NN HNH CHNH V CI CCH HNH CHNH NH NC

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I. NHN THC CHUNG V NN HNH CHNH 1. Cc yu t cu thnh nn hnh chnh C nhiu cch tip cn v nn hnh chnh nh n c! nhn" ph# $in hi%n n&' ch( )*n" nn hnh chnh nh n c + h% th,n" cc 'u t, h-p thnh v t# ch.c /01 2'! c(n n"3i! n"u4n +5c c6n"7 v c8 ch h(9t :1n" :; th5c thi <u'n hnh php. Th=( cch tip cn n'! v c>u t)?c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c $&( "42 cc 'u t,A ' Th( nh)t, h% th,n" th; ch hnh chnh $&( "42 Hin php! But! Chp +%nh v cc vDn $En <ui ph92 v t# ch.c! h(9t :1n" c@& hnh chnh nh n c v ti phn hnh chnh F ' Th( h*i! c8 c>u t# ch.c v c8 ch vn hnh c@& $1 2' hnh chnh nh n c cc c>p! cc n"nh phG h-p v i 'Hu cIu th5c thi <u'n hnh phpF J Th( b*, :1i n"K cn $1! c6n" ch.c hnh chnh :-c :E2 $E( v L, +-n" v ch>t +-n" :; th5c hi%n t,t ch.c nDn"! nhi%2 vM c@& hnh chnh nh n cF Th( t, n"u4n +5c ti chnh v c8 LN vt ch>t OP thut $E( :E2 'Hu cIu th5c thi c6n" vM c@& cc c8 <u&n v c6n" ch.c hnh chnh. GiQ& cc 'u t, c@& nn hnh chnh c 2,i <u&n h% hQu c8 v tc :1n" +Rn nh&u t)(n" 21t Ohu6n Oh# th; ch. S; nTn" c&( hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE nn hnh chnh nh n c cIn phEi cEi cch :4n" $1 cE $,n 'u t, t)Hn. C>u t)?c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c c th; 26 tE $*n" L8 :4A
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H(9t :1n" c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c :-c th5c hi%n V i L5 :iu hnh th,n" nh>t c@& Chnh ph@ nh*2 pht t)i;n h% th,n" v :E2 $E( L5 #n :Wnh! pht t)i;n Oinh t JXY h1i th=( :Wnh h n". T)(n" <u t)Znh :! cc ch@ th; hnh chnh cIn th5c hi%n L5 phTn c6n"! phTn c>p ch( cc c8 <u&n t)(n" h% th,n" nh*2 pht hu' tnh ch@ :1n"! Ln" t9( v th 29nh )iHn" c c@& t[n" n"nh! t[n" :W& ph8n" v( vi%c th5c hi%n 2Mc tiHu chun" c@& cE nn hnh chnh. 7. Nh8n& -9c tnh ch yu c nn hnh chnh Nh n!"c V%/t N 2 S; XT' V5n" 21t nn hnh chnh hi%n :9i! h(9t :1n" c hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE cIn phEi hi;u )\ nhQn" :]c tnh ch@ 'u c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c. NhQn" :]c tnh n' v[& th; hi%n :I' :@ $En ch>t c@& Nh n c c1n" h^& _HCN Vi%t N&2! v[& Ot h-p :-c nhQn" :]c :i;2 chun" c@& 21t nn hnh chnh pht t)i;n th=( h n" hi%n :9i. Nh v' nn hnh chnh Nh n c Vi%t N&2 c nhQn" :]c tnh ch@ 'u L&uA *& Tnh l thu+c vo chnh t,- v h thng chnh t,N"u4n ",c v $En ch>t c@& 21t nh n c $`t n"u4n t[ $En ch>t chnh t)W c@& ch :1 XY h1i V i L5 +Ynh :9( c@& 21t chnh :En". a i ch :1 t $En! nh n c Lb 2&n" $En ch>t t LEn! c^n V i ch XY h1i V( SEn" c1n" LEn +Ynh :9( thZ nh n c 2&n" $En ch>t c@& "i&i c>p v6 LEn. CE +c +un v th5c tidn :u ch( th>'! SEn" n( cI2 <u'n Lb :.n" )& +p Chnh ph@ v :& n"3i c@& :En" 2Znh v( cc vW t) t)(n" Chnh ph@. Cc thnh viHn c@& Chnh ph@ + cc nh chnh t)W /chnh Ohch7. Nn hnh chnh +9i :-c t# ch.c v vn hnh V i L5 +Ynh :9(! :iu hnh c@& Chnh ph@! vZ v' VG 2u,n h&' Oh6n"! nn hnh chnh phEi +% thu1c v( h% th,n" chnh t)W! phEi phMc tGn" L5 +Ynh :9( c@& :En" cI2 <u'n. e]c VG +% thu1c v( chnh t)W! L(n" nn hnh chnh cKn" c tnh :1c +p t8n" :,i v h(9t :1n" chu'Hn 26n n"hi%p vM v OP thut hnh chnh. f n c t&! nn hnh chnh nh n c 2&n" :I' :@ $En ch>t c@& 21t Nh n c VTn ch@ XY h1i ch@ n"hg& hc@& nhTn VTn! V( nhTn VTn v vZ nhTn VTni V5& t)Hn nn tEn" c@& +iHn 2inh "i&i c>p c6n" nhTn v i "i&i c>p n6n" VTn v tIn" + p t) th.c V( SEn" c1n" LEn Vi%t N&2 +Ynh :9(. Nh n c C1n" h( _HCN Vi%t N&2 n*2 t)(n" h% th,n" chnh t)W! c h9t nhTn +Ynh :9( + SEn" C1n" LEn Vi%t N&2! cc t# ch.c chnh t)W J XY h1i "iQ v&i t)^ th&2 "i& v "i2 Lt h(9t :1n" c@& Nh n c! 2 t)jn" tT2 + nn hnh chnh. b& Tnh .h/. 0uy1n

V i t cch + c6n" cM th5c hi%n <u'n +5c nh n c! nn hnh chnh nh n c :-c t# ch.c v h(9t :1n" tuTn th=( nhQn" <u' :Wnh php +ut! :4n" th3i 'Hu cIu 2ji c6n" VTn v t# ch.c t)(n" XY h1i phEi n"hiH2 chlnh ch>p hnh php +ut. SE2 $E( tnh php <u'n c@& nn hnh chnh + 21t t)(n" nhQn" :iu Oi%n :; XT' V5n" Nh n c chnh <u'! hi%n :9i! t)(n" : $1 2' hnh php h(9t :1n" c Om +ut! Om c8n". Tnh php <u'n :^i hni cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh! c6n" ch.c phEi n`2 vQn" <ui :Wnh php +ut! Lo VMn" :?n" <u'n +5c! th5c hi%n :?n" ch.c nDn" v thp2 <u'n t)(n" th5c thi c6n" vM. eqi cn $1! c6n" ch.c cIn ch? t)jn" v( vi%c nTn" c&( u' tn v chnh t)W! php2 ch>t :9( :.c v nDn" +5c th5c thi :; phMc vM nhTn VTn. Tnh php <u'n c@& nn hnh chnh :-c th; hi%n t)Hn cE h&i ph8n" Vi%n + <uEn +c nh n c $*n" php +ut v th=( php +ut. Siu : c n"hg& +! 21t 2]t cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh nh n c Lo VMn" +ut php + c6n" cM :iu chlnh cc 2,i <u&n h% XY h1i 2&n" tnh $`t $u1c :,i v i cc :,i t-n" <uEn +cF 2]t Ohc cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh nh n c cKn" nh c6n" ch.c phEi :-c t# ch.c v h(9t :1n" th=( php +ut ch. Oh6n" :-c t5 V(! tur ti%n v-t +Hn t)Hn h&' :.n" n"(i php +ut. c& Tnh .h2c v2 nhn dn Hnh chnh nh n c c $#n phn phMc vM L5 n"hi%p pht t)i;n c1n" :4n" v nhu cIu thit 'u c@& c6n" VTn. eu,n v'! phEi XT' V5n" 21t nn hnh chnh c6n" tT2! t)(n" L9ch! Oh6n" th=( :u#i 2Mc tiHu +-i nhun! Oh6n" :^i hni n"3i :-c phMc vM phEi t)E thG +&(. ST' cKn" chnh + :i;2 Ohc $i%t c8 $En "iQ& 2Mc tiHu h(9t :1n" c@& hnh chnh nh n c v i 21t V(&nh n"hi%p LEn Xu>t Oinh V(&nh. 0En ch>t c@& nh n c t& + nh n c VTn ch@ _HCN. T6n t)jn" v $E( v% <u'n! +-i ch h-p php c@& c6n" VTn + t tNn" ch@ :9( t)(n" XT' V5n"! th5c hi%n h% th,n" th; ch hnh chnh N n c t&. C8 <u&n hnh chnh v :1i n"K c6n" ch.c Oh6n" :-c <u&n +iHu! hch VWch! Oh6n" :-c "T' phin h ch( n"3i VTn Ohi thi hnh c6n" vM. d& Tnh h thng th( b3c ch4t ch5 Nn hnh chnh nh n c :-c c>u t9( "42 21t h% th,n" :Wnh ch t# ch.c th=( th. $c ch]t chb v th6n" Lu,t t[ T)un" 8n" t i cc :W& ph8n"! t)(n" : c>p V i phMc tGn" c>p t)Hn! nhn chl thW 2%nh +%nh v chWu L5 Oi;2 t)&! "i2 Lt c@& c>p t)Hn. eqi c>p hnh chnh! 2qi c8 <u&n! c6n" ch.c h(9t :1n" t)(n" ph92 vi thp2 <u'n :-c t)&( :; cGn" th5c hi%n t,t ch.c nDn" hnh chnh. Tu' nhiHn! :; h9n ch vi%c $in nn hnh chnh thnh h% th,n" <u&n +iHu!

thZ Xc +p th. $c hnh chnh cKn" t9( )& L5 ch@ :1n" Ln" t9(! +inh h(9t c@& 2qi c>p! 2qi c8 <u&n! c6n" ch.c hnh chnh :; :& php +ut v( :3i L,n" XY h1i 21t cch hi%u <uE. 6& Tnh chuyn "7n ho/ v ngh1 nghi. c*o H(9t :1n" hnh chnh c@& cc c8 <u&n th5c thi <u'n hnh php + 21t h(9t :1n" :]c $i%t v cKn" t9( )& nhQn" LEn php2 :]c $i%t. Siu : :-c th; hi%n t)Hn cE ph8n" Vi%n n"h% thut v Oh(& hjc t)(n" <uEn +c nh n c. eu,n nTn" c&( hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE hnh chnh nh n c! 'Hu cIu nhQn" n"3i +2 vi%c t)(n" cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh cIn phEi c t)Znh :1 chu'Hn 26n n"h n"hi%p c&( t)Hn cc +gnh v5c :-c phTn c6n" <uEn +c. Tnh chu'Hn 26n h( v n"h n"hi%p c&( + :^i hni $`t $u1c :,i v i h(9t :1n" <uEn +c c@& cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh nh n c v + 'Hu cIu c8 $En :,i v i nn hnh chnh pht t)i;n th=( h n" hi%n :9i. S,i t-n" tc :1n" c@& nn hnh chnh c n1i Vun" h(9t :1n" ph.c t9p v <u&n h% :& V9n"! ph(n" ph? :^i hni cc nh hnh chnh phEi c Oin th.c XY h1i v Oin th.c chu'Hn 26n LTu )1n". C6n" ch.c +2 vi%c t)(n" cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh nh n c + nhQn" n"3i t)5c tip thi hnh c6n" vM! nHn t)Znh :1 chu'Hn 26n! n"hi%p vM c@& hj c Enh hNn" )>t + n :n ch>t +-n" c6n" vi%c th5c hi%n. VZ +b : t)(n" h(9t :1n" hnh chnh Nh n c! nDn" +5c chu'Hn 26n v t)Znh :1 <uEn +c c@& nhQn" n"3i +2 vi%c t)(n" cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh Nh n c phEi :-c c(i + tiHu chupn hn" :Iu. _T' V5n" v tu';n chjn nhQn" n"3i v( +2 vi%c t)(n" cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh nh n c :E2 $E( 'Hu cIu hv[& h4n"! v[& chu'Hnt + 2Mc tiHu c@& c6n" tc cn $1 t)(n" th3i Or c6n" n"hi%p h(! hi%n :9i h( :>t n c. 8& Tnh lin t2c, t9ng i :n -nh v thch (ng T)Hn th5c t! cc 2,i <u&n h% XY h1i v hnh vi c6n" VTn cIn :-c php +ut :iu chlnh Vidn )& 21t cch th3n" Xu'Hn! +iHn tMc th=( cc <u t)Znh Oinh t J XY h1i. Chnh vZ v' nn hnh chnh Nh n c phEi h(9t :1n" +iHn tMc! #n :Wnh :; :E2 $E( h(9t :1n" LEn Xu>t! +u th6n" Oh6n" $W "in :(9n t)(n" $>t Or tZnh hu,n" n(. Tnh +iHn tMc v #n :Wnh c@& nn hnh chnh Xu>t pht t[ h&i +c V( c8 $EnA Th( nh)t! V( Xu>t pht t[ <u&n :i;2 pht t)i;n. eu,n pht t)i;n phEi #n :Wnh! #n :Wnh +2 nn tEn" ch( pht t)i;n! vZ v' ch@ th; hnh chnh phEi $it O th[& "iQ ch( cc :,i t-n" vn :1n" +iHn tMc! Oh6n" :-c n"Dn cEn h&' tur ti%n th&' :#i t)9n" thi tc :1n".

Th( h*i! V( Xu>t pht t[ nhu cIu c@& :3i L,n" nhTn VTn. N"3i VTn +u6n +u6n 2(n" 2u,n :-c L,n" t)(n" 21t XY h1i #n :Wnh! :-c :E2 $E( nhQn" "i t)W vDn h& t)(n" pht t)i;n. Siu : t9( nHn ni2 tin c@& hj v( nh n c. Tnh +iHn tMc v #n :Wnh Oh6n" +(9i t)[ tnh thch .n"! $Ni v' #n :Wnh N :T' chl 2&n" tnh t8n" :,i! Oh6n" phEi + c, :Wnh! $>t $in. Nh n c + 21t LEn php2 c@& XY h1i! t)(n" Ohi :3i L,n" Oinh t J XY h1i +u6n vn :1n" $in :#i! nHn hnh chnh nh n c cKn" phEi thch n"hi v i h(n cEnh th5c t :; :p .n" 'Hu cIu pht t)i;n. II. NvNG Cwx NyNG BzC! HI{U BzC! HI{U |U} C~w NN HNH CHNH NH NC 1. :u n n%/2 * n;n& 45c< h%/u 45c * h%/u =u6 c nn hnh chnh nh n!"c N"hW <u't S9i h1i SEn" t(n <u,c +In th. _I Xc :WnhA CEi cch nn hnh chnh nh n c + t)jn" tT2 c@& vi%c tip tMc XT' V5n" v h(n thi%n Nh n c! v i 2Mc tiHu + XT' V5n" 21t nn hnh chnh t)(n" L9ch c :@ nDn" +5c! Lo VMn" :?n" <u'n +5c v t[n" $ c hi%n :9i h& :; <uEn +c c hi%u +5c v hi%u <uE c6n" vi%c c@& nh n c! th?c :p' XY h1i pht t)i;n +nh 29nh! :?n" h n"! phMc vM :`c +5c :3i L,n" nhTn VTn! XT' V5n" np L,n" v +2 vi%c th=( php +ut t)(n" XY h1i. Nh v'! nDn" +5c! hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE h(9t :1n" c@& nn hnh chnh v[& + 2Mc tiHu c@& cEi cch hnh chnh! v[& + nhi%2 vM hn" :Iu c@& t(n SEn"! t(n VTn t)(n" XT' V5n" nh n c php <u'n _HCN Vi%t N&2. S; th5c hi%n th`n" +-i 2Mc tiHu cEi cch hnh chnh! t) c tiHn cIn +2 )\ v nhn th.c :I' :@ cc Ohi ni%2 v nDn" +5c! hi%u +5c v hi%u <uE c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c. U.U. NDn" +5c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c + OhE nDn" th5c hi%n ch.c nDn" <uEn +c XY h1i v phMc vM nhTn VTn c@& $1 2' hnh chnh. Ni 21t cch Ohc! :T' + OhE nDn" hu' :1n" t#n" h-p cc 'u t, t9( thnh L.c 29nh th5c thi <u'n hnh php c@& cc ch@ th; hnh chnh. Cc 'u t, h-p thnh nDn" +5c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c "42A J H% th,n" t# ch.c hnh chnh :-c thit +p t)Hn c8 LN phTn :Wnh )nh 29ch ch.c nDn"! thp2 <u'n "iQ& cc c8 <u&n! t# ch.c! cc c>p t)(n" h% th,n" hnh chnhF J H% th,n" th; ch! th@ tMc hnh chnh :-c $&n hnh c cDn c. Oh(& hjc! h-p +c! t9( nHn Ohu6n Oh# php +c v c8 ch vn hnh :4n" $1! nhWp nhn"! nh&nh nh9'! th6n" Lu,t c@& $1 2' hnh chnh nh n cF

J S1i n"K cn $1! c6n" ch.c c php2 ch>t chnh t)W! php2 ch>t :9( :.c! t)Znh :1 v OP nDn" hnh chnh v i c8 c>u! ch.c V&nh! tiHu chupn :p .n" cc 'Hu cIu cM th; c@& vi%c th5c thi c6n" vMF J T#n" th; cc :iu Oi%n vt ch>t! OP thut! ti chnh cIn v :@ :; :E2 $E( ch( h(9t :1n" c6n" vM c hi%u <uE. NDn" +5c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c phM thu1c v( ch>t +-n" c@& cc 'u t, t)Hn. NDn" +5c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c <u't :Wnh hi%u +5c v hi%u <uE <uEn +c c@& 21t nh n c. Hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE v[& th; hi%n v[& + th c :(! tiHu chupn :; :nh "i nDn" +5c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c. U.k. Hi%u +5c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c + L5 th5c hi%n :?n"! OWp th3i! c Ot <uE ch.c nDn"! nhi%2 vM :-c "i&( v tuTn th@ php +ut c@& $1 2' hnh chnh nh*2 :9t :-c cc 2Mc tiHu : )&. f Oh& c9nh th5c tidn! hi%u +5c c@& nn hnh chnh c^n $i;u hi%n N L5 n"hiH2 t?c! Ohpn t)8n"! t)i%t :; c@& t# ch.c v c6n" VTn t)(n" vi%c th5c thi chnh Lch! php +ut c@& Nh n c t)Hn ph92 vi t(n XY h1i. Hi%u +5c c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c phM thu1c v( cc 'u t, L&uA Th( nh)t! nDn" +5c! ch>t +-n" c@& nn hnh chnh /t#n" h-p cc 'u t, th; ch! t# ch.c $1 2'! :1i n"K c6n" ch.c7. Th( h*i! L5 @n" h1 c@& nhTn VTn! L5 tin tNn" c@& VTn cn" + n thZ Ot <uE h(9t :1n" <uEn +c c@& $1 2' hnh chnh cn" c&(. Th( b*, :]c :i;2 t# ch.c! vn hnh c@& h% th,n" chnh t)W. Hi%u +5c <uEn +c c@& $1 2' hnh chnh phM thu1c v( n1i Vun" v ph8n" th.c +Ynh :9( c@& SEn"! L5 phTn c6n" )nh 29ch "iQ& cc <u'n +p php! hnh php! t php. U.s. Hi%u <uE c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c + Ot <uE <uEn +c :9t :-c c@& $1 2' hnh chnh t)(n" L5 t8n" <u&n v i 2.c :1 chi ph cc n"u4n +5c! t)(n" 2,i <u&n h% "iQ& hi%u <uE Oinh t v i hi%u <uE XY h1i. Hi%u <uE c@& nn hnh chnh :-c th; hi%n t)Hn cc ph8n" Vi%n L&uA J S9t 2Mc tiHu <uEn +c hnh chnh t,i :& v i 2.c :1 chi ph cc n"u4n +5c nh>t :Wnh. J S9t 2Mc tiHu nh>t :Wnh v i 2.c :1 chi ph cc n"u4n +5c t,i thi;u. J S9t :-c 2Mc tiHu Oh6n" chl t)(n" <u&n h% v i chi ph n"u4n +5c /ti chnh! nhTn +5c...7 2 c^n t)(n" <u&n h% v i hi%u <uE XY h1i. U.u. |u&n h% "iQ& nDn" +5c! hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE c@& nn hnh chnh

GiQ& nDn" +5c! hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE c@& nn hnh chnh c 2,i <u&n h% $i%n ch.n". H(9t :1n" <uEn +c hnh chnh t) c ht phEi : c&( hi%u +5c! phEi :E2 $E( :-c hi%u +5c th5c hi%n. e]t Ohc! 21t nn hnh chnh t,t h(9t :1n" phEi c hi%u <uE. Nh v' cE hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE <uEn +c :u :-c <u't :Wnh $Ni nDn" +5c! ch>t +-n" c@& nn hnh chnh. S; nTn" c&( hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE <uEn +c hnh chnh phEi tp t)un" XT' V5n" v h(n thi%n cc 'u t, c>u thnh nDn" +5c c@& nn hnh chnh. N"-c +9i! :; :nh "i tin $1 v nDn" +5c c@& nn hnh chnh phEi V5& t)Hn nhQn" tiHu ch! th c :( cM th; phEn nh hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE c@& nn hnh chnh. BTu n&' t)(n" nhn th.c c@& nhiu n"3i ch& c L5 phTn :Wnh v nDn" +5c! hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE c@& nn hnh chnh! VRn :n L5 +Rn +1n! thiu cM th t)(n" vi%c Xc :Wnh n1i Vun"! "iEi php cKn" nh t)(n" :nh "i Ot <uE v 2.c :1 :9t :-c c@& c6n" cu1c cEi cch nn hnh chnh nh n c. eu,n c 21t nn hnh chnh tin $1 cIn th3n" Xu'Hn cEi cch cc 'u t, c>u thnh nn hnh chnh nh n c v h(n thi%n cc :iu Oi%n v 26i t)3n" :; nn hnh chnh c nDn" +5c th5c hi%n ch.c nDn" <uEn +c c@& Nh n c th5c L5 c hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE. 7. Tnh tt yu * y>u c?u n@n& c + n;n& 45c< h%/u 45c< h%/u =u6 c nn hnh chnh nh n!"c #;%. <ng c*o n!ng l=c, hiu l=c, hiu 0u c>* n1n hnh chnh nh n?cl t)t y@u kh/ch 0u*n; Vi%c nTn" c&( nDn" +5c! hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE c@& nn hnh chnh nh n c + 21t 'Hu cIu t>t 'u v c>p $ch t)(n" :iu Oi%n n c t& hi%n n&'. 5 cIn thit n' Xu>t pht t[ c8 LN +c +un v th5c tidn L&uA J Hnh chnh nh n c + h(9t :1n" th5c thi <u'n +5c nh n c nh*2 hi%n th5c h& :3n" +,i! chnh Lch c@& SEn" v php +ut c@& Nh n c. NTn" c&( hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE hnh chnh nh n c chnh + nTn" c&( v&i t)^ +Ynh :9( c@& SEn" :,i v i t(n XY h1i! + h(n thi%n Nh n c php <u'n XY h1i ch@ n"hg&. J Vi%t N&2 :&n" XT' V5n" nn Oinh t thW t)3n" :Wnh h n" XY h1i ch@ n"hg&! :T' + nhi%2 vM v[& 2 i 2! v[& Oh OhDn! n]n" n. 0En thTn $1 2' nh n c /2 t)(n" : t)5c tip + $1 2' hnh chnh nh n c7 Oh6n" :#i 2 i t# ch.c h(9t :1n" th=( h n" nTn" c&( hi%u +5c hi%u <uE <uEn +c thZ Oh6n" th; h(n thnh nhi%2 vM 2 SEn" v nhTn VTn "i&( ph. J Th5c tidn t# ch.c h(9t :1n" <uEn +c hnh chnh nh n c t& ch( th>'! $Hn c9nh nhQn" u :i;2! thnh t5u :Y :9t :-c t)(n" <u t)Znh XT' V5n" v $E( v% t#

<u,c vRn c^n nhQn" 'u O2 cIn phEi Oh`c phMc OWp th3i nh $%nh <u&n +iHu! 2%nh +%n! vi ph92 VTn ch@! <uEn +c thiu tp t)un" th,n" nh>t! thiu t)t t5 Om c8n"! $1 2' c4n" Onh! +2 vi%c O2 nDn" Lu>t... NhQn" 'u O2 Ohu't :i;2 : :Y +2 Enh hNn" n"hiH2 t)jn" :n hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE hnh chnh nh n c. J TZnh hZnh chnh t)W! Oinh t v tin $1 Oh(& hjc OP thut! c6n" n"h% t)Hn th "i i th&' :#i v c8 $En! :^i hni ch?n" t& phEi :#i 2 i v t# ch.c v h(9t :1n" c@& hnh chnh nh n c :; c th; :p .n" OWp v i Vidn $in c@& tZnh hZnh v t,c :1 pht t)i;n c@& th3i :9i. NTn" c&( nDn" +5c! hi%u +5c! hi%u <uE hnh chnh nh n c + nhQn" tc :1n" c ch@ :Wnh nh*2 +2 ch( h(9t :1n" hnh chnh nh n c :9t :-c nhQn" 2Mc tiHu :Wnh h n". J Nn hnh chnh n c t& tu' c nhiu :#i 2 i nhn" v c8 $En vRn + 21t nn hnh chnh th5c hi%n th=( c8 ch 2%nh +%nh v Xin J ch(. Nn hnh chnh nh v' ch& th; :E2 nhi%2 v&i t)^ Oh&i th6n" cc n"u4n +5c t)(n" 2qi c nhTn! t# ch.c v XY h1i :; pht t)i;n :>t n c. T) c 'Hu cIu pht t)i;n nn Oinh t thW t)3n" c :Wnh h n" _HCN t)(n" $,i cEnh h1i nhp nh hi%n n&'! cIn thit phEi chu';n t[ nn hnh chnh t)u'n th,n" L&n" nn hnh chnh pht t)i;n. Chu';n L&n" nn hnh chnh pht t)i;n + L5 nq +5c t[n" $ c tch VIn cc ch.c nDn" hnh chnh Ohni cc ch.c nDn" Oinh V(&nh! Xc :Wnh cM th; cc ch.c nDn" hnh chnh v i ch.c nDn" VWch vM c6n"! phTn :Wnh )nh 29ch c8 <u&n hnh chnh v i t# ch.c L5 n"hi%p. ST' + nhQn" nhi%2 vM )>t n]n" n :; $1 2' hnh chnh h(n thnh L. 2%nh c@& c8 <u&n th5c thi <u'n hnh php. C^n cc ch.c nDn" LEn Xu>t v +u th6n" hn" h&! ch.c nDn" VWch vM c6n" Lb chu';n "i&( ch( cc c nhTn v t# ch.c :-c nh n c @' <u'n th=( h n" XY h1i h&. T)(n" nn hnh chnh pht t)i;n! <u&n h% "iQ& nh n c v i c6n" VTn th5c hi%n th=( n"u'Hn t`c $Znh :n". Cc <u'n v n"hg& vM 2qi $Hn :-c Xc :Wnh )\ )n"! Oh6n" tu'%t :,i h(! Oh6n" <u : c&( v&i t)^ c@& Nh n c t) c c6n" VTn! Oh6n" X=2 c8 <u&n nh n c nh 21t ch@ th; )& +%nh! $&n pht <u'n +-i ch( c6n" VTnF c6n" ch.c nh n c Oh6n" :-c <u'n Lch nhidu! "T' phin h ch( VTn! 2 phEi c(i c6n" VTn + Ohch hn"! c8 <u&n hnh chnh + n"3i phMc vM v phEi th5c hi%n c&2 Ot phMc vM 21t cch c6n" Oh&i. #;#. Au cBu nng c*o n!ng l=c, hiu l=c, hiu 0u c>* n1n hnh chnh nh n?c S; XT' V5n" 21t nn hnh chnh pht t)i;n! cIn <un t)i%t v th5c hi%n t,t cc 'Hu cIu L&uA

J _T' V5n" nn hnh chnh phMc vM h n" t i c6n" VTn v XY h1i! $Ni v' nn hnh chnh phEi c(i n"3i VTn + Ohch hn" :; 2qi c8 <u&n! cn $1! c6n" ch.c c t)ch nhi%2 cun" .n" nhQn" VWch vM c6n" t,t nh>t! c ch>t +-n" v hi%u <uE nh>tF J SE2 $E( VTn ch@ h( v phTn c>p t)(n" h(9t :1n" hnh chnh nh n c 'Hu cIu cc ch@ th; phTn "i&( <u'n h9n ch( cc c8 <u&n t)(n" h% th,n" th=( h n"A vi%c n( c>p V i +2 t,t! +2 hi%u <uE thZ "i&( ch( hj. Nh n c <uEn +c nh*2 h n" VRn! "i?p :! t9( 26i t)3n" v :1n" +5c ch( cc t# ch.c c6n" th5c hi%n cc VWch vM. Nh n c Oh6n" :1c <u'n! cEn t)N! 62 :42 h&' +2 th&' cc t# ch.c Oinh t! XY h1i OhcF J _c :Wnh )\ <u&n h% "iQ& Ohu v5c c6n" v Ohu v5c t. Th5c hi%n XY h1i h( h(]c L`p Xp +9i Ohu v5c c6n"! nhn" Oh6n" +2 "iE2 v&i t)^ <uEn +c! :iu hnh c@& Nh n cF J Hnh chnh c6n" th5c hi%n <uEn +c XY h1i $*n" php +ut! Ot h-p v i : c&( :9( :.c! pht hu' nhQn" "i t)W vDn h& c@& VTn t1c v nhTn +(9i...F J Nn hnh chnh c6n" "`n $ ch]t chb v i nn Oinh t! th?c :p' tDn" t)Nn" v pht t)i;n Oinh t! $E( :E2 c6n" $*n" XY h1i! phMc vM :`c +5c ch( vi%c th5c hi%n 2Mc tiHu chin +-c t)(n" t[n" "i&i :(9nF J Vn VMn" Ln" t9(! +inh h(9t c8 ch thW t)3n" v( h(9t :1n" hnh chnh :; XT' V5n" 21t nn hnh chnh nDn" :1n"! thch .n" v c hi%u <uE nh*2 phMc vM t,t cc nhu cIu XY h1iF J BYnh :9( v <uEn +c L5 th&' :#i nn hnh chnh c6n" t)(n" L5 vn :1n" chun" c@& h% th,n" chnh t)W v XY h1iF J p VMn" nhQn" thnh t5u Oh(& hjc! c6n" n"h% 2 i v( t# ch.c v vn hnh nn hnh chnh. Th=( tinh thIn :! :; :nh "i t)Znh :1 pht t)i;n c@& 21t nn hnh chnh cIn V5& v( cc tiHu ch nhA 5 nDn" :1n" v phG h-p c@& t# ch.c $1 2' hnh chnh t)(n" h(9t :1n" <uEn +c XY h1iF L5 #n :Wnh t)t t5 XY h1iF L5 c6n" $*n" t)(n" XY h1iF L5 pht t)i;n $n vQn" c@& nn Oinh t. T2 +9i! t)(n" <u t)Znh chu';n :#i t[ c8 ch <uEn +c O h(9ch h( tp t)un" $&( c>p L&n" c8 ch thW t)3n"! v&i t)^ c@& hnh chnh c6n" n"' cn" c c n"hg& t( + n. Th3i "i&n <u&! Nh n c t& :Y p VMn" c8 ch <uEn +c 2 i v( vi%c chu';n VWch c8 c>u Oinh t! $*n" vi%c tc :1n" :n cc thnh phIn Oinh t! <ui h(9ch cc vGn" Oinh t v cc n"nh! +gnh v5c Oinh t nh*2 :Wnh h n" ch( nn Oinh t vn :1n" :9t :-c nhQn" 2Mc tiHu pht t)i;n.

III. C}I CCH NN HNH CHNH NH NC 1. A5 c?n th%t Bh6% c6% cch nn hnh chnh CEi cch nn hnh chnh nh n c + 21t <u t)Znh +iHn tMc 2&n" tnh :Wnh nh*2 +2 ch( h(9t :1n" th5c thi <u'n hnh php n"' cn" thch .n" h8n v i 'Hu cIu c@& L5 vn :1n" v pht t)i;n nn Oinh t! XY h1i c@& 2qi <u,c "i&. CEi cch hnh chnh nh n c + 21t $1 phn c@& cEi cch t# ch.c v h(9t :1n" c@& h% th,n" $1 2' nh n c ni chun". Cc <u,c "i& phEi th3n" Xu'Hn cEi cch nn hnh chnh $NiA 1.1. V khch quan C nhiu +c V( Ohch <u&n :^i hni nn hnh chnh nh n c phEi :-c cEi cchA J _u h n" pht t)i;n chun" c@& cc nh n c + phEi thu hp ph92 vi h(9t :1n" c@& $1 2' hnh chnh. J T)Znh :1 VTn t) v tinh thIn VTn ch@ n"' cn" c&( :Y :]t )& nhQn" 'Hu cIu nTn" c&( hi%u <uE h(9t :1n" c@& cc c8 <u&n hnh chnh v n"3i VTn cn" th&2 "i& t)5c tip v( c6n" vi%c c@& c8 <u&n hnh chnhF J _u th t(n cIu h& h( v h1i nhp Oinh t :Y :^i hni h(9t :1n" hnh chnh nh n c phEi th&' :#i cE v hZnh th.c! n1i Vun"F phEi tuTn th=( nhiu th6n" +% <u,c t t)(n" h(9t :1n" hnh chnh nh n c. J hu v5c phi chnh ph@ v Oinh t t nhTn n"' cn" pht t)i;n! t9( c8 h1i :; hj th&2 "i& nhiu h8n v( cc +gnh v5c h(9t :1n" v,n V( nh n c :1c <u'n. 1.2. V ch quan S chnh + nhQn" 'u O2! h9n ch! Oh6n" phG h-p t[ $Hn t)(n" $1 2' hnh chnh nh n c. t <uE phTn tch ch( th>' nhQn" h9n ch $Hn t)(n" n;n hnh chnh nh L&uA e1t +! nn hnh chnh c6n" t)u'n th,n" v,n c L.c Z v t)Z t)%! nh>t + t4n t9i t)(n" c8 ch tp t)un"! <u&n +iHu. N&' chu';n L&n" nn Oinh t thW t)3n" nhn" c8 ch XinJ ch( vRn t4n t9i t)(n" h(9t :1n" c@& $1 2' hnh chnh nh n c. H&i +! h% th,n" th; ch hnh chnh nh n c! nh>t + th; ch v Oinh t )>t ch2 :-c :#i 2 i. 0& +! t# ch.c $1 2' <uEn chnh nh n c c4n" Onh! O2 hi%u +5c cIn phEi :-c t# ch.c +9i ch( phG h-p v i h(n cEnh 2 i.
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