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Emily Hart
Chemistry
February 28, 2014
Mass-Mass Lab


Title: Mass-Mass Reactions Lab Write Up


Introduction:
Stoichiometry is defined as a branch of chemistry that deals with the relative quantities of
reactants and products in chemical reactions. Stoichiometry is used abundantly in this lab. A
balanced equation gives you how much of certain chemicals or which chemicals will be used in
the reaction, it can also give you how many moles of each there are, which you can use for the
mole-to-mole ratio. In this lab we performed a double replacement reaction with lead (II) nitrate
and potassium iodide, and had two products which were, lead (II) iodide and potassium nitrate.
In the lab we will have a limiting and excess reactant, a limiting reactant is the substance, which
is, totally consumes when the chemical reaction is complete, and an excess reactant is the
reactant with a greater amount than necessary to react completely with the limiting reactant.

Hypothesis:
If given 1.53 g of lead (II) nitrate and 1.75 g of potassium iodide then my prediction is that lead
(II) nitrate will be the limiting reactant and potassium iodide will be the excess reactant.

Materials and Procedure:
For materials we had:
3 beakers
1 ring stand
1 iron ring
1.75 g of potassium iodide
1.53 g of lead (II) nitrate
1 filter paper
1 funnel
1 stirring rod
1 wash bottle with water

Our procedure was:
1. Write a balanced equation and put it in our data
2. Get 1.53 g of lead (II) nitrate and put it in our data
3. Find theoretical mass of lead (II) nitrate, record in data
4. Put lead nitrate in one beaker with 25 ml of water
5. Put potassium iodide in nanotube beaker with 25 ml of water
6. Mix the two together in one beaker and record observations
7. Get filter paper; find its mass, record in data. Write name on filter paper and fold it and put it
in the funnel
8. Pour the mixture into the funnel slowly
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9. Rinse the beaker and stirring rod with water into funnel until all of the mixture is gone
10. Remove filter paper from the funnel and place it in the drying oven over night
11. Once filter paper is dry find its mass and record it in the data

Data:
a. Chemical equation for this reaction: Pb(NO
3
)
2
+ 2KI PbI
2
+ 2K(NO
3
)
b. Mass of lead nitrate: 1.53 g
c. Mass-Mass calculation: 1.53 g Pb(NO
3
)
2
x 1 mol Pb(NO
3
)
2
/331 g Pb(NO
3
)
2
x 1 mol
PbI
2
/1 mol Pb(NO
3
)
2
x 461g PbI
2
/1 mol PbI
2

d. Observations: When mixed it turned bright, cloudy yellow. Lost some of mixture during
filtration process
e. Mass of dry filter paper: .75g
f. Mass of dry filter paper precipitate: 2.85


Calculations:
Experimental mass of lead (II) iodide precipitate:
2.85-.75=2.1 2.1 (actual) PbI
2


Experimental error:
2.13g-2.1/2.13gx100= 1.4% experimental error
Percent yield:
2.1g PbI
2
/2.13g PbI
2
x100= 98.6% yield
Limiting reactant (calculations shown):
1.53g Pb(NO
3
)
2
x 1 mol Pb(NO
3
)
2
/331g Pb(NO
3
)
2
x 1 mol Pb(NO
3
)
2
x 461g PbI
2
/1 mol
PbI
2
=
2.13 g PbI
2
- limiting reactant
1.75g KI x 1 mol KI/166g KI x 1 mol PbI
2
/2 mol KI x 461g PbI
2
/1 mol PbI
2
=
2.43g PbI
2

Excess potassium iodide (calculations shown):
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1.531.53g Pb(NO
3
)
2
x 1 mol Pb(NO
3
)
2
/331g Pb(NO
3
)
2
x 2 mol KI/1 mol Pb(NO
3
)
2
x
166g KI/1 mol KI=
1.53g KI (used)
1.75 g KI(had)-1.53g KI(used)= .27g KI excess

Analysis:
We got 1.4% error on our lab, we didnt get 0% because we overflowed the precipitate
when filtering it so some of it went into the clean water, so we ended up loosing some of
the precipitate during the process. Not that much was lost after we started to pour slower.

Conclusion:
Our hypothesis was supported because we thought that lead (II) nitrate will be the limiting
reactant and potassium iodide will be the excess reactant and that was what we ended up
with.