CDMA Overview

CBB_C01_E2
ZTE Universityy
CDMA-BSS Team
Main Content Main Content
The history of mobile communication The history of mobile communication
CDMA evolution path
The advantage of CDMA
CDMA spectrum usage CDMA spectrum usage
Role of ZTE in CDMA
Evolution of Mobile Communications System
1 1G G 2 2G G 3 3G G
Analog
cellular
D Di ig gi it ta al l c ce el ll lu ul la ar r D Di ig gi it ta al l c ce el ll lu ul la ar r
V Vo oi ic ce e V Vo oi ic ce e / /d da at ta a V Vo oi ic ce e / / h hi ig gh h s sp pe ee ed d d da at ta a
A AM MP PS S C CD DM MA A 1 1X XR Rt tt t C CD DM MA A2 20 00 00 0
T TA AC CS S G GS SM M G GP PR RS S W W_ _C CD DM MA A
8 80 0 1 19 99 92 2 1 19 99 99 9 2 20 00 01 1 2 20 00 03 3


AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System
TACS: Total Access Communication System
GPRS G l P k R di S i
AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System
TACS: Total Access Communication System
GPRS G l P k R di S i GPRS: General Packet Radio Services GPRS: General Packet Radio Services
Mobile Communication Standards Mobile Communication Standards
2G 2.5G 3G
cdmaOne
IS-95-A
CDMA2000
1X
CDMA2000
1xEV-
CDMA2000
1xEV- DORel
cdmaOne
IS-95-A
cdmaOne
IS-95-A
CDMA2000
1X
CDMA2000
1X Rel 0
CDMA2000
1xEV-
CDMA2000
1xEVDO Rel 0
CDMA2000
1xEV- DORel
CDMA2000
1xEVDO Rev A
FL 3.09Mbps PD
RL 1.8 Mbps PD
Voice
IS 95 A

High Capacity Voice

153 kbps PD

RF Backward
Comp.
1X
CDMA2000
1X Rel A
2.4 Mbps PD
RF Backward Comp.
1xEV-
IS-95-B
Korea
Japan
Voice

Backward Comp.
1xEV- DO Rel
CDMA2000
R l D
IS 95 A

IS 95 A

14.4 kbps CSD

1X

1X Rel. 0
CDMA2000
1X Rel A
CDMA2000
1X Rel. A

1xEV-

1xEVDO Rel. 0
IS-95-B
Korea
Japan

IS-95-B
Korea
Japan

1xEV- DO Rel

1xEVDO Rev.A
CDMA2000
1 EVDV R l DD

Voice
64 kbps Packet
RF Backward
Compatible
FL 3.09 Mbps PD

RL 1.8 Mbps PD

Backward Comp.
Rel D
307.2 kbps Packet
Backward Comp.

1xEVDV Rel D

D
HIRS: High-speed interconnect Router Subsystem
Advantages of CDMA ( 1)
Frequency reuse
AMPS, D-AMPS, N-AMPS
Advantages of CDMA ( 1)
q y
factor is 1;
network design and
expanding become
30 30 10 kH
1 3 1 Users
4
3
2
5
6
1
7
expanding become
much easier
30 30 10 kHz
Typical Frequency Reuse N=7
GSM
200 kHz
8 Users
1
2
3
4
CDMA
200 kHz
1
1
1
1
1
1
Typical Frequency Reuse N=4
1250 kHz
20 Users
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
Typical Frequency Reuse N=1
Advantages of CDMA( 2) Advantages of CDMA( 2)
large coverage
almost 2 times than GSM, save money for operator
Example:cover 1000 km
2
GSM need
200 BTS CDMA only need 50 BTS 200 BTS CDMA only need 50 BTS
Attention: exact result need
Link Budget
Advantages of CDMA( 3)
High spectrum capacity8--10 times than AMPS,46 High spectrum capacity8--10 times than AMPS,46
FDMA
Advantages of CDMA( 3)
g p p y
times than GSM
g p p y
times than GSM
Power
FDMA
FDMA---Different user use different
Power
FDMA---Different user use different
frequency
TACSAMPS
Power
TDMA
TDMA---Different user use different
time slot of one frequency
Power
time slot of one frequency
GSMDAMPS
CDMA
CDMA---Different user use same
frequency at the same time,but with
diff t di d
Power
different spreading code
Advantages of CDMA( 4) Advantages of CDMA( 4)
High privacy, hard to wiretapping
Spread signal
Each user is below
the noise deeply
Information
signal
Demodulated
signal
TX RX
Spread code Spread code
Advantages of CDMA( 5)
Use soft handoff, decrease drop-call rate
Advantages of CDMA( 5)
, p
CDMAmake before break---soft handoff
Other systems: make after break---hard handoff y
Advantages of CDMA( 6)
G d i lit 8k QCELP 8k EVRC
Advantages of CDMA( 6)
Good voice quality, use 8k QCELP, 8k EVRC,
13K QCELP voice codingthe best coding method in the world.
Voice quality
(MOS) (MOS)
64k
13k
8k QCELP
13k
8kEVRC 64k
PCM
GSM
8k QCELP
CDMA

QCELP
CDMA
8kEVRC
CDMA
QCELP: QualComm Code Excited Linear Predictive Coding
EVRC: Enhanced variable Rate Coding
Advantages of CDMA( 7) Advantages of CDMA( 7)
Perfect Power Control and voice activation make the MS
Power low, healthy for bodygreen mobile phone.
Mean Power Max
Power
GSM: 125mW 2W
CDMA: 2mW 200mW
CDMA 800 MHz Cellular Spectrum Usage
Channel
Numbers
9
9
1
1
0
2
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
4
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
1
6
7
1
7
7
9
9
9
9
1
1
0
2
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
4
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
1
6
7
1
7
7
9
9
other
A A A B A B A B A B
Forward link (i.e., cell site transmits) Reverse link (i.e., mobile transmits)
824
MHz
849
MHz
869
MHz
894
MHz
other
uses
A A A B A B
1 10 10 1.5 2.5
A B A B
1 10 10 1.5 2.5
Possible CDMA
Center Freq. Assignments
MHz MHz MHz MHz
~300 kHz. guard bands possibly required if adjacent-
frequency signals are non-CDMA (AMPS, TDMA, ESMR, etc.)
All CDMA RF carriers are 1.25 MHz. Wide
Between CDMA carriers, no guard band
CDMA Frequency Channel
A i t t 800 MH C ll l Assignment at 800 MHz Cellular
1
3
3
4
6
6
7
9
9
1
1
0
2
3
3
3
3
6
6
6
7
1
5
7
9
9
7
1
6
A B d B B d A A B
Channel
Numbers
A Band B Band A A B
1019 37 78 119 160 201 242 283 384 425 466 507 548 589 630 691 777
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 9 8
* * **
736
CDMA A-Band Carriers CDMA B-Band Carriers
* * **
* Requires frequency coordination with
non-cellular interferers
** Requires frequency coordination with
A-band carrier A band carrier
A Band Primary Channel 283
A Band Secondary Channel 691
B Band Primary Channel 384
B Band Secondary Channel 777
R li k 825 00MH +0 03MH *N Reverse link: 825.00MHz+0.03MHz*N
forward link: 870.00MHz+0.03MHz*N
Reverse link: 825 00MHz+0 03MHz*(N-1023)
Channel number? Channel number?
Center
frequency
Center
frequency
Reverse link: 825.00MHz+0.03MHz (N-1023)
Forward link: 870.00MHz+0.03MHz*(N-1023)
q y q y
CDMA Frequency Channel
A i t t 450 MH C ll l
Forward Link Forward Link
Assignment at 450 MHz Cellular
CDMA Frequency Channel
A i t t 450 MH C ll l Assignment at 450 MHz Cellular
Reverse
Link
Reverse
Link
Forward
Link
Forward
Link
CDMA PCS 1900 MHz Spectrum Usage p g
Guard Bands
Paired Bands
Licensed
Licensed
Unlicensed
Channel
Numbers
2
9
9
3
0
0
4
0
0
6
9
9
7
0
0
8
0
0
9
0
0
1
1
9
9
2
9
9
3
0
0
4
0
0
6
9
9
7
0
0
8
0
0
9
0
0
1
1
9
9
B
T
A
B
T
A
B
T
A
B
T
A
B
T
A
B
T
A
MTA BTA MTA MTA MTA MTA
Data Voice
0
9009000
9
0
9009000
9
A D B E F C A D B E F C
15 5 10 10 15 15 15 15 15 5 5 5 5 5
Forward link (i.e., cell site transmits)
Reverse link (i.e., mobile transmits)
1850
MHz
1910
MHz
1930
MHz
1990
MHz
Up link : 1850.00MHz+0.05MHz*N
Down link : 1930.00MHz+0.05MHz*N
Center
Frequency
Center
Frequency
Down link : 1930.00MHz 0.05MHz N
ZTEs Activities in CDMA ZTE s Activities in CDMA
In 1995, CDMA mobile telecommunication project was started
In November, 1999, ZTE signed the Agreement on CDMA R&D with
Q l
In 1995, CDMA mobile telecommunication project was started
In November, 1999, ZTE signed the Agreement on CDMA R&D with
Q l Qualcomm
In August, 2000, the first field trial was set up.
In September, 2000ZTE presented the first CDMA handset with UIM in
Qualcomm
In August, 2000, the first field trial was set up.
In September, 2000ZTE presented the first CDMA handset with UIM in
the world.
In J anuary, 2001, the first cdma2000-1x call was passed through in lab
InMarch 2001 ZTE cdma2000-1xrealizedtheintegratedtransmissionof
the world.
In J anuary, 2001, the first cdma2000-1x call was passed through in lab
InMarch 2001 ZTE cdma2000-1xrealizedtheintegratedtransmissionof In March, 2001, ZTE cdma2000 1x realized the integrated transmission of
voice, data & image.The data rate reach up to 153.6Kbps.
In 2003, ZTE first EV-DO all-IP trial network was set up.
In March, 2001, ZTE cdma2000 1x realized the integrated transmission of
voice, data & image.The data rate reach up to 153.6Kbps.
In 2003, ZTE first EV-DO all-IP trial network was set up.
ZTEA Famous CDMA Brand
PSTN/PLMN
ZTE A Famous CDMA Brand
BTSIS-95
Abis
E1
Um
MSC/VLR HLR/AUC
SC
Abis
BSCIS-95
Um
IS95
SC
Abis
Abis
BSC/ PCF (1X)
IP
Um
HA
WIN
BTSIS-95
2G/3G
Terminals
BSC/ PCF (1X)
Internet
Router Router
IS2000
E1
STM-1
Ethernet
OMC
BTS1X
E1
Abis
Router Router
IP
E1
STM-1
PDSN/FA BSC/ PCF (1X)
Ethernet
AAA
BTS1X
Server
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