UMTS Global Standard for 3G

Wireless Communication
Shariq Yasin
Sr. Manager (RNE)
3G Technologies (Guarantee) Ltd.
29
th
January, 2009
2
Central Asian CDMA Forum
Provide CDMA/WCDMA technology and development awareness,
training and related industry support in Central Asia through;
Training & HR Development Collaboration with Governments,
Regulatory Agencies, Operators, Academia, Professionals and
Manufacturers
Benchmarking of the Industry
Technical Audit of Networks & Services
Media and advocacy
Inter-active discussion portal
Roaming and specifications development (associate
membership of CDG)
Consultancies
Develop relationship with other Technology Development
Organizations
3
Accomplishments
Inter-active online portal
Region Telecom Industry News, Technology Information, Discussion Forum
& Job Postings
Series of CDMA awareness programs on FM radio network on CDMA
Technology
Trainings Conducted
Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan Operators & MOC/Regulator, INPT/WANA
Moroco, Afghan Telecom, PTCL, PTA, FAB, Diallog, HEC, UET Lahore,
IQRA University, DVcom, GIKI, IMS Peshawar, Telecard, Comsats etc.
Co-operation with other CDMA organizations like CDG, CDMAU, CCF,
GHRC and regional CDMA Forum such as Africa CDMA Forum
Bench marking & Audit of CDMA operators
Establishment of CDMA HR Development Centre.
Establishment of permanent Engineering Services Working Group (ESWG)
to resolve technical issues between CDMA operators
GHRC Initiative for Pakistan WLL Operators
Held Seminars on UMTS awareness and regulations in Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan and Pakistan
4
Sections
Multiple Access
IMT2000 Umbrella
Evolution Path
UMTS Services
UMTS Overview
Network Architecture
Codes and Channels
LTE Overview
UMTS Deployment and General Aspects
Multiple Access
6
Multiple Access Techniques
Multiple Access
To maximize the usage of scarce resource like
Frequency.
Three widely used techniques
Frequency Division Multiple Access
Time Division Multiple Access
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
Code Division Multiple Access
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FH-SS)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DS-SS)
IMT2000 Umbrella
8
ITU, IMT2000
ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
Specialized agency of UN.
Standardization of Telecommunication and allocation of Spectrum
The Telecommunication Standardization Sector, ITU-T
The Radiocommunication Sector, ITU-R
The Telecommunication Development Sector, ITU-D
IMT-2000 (International Mobile Telecommunications)
Defined by ITU for the Global Standard for 3
rd
Generation wireless
communications in 1999
Includes six radio interfaces as a part of the ITU-R M.1457
Recommendation:
WCDMA (UTRA-FDD)
CDMA2000
TD-CDMA and TD-SCDMA
EDGE
DECT
IP-OFDMA TDD WMAN (in 2007)
9
3GPP
3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project)
Created in Dec 1998, for the collaboration between
telecommunication associations to develop globally
acceptable 3G mobile phone system under the scope of
IMT-2000
Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for a 3G
Mobile System based on evolved GSM core networks and
the radio access technologies that they support (i.e.,
Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) both Frequency
Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD)
modes).
Evolution Path
11
Need for Evolution
Global Standard for cost effectiveness
New Services (Video Telephony)
Spectral Efficiency to accommodate more subscribers
More Throughput (more UL and DL requirements)
Global Roaming
Achieving Customer Expectations
Roadmap to Future Evolution
Vendor Support
EOM: (End of marketing) End of new order (1~2 Yr)
EOFS: (End of Full support) End of bug fixing (3 Yr)
EOS: (End of Service) End of Service Supporting (4 Yr)
12
Evolution of 3G: Data Rates
13
Timeline: UMTS and CDMA2000
14
Evolution of 3G
UMTS Services
16
Voice Call
Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) Voice Codec
Packet Switched (PS) Data
Reuses NAS layer of GPRS
Circuit Switched (CS) Data
Includes Sync / Async Data
Includes Group 3 Fax
Protocols the same as for GSM
Location Based Services (LBS)
Call Types
17
Multi- Services requires service classified QoS
Time-delay sensitivity
Service classified
18
Device Support
UMTS Overview
20
UMTS and W-CDMA
UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UMTS encompasses the entire mobile communication system,
including the two core networks, and up to three radio access
networks.
CS-Core
Network
UTRA-TDD
PS-Core
Network
UTRA-FDD
(WCDMA)
GSM/GPRS
Non-Access
Stratum (NAS)
Access
Stratum
21
Universal Mobile Telecommunication System/Wide-
band CDMA is a 3G, Direct Sequence CDMA-based
Radio Access Network (RAN), with chip rate of 3.84 Mcps.
Designed to be deployed under GSM/GPRS network.
WCDMA refers to the FDD Physical Layer and
the protocols that support it.
UTRAN refers to the UMTS/WCDMA Radio Access
network.
UMTS refers to the entire network.
What is UMTS/WCDMA?
22
The carrier frequency is designated by the UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency
Channel Number (UARFCN), where
F
center
= UARFCN * 200 KHz
UMTS/WCDMA Spectrum
23
UMTS/WCDMA Bandwidth
24
3GPP Standards
Release 99
FDD and TDD at 3.84 Mcps
Services as in GSM/GPRS
Support for Multicall
Location Services
Release 4
TDD at 1.28 Mcps
UTRA Repeater
Core Network Transport to IP
Non-transparent Real-Time
Facsimile
Release 5
UTRAN Transport to IP
IP Based Multimedia Services
A-GPS with Open Interface
for SMLC and RNC
HSDPA
HSDPA
Included in Release 5
Adaptive modulation and coding
Multiple codes allocation
Physical Layer HARQ
DL Rates as high as 10 Mbps
HSUPA
Release 6 & 7
New Channels Added (E-DCH)
New Physical Dedicated
Channels for UL and DL
UL Rates as high as 5.4 Mbps
HSPA Release 7+
Release 8
Long Term Evolution (LTE)
New Access Technology
based on OFDMA, CDMA
and TDMA
DL Rates as high as
100Mbps
UL Rates as high as 50Mbps
Network Architecture
26
UMTS Network Topology
27
WCDMA R5 Network Architecture
GSM /GPRS BSS
BTS
BSC
NodeB
RNC
PCU
UTRAN
SCP
SMS
SCE
HLR/AUC/HS
S
SGSN
CG
BG
GGSN
GPRS
backbone
MG
W
MG
W
VMSC Server
GMSC Server
IP/ATM Backbone
CS domain
PS
domain
Iu-CS
Iu-PS
IP backbone
MRFP
IMS domain
MGW
P-CSCF
S-CSCF
MGCF
MRFC
SS7
PSTN/PLMN
Internet,
Intranet
28
WCDMA RAN Architecture
RNS
RNC
RNS
RNC
Core Network
Node B
Node B
Node B Node B
Iu Iu
Iur
Iub
Iub
Iub Iub
Previous interfaces with new identities
New Interfaces like Iur
29
RL
NodeB
RB
RNC
RAB
CN
UE
RL: Radio Link
RB: Radio Bearer
RAB: Radio Access Bearer
Link Types
30
UE Modes of Connection
Idle Mode
(No active Connection)
Cell_DCH
CS and PS Call connected
with handover
Cell_FACH
PS Connected with Cell
Update
Cell_PCH
PS Dormant with Cell Update
URA_PCH
PS Dormant with URA Update
Codes and Channels
32
OVSF Codes: Orthogonal Codes
Gold Codes: Spreading Codes
DL PSC: 512, SSC: 7680
UL Scrambling Codes: 16.8 million
Codes in UMTS/WCDMA
33
OVSF codes (Walsh) are completely orthogonal and their mutual correlation is zero.
SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4
Cch,1,0 = (1)
Cch,2,0 = (1,1)
Cch,2,1 = (1,-1)
Cch,4,0 =(1,1,1,1)
Cch,4,1 = (1,1,-1,-1)
Cch,4,2 = (1,-1,1,-1)
Cch,4,3 = (1,-1,-1,1)
OVSF & Walsh
34
Purpose of OVSF
Downlink SF of typical service
Typical service Data rate Downlink
SF
AMR 12.2, kbps 128
VP 64kbps 32
144kbps 144kbps 16
384kbps 384kbps 8
HSDPA 14.4mbps for one cell 16
35
Physical Layer Procedures
36
Traffic ChannelTCH
Control ChannelCCH
Dedicated Traffic Channel DTCH
Common Traffic Channel CTCH
Broadcast Control Channel BCCH
Paging Control Channel PCCH
Dedicated Control Channel DCCH
Common Control Channel CCCH
UMTS Logical Channel
37
Broadcast Channel BCH
Forward Access Channel FACH
Paging Channel PCH
Random Access Channel RACH
Dedicated Channel DCH
DCH includes uplink and downlink
Common transport
channel
Dedicated transport
channel
UMTS Transport Channel
38
Channel Mapping
39
Node B
UE
P-CCPCH- Primary Common Control Physical Channel
SCH Synchronous Channel
P-CPICH Primary Common Pilot Channel
S-CPICH Secondary Common Pilot Channel
Cell broadcast channels
DPDCH Dedicated Physical Data Channel
DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel
Dedicated channel
Paging channel
PICH Paging Indicator Channel
S-CCPCH Primary Common Control Physical Channel
PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
AICH Acquisition Indicator Channel
Random access channel
HS-DPCCH High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel
HS-SCCH High Speed Shared Control Channel
HS-PDSCH High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel
High speed downlink shared channel
Functions of Physical Channel
LTE Overview
41
Long Term Evolution
The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has
approved the functional freeze of LTE (Long Term
Evolution) as part of 3GPP Release 8 - 11
th
December
2008
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has
been selected for the Downlink and Single Carrier-
Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) for the
Uplink. The Downlink will support data modulation
schemes QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM and the Uplink will
support BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK and 16QAM.
Supports MIMO and SMART Antenna technology
42
LTE Performance Requirement
Metric Requirement
Peak Data Rates DL: 100 Mbps
UL: 50 Mbps
(for 20MHz spectrum)
Mobility Support Up to 500kmph
Optimized to 0 to 15kmph
User Plane Latency <5ms
Control Plane Capacity >200 users per cell
(for 5MHz spectrum)
Coverage
(Cell Size)
5 ~ 100km with slight
degradation after 30km
Spectrum Flexibility 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 MHz
43
LTE Logical Channels
Control Channel
Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)
Paging Control Channel (PCCH)
Common Control Channel (CCCH)
Multicast Control Channel (MCCH)
Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)
Traffic Channel
Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)
Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH)
44
LTE Transport Channels
Downlink Channels
Broadcast Channel (BCH)
Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH)
Paging Channel (PCH)
Multicast Channel (MCH)
Uplink Channels
Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH)
Random Access Channel (RACH)
45
LTE Entities
Evolved NodeB (eNB)
Evolved Radio Access Network (eRAN)
Serving Gateway (SGW)
Mobility Management Entity (MME)
Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN GW)
46
LTE Advance
ITU has introduced a term IMT-Advanced for
mobile systems beyond IMT-2000 scope.
In June 2008, 3GPP held two workshops on
Requirements for Further Advancements for
E-UTRA
IMT-Advanced 3GPP RAN working on LTE-
Advanced
UMTS Deployment and
General Aspects
48
UMTS Global Facts
WCDMA Subscribers 351m
HSPA Subscribers 79m
HSPA Devices >1000
UMTS Deployments 260 in 105 countries
HSDPA Deployments 230 in 90 countries
UMTS Forum 26 Jan 2009
49
Regional Status
Middle East and North Africa
Saudi Arabia,
Kuwait, Oman,
Bahrain,
Yemen, UAE,
Qatar
Egypt, Libya,
Algeria,
Morocco,
Turkey, Iran,
Iraq and
Afghanistan
SAARC Central Asia
India,
Bangladesh,
Maldives,
Bhutan,
Afghanistan,
Sri Lanka.
Nepal
Kyrgyzstan,
Armenia,
Georgia,
Tajikistan,
Uzbekistan,
Mongolia
50
UMTS Vendors
Ericsson
Huawei
LG
Alcatel-Lucent
Motorola
Nokia Siemens Network
Samsung
NEC
Nortel Networks
ZTE
51
Pakistan
T&T
1962
Two
AMPS
Cellular
Licenses
1989
Paging
License
1990
Card Payphone
Licenses
1991
01
st
GSM
License
1992
Paging
Licenses
1993
DNOP/VAS
Licenses,
1994
Telecom Sector
Reorganisation
1994
Onward
s
PTCL WLL
1994
PTCL gets
GSM License
1999 Launch of
New
Mobile/WLL/
LDI
Companies
2004
Onwards
PTCL
Privatisation
2005
Onwards
1947
Post and
Telegraph
Dept
Pakistan
IT Policy
2000
Deregulation
of state
monopoly
2002
Onwards
2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.1 4.0 4.6
6.3 7.0
11.0
35.0
45.0
54.0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Road to Deregulation Competition
52
MOITT (Ministry of IT and Telecoms)
Generation of Policy, and Oversight on PTA, FAB, PSEB, USF,ICT R&D Fund and PTCL.
PTA (Pakistan Telecom Authority)
Regulates the establishment, operation and maintenance of telecommunication systems
Responsible for promoting & development of telecommunication systems and services
FAB (Frequency Allocation Board)
Allocates radio frequency spectrum to the Government, providers of telecommunication
services, radio and television broadcasting operators, public and private wireless operators
and others
Separate from, but reporting to (at least in theory) PTA.
NTC (National telecommunication Corporation)
Limited mandate to provide services to the Government
SCO (Special Communications Organization)
Limited mandate to provide services to Azad Kashmir
Pakistan Government
Telecommunication Bodies
53
UMTS in Pakistani Scenario
At least two licenses were committed for auction
in IM issued by MoIT. (Each of 10 MHz)
PTA and FAB has to clear the 3G spectrum in
2.1GHz band by the end of 2006.
Delays due to:
Reluctance of Operators
Economic and Political Conditions of Pakistan
Declining ARPU
Un-identified Killer Application
Question & Answers
55
References
WCDMA(UMTS) Overview, QUALCOMM UMTS University.
WCDMA for UMTS: Radio Access for Third Generation
Mobile Communications, H. Holma and A. Toskla, Second
Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2002.
HSDPA: Protocol and Physical Layer, Qualcomm UMTS
University.
HSUPA:Protocol and Physical Layer, Qualcomm UMTS
University.
LTE Technical Overview (whitepaper) Motorola
UMTS Forum (www.umts-forum.org)
UMTS World (www.umtsworld.com)
Thank You
Shariq Yasin
shariq@3gca.org