Design of Step down Transformer:-

The following information must be available to the designer before he

commences for the design of transformer.
1) Power Output.
2) Operating Voltage.
3) Freuenc! "ange.
#) $fficienc! and "egulation.
Size of core
%i&e of core is one of the first considerations in regard of weight and
volume of transformer. This depends on t!pe of core and winding
configuration used. 'enerall! following formula is used to find area or si&e
of core.
P
1
Ai = -----------
0.87
(i ) (rea of cross * section in %. cm. and
P
1
) Primar! voltage.
+n transformer P
1
) P
2
For our pro,ect we reuired -.v/01.1/11.v regulated output. %o transformer
secondar! rating is 12va
%o secondar! power wattage is/
P
2
) 1...w
)
1...
So Ai = 0.87
) 11#3.#2w
'enerall! 1.4 of area should be added to core to accommodate all turns for
low +ron losses and compact si&e.
%o (i ) 0.1135
Turns per volt
Turns per volt of transformer are given b! relation
10,000
Trns ! "o#t = -----------------------
$.$$ f %m Ai
6ere/
f is the freuenc! in 6&
7m is flu8 densit! in 9b:m
2
(i is net area of cross section.
Following table gives the value of turns per volt for -. 6& freuenc!.
Flu8 densit!
9b:m
2
1.1# 1..1 ..31 ..03 ..51
Turns per volt #.:(i #-:(i -.:(i --:(i 1.:(i
'enerall! lower the flu8 densit! better be ualit! of transformer.
For pro,ect for -. 6
&
the turns per Volt for ..31 9b:m
2
from above table.
Turns per Volt = 50 / Ai
-.
) 0.1135
1.13
Thus for Primar! winding ) 22. 8 1.13 ) 13#1.#3.
; for %econdar! winding ) 11. 8 1.13 ) 15#
)01.181.13) -3..#
) -.81.13)3.1.-
9ire si&e
(s stated above si&e depends upon the current to be carried out b! the
winding i.e.1.(/ according to chart 10 swg is used. For primar! 1.1 (:mm
2
or 2.# (:mm
2
ma! be used and 21 swg is used. 'enerall! even si&e guage of
wire are used.
<ore material used <"'O material/
+nsulation material plastic high grade and bobbin 7a2elite.