"Binge Eating Disorder Overview." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.

Binge eating disorder is a serious condition characterized by uncontrollable eating and a resulting weight
gain. People with binge eating disorder frequently eat large amounts of food while feeling a loss of
control over their eating. People with binge eating disorder usually do not engage in purging by
vomiting or using laxatives. Many people who have binge eating disorder use food as a way to cope with
uncomfortable feelings and emotions. Binge eating disorder affects almost 3% of U.S. adults over their
lifetimes. Among mildly obese people in self-help or commercial weight loss programs, 10% to 15% have
binge eating disorder. The disorder is more common in people ages 18 to 59, and even more prevalent
in those with severe obesity.

"Anorexia Nervosa Center: Symptoms, Treatments, Tests, and Effects on the Body."WebMD. WebMD,
n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. <http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/anorexia-nervosa/default.htm>.

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder in which people have an intense fear of gaining weight and can
become dangerously thin. Signs of anorexia include less than normal weight, negative body image, and
obsession with food. The causes of anorexia include, extreme dieting, genetics, cultural and social
pressures. Tests for anorexia include, medical history, physical exam, screening questions, mental health
assessment, blood tests, and x-rays. Anorexia usually starts in the teen years. It's much more common in
females than males. Early treatment can be very effective. But if not treated early, anorexia can become
a lifelong problem. Untreated anorexia can lead to starvation and serious health problems, such as bone
thinning (osteoproisis), kidney damage, and heart problems. Some people die from these problems.

"Bulimia Nervosa-Topic Overview." WebMD. WebMD, 03 Jan. 0000. Web. 12 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/bulimia-nervosa/bulimia-nervosa-topic-overview>.

People with bulimia will eat a large amount of food in a short time (binge). Then they will do something
to get rid of the food (purge). They may vomit, exercise too much, or use medicines like
laxatives. People who have bulimia may binge because food gives them a feeling of comfort. But eating
too much makes them feel out of control. After they binge, they feel ashamed, guilty, and afraid of
gaining weight. This causes them to purge. People may be more likely to have bulimia if, Other people in
your family are obese or have an eating disorder, You have a job or do a sport that stresses body size,
such as ballet, modeling, or gymnastics, You are the type of person who tries to be perfect all the time,
never feels good enough, or worries a lot, You are dealing with stressful life events, such as divorce,
moving to a new town or school, or losing a loved one.

News, ABC. "Thigh Gap: New Teen Body Obsession?" ABC News. ABC News Network, 25 Mar. 2013.
Web. 13 Mar. 2014. <http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2013/03/25/thigh-gap-new-teen-body-
obsession/>.

Social Media sites such as, Facebook and Twitter have devotees who flood the zone with images of thigh
gaps, bony collarbones and confidence-crushing messages disguised as inspiration for staying
thin. Some of the most popular pictures showcase very thin girls with protruding hip bones and a thigh
gap. According to teen psychologist Barbara Greenberg, statistics show that 80 percent of girls dislike
their bodies by the time they are 17 years old. That, combined with a tendency to overshare, makes
teen girls vulnerable to even the most subtle messages.A quick online search brings up page after page
of thigh gap inspiration photos and supporters. Experts say the images alone can lead to self-destructive
behavior, especially since the thigh gap is, for most girls, an unrealistic standard of beauty.

MacVean, Mary. "Scientists Report Finding Gene Mutations Connected to Eating Disorders."Los Angeles
Times. Los Angeles Times, 09 Oct. 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.
<http://articles.latimes.com/2013/oct/09/news/la-sn-eating-disorders-20131008>.

Scientists have discovered two gene mutations that they believe are associated with an increased risk of
eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia often run in families, but these eating disorders are
complex, and it has proved difficult to identify the paths. But, using two families with very high
incidences of eating disorders, scientists say they found rare mutations, one in each family, that were
associated with the people who had the disorders. The study suggests that mutations that decrease the
activity of a protein that turns on the expression of other genes called a transcription factor increase
the risk. That transcription factor is estrogen-related receptor alpha, or ESRRA. The researchers said they
planned to study the genes further in mice to learn what they are doing in the brain, as well as to study
other people with eating disorders.
Dunning, Jennifer. "Eating Disorders Haunt Ballerinas." The New York Times. The New York Times, 15
July 1997. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. <http://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/16/arts/eating-disorders-haunt-
ballerinas.html>.
Michelle Warren and Linda Hamilton did an intervention with New York Ballet dances stuggling with
anorexia. Dance is a highly competitive, high-pressure and physically demanding profession. In classical
ballet, there is popularly believed to be an ideal ''Balanchine'' body type for women, with the jobs going
to tall, slender women with long necks, long legs and short torsos. The problem of eating disorders has
created a minor industry of nutritionists and therapists specializing in dancers' emotional and physical
problems. Despite increasingly sophisticated methods, however, eating disorders in ballet remain
extremely difficult to treat.

Park, Alice, and Alice Park. "How Social Networks Spread Eating Disorders | TIME.com."Time. Time, n.d.
Web. 14 Mar. 2014. <http://healthland.time.com/2011/01/07/how-social-networks-spread-eating-
disorders/>.
Teens are undeniably influenced by those around them, and by what they see on social media from
television to the internet. y comparing rates of eating disorders, a condition highly subject to social
influences, among the girls, the team determined that those exposed to television were 60% more likely
to display abnormal eating habits than those without such exposure. While not entirely surprising
previous studies have documented the adverse health impact that mass media has on body image
among girls in developed nationsthe data are the first to demonstrate how saturating the effects of
mass media can be. The researches behind this article proved that girls exposed to media were more
likely to develop eating disorders.

Pearson, Catherine. "Fashion And Eating Disorders: How Much Responsibility Does Industry Have?" The
Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 13 Sept. 2011. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/13/fashion-eating-disorders-industry-
responsibility_n_955497.html>.
According to the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, nearly 70 percent
of girls in grades five through 12 said magazine images influence their ideals of a perfect body. In so-
called "pro-anorexia" forums, posters write about watching fashion shows and combing magazines for
"thinspiration." Yet little hard data exists about whether or not the ubiquity of ultra-thin models causes
people outside the industry to develop disordered eating or full-blown eating disorders. The National
Institute of Health estimates the lifetime prevalence of anorexia and bulimia is 0.6 percent of the U.S.
adult population, but among 13- to 18-year-olds, it is 2.7 percent. There are numerous risk factors,
including being female, age (eating disorders are most common in the teens and early 20s), family
history and influence, as well as the presence of additional mental health issues.

"Media, Body Image, and Eating Disorders | National Eating Disorders Association." Media, Body Image,
and Eating Disorders | National Eating Disorders Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.
<https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/media-body-image-and-eating-disorders>.
Mass media provides a significantly influential context for people to learn about body ideals and the
value placed on being attractive.Over 80% of Americans watch television daily. On average, these
people watch over three hours per day.American children engage in increasing amounts of media use, a
trend fueled largely by the growing availability of internet access through phones and laptops. On a
typical day, 8 18-year-olds are engaged with some form of media about 7.5 hours. Numerous
correlational and experimental studies have linked exposure to the thin ideal in mass media to body
dissatisfaction, internalization of the thin ideal, and disordered eating among women.

Nordqvist, Christian. "Fashion Model Scouts Target Girls With Eating Disorders As They Leave A
Clinic." Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, 21 Apr. 2013. Web. 12 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/259412.php>.
he sick girls, who go into the clinic for treatment for a range of eating disorders,
including anorexia nervosa and bulimianervosa, are of interest to at least one Swedish modeling agency,
which seems to find their emaciated bodies ideal for their recruitment campaigns. Staff say modeling
talent scouts have been preying on the sick girls outside the eating disorder clinic for over twelve
months. Some countries are taking steps to stop extremely thin women from appearing in promotional
campaigns, catwalks and other marketing initiatives.

Book

Hill, Jeff. Eating Disorders. Farmington Hills: Gale CENAGE Learning, 2013. Print.
This book evaluated the conflicting issues surrounding nutrition and healthy living. The brief overview of
this book described eating disorders being split in two main groups; anorexia nervosa and bulimia
nervosa. It also discussed the modern disorders with ancient roots. For an example there are accounts
of people purposefully denying themselves food as early as A.D. 400. Age group was also a big issue in
this book, stating that eating disorders are mainly found in young women that are influenced by
societies pressures. What was more intriguing about Eating Disorders is that it showed a diagram of
what body parts anorexia affects, which is mainly the entire body.