Name: ___________________________________ Date: ___________________

Year/Section: _____________________________ Score: __________________

ACTIVITY 2: IN AND OUT

Objective:
 Relate the volcano’s slope to its material emissions

Materials:
two ¾ cups of cornstartch
two ¼ cups of water
1 cup gravel
3 cardboard pieces
three 250 mL paper or plastic cups
stirrer
ruler

Procedure:
1. Make a data table like the one shown below.
Table 1. Volcano model and slope
Cone Drawing of Cone Describe the Slope of the Cone
A.Cornstarch
B. Gravel
C. Mixed
2. Mix ¾ cup of cornstarch with ¼ cup of water in a paper or plastic cup. Stir the mixture well until
it thickens.
3. Pour the mixture on a piece of cardboard from a height of 2-3 cm. write “cone A” on the
cardboard and set it aside.
4. Fill another cup with gravel. Pour the gravel slowly on the second piece of cardboard from a
height of about 10 cm. label this model “cone B” and set it aside.
5. In a cup, mix the rest of the cornstarch with the rest of the water. Fill the other paper cup with
gravel. Pour a small amount of the cornstarch mixture on the third piece of cardboard, then
pour some gravel on top. Repeat until all the cornstarch mixture and gravel have been used.
Label this model “cone C” and set it aside until the mixtures in both cone A and C have
hardened (about 20 min).
6. Draw the cone of volcanoes A, B, and C.
Guide Questions:
1. Compare the appearances of the cones.
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2. Which volcano has the greatest slope? Which has the least slope?
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3. Explain how the type of material extruded from a volcano affects the shape of its cone.
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4. In what way does the formation of a volcanic cone model differ from a real volcano?
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