ACTIVITY 5

IN AND OUT
Objective:

 Relate the volcano’s slope to its material emissions

Materials:

 Two ¾ cups of cornstarch

 Two ¼ cups of water
 1 cup gravel
 3 cardboard pieces
 Three 250 ml paper or plastics cups
 Stirrer (any wooden stick)
 Ruler
 Protractor

Procedure:

1. Open and view this link. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-lbySBVqfI

2. Make a data table like the one shown below

Table 3. Volcano model and slope

Cone Drawing of cone Slope (in degrees)
A- cornstarch
B- gravel
C- mixed

3. Mix ¾ cup of cornstarch with ¼ cup of water in a paper or plastic cup. Stir the mixture well until it thickens.
4. Pour the mixture on a piece or cardboard from a height of 2-3 cm. Write “cone A” on the cardboard and set
it aside.
5. Fill another cup with gravel. Pour the gravel slowly on the second piece of cardboard from a height of about
10 cm. Label this model “cone B” and set it aside.
6. In a cup, mix the rest of the cornstarch with the rest of the water. Fill the other paper cup with gravel. Pour
small amount of the cornstarch mixture on the third piece of cardboard, then pour some gravel on top.
Repeat until all the cornstarch mixture and gravel have been used. Label this model “cone C” and set it aside
until the mixtures in both cone A and cone B have hardened (about (20min).
7. Draw the cone of volcanoes A, B and C.
8. Use the protractor to measure the approximate slope of each cone. You can measure the slope from the base
as shown on the next page.

Guide Questions:

Q18. Compare the appearance of the cones.

Q19. Which volcano has the greatest slope? Which has the least slope?
Q20. Explain how the type of material extruded from a volcano affects the shape of its cone.
Q21. In what way does the formation of a volcanic cone model differ from a real volcano?

Write your answer in one whole sheet of paper. To be submitted on the next meeting.