Artist2 Ima Itier

ARTIST2 - Integrated Modular Avionics A380
A380 Integrated Modular Avionics

The history, objectives and challenges of the deployment of IMA on A380
ARTIST2 IMA & ADCN
Presented by
Jean-Bernard ITIER
STP Manager IMAP
ARTIST2 - Integrated Modular Avionics A380 Page 2
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Presentation Topics and Scope
To explain what IMA is and its background
To explain how IMA has been deployed on the A380
ADCN
Modules
The Future of IMA
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Why IMA?
Since the A300
Increasing number of software controlled systems
New functionality for performance
Flight management systems
Fuel management systems
New functionality for improved safety
Flight envelope protection
Ground proximity warning
Traffic collision avoidance
New functionality for improved maintenance
Aircraft condition monitoring
New functionality for improved passenger comfort
Cabin environment control
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Why IMA?
The Indirect Consequences
Every system = 1 or more computers / controllers
Every aircraft type = new computers
Every computer =
Airframer development and management costs
Part number costs
Documentation
More wires
More power
More sources of unreliability
Increased obsolescence risk
Airline impact
Spares
Tooling
Increased fault finding
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Why IMA? Traditional LRU
This implies that quantities of maintenance spares be
stored for each fleet at different places.
During the aircraft life cycle, the cost of modifications,
including parts obsolescence mitigation and functional
upgrades, becomes even more significant for the airlines.
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Why IMA? Traditional LRU
Each computer type is
uniquely designed for
the system and aircraft
Application software
e.g. fuel control
Hardware PCBs
Operating System
Manufactured by
system supplier
Digital and single wire control
Information to other computers
Dedicated wiring for
each connection
100s km cabling per
aircraft
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Number of
electronic
equipment
80
60
40
20
100
Why IMA?
Functionality
(arbitrary log scale)
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
10
4
10
3
10
2
10
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B
2000 2005
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10
5
A380
with
IMA
Historical background for the emergence of IMA
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Why IMA?
The response
Integrated Modular Avionics
Concept
Not a specific set of technologies or components
Integration =
Multiple systems applications executed on the same computer
Data communications integrated onto a high speed multiplexed
network
Modularity =
A set of standard non system specific computers
Computers that can be configured to provide part of their
resources to a particular system application
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What is IMA?
IMA Variations / Proprietary Solutions ?
Avionics network
ARINC 429
ARINC 629
AFDX
Avionics computers
Cabinet of modules, backplane, gateways
Honeywell AIMS
Cabinet of cards
Honeywell Primus EPIC
Independent modules as LRUs
Honeywell VIA
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What is IMA?
Cabinet of modules
Functionality split between modules:
Power Supply Modules, Gateways, Processing, IO
Inter module communications backplane
ARINC 653 Operating System
Originally ARINC 629
Single supplier . for everything
Boeing 777
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What is IMA?
Card File
Semi open architecture third party hardware
Processing, IO and gateway cards
Proprietary DEOS Operating System
Proprietary backplane
Business and Regional Jets
Embraer, Raytheon, Dornier
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What is IMA?
Independent Modules as LRU
Derivative of AIMS repackaging
Provides processing, IO and PSU in one package
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What is A380 IMA?
Since mid 80s the former Airbus partners have done research on
IMA for their systems (PACTS, IDEE3, NEVADA, PAMELA,
VICTORIA)
With the objective to merge different system design approaches and
different procurement approaches
Closed loop control systems, data management and processing systems
Safety critical and non safety critical
Software only functions to full multi-domain systems like fuel
Complete design in house, integration of components to fully outsourced
Therefore the IMA solution had to:
Be suitable for different types of systems (I/O needs / Performances /
Safety )
Be suitable for a large number of systems and their suppliers to allow
real competition
Compartmentalised to allow parallel developments to be managed
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Federated
architectures
LRU black box
disp
lay
actuators
sensors
LRUs
sensors
actuators
Multi-transmitter
bus network
display
LRU
A629
CABINET
What is A380 IMA?
Integrated Modular
Avionics
MODULE
AFDX NETWORK
CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGIES EVOLUTIONS CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGIES EVOLUTIONS
CDS
R2
CDS
L2
FCGU1AFCGU1B
PRIM1
SEC1 SFCC1
ADIRU1
FCGU2A FCGU2B
PRIM2
SEC2 SFCC2
ADIRU2
FCGU3A FCGU3B
PRIM3
SEC3
IOM 1
IOM 3
FM1
EEC2 A
B
EEC4 A
B
CDS
L1
IOM 2
IOM 4
FM2
EEC1 A
B
EEC3 A
B
CDS
R1
CDS
C1
CDS
C2
CDS
R3
CDS
L3
FM3 ADIRU3 CMV
CPIOM-C1
CPIOM-D1
ACR 1
AESU 1
IOM 5
IOM 7
CPIOM-C2
AESU 2
IOM6
IOM 8
CPIOM-F2
CPIOM-F4
CPIOM-G2
CPIOM-G4
CPIOM-E2
SPDB 4
CPIOM-F1
CPIOM-F3
CPIOM-G1
CPIOM-G3
CPIOM-E1
SPDB 1
SPDB 3
ECB
SPDB 7
CIDS1
SDS1
CPIOM-A2
CPIOM-A3
CPIOM-B2
CPIOM-B3
SPDB 6
SPDB 8
CPIOM-A1
CPIOM-A4
CPIOM-B1
CPIOM-B4
CDAM
CIDS1
SDS1
OSCU
DSMS
18+2FT
16+2FT
18+2FT
18+2FT
13+1FT
18+2FT
SW-11
SW-1
SW-12
SW-2
SW-19
SW-9
SW-14
SW-4
SW-13
SW-3
SPDB 5
SPDB 2
SEPDC1
SEPDC2
SW-15
SW-5
SW-17
SW-7
SW-16
SW-6
SCI
15+2FT
15+2FT
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What is A380 IMA? - Airbus Concept
IMA shared resources are:
the avionics communications network: the solution selected is AFDX
(Avionics Full Duplex Ethernet), fully compatible with Ethernet network
of Open World and based on common switch modules
Modules, i.e. Core Processing & Input / Output Modules or CPIOM,
Input/ Output Modules or IOM, ,...) for hosting of several applications
and signal acquisition/transmission
SW
applic
SW
applic
AFDX network
A429,
discretes ,
analog
CPIOM
O/S
IOM
Other
systems
or equip
t
Other
systems
or equip
t
IOM
28VDC network
(Norm /
Ess )
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What is A380 IMA? Airbus Concept
The AIRBUS IMA concept is based on shared Modules. A module-
focused approached has been preferred compared with the previous
concept of Cabinet. Its key features are:
ARINC 600 IMA Module packaging connected to AFDX network
Robust partitioning in computing resource & communications
Determinism of application execution & data exchanges
Standardised Application Programming Interface (API) to avoid
obsolescence impacts on applications
Conventional equipments mixable
Resource sharing has a direct impact on the way to design and
implement systems since it creates new dependencies between them,
both from a technical and a process point of view.
This concept has been selected as the baseline for systems design on
Cockpit, Utility, Energy and Cabin domains and extended globally on
all the domains.
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What is A380 IMA? - ADCN Network & Topology
Engines
Cabin
Fuel&LG
Energy
Cockpit
Flight
Control
AESU1
EEC1
EEC2
FCSC1
COM MON
FCSC2 FCGC2
FCGC3
SFCC2
COM MON COM MON
SFCC1
FCGC1
ADIRU1
ADIRU3
ADIRU2
FM3
FM2 FM1
FW2
FCDC2
FW1
FCDC1
AESU2
ACR2 opt
SCI
L1 L2
R2 R1
C2 R3
C1
SW13
IOM
ELM
CBM
SB24
ELM
CBM
SB24
Fuel
COM MON
Fuel
LG,TP&BS
COM MON
CIDS
CPIOM-B-1&2
CIDS
CPIOM-A-3&4 CPIOM-B-
3&4
IRDC
COM MON
LG,TP&BS
COM MON
COM MON COM MON COM MON
IOM
ACR1
SCI
CPIOM-A-1&2
PESC
SPDB
IPCU
SPDB
VSC
PWCU
IRDC
DSMC1&2
DSMC3
ext lights
ctrl
IPCU
ECB
HSM
AIC?
HSM
AIC?
COM MON
FCSC3 TBC
COM MON
L3
IOM
IOM
CDAM
ATC1
ATC2
A
A
B
B
EEC3
EEC4 A
B
B
A
S_2
_1
S_3
_1
S_4
_1
S_1
_1
S_3
_2
S_4
_2
S_1
_2
S_2
_2
S_1
_3
AFDX Network:
100 Mbits
Redundant Network (A&B)
with independent
alimentation
AFDX switches = 2 x 8
NB of ports (connections)
possible on each switch (20-
24)
MTBF of the switch is very
high (100 000 hours
expected)
Up 80 AFDX subscriber
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AFDX - Generality
Freedom of choice for data format (harmonized at aircraft level)
Integration of LRU, IOM (Input Output Module) & CPIOM (Core Processing
Input Output Module)
Appli
B
1 partition
E/S
LRU
E/S
Appli
B
partition 1
Appli
C
partition 2
Appli
D
partition 3
CPIOM
ADCN
Technology based on COTS standards
E/S
IOM
ARINC 600: 2 MCU
Switching table defined through
configuration
Traffic policing (enforcement of
allocated bandwidth)
QUADRAX Connectors
E/S
LRU
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AFDX technology Addressing : MAC,IP,UDP
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Appli
B
1 partition
E/S
1
2
E/S
Appli
C
partition 1
(RAM ; CPU)
Appli D Appli E
partition 2
(RAM ; CPU)
1
2
Appli
A
1 partition
E/S
1
2
Avionics communications are based on multicast:
one transmitter
one or several receivers
Asynchrony individual clocks
NO reconfiguration capability in the AFDX network
Alt = 10 000 ft
UDP SRC / UDP DEST IP SRC / IP DEST MAC SRC / MAC DEST
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AFDX: Performances
Does AFDX sustain expected real time performance:
Yes: real time performances were really challenging, both on the
ES and the switch (ES wire speed reception ie 200 Mbits/s ; switch
wire speed switching, with only bottleneck on output buffer).
Packet loss percentage:
0 % in the switch by definition (a configuration where the switch
cannot guarantee that no frames are lost is not schedulable and
thus not produced)
Nevertheless frame may be lost due to
Bit error rate (target 10-8)
Failures
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What is A380 IMA ? - AFDX Network use
System Team
Data base
NCD : VL & Paths
Confcheck determinism OK
Confgen Create configuration
Loads
Switches Datalaoding
Switches Configuration process:
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What is A380 IMA?
Impact on the system development process = Risks
At the component level:
IMA developed before system > requirements mismatch
Maturity of IMA components > impacts multiple systems
Technical capability > impacts multiple systems
At the Industrial level:
Management > Dedicated trans-national IMA team
Procurement >
Arbitration process,
Contractual resources,
Change in supplier business model
Development > User Groups, Hot Lines, Bi-laterals
Certification
Support Process > Airbus
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What is A380 IMA?
Pre launch
Partner activity to review available solutions and proposals
Many suppliers example Smiths, Honeywell, Rockwell Collins, Thales, Diehl,
BAe Systems
Front runner - Cabinet / rack + ARINC 629
Joint launch team to define the avionics solution
Architecture, scope, key technologies, supplier pre-selection
AFDX as the network
ARINC 629 future growth, cost ?
IMA computers as dedicated LRUs The Open Architecture solution
Multiple system suppliers
Scalable
Multiple IMA suppliers including Airbus make policy for key technology
System suppliers able to develop and integrate separately
Minimise the management and co-ordination activities to be performed by
Airbus focus on systems
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What is A380 IMA? - IMA integration perimeter
Utility
Fuel Measurement &
Management
Braking,
Steering,
Extension/Retraction,
Others (Tyre pressure,
etc.)
Cabin
Bleed,
Overheat Detection,
Supplemental Cooling
Cabin Pressure & Ventilation Control,
Air Conditioning
Cockpit
Flight Warning,
FCU Back-Up,
Weight & Balance Back-Up Computation
Flight Control Data Concentrator
Air Traffic Communication
Function on A380
Energy
Electrical Load Management,
Circuit Breaker Monitoring,
ATA 24 BITE
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IMA Modules
8 different part numbers / 30 modules of
CPIOM per chipset developed by 2 suppliers
AIRBUS (EYY):
Thales Avionics, associated with Diehl
Avionik System:
They host 21 avionics functions developed by
10 suppliers
1 single part number of IOM called IOM-A
All modules are ARINC600, 3 MCU box, around
4.2 kg, with 50 000 hours MTBF objectives
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What is A380 IMA ?
What makes IMA different ?
Standardised Software Environment
Application software is independent from the hardware
Like Windows
No direct access to I/O
Internal process control services
Health Monitoring services
Enables Obsolescence protection for system software
Software largest NRC element of systems
Production life = 20 years, Aircraft life = 50 years
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What is A380 IMA? - CPIOM
CPU MPC755
RAM
Flash
NVM
Intra LRM Communication
Power
Supply
Partitioning
Control
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-
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o
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A
6
1
5
A
A 653 Operating System Drivers
Boot
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AFDX
DSI / DSO /DGO
Interface
USB
PCI
DSI / DSO
USB
DSP
TMS320C33
+ internal
Ram
IO SW
I
n
s
t
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u
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n
t
a
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o
n
IO_Ext Board
DSI / DSO
Interface
AUDIO
Flash
DSI/DSO
DGI
IO_DSP Board
CPU Board
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AIRBUS API + Extensions AIRBUS API
BASIC SOFTWARE
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What is A380 IMA ?
What makes IMA different?
Partitioning
The performance of each system must be unaffected by any
other
To allow systems to be developed, tested and verified separately
To allow system faults to be contained
To allow new systems to be added post certification
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What is A380 IMA ?
Partitioning
Application
Software1
Application
Software 2
I/O
Memory
RAM
Processor
Time
Health
Monitors
I/O
Memory
RAM
Processor
Time
Health
Monitors
Resources with
performances
Partition environment AIRBUS UK LTD
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What is A380 IMA ?
Partitioning
Timing
Strict allocation to each system application
Periodic fixed scheduling at application level
No prioritisation at application level
Time
5 ms
15 ms
25 ms
12.5 ms
Application 1
Application 2
Application 3 Application 1
Application 3
AIRBUS UK LTD
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What is A380 IMA ?
Partitioning
Timing
Time
5 ms
15 ms
25 ms
12.5 ms
Application 1
Application 2
Application 3
AIRBUS UK LTD
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What is A380 IMA ?
Partitioning
Timing
Overruns are prevented partition is suspended
Time
5 ms
15 ms
25 ms
12.5 ms
Application 1
Application 2
Application 3
AIRBUS UK LTD
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MMU
What is A380 IMA ?
Partitioning
Memory
Segregated allocation to each application
Configuration is linked to design I.e. application accesses only the memory
configured for it
Violations detected and prevented by MMU
Application
Software 1
Module
Configuration
AIRBUS UK LTD
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What is A380 IMA ?
Partitioning
I/O
Segregated allocation to
each system application
Some shared input data
e.g. ARINC 429
All access is through OS
calls
Application
Software 1
Application
Software 2
CPIOM GLOBAL
CONFIGURATION
TABLE
ARINC 429 AFDX Discretes
Write sampling port( xx, value)
xx = A429
AIRBUS UK LTD
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What is A380 IMA ?
Partitioning enables:
System independence
Systems of different DAL(A,B,C) level can be developed at their
DAL level
Systems can be integrated and tested to separately
Incremental Qualification
Modifications to one application have no effect on other
applications
Qualification activities following a modification are limited
Configuration Parameters Partitioning and Configuration
IMA must be configurable
Resources Time, Memory and I/O
Implemented with Configuration Tables - loadable
Two groups of tables:
Tables managed by Airbus have a global effect
Tables managed by the Function Supplier only have a local partition
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What is A380 IMA?
Qualification of the module within a usage domain represented by
the set of configuration parameter ranges
Usage Domain
Represents guarantees on
Functionality
Performance e.g. service call times
For the range of configurations the module can be used in
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What is A380 IMA ? - IMA Modules Qualification
Qualification and system certification are major parts of IMA
The objective of the qualification approach is to give System
Suppliers credit to be used as part of their system certification
Based on credit
The function / system supplier takes credit from the qualification
activities of Module Manager and Module Supplier
Does not have to prove functionality, performance and behaviour of the
module.
Module Qualification
Configuration
Qualification
System
Supplier
Certification
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What is A380 IMA?
New Industrial Roles - the biggest change with IMA
Introduce a new role in system development
IMA Manager
Control the use of module resources
Provides resources against user system requirements
Maintain spares margins
Support the prediction and verification of resources
Provide resource configuration tables
Develop configuration tables
Perform confidence testing on the Integrated Module
Perform qualification activities for the module configuration
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Integration:
integration tests are performed
on HBOSS
again on HBOSS with instrumented code for structural
coverage analysis
then on TBOSS for target compatibility verification and for
providing certification evidences
Additional unit tests may be identified to achieve all
coverage objectives
The whole process is automated to ease non-regression
testing between HBOSS and TBOSS
What is A380 IMA ? - Avionics Functions
HBOSS
Software testing on
host stations
TBOSS
Software testing on
representative target
BIL
Function Verification
on Real Module
ARTIST2 - Integrated Modular Avionics A380
The future
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The future of IMA
A380 IMA reused on A400M/A350 :
Mature avionics hardware available immediately
NRCs, risks minimised
Next Aircraft IMA2G:
Extend the scope of IMA
Flight controls, Open world
Increase the flexibility of IMA Generic Secure Platform
Optimise the IMA architecture
Decentralised I/O / Smart sensors
Reconfiguration
Enable more systems to be integrated within IMA
High Critical to Low Critical
Enable greater levels of integration on single IMA units
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The future of IMA
Change in technologies:
AFDX :
greater bandwidth solutions,
low cost solutions
greater integration
All protocols supported
IMA
Cabinet, Card File ? all have advantages
Faster processors Multi-processor inevitable
New OS possibly, parallel for Open World
New Fields buses technologies ?
Tools - greater integration & Industrialisation
Platform Architecture definition
Avionics configuration
Application development, validation and verification
Fast ramp up Technologies choice for Resources industrialisation
Fast FAL Integration Auto test
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Number of
electronic
equipment
80
60
40
20
100
The future of IMA
Functionality
(arbitrary log scale)
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
10
4
10
3
10
2
10
1
C
o
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c
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d
e
A
3
0
0
B
2000 2005
A
3
8
0
A
3
1
0
A
3
2
0
A
3
3
0
A
3
4
0
-
6
0
0
10
5
A380
with
IMA
Future
A/C
Historical background for the emergence of IMA
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Thank you for your attention
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AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and
proprietary document.
This document and all information contained herein is the sole
property of AIRBUS S.A.S.. No intellectual property rights are
granted by the delivery of this document or the disclosure of
its content. This document shall not be reproduced or
disclosed to a third party without the express written consent
of AIRBUS S.A.S. This document and its content shall not be
used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied.
The statements made herein do not constitute an offer. They
are based on the mentioned assumptions and are expressed
in good faith. Where the supporting grounds for these
statements are not shown, AIRBUS S.A.S. will be pleased to
explain the basis thereof.
AIRBUS, its logo, A300, A310, A318, A319, A320, A321,
A330, A340, A350, A380, A400M are registered trademarks.

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ARTIST2 - Integrated Modular Avionics A380

A380 Integrated Modular Avionics

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