lnLroducLory AsLronomy

Week 7: Calaxles
Cllp 1: lnLroducuon: llndlng Lhe Mllky
Way
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Where Are We?
Callleo reallzed Mllky Way was
llghL of many dlsLanL sLars
Perschel 1783: SysLemaucally
counLs sLars ln dlerenL
dlrecuons: exLenL ls how many
he saw
no preferred dlrecuon: we are
near cenLer
lmproved counL by kapLeyn
1922 : spherold 8.31.7kpc.
Sun: (630,38)pc
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Shapley's ClusLers
Shapley 1917: used 88-Lyrae sLars Lo measure dlsLances Lo
globular clusLers: dlsLrlbuLed ln a sphere of radlus 100kpc
abouL a polnL 13kpc away ln Sagluarlus
none ln 10 zone of avoldance near Mllky Way
We know (1rumpler 1930):
kapLeyn lgnored lnLersLellar exuncuon so underesumaLed slze
and found Sun near cenLer
Shapley saw varlables buL lgnorlng exuncuon aurlbuLed dlmness
Lo dlsLance so overesumaLed
Sun ls abouL 8kpc from cenLer
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1hls Week
WhaL we know Loday abouL Lhe Calaxy
Pow we found lL ls noL Lhe unlverse
Calacuc SLrucLure, uynamlcs
Cosmlc Lxpanslon
uark Mauer
4
CredlLs
Mllky Way above vL1: ?url 8eleLsky (LSC)
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap110509.html
Herschels Universe: Harvard/CFA
https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~dfabricant/huchra/
2mass/images/herschel.jpg
Shapley Cluster Counts: Todd Timberlake/OSP
http://www.compadre.org/osp/items/detail.cfm?
ID=11211
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