Industrial Relations

Definition and Main Aspects

IR Relationship between management and
employees or among employees and their
organizations, that characterize or grow out of
employment.

Concerned with the systems, rules and
procedures used by unions and employers to
determine the reward for effort and other
conditions of employment, to protect the
interests of the employed and their employers,
and to regulate the ways in which employers
treat their employees.
Areas Cover under IR
Collective Bargaining
Role of Management, Unions, and
government.
Machinery for resolution of industrial disputes.
Individual grievances and disciplinary policy
and practice.
Labor Legislation
Industrial Relations Training.
Dominant Aspects of IR
Cooperation
Conflict
Causes of Industrial
Disputes
Economic
1. Division of the fruits of the Industry
Wage structure and demands for higher wages
Methods of Job-Evaluation
Deductions from wages
Incentives
Fringe Benefits
2. Methods of Production and Physical Working
Conditions
Working Conditions
Technology and Machinery
Layouts
Changes in Products
Cont
Terms of Employment
Hours of work, shift working,
promotion,demotion,layoff,
retrenchment,dismissal,job-security,retirement
etc.
Institutional
Recognition of unions
Membership of unions
Subjects of Collective Bargaining
Bargaining Unit
Union Security
Unfair Practices
Cont..
Psychological
Clash of Personalities
Behavioral Maladjustments
Authoritarian Administration
Lack of scope for self-expression and
Participation
Undue Emphasis on discipline
Denial of Legal and Contractual Rights
Non-implementation of labor laws and
regulations, standing orders, adjudication
rewards et al.
Violation of Collective Bargaining, Customer
rights et al.