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Jh xq#th dk ekxZn'kZu
ys[kd
MkW- ".k dqekj costk
izos'k
dksydkrk ls izdkf'kr nSfud ^vktdy* ds 9 twu] 1991 ds vad esa fu"Bkoku dE;qfuLV
cqf)thoh vkSj if'pe caxky ljdkj ds iwoZ fokea=h MkW- v'kksd fe= us ^^xk; dh dgkuh&xq#
dh dgkuh** 'kh"kZd ls ,d ys[k esa xksgR;kcanh vkanksyu dk mYys[k fd;k gSA 7 uoEcj] 1966
dks laln ekxZ ij gq, xksHkDrksa ds gR;kdk.M ds ckn ljdkj us ,d lfefr dk xBu fd;k FkkA
bl lfefr essa iqjh ds txn~xq# 'kadjkpk;Z] MkW- ';kek izlkn eq[kthZ ds T;s"B Hkzkrk U;k;ewfrZ jek
izlkn eq[kthZ vkSj Jh xq#th dks fo'ks"k :i ls 'kkfey fd;k x;k FkkA ;g mYys[k djrs gq, MkWv'kksd fe= us vius mijksDr ys[k esa fy[kk gS] ^^gesa lcls vf/kd vk'p;Z esa Mkyk Jh xq#th
usA
^^----mudh mxzrk ds fo"k; esa cgqr lquk FkkA----- jk"Vh; Lo;alsod la?k ds os izfr"Bk&iq#"k
,d lkFk gh va/kHkfDr rFkk xaHkhj vkrad ds Hkh dsUnz fcUnq FksA fdUrq esjh /kkj.kk, xyr fudyhaA
eSaus ik;k fd Jh xq#th vko';drk ls vf/kd ugha cksyrs FksA ;fn fdlh ds fopkj vkSj
vfHkO;fDr mUgsa ilan ugha gksrs Fks rks Hkh mlds izfr muds O;ogkj esa dksbZ varj ugha iM+rk FkkA
os Hkkjro"kZ dh izk;% lHkh Hkk"kk, tkurs FksA esjs lkFk os cxyk Hkk"kk esa cksyuk ilan djrs FksA
muds fo"k; esa esjh kj.kk ^fo"kor~* Fkh] fdUrq mudh fouezrk vkSj lkStU;rk us esjh lHkh
iwoZ/kkj.kkvksa dks lansg esa Mky fn;kA----- mDr lfefr dh cSBd esa Hkkx ysus os ftruh ckj vk,
eq>s dHkh mxz fn[kkbZ ugha fn,A bls Lohdkj djus esa eq>s dksbZ fgpd ugha gS fd muds O;ogkj
us eq>s eqX/k dj fy;k FkkA --------rc laHkor% eq>s ;g dYiuk ugha Fkh fd muls eq>s vHkh
vkSj Hkh eksfgr gksuk iM+sxkA
^^-------mijksDr lfefr ds Hkax gksus ds yxHkx ,d o"kZ ckn ,d la/;k le; ubZ fnYyh
jsyos LVs'ku ls nf{k.k ,Dlizsl ;k fdlh vU; Vsu }kjk eSa laHkor% Hkksiky tk jgk FkkA nks
'kkf;dkvksa okys dwis dh ,d 'kkf;dk ij eSa cSBk FkkA FkksM+h gh nsj esa nwljh 'kkf;dk ds ;k=h
vk,A os dksbZ vkSj ugha vfirq Lo;a Jh xq#th FksA mUgsa laHkor% >kalh tkuk FkkA ns[krs gh
mUgksaus eq>s vad esa Hkj fy;kA esjs LokLF; ds fo"k; esa iwNrkN dhA lfefr rFkk ns'k dh fofHkUu
leL;kvksa ds fo"k; esa dqN ppkZ dhA
^^-----os vR;ar uezrk ds izrhd FksA eSa vk;q esa muls NksVk FkkA ,d T;s"B Hkzkrk ls tks Lusg
fey ldrk gS] essjs izfr mudk O;ogkj mlls Hkh vf/kd Lusgiw.kZ FkkA
^^xkM+h py iM+hA /khjs&/khjs ckgj va/kdkj c<+us yxk FkkA ckr cUn gks xbZ FkhA dqN le;
ckn os vius czhQ dsl ls ,d if=dk fudkydj i<+us yxs FksA----- ;g esjs vkSj Hkh vk'p;Z
pfdr gksus dk le; FkkA lukru /keZ ds mxz /otk/kkjh jk"Vh; Lo;alsod la?k ds iz/kku iq#"k ds
laca/k esa esjh /kkj.kk Fkh fd os dksbZ /kkfeZd iqLrd ;k fgUnw n'kZu ds fo"k; esa dksbZ tfVy xzaFk
i<+ jgs gksaxsA fdUrq esjs vk'p;Z dk dksbZ fBdkuk ugha jgk tc eSaus ns[kk fd muds gkFk dh
iqLrd vejhdk ds gsujh feyj dk gky esa gh izdkf'kr miU;kl FkkA
^^------- cl! 'ks"k Lo;a le> ysaA lR; fNikus ls D;k ykHk\ ml le; Jh xq#th ds izfr
esjh J)k vkSj vf/kd c<+ xbZ-----A**1
Mk- v'kksd fe= ds bl vuqHko ds ckn Jh xq#th ds ckjs esa vkSj fVIi.kh ;k bldk Hkk";
djus dh dksbZ vko';drk izrhr ugha gksrhA bUgha Jh xq#th dk ^jk"Vh; vkinkvksa ds le;
ekxZn'kZu* bl iqfLrdk esa izLrqr djus dk ,d fouez iz;Ru fd;k x;k gSA
1- jk"V] ek-l-xksyoydj ^^Jh xq#th**] tkudh izdk'ku] ubZ fnYyh] fo- 2048 1992
vkewykxz ifjorZu
ljla?kpkyd cuus ds ckn i-iw- xq#th us vius LoHkko esa ;ksX; ifjorZu fd;kA fnukad 17
twu 1973 dks ukxiqj esa Jh xq#th dh rsjgoha ij fn, x, J)katfy Hkk"k.k esa r`rh; ljla?kpkyd
iwtuh; ckyklkgc nsojl bl fo"k; esa dgrs gSa] ^^ljla?kpkyd in dk Hkkj xzg.k djus ds ckn vR;Ur
J)k rFkk yxu ds lkFk os dk;Z esa tqV x,A muds LoHkko esa vkewykxz ifjorZu gks x;kA izkjEHk esa os
kskh LoHkko ds Fks] ijUrq la?k dk;Z izkjEHk djus ij mUgksaus viuk kskh LoHkko cny MkykA os ge
yksxksa ls dgrs Fks fd ;|fi os 'kh?kzdksih gSa rFkkfi nh?kZ}s"kh ugha gSaA**1
dgha dksbZ lw=c)rk Fkh gh ughaA gekjs ml vkUnksyu ds QyLo:i LojkT; vk;k] ,slk eq>s drbZ ugha
yxrkA**1
^lqfo[;kr osnewfrZ ia- Jhikn nkeksnj lkroysdj tc vkSak ds la?kpkyd Fks rc mUgksaus ^i=h
ljdkj* iz;ksx ds tud kafrohj Hkwfexr ukuk ikVhy dks dbZ fnuksa rd vius ?kj esa vkJ; fn;k FkkA
Jh ukuk ikVhy ds lg;ksxh Jh fdluohj Hkwfexr jgdj dk;Z djrs le; lkrkjk ft+ys esa okbZ uked
LFkku ij ogk ds la?kpkyd Jh nkksir
a xks[kys ds ;gk jgs FksA lqizfl) lektoknh usrk Jh vP;qrjko
iVokZu Hkwfexr dk;Z dh vko';drkuqlkj viuk eqdke cnyrs gq, Hkh vusd la?k Lo;alsodksa ds ?kjksa esa
gh jgs FksA ;gh ugha] la?k ls vkthou mxz }s"k j[kusokys xkkhoknh Jh lkus xq#th Hkh iq.ks la?kpkyd Jh
Hkklkgc ns'keq[k ds ?kj esa xqIr :i ls jgs FksA**2
ysuk pkfg,] Jh xq#th }kjk fy;k x;k ;g fu.kZ; le; dh dlkSVh ij [kjk mrjkA
vkSj gqvk Hkh oSlkA bl lc nkSM+wki ds le;] lkjh ifjfLFkfr dk fujh{k.k dj Lo;alsodksa dks
vfkd mRlkfgr djus ds fy, eSa ve`rlj esa dqN fnuksa ds fy, jgk FkkA dkfQyksa esa eSaus pDdj yxk;kA
rc eq>s ,sls O;fDr vkdj feys tks vkt cM+s&cM+s inksa ij vklhu gSaA mUgksaus izR;{k pj.kksa ij eRFkk
Vsdk vkSj dgk & vkidk la?k u gksrk rks gekjh j{kk ugha gks ikrhA gekjs cky&cPps] fL=;k lqjf{kr u
jg ikrsA lsuk ds vfkdkjh feysA os Hkh vknjiwoZd Lo;alsodksa rFkk muds vnE; lkgl dk mYys[k djrs
vkSj dgrs & bUgsa rqeus D;k vkSj dSlh f'k{kk nh\ ;s brus lkglh vkSj lwjek dSls cus\ tks ckr gekjh
lsuk ds toku ugha dj lds] og ijke ;s yksx dSls fn[kk lds\ eSa mu yksxksa ls dgrk & la?k esjk
ugha] vkidk gSA Lo;alsodksa us dsoy viuk drZO; ikyu fd;k gSA**1
dks tkyUkj dk dk;Ze lEiUu dj yqfk;kuk tkuk FkkA ekxZ ij ikuh Hkjk gksus dss dkj.k] dkj }kjk
ogk igqpuk lEHko ugha Fkk] fdUrq Jh xq#th dk vkxzg Fkk fd fukZkfjr dk;Zekuqlkj yqfk;kuk igqpuk
gh pkfg,A
jsyos okyksa ls iwNrkN dh rks irk yxk fd ,d Vkyh dk izcUk gks tk,xkA Jh xq#th ds lkFk
eaS vkSj Jh keZohj th ml Vkyh ij cSBsA Vkyh <dsyus okys cM+h QqrhZ vkSj lkokkuh ls yqfk;kuk dh
vksj jsy iVfj;ksa ij nkSM+us yxsA fQj Hkh ge Vkyh ls pgsMw rd igqpsA pgsMw esa ,d cM+k ukyk Fkk] tks
yckyc Hkjk Fkk vkSj ikuh cgqr rst+ xfr ls cg jgk FkkA ck<+ ds ikuh us pgsMw ds jsyos&iqy dk [kEHkk
cgk fn;k FkkA iqy dk ijh Hkkx <kpk rks T;ksa&dk&R;ksa [kM+k Fkk] fdUrq jsy&iVjh ds uhps dh Hkwfe
cg tkus ls jsy&iVjh Lyhijksa ds vkkkj ls >wyrs iqy dh rjg yVd jgh FkhA Vkyh okys us vkxs tkuk
vLohdkj dj fn;kA
^^ge lkspus yxs fd vc D;k fd;k tk,A dqN mik; lw> ugha jgk FkkA ge yksx lksp fopkj esa
my>s gq, Fks fd brus esa gekjs ns[krs gh ns[krs Jh xq#th us >wyrh gqbZ ml jsy iVjh vkSj Lyhijksa ij
vius dne vkxs c<+k fn,A os QqrhZ ls vkxs c<+us yxsA gekjs fny kM+dus yxsA gesa Hkh lkgl djds
ihNs py nsuk iM+kA >wyrh gqbZ jsy&iVfj;ksa ds nks&rhu QqV uhps ls gh ikuh dk izokg rst+ xfr ls cg
jgk FkkA og n`'; cM+k gh Hk;kog Fkk] fQj Hkh Jh xq#th us iqy ikj dj fy;k vkSj ge Hkh muds ihNs
ikj gks x,A
^^ge yksx pgsMw jsyos LVs'ku ij igqpsA jsyos ds yksxksa dks iqy ikj djus dh lkjh xkFkk lqukbZA
ogk ,d batu [kM+k Fkk tks xqjk;k LVs'ku rd tkusokyk FkkA batu esa cSBdj Jh xq#th vkSj ge yksx
xqjk;k igqpsA HkkX; dh ckr] xqjk;k esa ,d ekyxkM+h yqfk;kuk tkus ds fy, rS;kj [kM+h FkhA xkMZ ds
fMCcs esa cSBdj ge rhu ?k.Vs esa yqfk;kuk igqp x,A bl izdkj izkr%dky lkr cts py dj lk;adky
ikp cts ge yksx tkyUkj ls yqfk;kuk nwjh 57 fdyksehVj igqps vkSj ogk dk dk;Ze Bhd izdkj ls
lEiUu gks ik;kA ,sls dBksj fu'p; ds Fks Jh xq#thA**1
'kj.kkFkhZ Hkkjr esa pkgs tgk Hkh jg jgs gksa] ,d Loj ls ;gh dgsaxs fd lPps ekuo laxBu jk"Vh;
Lo;alsod la?k us gh mudk lkFk fn;kA**1
Jh xq#th dh fxjrkjh
Hkkjr
esa
loZnwj
,oa
fo'ks"kr%
ukxiqj
dk
okrkoj.k
fnukad
1 Qjojh dks vR;Ur iz{kqCk gks mBkA mlh jkf= Jh xq#th dks egkRek xkkh th dh gR;k ds vfHk;ksx esa
Hkkjrh; naM fokku dh kkjk 302 o 120 ds vUrxZr cUnh cukdj ukxiqj dkjkx`g ys tk;k x;kA ckn
esa 4 Qjojh dks lEiw.kZ ns'k esa la?k ij izfrcU yxk, tkus dh vfkr ?kks"k.kk Hkh dj nh xbZA yxHkx
20 lglz Lo;alsodksa dks fcuk fdlh tkp iM+rky ds dkjkx`g esa cUn fd;k x;kA1
lR;kxzg ioZ
dsoy fopkj&fofue; dj la?k ij yxk;k x;k izfrca gVkus ds i{k esa ljdkj vuqdwy ugha gS]
blfy, mfpr le; ns[kdj 'kkafriw.kZ lR;kxzg djuk vko';d gS] ;g vc yxHkx fuf'pr gks x;k FkkA
1- Jh xq#th lexz n'kZu [k.M&2] Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj] i`"B 2&102- igyh vfXu ijh{kk] uk-xa-o>s] ekf.kdpUnz oktis;h] vpZuk izdk'ku] Hkksiky] i`"B 23&24* Sardar Patels Correspondence 1945-50; Vol.VI, Edited by Durga Das. Navajivan Publishing House, Ahamedabad- 300014;Page-56.
3- vkjrh vkyksd dh] gfj fouk;d nkR;s] Kkuxaxk izdk'ku] t;iqj] i`"B&156-
lR;kxzg izkjEHk
pkjksa vksj dk okrkoj.k Jh xq#th dh iqu% fxjrkjh ls {kqCk gks mBkA lkjs ns'k esa ;kstukiwoZd
'kkafriw.kZ vkUnksyu dh rS;kfj;k gksus yxhaA ljnkj iVsy us 5 fnlEcj ds vius Hkk"k.k esa dgk] ^^dqN
yksx dgrs gSa fd la?k lR;kxzg izkjEHk djus tk jgk gSA eSa mUgsa psrkouh nsrk gw fd bl <ax dh
pqukSfr;kasa dk lkeuk djus ds fy, ge rS;kj gSaA**
9 fnlEcj dks ljdk;Zokg Jh HkS;kth nk.kh ds usr`Ro esa ns'k Hkj esa 'kk[kk, izkjEHk djus dk
vkUnksyu Hkkjr ds lglzkof uxjksa rFkk xzkeksa esa izkjEHk gqvkA ^Hkkjr ekrk dh t;* rFkk ^la?k vej
jgs* ds ukjksa esa LFkku&LFkku ij yxus okyh 'kk[kkvksa dks ns[kus ds fy, vla[; turk meM+us yxhA
yk[kksa nhokjsa ^la?k ij gqvk vU;k; nwj djks* dh ekx ls jax xbA la?k ij yxk, x, vkjksiksa dk [k.Mu
djrs gq, mldh fo'kq) jk"Vh; Hkwfedk dks izdV djus okys ipks rFkk iqfLrdkvksa dh o"kkZ gksus yxhA la?k
ds bl vkUnksyu esa fgUnw lekt dh ,dkRerk O;Dr gksrh FkhA vkanksyu tkfr] lEiznk;] Hkk"kk] iaFk] izkar
tSls ck Hksnksa dh vogsyuk djrs gq, pyus yxkA gt+kjksa ;qodksa us ukSdjh dks ykr ekj nh] vla[;
Nk=ksa us v;;u LFkfxr dj fn;kA1
dqy 77090 Lo;alsod lR;kxzg djds fxjrkj gq, rFkk fofHkUu vofkds fy, dkjkx`g esa jgsA2
1- Jh xq#th lexz n'kZu [k.M&2] i`"B 39&442- igyh vfXu ijh{kk] i`"B&166-
izfrcak gVk
la?k ds Lo;alsodksa dk eukscy fnuksafnu o`f)axr gks jgk FkkA tuekul esa Hkh muds ckjs esa
iwoZor~ vkLFkk mRiUu gks jgh FkhA vr,o vf[ky Hkkjrh; tukfkdkj lfefr ds v;{k ia- ekSfypUnz
'kekZ ds :i esa ,d r`rh; e;LFk ds }kjk ljdkj us Lo;a gksdj gh okrkZyki ds iqujkjaHk dk ukVd
jpkA os Jh xq#th dks 10 tqykbZ dks cSrwy tsy esa feysA ckrphr ds ckn la?k dh Hkwfedk iqu% lqLi"V
djrs gq, ia- ekSfypanz 'kekZ dks Jh xq#th us ,d futh i= fy[kkA blh i= dks vkkkj cukdj fn-12
1- Jh xq#th lexz n'kZu [k.M&2] i`"B&45-
tqykbZ lk;adky dsUnzh; 'kklu us la?k ij ls izfrcU gVkus dh ?kks"k.kk jsfM;ks ij dhA fn- 13 izkr%dky
Jh xq#th cSrwy dkjkx`g ls eqDr gq, rFkk nksigj dh xzkaV Vad ,DlizSl ls os ukxiqj vk x,A LVs'ku
ij 30 gt+kj turk us xxuHksnh t;t;dkj ls mudk Lokxr fd;kA
Lokxr ioZ
vlR; ij lR; dh fot; gqbZA 12 tqykbZ 1949 dh lk;adky rd la?k fojksfk;ksa }kjk u"Vizk;
le>k x;k] mis{kk dk ik= cuk gqvk la?k] ns[krs gh ns[krs Hkkjr dh dksfV&dksfV turk dk vkd"kZ.k
dsUnz gh ugha vk'kk dsUnz Hkh cuk gqvk fn[kkbZ nsus yxkA foxr yxHkx nks o"kks ls Hkzked nwf"kr izpkj dk
f'kdkj cuk la?k vkSj mlds ljla?kpkyd Jh xq#th turk ds f'kjksHkw"k.k cu x,A iq.ks 24 tqykbZ]
ukxiqj 29 tqykbZ] fnYyh 21vxLr] ve`rlj 28 vxLr] y[ku 1 flrEcj] iVuk 4
flrEcj] dksydkrk 8 flrEcj] bUnkSj 12 flrEcj] eqEcbZ 6 uoEcj] enqjS 17 fnlEcj rFkk
vU;= tgk Hkh os x, lkekU; turk us gh ugha izHkkoh tuusrkvksa us Hkh mudk gkfnZd jktlh Lokxr
fd;kA mudh Lokxr&lHkkvksa esa yk[kksa yksx vk,A lcus mudh nsorqY; ok.kh dks eU=&eqXk gksdj lquk
1- igyh vfXu ijh{kk] i`"B 236&37-
rFkk ljkgkA vusd laLFkkvksa us mUgas ekui= vfiZr fd, rFkk muls ns'k dk ekxZn'kZu djus dh izkFkZuk
dhA
ch-ch-lh- dk izlkj.k
fczfV'k vkdk'kok.kh ch-ch-lh- la?k dks nf{k.kiUFkh fgUnw lkEiznkf;d laxBu gh ?kksf"kr djrh jgh
FkhA mls Hkh vius lekpkj izlkj.k esa dguk iM+k fd ^^usg: vkSj ljnkj iVsy ds ckn dkSu\ bl iz'u
dk mkj okeiafFk;ksa ds usrk ugha] la?k izeq[k xksyoydj gSaA os tc fnYyh esa vk, rks <kbZ yk[k yksx
mudk Hkk"k.k lquus mifLFkr gq,A Hkkjr esa dsoy usg: th gh bruh cM+h HkhM+ tqVk ldrs gSaA 19 ekl
rd izfrcfUkr jgusokyh laLFkk ds izeq[k dk bruk HkO; Lokxr o bruh cM+h lHkk vius&vki esa ,d
felky gSA** mls ;g Hkh dguk iM+k fd ^^la?k dks ukt+h laxBu rFkk la?k izeq[k dks rkuk'kkg izpkfjr
fd;k tkrk gSA ij Jh xksyoydj esa rks ,slk dqN ugha fn[kkbZ iM+k ftlls mudh rqyuk ;ksjksih;
rkuk'kkg fgVyj ;k eqlksfyuh ls dh tk ldsA
loZfofnr ijh{kkQy
Jh xq#th us vius Hkk"k.kksa esa dgk] ^^izfrfnu ge la?k LFkku ij ijes'oj dh izkFkZuk djrs gSa fd
gs ijes'oj] gesa 'khy nks] kS;Z nks] pkfj; nksA rks mUgksaus ;g Hkh lkspk gksxk fd ftUgsa nku nsuk gS os
fdrus ;ksX; gSa bldh ijh{kk Hkh dh tkuh pkfg,A blfy, ;g bZ'oj }kjk yh xbZ ijh{kk gh gS] ftldk
ijh{kkQy loZfofnr gSA**1
jk"V izgjh
Lokra;ksijkUr Hkkjr ds uofuekZ.k ds le;] mifLFkr gks jgh fofok leL;kvksa dk gy <w<uk Hkh
cgqvk;keh iz;kl fd,A igys rks tutkxj.k izkjEHk fd;k x;k] fQj foy; ds i{k esa O;kid gLrk{kj
vfHk;ku tEew {ks= esa pyk;k x;k o tEew ds la?kpkyd ia- izseukFk Mksxjk ds usr`Ro esa gLrk{kj;qDr
Kkiu egkjktk dks lkSaikA
iz[;kr vfkoDrk jk;cgknqj cnzhnkl iatkc izkar ds la?kpkyd FksA os egkjktk ds egoiw.kZ
ekeyksa esa mudh vksj ls vnkyr esa iSjoh djrs FksA os lu 1947 ds flrEcj ekl esa Jhuxj vkdj
egkjktk ls feys rFkk mUgsa foy; gsrq jkt+h djus dk Hkjiwj iz;kl fd;kA mkj izns'k ds la?kpkyd
cSfjLVj ujsUnzthrflag dh llqjky egkjktk ds izeq[k nhoku ds ;gk FkhA bl ukrs muds Hkh egkjktk ls
fudV ds lEcUk FksA os Hkh egkjktk dks izHkkfor djus dk iz;kl djrs jgrs FksA Jh cyjkt ekskd ds
leku ftu dk;ZdrkZvksa dk fudV lEcUk egkjktk ls Fkk] os ikfdLrkuh [krjs o mldh uh;r dh Hkh
tkudkjh mudks nsrs jgrs FksA ;s lkjs iz;kl Jh xq#th dh izsj.kk ls o mudh tkudkjh esa py jgs FksA
Jh xq#th ds bl izokl esa ljnkj iVsy us lg;ksxh dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA Jhuxj ls okil
ykSVdj mUgksaus egkjktk dh vuqdwy eu%fLFkfr ls ljnkj iVsy dks voxr djk;kA lkSHkkX; ls rc rd
Jh esgjpUn egktu tEew&d'ehj ds izkkueU=h dk inHkkj lEgky pqds FksA os Hkh egkjktk dks crkrs
jgs fd Jh xq#th dk ijke'kZ lgh gSA varr% egkjktk us foy; dk fu.kZ; fd;k vkSj 26 vDrwcj dks
jkT; ds foy;i= ij gLrk{kj gks x,A ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd Jh xq#th dh ;g HksaV egkjktk dks
foy; dk fu.kZ; djokus esa fu.kkZ;d jgh D;ksafd bl HksaV ds ckn gh foy; dh izf;k izkjEHk gks xbZA
ikfdLrkuh geys us ml fu.kZ; ij vfUre eqgj yxokbZA1
djrs gSaA fdUrq gekjh rks vklsrq fgekpy ,d gh laLfr gS rFkk laLfr rks jk"V dh vkRek gksrh gSA
bl dkj.k gesa ns'k dh laLfr] ijEijk] jk"VkeZ rFkk dqykeZ dh j{kk djuh pkfg,A ns'k dks keZ'kkyk
cukdj dke ugha pysxkA lkSnsckt+h dh Hkk"kk jksddj gesa jk"V dk fopkj djuk pkfg,A**1
vkUkz dk jkT; fuekZ.k djus dks ekU;rk izkkuea=h ia- usg: }kjk iznku dj nh xbZ Fkh fdUrq xqtjkr
vkSj egkjk"V dks feykdj fo'kky f}Hkk"kh jkT; cuk;k x;kA bl fu.kZ; ds fojksk esa la;qDr egkjk"V
lfefr ds usr`Ro esa fNM+s vkUnksyu dks dqpyus gsrq tc eqEcbZ ljdkj us neuuhfr dks viuk;k rks bl
izo`fk dk dM+k fojksk djrs gq, fn- 23&07&1956 dks fn, ,d oDrO; esa Jh xq#th dgrs gSa]
^^ljdkj xq.Mksa dh lgk;rk ls lR;kxzg dks dqpyuk pkgrh gSA ljdkj }kjk izksRlkfgr xqaMk'kkgh dks
lguk vlEHko gSA bl xqaMkxnhZ dk ;fn eSaus fojksk ugha fd;k rks ekuk tk,xk fd eaSus vius drZO; dk
fuokZg ugha fd;kA eSa drZO;P;qr ugha jg ldrkA**2
blh izdkj tc izrkix<+ esa Jh N=ifr f'kokth dh ewfrZ ds vukoj.k dk;Ze ij la;qDr
egkjk"V lfefr us ia- usg: ds vkxeu o vukoj.k dk;Ze dk dM+k fojksk djus dk fu'p; fd;k rks
Jh xq#th dks ;g vR;Ur vuqfpr yxkA bl volj ij mUgksaus dgk] ^^N=ifr f'kokth dh ewfrZ dk
vukoj.k djus gsrq ekU;rk nsrs le; ia- usg: dks >qduk iM+k gSA vkt rd viuh gh vgadkjh izo`fk
esa Mwcs jgus ds dkj.k mUgksaus vusdksa ckj f'kokth dk vieku fd;k gSA vkt lEiw.kZ Hkkjr ds
'kklulw=kkj ia-usg: foyEc ls gh D;ksa u gks] ,d vlkekU; jk"Viq#"k ds izfr vknj O;Dr djus gsrq
ikkj jgs gSaA f'kokth egkjkt u dsoy egkjk"V ds vfirq lEiw.kZ Hkkjr ds oUnuh; egkiq#"k gSaA lkFk
gh bl ;qxiq#"k dh ;FkkFkZ egkk lewps fo'o dks crkus okyk ;g izlax gSA ;g ,d viwoZ ;ksx gesa izkIr
1- ikaptU;] 31- 5- 1954] i`"B 5 o 112- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 10] i`"B 249&50-
gqvk gS] blesa vi'kdqu ugha gksuk pkfg,A ,slk iz;Ru dksbZ u djsA ,slk djus ls f'kokth ds ckjs esa
vuknj rFkk vJ)k dk Hkko gh izxV gksxkA bl dkj.k eSa lHkh cUkq] Hkfxuh rFkk ekrkvksa ls
vkxzgiwoZd fourh djrk gw fd os foosdcqf) ls dke ysaA viuk foosd tkx`r j[k] bl dk;Ze esa Hkkx
ysaA**1
Jh xq#th ds bl oDrO; ds QyLo:i vuqdwy&izfrdwy izfrf;k, O;Dr gqbA ijUrq ifji= ds
dkj.k la;qDr egkjk"V ds leFkZdksa dks fopkj djus gsrq ck; gksuk iM+k rFkk ifjfLFkfr dks u;k eksM+
feykA
iatkch lwck
dqN le; i'pkr~ iatkch lwcs dk fookn fuekZ.k gqvk rFkk mlesa ls gh iatkc vkSj gfj;k.kk nks
'kkldh; jkT; fufeZr gq,A bl fookn ds ijeksPp f'k[kj ds le; Hkh Jh xq#th us jk"Vh; ,drk rFkk
lc Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk, jk"Vh; Hkk"kk, gSa] dh viuh Hkwfedk dks n`<+rk ls izLrqr fd;kA Jh eghi flag]
[kkylk dkyst] eqEcbZ dks fn- 12-09-1955 ds fy[ks i= esa os dgrs gSa] ^^Hkk"kk dk izse Hkh D;ksa u gks]
og ;fn foPNsn ds fy, iz;qDr gks] rks R;kT; gh ekuuk pkfg;sA**2
gSaA ,sls O;keksg ,oa LokFkZ dh vkkh ds chp Hkh Jh xq#th dks geus jk"Vfgr esa vfMx ik;k gSA iatkc
dh gh ckr gSA iatkch vkSj fgUnh dk Hkk"kkbZ vkUnksyu py jgk FkkA fgUnqvksa esa vkilh ruko FkkA
ds'kkkjh vkSj xSj ds'kkkjh cUkqvksa ds chp fookn mB [kM+k gqvk FkkA tc Jh xq#th iatkc ds nkSjs ij
vk, rks bl fookn ds lEcUk esa muds fopkj lquus ds fy, ve`rlj] tkyUkj] yqfk;kuk vkfn lHkh
LFkkuksa ds dk;Zeksa esa turk cM+h la[;k esa mifLFkr gqbZA Jh xq#th us fookn esa my>s gq, nksuksa i{kksa dks
bl dVqrk ds fy, ft+Eesnkj Bgjk;kA mUgksaus dgk] ^^lR; Lohdkj u djus ds dkj.k gh ;g >xM+k [kM+k
gqvkA iatkc esa iatkch ekr`Hkk"kk gS] bls lHkh dks Lohdkj djuk pkfg,A lkFk gh fl[k cUqkvksa dks vius
1- lkIrkfgd ^vkxsZukbt+j* ubZ fnYyh] 25-11-1957] i`"B&72- i=:i Jh xq#th] Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj] i`"B&455-
fueU=.k fn;kA ujs'k Hkh vuqdwy :i ls lger gq,A okil ykSVus ij Jh xq#th us izkkueU=h Jh usg:
vkSj x`geU=h Jh yky cgknqj 'kkL=h dks i= fy[ks rFkk mUgsa okrkZ dh fn'kk ls voxr djk;kA 25
fnlEcj] 1964 dks jsfM;ks usiky us ?kks"k.kk dh fn- 14 tuojh 1965 dks ukxiqj esa edj lkfUr
lekjksg dks lEcksfr djus ds fy, la?k ds fueU=.k dks egkjktk egsUnz us Lohdkj dj fy;k gSA
bl lekpkj us phu vkSj ikfdLrku dks fgyk fn;kA usiky vius vkUrfjd ekeyksa esa Hkkjr dh
mkstd xfrfofk;ksa dh izfrf;kLo:i bu ns'kksa ds fudV vkrk tk jgk FkkA okLro esa rks gekjh ljdkj
ds fy, ;gh mfpr gksrk fd bl u, mie dk og n; ls Lokxr djrhA blls mkj ds ,d izgjh ls
mlds fcxM+s lEcUk iqu% lgt cu tkrsA ;fn nksuksa ns'kksa ds leku izkphu kkfeZd rFkk lkaLfrd
lEidks dks iqu% iq"V fd;k tkrk rks usiky ls vVwV lEcUk LFkkfir djus dk mlls c<+dj vpwd vU;
vkkkj ugha gks ldrk FkkA ij dSlk nqHkkZX;! Hkkjr ljdkj us u tkus fdu dkj.kksa ls usiky&ujs'k dks
Hkkjr u vkus dk ^ijke'kZ* fn;kA 11 tuojh 1965 dks ujs'k us Jh xq#th dks i= fy[kkA mlesa dgk
x;k Fkk] ^^eq>s cM+k {kksHk gS fd ,d fgUnw lekjksg esa eq>s fgUnw ds ukrs Hkkx ysus ls oafpr fd;k tk jgk
gSA** bl volj ds fy, mUgksaus ,d yEck rFkk izsj.kknk;h lans'k Hkh HkstkA mlesa fgUnqvksa dks Lej.k
djk;k x;k fd muds laxBu dh vko';drk gS vkSj mUgsa vius fo'oluh; ;s; dks iwjk djuk gSA mUgsa
rks lewph larIr ekuo tkfr rd fgUnqRo dk lkURouk Hkjk Li'kZ igqpkuk gSA bl lEcUk esa mUgksaus la?k
dh Hkwfedk dh Hkh ljkguk dhA
usiky ds izkkueU=h MkW- rqylh fxfj us Hkkjr ds fofp= O;ogkj ij [ksn izdV djrs gq, dgk]
^^;fn egkefge jk-Lo-la?k dks lEcksfkr djrs rks mlesa D;k vuqfpr gksrk\ tc iksi us eqEcbZ esa
pq[kkfjLr lEesyu dks lEcksfkr fd;k rks fdlh us dksbZ vkifk ugha dhA ;fn dksbZ fgUnw ujs'k fgUnw
laxBu dks lEcksfr djs vkSj fgUnqRo dh ,drk ij cy ns rks ml ij fdlh dks D;ksa vkifk gks\**
vk'kknhi
izfrcUk lekfIr ds ckn gq, vius ns'kO;kih izokl esa Jh xq#th vle ugha tk ik, FksA vr% os
lu 1950 ds Qjojh ekl esa vle x,A ogk dqN jk"Vh; leL;kvksa ds ckjs esa mUgksaus vius fopkj
O;Dr fd,A
rRi'pkr~ 12 vizSy dks fnYyh vkus ij] mlh fnu nksigj esa ljnkj iVsy ls HksaV dj Jh xq#th
us mUgsa ^okLrqgkjk lgk;rk lfefr* rFkk mlds dk;Z ls voxr djk;kA ljnkj iVsy us lgk;rk dk;Z ij
lekkku izdV djrs gq, caxky esa la?k dk;Z dh fujUrj o`f) ds ckjs esa viuh 'kqHk bPNk O;Dr dhA
vle dk HkwdEi
okLrqgkjk lgk;rk lfefr dk dk;Z tkjh Fkk fd vle esa Hk;adj HkwdEi vk x;kA 15
1950 dks gq, bl Hkh"k.k izdksi ls loZ= =kfg&=kfg ep xbZA Lo;alsodksa us Lo;a LQwfrZ ls vkxs
lgk;rk rFkk lsok dk;Z izkjEHk fd;kA U;k;ewfrZ dkek[;k jke c#vk dh v;{krk esa ^HkwdEi
lgk;rk lfefr* dh LFkkiuk fMczwx<+ esa dh xbZA Jh xq#th us i= Hkstdj Lo;alsodksa dks viuh
'kfDr tqVkdj ihfM+rksa dh lsok djus dh izsj.kk nhA
vxLr
vkdj
ihfM+r
lEiw.kZ
jk"Vh; foifk
flrEcj ekl ds vUr esa lfefr ds dk;Z ds voyksdukFkZ Jh xq#th Lo;a vle x,A leLr
vleokfl;ksa dks mUgksaus ;g lans'k fn;k fd laxfBr vkSj vuq'kkflr gksus ls ge bl izdkj ds ladVksa dk
1- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 10] i`"B 238&402ogh]
i`"B 238&403-Jh xq#th O;fDr vkSj dk;Z] uk-g-ikydj] MkW- gsMxsokj Hkou] ukxiqj] i`"B & 236-
Hkh lQyrkiwoZd lkeuk dj ldsaxsA bl volj ij mUgksaus ,d fo'ks"k oDrO; Hkh fn;k ftlesa dgk x;k
Fkk] ^^HkwdEi ls thou vkSj lEifk dh Hk;adj {kfr gqbZ gSA ljdkjh vkSj xSj ljdkjh laLFkkvksa us
lgk;rk dk;Z vkjEHk fd;k gSA eq>s ;g tkudj izlUurk gqbZ gS fd loZizFke laxfBr :i ls lgk;rk
djus okyh jk-Lo-laa?k dh vle 'kk[kk FkhA mlds }kjk izkjEHk dh xbZ ^vle ihfM+r lgk;rk lfefr*
HkwdEi ihfM+r vkSj ck<+ ihfM+rksa dks vPNh rjg lgk;rk igqpk jgh gSA
^^leL;k dh fo'kkyrk dks ns[krs gq, tks dqN Hkh gqvk gS ;k gks jgk gS] vR;Ur vYi gSA ;g
LFkkuh; ugha vfirq ,d jk"Vh; foifk gSA ,slh vkink, gh jk"Vh; ,drk rFkk yksxksa ds lsok Hkko dh
dlkSVh gksrh gSaA eSa Hkkjrokfl;ksa ls vH;FkZuk djrk gw fd os py jgs lgk;rk dk;Z ds fufek mnkjrk
iwoZd u&oL= vkfn nsdj vle dh lgk;rk djsaA ljdkj us Hkh ihfM+rksa dh lgk;rk djuk 'kq# fd;k
gSA eSa vk'kk djrk gw fd lsuk dh l{ke lsokvksa dks izR;{k dk;Z esa yxkrs gq, ljdkj 'kh?kzrk ls vkSj
Hkh vfkd izHkkoh dne mBk,xhA**1
blh izdkj 1951 esa fcgkj esa vkSj 1952 esa vkUzk izkar ds jk;ylhek Hkkx o egkjk"V izkar ds
'kksykiqj] uxj] kwfy;k] tyxko rFkk lkrkjk vkfn ft+yksa esa iM+s vdky ds le; lsok vkSj lgk;rk ds
vius nkf;Ro dks Lo;alsodksa us mke jhfr ls iw.kZ fd;kA
dh lgk;rk djuk viuk nkf;Ro gSA fcgkj esa jk"Vh; Lo;alsod la?k us ,d lfefr dk xBu fd;k gS
ftlus lg;ksx ds fy, lHkh ls izkFkZuk dh gSA
^^ljdkj us Hkh ck<+ ihfM+rksa dh ihM+k&'keu ds fy, cgqr dqN djus dk ladYi fd;k gSA turk
ds lg;ksx ls ,slk lsok dk;Z mke jhfr ls lEiUu gksrk gSA vr% eSa ljdkj ls vuqjks djuk pkgwxk
1- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 10] i`"B 243&44-
fd og jk"Vh; Lo;alsod la?k rFkk vU; laxBuksa ds dk;ZdrkZvksa dk] lsok gh ftudk vkn'kZ gS] lgk;rk
dk;ks dks izHkkoh cukus esa lg;ksx izkIr djsA**1
;q)jr Hkkjr
Jh xq#th ^;q) ,d nSoh fokku* uked ys[k esa fy[krs gSa] ^^bls nqHkkZX; ekusa ;k lkSHkkX; ij
oLrqfLFkfr ;g gS fd bl txr~ esa tks cyoku~ gS og fucZy ij vke.k fd, fcuk ugha jgrkA iap'khy
vkSj lgvfLrRo ds ge pkgsa ftrus Hkh ukjs yxk, ij nqcZy vkSj cyoku~ ds chp lg&vfLrRo dh jE;
dYiuk lR; l`f"V esa vkt rd rks ifj.kr ugha dh tk ldhA gekjs iwoZtksa us euq"; LoHkko ds nks"k dks
;ku esa j[krs gq, dgk fd lalkj esa la?k"kZ vVy gSA os dYiuk txr~ esa fopj.k djus okys yksx ugha
FksA thou ds dBksj rF;ksa dk fopkj vkSj vuqHko dj mUgksaus dgk fd ^thoks thoL; thoue~* dk U;k;
vVy gSA blfy, tks O;fDr ;k jk"V Lo;a dks thfor j[kuk pkgrk gS mls Lo;a cyoku~ cudj [kM+k
jguk pkfg, ftlls dksbZ nwljk mls Hk{; cukus dk nqLlkgl u dj lds**3
1- vkxsZukbt+j] 20-9-1954] i`"B&22- fr:i la?k n'kZu] i`"B 240&413- ;q) ,d nSoh fo/kku] ek-l-xksyoydj] ikaptU;] nhikoyh vad] 15-12-1963] i`"B&25
phu&Hkkjr ;q)
la?k ds dsUnzh; dk;Zdkjh e.My ds fnlEcj 1962 ds izLrko esa dgk x;k gS] ^^lu 1962 ds
vDrwcj ekl esa yk[k vkSj mkj&iwoZ&lhekUr {ks= esa dE;qfuLV phu ds O;kid vkSj Hkkjh vke.k us
'k=q ds eUrO;ksa dks Li"V dj fn;kA oLrqr% lu 1949 esa phu esa dE;qfuLV 'kklu LFkkfir gksus ds ckn
gh mlds Hkkjr fojkskh eUlwcs izdV gks x, FksA rHkh ls lEiw.kZ ,f'k;k [k.M esa lkE;oknh 'kklu ykus
vkSj mlds usr`Ro dh egokdk{kk ysdj phu ds dE;qfuLV 'kkldksa us chrs fiNys 13 o"kks esa foLrkjoknh
uhfr viuk;hA fe=rk vkSj fojksk] 'kkfUr dh ppkZ vkSj ;q) bl uhfr ds gh izlaxkuqlkj igyw jgsA**1
Hkfo";n'khZ
jktLFkku ds rRdkyhu izkUr izpkjd Jh cznso 'kekZ vius laLej.k esa dgrs gSa fd ^^lu 1962
esa jktLFkku ds izokl ij tc Jh xq#th vk, rks fpkkSM+ esa mudk lkoZtfud dk;Ze FkkA vius Hkk"k.k
esa Jh xq#th us ;g jgL;ksn~?kkVu fd;k& ^esjs ikl iDdh tkudkjh gS fd phu Hkkjr ij vke.k
djusokyk gSA gekjs ns'k ds usrk rks ^fgUnh&phuh HkkbZ&HkkbZ ds ukjs yxk jgs gSa vkSj fnYyh ds yky fdys
esa phu ds izkkueU=h dk Lokxr dj jgs gSa] ij phu vke.k djsxkA* nks fnu ckn ;gh ckr mUgksaus
vyoj ds Hkk"k.k esa Hkh nksgjk;hA nksuksa txg gh Jh xq#th ds Hkk"k.k dh rhoz izfrf;k gqbZ vkSj nSo;ksx
ls vxys gh fnu vkdk'kok.kh us ns'k dks ;g lekpkj nsdj LrfHHkr dj fn;k fd phu dh lsukvksa us
Hkkjr ij vke.k dj fn;k gSA**3
1- phuh vke.k ij Lohr oDrO; ds-dk-e.My] fnlEcj 1962-ladYi]
lq#fp izdk'ku] i`"B 97&982- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 6] i`"B&753- Jh xq#th thou izlax Hkkx&1] i`"B 248&49-
^^oLrqr% viuh Hkkjr ljdkj igys ls gh lhek ds iz'u ij mnklhu jgh gS] blfy, ;g lc gks
jgk gSA viuh lhekvksa ds lEcUk esa gesa ltx jguk gksxkA blds foijhr vius izkueU=h dgrs gSa fd
^ukV , CysM vkQ xzkl xzkst+ nsvj* ogk rks ?kkl dk frudk rd ugha mitrk] lc dqN cQZe; gh gS
bR;kfnA viuh gh lhek ds lEcUk es ;s mn~xkj fdrus nq%[kn gSaA Lons'k dh ,d bap Hkwfe ds ckjs esa Hkh
bl izdkj dh ckrphr djuk vuqfpr gSA ;g rks izR;{k vieku gSA**1
'k=q ns'k dh lhek esa ?kql vk;k gSA vc lHkh jk"VHkDrksa dks NksVs&eksVs vkilh erHksn Hkqykdj] dUks ls
dUkk yxkdj ,d vHks| 'kfDr ds :i esa [kM+k gksuk vfuok;Z gSA 'kklu ds vkokg~u ij l{ke 'kjhj ds
lc O;fDr;ksa dks lsuk ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa dke djus ds fy, i;kZIr la[;k esa rRijrk ls vkus ds fy,
fl) jguk Hkh vko';d gSA turk dks uSfrd ncko ls rFkk 'kklu dks viuh 'kfDr ls] Je dk 'kks"k.k
u gks] Jfed lUrq"V jgdj lksRlkg dke esa tqVs jgsa] bl gsrq vrho lrdZrk cjruh pkfg,A fooald
dk;Zokfg;k Hkh gksus dh lEHkkouk gS] vr% xzke&xzke esa] uxjksa ds gj eksgYys esa Lo;aLQwfrZ ls laxfBr
gksdj vgksjk= bl vksj ;ku nsuk] 'kkafr rFkk lqO;oLFkk cuk, j[kuk lc dk drZO; gSA**1
ds rRdkyhu jktLo eU=h Jh Q[k#hu vyh vgen us ,u-lh-lh- ds tokuksa ds lkeus vlgk; fLFkfr
izdV dh vkSj fctyh ?kj dks Mk;ukekbV ls mM+k nsus dk vkns'k Hkh ns fn;kA mlh jkr vkdk'kok.kh ij
ia- tokgjyky usg: ds eq[k ls ;s nqHkkZX;iw.kZ mn~xkj fudys fd ^esjk n; rks vle ds yksxksa ds lkFk
ihNs NwVk tk jgk gS* vFkkZr~ ^vle vc vius gkFkksa ls fudy jgk gSA* lans'k eq[kj vkSj Li"V Fkk fd
Hkkjr us gj gkyr esa vle dks cpkus dh viuh ft+Eesokjh ls eqg eksM+ fy;k gS vkSj ogk dh turk
dks 'k=q dh n;k ij [kqyk NksM+ fn;k gSA
cfygkjh gS dkuw Msdk] in~eizlkn nkl rFkk in~etkdkUr lsukifr uke ds la?k ds Lo;alsod o
muds dqN vU; lkfFk;ksa dh ftUgksaus ;qodksa dh ,d Vksyh xfBr dj lsuk ds vfkdkfj;ksa ls lEidZ fd;k
rFkk mudh lgk;rk ls jkr fnu igjsnkjh dj [kkyh gq, ?kjksa dks iwoZ ikfdLrkuh ckaXykns'kh ?kqliSfB;ksa
ds gkFkksa yqVus ls cpk;kA ;gh ugha] rkykc esa QSadh gqbZ lEifk dks cVksjus ds fy, cSyxkfM+;k ysdj vk
jgs vjk"Vh; roksa ls Hkh ku dh j{kk djokbZA nwljh vksj loZJh iw.kZukjk;.kflag] MkW-nkl] gjdkUr
nkl] fo'onso 'kekZ rFkk uxjk;{k nqyky HkV~Vkpk;Z vkfn yksxksa us ,d lfefr xfBr dj ;g fu'p;
fd;k fd os gkj ugha ekusaxs vkSj lekukUrj ljdkj xfBr dj usr`Ro iznku djsaxsA1
fdUrq FkksMs+ le; ds ckn phu }kjk ,drjQk ;q) canh ?kksf"kr dj nsus ls ifjfLFkfr lkekU; gks
xbZA
la?k dks fn, x, vkeU=.k ij vkifk dh rks iafMr usg: us ml vkifk dks ;g dg dj mM+k fn;k fd
leLr ns'kHkDr ukxfjdksa dks ijsM esa Hkkx ysus dk vkeU=.k fn;k x;k FkkA1
fd;k tk ldrk gSA cqf)ekk] lrdZrk o lrr~ rRijrk dk ifjp; nsrs gq, iw.kZ fot; dk ladYi
djsaA**2
1- d`fr:i la?k n'kZu] i`"B&282- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 10] i`"B 159&81-
fot; lqfuf'pr gS
ubZ fnYyh ls fnukad 8-9-1965 dks fn, x, oDrO; esa Jh xq#th dgrs gS] ^^ikfdLrku ds
vke.k ds ifj.kkeLo:i gekjs ns'k ij Fkksik gqvk ;q) xaHkhj la?k"kZ dk :i kkj.k djrk tk jgk gSA
ge lc dks ifjfLFkfr dh pqukSrh dks Lohdkj djuk gksxk rFkk n`<+rk vkSj kS;ZiwoZd pydj iw.kZ lQyrk
izkIr djuh gksxhA vr% eSa lHkh ns'kokfl;ksa rFkk fo'ks"kr% jk"Vh; Lo;alsod la?k ds Lo;alsod cUkqvksa dk
vkokg~u djrk gw fd os tks&tks leL;k, iSnk gksa] mudks nwj djus esa ljdkj dk iwjk lg;ksx djsaA ge
lR; ds fy, rFkk viuh ekr`Hkwfe dh v[k.Mrk vkSj lEeku ds fy, yM+ jgs gSaA gekjh fot; lqfuf'pr
gSA**2
ukxfjdksa [kqn dks ikfdLrkuh Hkys gh dgrs gksa ds lkFk izseiw.kZ i)fr ls O;ogkj djds vk'oklu nsus
dh uhfr vius Hkkjr dh lPph {kk=o`fk dh ijEijk dks 'kksHkk nsus okyh gS rFkk lalkj ds vU; ns'kksa dh
n`f"V ls vius ns'k dks xkSjokfUor djus okyh gSA**1
rhuksa fl) gq, gSaA izR;{k ;q) esa yM+us okys lSfudksa rFkk muds dqVqfEc;ksa dks vko';d lgk;rk igqpkus
ds fy, lekt us tks rRijrk fn[kkbZ gS og vfHkuUnuh; gSA fdUrq bl ;q) ds dkj.k lhekorhZ ukxfjdksa
dks cgqr gh d"V mBkus iM+s gSaA bl le; mudh lc izdkj ls lgk;rk djus ds fy, 'kh?kz vkxs vkuk
ge lcdk ije dkZO; gSA**1
'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa dh {kfriwfrZ
rk'kdUn ?kks"k.kk ds le>kSrs i'pkr~ mlds ckjs esa ^vkxsZukbt+j* ds fo'ks"k laoknnkrk ls fnukad
16-1-1966 dks gqbZ ckrphr esa Jh xq#th us dgk] ^^ikfdLrku ds lkFk cps fo"k;ksa dk ,d lkFk
fuiVkjk dj ysuk pkfg,A lu 1947 ds ckn ftrus eqlyeku Hkkjr ls ikfdLrku esa x, gSa] mlls
nqxquh la[;k esa fgUnw ;gk ij vk, gSaA ikfdLrku dks budh lEifk dh {kfriwfrZ djuh pkfg,A la;qDr
Hkkjr lkoZtfud _.k ds vius fgLls ls Hkh ikfdLrku vHkh m_.k ugha gqvk gSA ;fn fofklaxr ns;
1- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 10] i`"B 190&2022- vkxsZukbt+j] 12-12-1965] i`"B 1&2-
dks nsus esa og ikfdLrku vleFkZ gS rks blds cnys esa mls Hkwfe nsuh pkfg,A xr vxLr] flrEcj esa
ikfdLrku us gekjs ij vke.k fd;kA gekjs fuR; izfr [kpZ yxHkx 25 djksM+ #i, dh ^HkjikbZ*
ikfdLrku dks djuh pkfg,A**1
dk dk;Z ikfdLrku us izkjEHk dj fn;k gSA blds ifj.kkeLo:i 70 yk[k fgUnw Hkkjr vk pqds gSa vkSj
'kh?kz gh 'ks"k fgUnqvksa ds Hkh vk tkus dh lEHkkouk gSA**3
1- vkxsZukbt+j] 16-1-1966] i`"B&12- Le`fr ikfjtkr] Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj] i`"B&1083- ladYi] i`"B 104&105-
dk;Zdkjh e.My us fnukad 17 vDrwcj] 1971 dks ^ckaXykns'k ds izfr Hkkjr dk drZO;* uke ls
ikfjr ,d vU; izLrko esa dgk fd ^^;fn ikfdLrku Hkkjr ij vke.k djus dk nqLlkgl djrk gS rks
'kklu fgEer ,oa n`<+rk dk ifjp; nsrs gq, Hkkjrh; lsuk ds foftxh"kq ,oa ijkeh tokuksa dh lgk;rk
ls ikfdLrku dks ,slk ikB i<+k, fd fQj dHkh ,slh k`"Vrk djus dh mldh 'kfDr gh lekIr gks tk,
rFkk ckaXykns'k dh leL;k Hkh Bhd izdkj gy gksdj leLr foLFkkfir 'kkafr ,oa lEekuiwoZd vius&vius
?kjksa dks ykSV ldsaA**1
vkikrdkyhu drZO;
fnukad 3 fnlEcj dks ;q) dh ?kks"k.kk gks tkus ij] 4 fnlEcj dks ukxiqj ls Jh xq#th us ,d
fuosnu izdkf'kr fd;k ftlesa dgk x;k Fkk] ^^jk"Vfgr loksZifj gS vkSj O;fDr] ny vkfn dk fopkj xkS.k
gSA blfy, vkt tc viuk jk"V ;q) fLFkfr esa ?klhVk x;k gS] izR;sd Lo;alsod vkSj la?kizseh O;fDr
}kjk O;fDr ds ukrs rFkk la?k ds ukrs] ns'k dh j{kk ds lHkh dk;ks esa ljdkj dks eu%iwoZd lgk;rk fd;k
tkuk LokHkkfod gh gSA**2
bl fuosnu dh yk[kksa izfr;k Lo;alsodksa us ?kj ?kj igqpkb vkSj lekt lsoh laLFkkvksa rFkk
O;fDr;ksa ds lkFk lgdk;Z djrs gq,] os jk"Vj{kk ds iz;Ruksa esa tqV x,A
drZO;ijk;.krk
igys dh Hkkfr bl ;q)dky esa Hkh Lo;alsodksa us lewps jktLFkku] mkjh iatkc] tEew] mkj
izns'k] fcgkj vkSj caxky esa vfkdfj;ksa dks viuh lsok, vfiZr dha vkSj gj izdkj dk ukxfjd lg;ksx
tqVk;kA mkj izns'k esa rks tutkxj.k dk fu;fer dk;Ze pyk;k x;kA yksxksa dks le>k;k x;k fd os
ikfdLrku&leFkZd roksa vkSj mudh lEHkkfor iapekaxh xfrfof;ksa ls lkokku jgsaA fnYyh esa jsfM;ks
dkyksuh esa izlkj.k rFkk vU; egoiw.kZ izfr"Bkuksa rFkk ut+hjkckn ds tyk'k; dh j{kk ds fy, fdaXtos
dSEi iqfyl Fkkus ds vfkdkfj;ksa us Lo;alsodksa dh lsok, izkIr dhaA fnukad 7 fnlEcj 1971 dks tc
ikfdLrkuh foekuksa us jktLFkku ds ckM+esj jsyos LVs'ku ij ce cjlk, rks 40&45 Lo;alsod rqjUr ml
[krjukd LFky ij igqpsA isVksy ds ihiksa ls ynh ,d ekyxkM+h esa vkx yx ldrh FkhA Lo;alsodksa us
1- ladYi] i`"B&1052- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 10] i`"B 211&12-
#d&#d dj gks jgh ceckjh dh ijokg u djrs gq, ihiksa dks gVkdj lqjf{kr LFkku ij igqpk fn;kA
Lej.kh; laLej.k
iatkc esa ikfdLrkuh lhek ls lVs Qkft+Ydk uxj ij vpkud vke.k gqvk o ce cjlk, x,A
vfkdka'k yksx gM+cM+kdj lqjf{kr LFkkuksa dks tkus yxsA ft+ykfkdkjh dysDVj rFkk vU; ljdkjh
vfkdkjh Hkh ml LFkku dks [kkyh dj tkus dh rS;kjh dj jgs FksA ft+yk la?kpkyd us ft+ykfkdkjh dks
iatkch ns'kHkfDr xhr lqukdj mRlkfgr fd;kA ,d ?k.Vs ds vUnj ogk dqeqd vk xbZ rFkk uxj dks cpk
fy;k x;kA
caxky esa la?k dk;ZdrkZvksa }kjk lw[ks esos ds 15000 iSdsV estj dkS'ky vkSj tujy vjksM+k dks
lkSais x,A tokuksa dks lEcksfkr gj iSdsV ds vUnj j[kh ,d eeZZLi'khZ fVIi.kh esa dgk x;k Fkk] ^^ftl
ikfdLrkuh lsuk us ckaXykns'k ij vekuoh; vR;kpkj <k, Fks] mls brus vYidky esa gjkdj vkius u
dsoy viuh cstksM+ ohjrk dk >aMk xkM+ fn;k gS] vfirq Hkkjrh; lsuk ds 'kkS;Z dh iqjkru izsj.kknk;h
ijEijk dks Hkh vkxs c<+k;k gSA lewps jk"V dks vki ij vikj xoZ gSA**1
ikfdLrkuh lsuk us vkReleiZ.k dj fn;k gSA ppkZ dk izkjEHk djrs gq, ,d i=dkj us fVIi.kh dh] fd
Jh xq#th ls feyus ds fy, muds vkxeu dk vkuUnnk;d la;ksx] bl ,sfrgkfld ?kVuk ds lkFk gqvk
gSA i=dkjksa ds iz'uksa dk mkj nsrs gq, Jh xq#th us dgk] ^^ns'k dk nks fgLlksa esa foHkkftr gksuk Hkh
vuSlfxZd gh FkkA gesa og ugha gksus nsuk pkfg, FkkA ijUrq og gqvkA vc mldk rhu fgLlksa esa cVuk
vo';EHkkoh FkkA ikfdLrku ds ;s nks fgLls nh?kZdky rd ,d lkFk ugha jg ldrs FksA fo'ks"kr% xr nl
ckjg o"kks esa] bu fgLlkssa esa xgjh dVqrk fuekZ.k gks xbZ FkhA lp rks ;g gS fd 24 o"kks dh nh?kZ vof
rd os tSls&rSls ,d lkFk jg lds] ;g vius vki esa vk'p;Z gSA**1
yksxksa ds iz;Ruksa ls gh gesa fot; izkIr gqbZ vkSj nqfu;k esa ;g fl) gks ldk fd Hkkjr l'kDr ijUrq
'kkfUrfiz; ns'k gSA blhfy, LorU=rk vkSj jk"VlEeku ds fy, tc og [kM+k gks tkrk gS] rc mldk
lkeF;Z fo'o esa vts; jgrk gSA**2
vfHkuUnu] viuh vts; lSU; 'kfDr dks vfHkoknu] Hkkjr dh Hkkoh uhfr dk fn'kk cksk vkSj xkSjo
Hkkouk;qDr jk"V dh ,dkRe 'kfDr lqn`<+ djus esa la?k lg;ksx djsxk bl ladsr dks izdV djrs g,
Jherh xkkh dks] Jh xq#th fnukad 22-12-1971 dks fy[krs gSa] ^^ns'k dh ,dkRerk] ifjfLFkfr dk
okLrfod ewY;kadu] jk"V ds LokfHkeku rFkk xkSjo j{kk dk lkFkZ ladYi blh izdkj fo|eku jgsA dsoy
ladVdky esa ugha rks lnSo lc izdkj dh jk"VksRFkku dh ps"Vkvksa esa bldh vko';drk gSA vius jk"V
dh xkSjo Hkkouk;qDr ,dkRe 'kfDr ds fuekZ.k esa jr jk"Vh; Lo;alsod la?k lnSo blesa vkids lkFk gS
vkSj jgsxkA ns'k dh izfrfufk ds :i esa vki bu lHkh vko';drkvksa dks ;ku esa j[kdj viuh jk"Vh;
rFkk fons'k uhfr fukZfjr djsaxh] ,slk eq>s fo'okl gSA vkids usr`Ro esa Hkkjr ds xkSjo esa blh izdkj
vfHko`f) gksrh jgsA**1
Jherh bfUnjk xkkh us fnukad 13-01-1972 dks Jh xq#th dks fy[kk] ^^vkidk 22 fnlEcj dk
i= eq>s Jh galjkt xqIrk }kjk 6 tuojh dks izkIr gqvkA vkidh ln~Hkkouk ds fy, kU;oknA
ns'k ds fot; esa gekjh lsukvksa ds lkgl vkSj 'kkS;Z ds lkFk&lkFk bl ladVdky esa jk"V us tks
,drk fn[kkbZ mldk Hkh fo'ks"k gkFk jgk gSA bl ,drk dks cuk, j[kuk jk"V ds fgr esa gS] tcfd ladV
vHkh iwjh rjg lekIr ugha gqvk gSA**2
1- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 7] i`"B 149&502- vkWxsZukbt+j] 16-6-1973] i`"B&93- Jh xq#th lexz% [k.M 7] i`"B&151-