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NI DUNG & MC TIU HC TP KAIZEN
Ni dung:

1: KAIZEN, KAIZEN TEIAN L CI G & TI SAO (What and Why)
2: LM CCH NO THC HIN KAIZEN TEIAN (How),
LM SAO CHO MUN & LM TH NO BIT (Want & Know)
3: KAIZEN CA AI S C THC HIN (Who)

Mc tiu ca kha hc

Sau khi kt thc bui hc, hc vin c kh nng :
1.Vit bn xut tng Kaizen trong vng ba pht.
2.Vit ra t nht 10 hnh ng khuyn khch bn thn hay nhn vin ng gp
tng Kaizen.
3.Chn ra cc xut tt s c thc hin trong s cc tng Kaizen c
xut.
4.ng gp t nht 2 tng Kaizen mi thng vi t l tng c thc hin
l. 70 %.
Kaizen l g ?

Kai l thay i Zen l tt hn

Kaizen Teian l g ?
(Kaizen): improvement (Teian): proposal
Kaizen Teian l mt h thng xut v thc hin cc tng
Kaizen ca nhn vin.
3 NH NGHA KAIZEN
Kaizen l thay i phng php hoc k nng s dng
phng tin ci tin. Kaizen l chn cch lm tt hn,
khng bm dnh vo mt cch lm, nghin cu, suy ngh
ra cch lm mi


Kaizen l thay i nh, thc hin ngay v tip tc.
Kaizen l thc hin nhng thay i c tnh thc tin v
nm trong gii hn ngun lc c sn.

LOI B
Dng ngay nhng vic lm v ch.
ng bm vo cch lm c.

3 Quy tc KAIZEN
GIM BT
Nu khng th ngng ngay tan b, th
gim bt.

THAY I
C nhiu phng php
han thnh mc tiu.
Thay i cng c.

Loi b
GIM BT

THAY I

THAY I


THAY I




THAY I
3 Nguyn l c bn KAIZEN

3 nguyn l c bn :
Thay i tng phn mt khng thay i tan th. Chia
nh vn v bt u vi mt phn nh thi
Thay i t cc gc khc nhau:
Thay i cc cp khc nhau. Khi u bng nhng
g c th c lm ngay

V d:
Vn : Ci thit b o c treo cao trn tng. Mun c c ngi ta
phi bc thang leo ln. Leo nh th rt nguy him.
Gii php:
Bn c th qun dy an tan quanh mnh, l trt chn khi thang, dy an
tan s gi bn li.
Bn c th mang bao tay v giy c bit c trng chng trt.
Bn c th gn mt tm gng hoc my camera hin th thit b o m
khng cn phi leo thang
Kaizen mang li ch cho ai ?

Ti sao cc t chc, cng ty cn xy dng Kaizen Teian ?

KAIZEN mang li li ch cho ai ?
LM SAO VIT TNG KAIZEN TRONG 3 PHT
PHIU XUT TNG KAIZEN
TN CNG TY No
NGY:
TN NGI XUT B PHN
TRC CI TIN SAU CI TIN
Chng ta gp vn ny ? Chng ta chnh sa nh th ny

HNH V (NU C)
HIU QU: Chng ta tin b mt cht
Ngi nhn xut:
Ngy:
KIN NH GI:

MU BN XUT KAIZEN

c im ca bn xut:
Trc: Vn g ?
Sau: c ci tin nh th no ?
Hiu qu: Kt qu ra sao ?
Thi gian vit bn xut: ba pht.
Ni dung 25-75 ch

3 PHT 25 CH
V D 1
TN CNG TY No
NGY:
TN NGI XUT B PHN
Nhiu khi chng ti b nng phng tay
khi m cnh ca sn en, v mu en
hp thu nhit
Ti sn li cnh ca vi mu sng hn,
khi mt tri ri sut ngy, ca s phn
chiu thay v hp thu nhit
HNH V (NU C)
HIU QU :
Cnh ca by gi mt hn v khng lm phng tay

Ngi nhn xut:
Ngy:
KIN NH GI:

V D 2
TN CNG TY No
NGY:
TN NGI XUT B PHN
Tri ma kh thy ng v nc ma
bm vo knh chn m bo him
Ti qut mt lp silicon ln b mt knh
chn
HNH V (NU C)
HIU QU
Git ma dt ra nh lp chng nc, v vy d thy ng.Li xe c an tan
hn.
Ngi nhn xut:
Ngy:
KIN NH GI:

3 H THNG

1. H thng tip nhn, x l, phn hi, h tr thc hin tng (phiu xut tng, bng tin, hp th,..

2. H thng qung b, xc tin, khen thng (bn tin Kaizen, tp ch Kaizen, i pht thanh, t chc s
kin, phn thng,...)

3. H thng o to ti ch (on job training) (phng php gii quyt vn , t duy sng to)
TIN TRNH THC HIN KAIZEN

3 GIAI ON

1.Khuyn khch: giai on u tin, ngi qun l nn h tr v khuyn khch nhn vin xut
tng m khng ch trng gi tr ca tng.

2. o to: Giai on 2 , ngi qun l cn hng dn, gi v hun luyn nhn vin cc phng php
gii quyt vn , t duy sng to nhm gip nhn vin c th ng gp c nhiu tng c gi tr

3.Hiu qu: Giai on 3, sau khi nhn vin hng hi tham gia xut tng v c o to, ngi qun
l mi ch trng n gi tr kinh t ca sng kin. Giai on 3 l thnh qu ca giai on 1 v 2.

4 BC THC HIN:

1. Nhn vin nhn dng vn , lng ph, c hi ci tin, a ra gii php ci tin v in vo phiu
xut tng (ghi n gin trong vng 3 pht)
2. Ngi qun l khen thng nhn vin c tng , xem xt, nh gi tng v phn hi cho nhn vin
trong vng 24 h. Nu tng c chp nhn, ngi qun l h tr v to iu kin nhn vin thc
hin tng. Nu tng khng thc hin c, ngi qun l s hng dn, gi , trang b cho nhn
vin cc phng php t duy , sng to v ngh nhn vin b sung tng.
3.Nhn vin t thc hin tng hay thc hin vi s gip ca ng nghip v ngi lnh o.
4.Ngi qun l cng b sng kin v khen thng nhn vin.
XC TIN & QUNG B KAIZEN

Nhn vin xc tin

Nhc nh hng ngy

Bng thng tin

Bn tin Kaizen


H thng khen thng

S cng nhn


Hi tho Kaizen

3 yu t cho bui hi tho Kaizen
1.Ci g
2.Ti sao
3.Nh th no

TIP NHN & PHN HI

. Thi gian phn hi:
Ti Dana, thng ch trong 24 gi l ngi lao ng c th bit
tng c c chp nhn khng.L tng nht l nn phn hi ngay
lp tc.
V d : Pat Pilleri qun mt nh my 750 ngi, vy m ng li c th
b ra na ngy lm vic lng nghe cng nhn. ng c tng
kin xut, ri y quyn cho cc cn b phn hi trong vng 24 gi.


Ph phn

Nhng tng b t chi
O TO & HUN LUYN

Mi cp trn c quyn sch Kaizen Nhanh v D.
M cc kha nhp mn Kaizen chng ba gi ng h, vi mctiu l
trc khi kt thc kha th cc hc vin c th vit ra cc Kaizen
trong vng ba pht vi khang 75 t.
1. Ci tin cng vic c nhn
2. Tit kim nng lng, nguyn vt liu v cc ngun lc khc
3. Ci thin mi trng lm vic.
4. Ci tin my mc v qui trnh lm vic.
5. Ci tin cng c.
6. Ci tin cng vic ti vn phng
7. Ci tin cht lng sn phm.
8. tng v sn phm mi
9. Ci tin dch v v mi quan h vi khch hng.
10.Ci tin khc.

CI TIN CI G ?

9 VNG LNG PH CN TNG CI TIN

1. Lng ph thi gian vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, dng c,...
2. Lng ph do d tr tn kho qu mc cn thit.
3. Lng ph do thi gian di chuyn hay thao tc khng cn thit ca nhn vin.
4. Lng ph do thi gian ch i con ngi, my mc, nguyn vt liu,..
5. Lng ph do sn xut vt qu yu cu ca giai on sn xut k tip.
6. Lng ph do sn xut , thc hin cng vic khng c khch hng yu cu.
7. Lng ph do lm sai, lm hng phi sa li
8. Lng ph khng gian lm vic do sp xp, b tr, dng c, my mc, con ngi,..
khng hp l.
9. Lng ph nng lng s dng.
4 K

Kusai -Nhng vt bc mi hi.
Kitsui- Nhng vt nng n hoc en ti
Kitanai-Nhng vt bn thu.
Kitken-Nhng vt nguy him

5 S

Seiri- Nhng vt d tha, khng s dng tn ng ni lm vic.
Seiton- Nhng vt phi lun tm kim khi cn s dng.
Seiso- Nhng vt, cc ni thng xuyn d, bn.
Seiketsu- Nhng vic, vt thng xuyn khng c kim tra, chm
sc.
Shitshuke- Nhng vic khng lm ng quy trnh chun hay nhng
vic cha c tiu chun ha.

4 CCH PHT HIN
C HI KAIZEN

1.Hnh tng ha s vic (tng tng) bng cch
chun b sn mt bng lit k nhng mc cn kim
tra v chp nh ni lm vic.Sau khi xem xt k
lng bng lit k v cc nh chp s pht hin
nhiu th cn ci tin.


2. Tm ra cch lm sao khng qun.

Thay nhng cu ni Hy cn thn, Phi c
thc, Phi coi chng bng Chng ta phi
thay i, khi phi cn thn, khng qun
na.


3. Mi thng kim tra cng vic, xem xt li
phng php lm vic t nht mt ln.

4.Su tp v c cc v d v Kaizen.
CI TIN NH TH NO ?
CC HNH THC KAIZEN

a. Kaizen thng qua vic s dng cc chc
nng sn c nhng cha c dng ti

b.Kaizen thng qua vic tn dng han tan
cc h thng dch v tin dng

CC HNH THC KAIZEN

c.Kaizen thng qua vic sng ch ra cc cng c
h tr
d.Kaizen thng qua bt chc, tm thng tin
cc lnh vc tng t hay cc lnh vc ch o
chuyn gii quyt cc kh khn tng t
Bc 1 : Mc ch cui cng cn t (MCC) ?

Bc 2: Hnh ng, tc ng, kt qu khng mong i, tnh trng, hin trng khng
nh mun l ci g ? (KQKM)

Bc 3: Yu t chnh yu (YTC) no gy ra hnh ng, tc ng, tnh trng
khng mong mun k trn

YTC l ci g ? Ai ? u ? Khi no ? Trong iu kin no ? Nh th no ?
(What, Who, When, Where, How), Ti sao ? (5 Why) (Tip tc cu hi trn 5 ln).
Bc 4 : Mi lin h gia YTC v KQKM l g ?

Bc 5: Lm cch no ph v mi lin h gia tc ng, kt qu khng mong i
v yu t chnh gy ra n ? (u tin s dng ci c sn, khng mt tin, hn ch
thm thay bng ci khng c sn, t tin, phc tp,...)

5.1 Dng cng c 1 v 2 loi b YTC
5.2 Nu khng lai b c th thay i YTC bng cc cng c (3,4,5,6) ph v
mi lin h gia tc ng, kt qu khng mong i v yu t chnh gy ra n.

PHNG PHP 5 BC PHT TNG KAIZEN
S dng 6 cng c Kaizen
1.Vung gm t x (ct b)
2.K sinh (loi b c thay th)
3.Sinh sn v tnh (nhn hai, nhn ba)
4.a oan (nh ra chc nng mi)
5.Khc xut khc nhp (phn chia)
6.Tc Hifi (khc bit,bt i xng).

1.Vung gm t x (ct b):
Pht tng Kaizen bng cch loi b Yu t chnh yu (YTC) gy ra hnh ng khng
mong mun
V d :


mong mun
Hot ng, chc nng, nhim v ca phn b loi b s c cc b phn khc
(c cng chc nng, cng cch sn xut, tip xc trc tip hay hot ng cng lc)
trong mi trng xung quanh thc hin
V d :


mong mun
Hot ng, chc nng, nhim v ca phn b loi b s c cc b phn khc
(c cng chc nng, cng cch sn xut, tip xc trc tip hay hot ng cng lc)
trong mi trng xung quanh thc hin
V d :


3. Sinh sn v tnh (nhn hai, nhn ba)
Pht tng Kaizen bng cch nhn i, nhn ba (a vo bn sao copy ) Yu t
chnh yu (YTC)
gy ra hnh ng khng mong mun hay cc yu t trong mi trng xung quanh
V d :


4.a oan (nh ra chc nng mi)
Pht tng Kaizen bng cch nh ra chc nng, cng dng mi cho Yu t chnh
yu (YTC) gy ra hnh ng khng mong mun hay cc yu t trong mi trng xung
quanh.

V d :


5.Khc xut khc nhp (Phn chia):
Pht tng Kaizen bng cch tch ri, di chuyn b phn (thnh phn) ca Yu t
chnh yu (YTC) gy ra hnh ng khng mong mun hay yu t trong mi trng xung
quanh sang v tr mi bn trong hay bn ngoi .Sp xp hay kt hp cc b phn
(thnh phn) khc ca Yu t chnh yu (YTC) gy ra hnh ng khng mong mun
hay cc yu t trong mi trng xung quanh theo kiu mi.

V d :


5.Khc xut khc nhp (Phn chia):
Pht tng Kaizen bng cch tch ri, di chuyn b phn (thnh phn) ca Yu t
chnh yu (YTC) gy ra hnh ng khng mong mun hay yu t trong mi trng xung
quanh sang v tr mi bn trong hay bn ngoi .Sp xp hay kt hp cc b phn
(thnh phn) khc ca Yu t chnh yu (YTC) gy ra hnh ng khng mong mun
hay cc yu t trong mi trng xung quanh theo kiu mi.

V d :


6. Phn tm nh dng(khc bit, bt i xng):
Pht tng Kaizen bng cch lm cho Yu t chnh yu (YTC) gy ra hnh ng
khng mong mun hay cc yu t trong mi trng xung quanh t hnh dng,cu to i
xng, cn i, ging nhau, lin tc tr nn bt i xng, khc bit, mt cn i, ngt
qung, thay i hnh dng, thay i chiu s dng,..

V d :

V D : Cng ty (Fujitsu) gi hn 210 thc tp sinh qua Nht o to. Sau mt thng,
Cng ty t chc cho thc tp sinh ni chuyn qua cu truyn hnh vi ngi nh, mi
ti th by hng tun. Mt ln, ng dy truyn hnh b kt, ch thy hnh,
khng nghe ting. Phng nhn s phi sp xp xe a thn nhn v
(C ngi C Mau, Sc Trng). Hy pht tng Kaizen khng phi di ngy
gp mt.
(Ngun: bo tng TSK s 4/1999, tc gi Kaizen T.T.T.C)

CC V D KAIZEN & BI THC HNH

Bi gii
Bc 1:Mc ch cui cng: Thn nhn v hc sinh c th tr chuyn vi nhau, va nghe
ting va thy hnh.
Bc 2: Hnh ng, tc ng hay kt qu khng mong i, tnh trng, hin trng khng
nh mun l ci g
(KQKMD) ?
Thn nhn thc tp sinh khng ni chuyn c vi thc tp sinh.
Bc 3: Yu t chnh yu (YTC) no gy ra hnh ng, tc ng,..khng mong mun k
trn ?
Tc truyn m thanh ca cu truyn hnh.
Bc 4 : Mi lin h gia YTC v KQKMD l g ?
Tc truyn m thanh ca cu truyn hnh cng thp th thn nhn thc tp sinh cng
khng ni chuyn c.
Bc 5:Lm cch no loi b ph v mi lin h gia tc ng, kt qu khng mong
i v yu t chnh gy
ra n ?.
Dng cng c: Cng c s 2 K sinh: Khng dng m thanh ca cu truyn hnh, ch dng
hnh nh,chc nng
ca b phn ny s c thay th bi cc b phn ca mi trng xung quanh.

tng Kaizen: Nhn hnh qua mn nh, ni chuyn qua in thoi.
V D 2

u xe hi trong bi xe ring ca cng ty, mi nhn vin c pht
mt th gi xe dn trn knh xe. Nhiu nhn vin ngh cp thm
cho h nhiu th gi xe vi l do l h c nhiu xe.
Ban qun l bi gi xe phi chp nhn cp nhiu th cho mt nhn
vin, nhng trnh trng hp nhn vin a th cho ngi thn
hay bn b s dng, hy a ra tng Kaizen sao cho p ng c
yu cu ca nhn vin ng thi ch cho php mt th u mt xe
(Ngun Triz Journal )
BI TP
Bi tp 1:
thay cc bng n ng cao khong 6 m, nh my chng ti thng hay s dng
gin gio xy dng. Cc gin gio ny c xp chng ln nhau cho n cao nht
nh (thng l 5-6 tng). thun li cho vic di chuyn trnh tho lp nhiu ln, 4
bnh xe c lp di tng cui cng. Bnh xe rt thun tin cho vic di chuyn gin
gio nhng li khng vng, gy dao ng rt ln. Dao ng ny gy tm l lo s cho
nhn vin vn hnh trn v nhiu nhn vin t chi lm vic trn cao (d kh nng
l khng th xy ra v c neo vo ct in). m bo gin khng dao ng
th thng phi tho bnh xe ra. Do thng nhn vin tho na gin (3 tng)
nng ln gn bnh xe di chuyn n ni khc, sau tho bnh xe ra v ghp tip cc
tng cn li. Phng php ny rt tn cng v mt thi gian.
(Ngun bo tng TSK, s 1/2004, Tc gi Kaizen Bi Nguyn Kha)
Hy cho tng Kaizen thc hin cng vic ny nhanh v t tn sc hn.

BI TP 2:
Cn ct mt tm nylon 1 m x 1m thnh tng si nh 5 mm x 1000 mm.
Lm sao ct nhanh ? Lm sao dao ct lu mn ?
(Ngun bo tng TSK, s 4/1999, Tc gi Kaizen L.V.K)
NH GI CC TNG KAIZEN
TNG KAIZEN KH THI CN C 3 YU T SAU:

THAY I V PHNG PHP, CNG C.

THAY I TRONG GII HN V IU KIN THC T:
Gi nguyn u im.
Loi b khuyt im
Tn dng c ci c sn, t tn km.
Khng a thm cng c, b phn, thao tc,....lm tng tnh phc tp.
Khng a thm cng c, b phn, thao tc gy kh khn trong vic iu khin.
Khng lm mt i chc nng, cng dng, mc ch ca my mc, b phn, thao tc,....

NGI XUT T THC HIN M KHNG CN H TR HAY H TR RT T.

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