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Carboxylic Acids and derivatives ( Acyl Chlorides) Worksheet 2

1 Why is the carbonyl carbon in acyl chlorides more susceptible to attack by nucleophiles?
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2 How can you follow the relative ease of hydrolysis of acyl chlorides , halogenoalkanes and
halogenoarenes in the lab? What would you observe?
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Why does ethanoyl chloride undergo hydrolysis more readily than chloroethane?

Why chlorobenzene does not undergo hydrolysis?

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Write a general equation for the reaction of an acyl chloride with an alcohol and state what
kind of reaction is it?

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6 Write an equation for the reaction of ethanoyl chloride with ethanol stating the conditions
(a) for the reaction

b) State the three steps involved in this reaction

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c) Draw the mechanism for this reaction

7 Both Phenols and alcohols have a hydroxyl group. Which of the two is a weaker nucleophile
and why?

8 Draw the mechanism for a reaction of phenoxide ions with ethanoyl chloride

9 Describe the formation of phenyl benzoate from acyl chlorides

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10 What are primary amines?

11 Draw the mechanism for a reaction between a primary amine and an acyl chloride

12 Write an equation for a reaction between ethanoyl chloride and ethyl amine. Name the
product formed.