MID YEAR EXAM 2011

CHEMISTRY FORM 4
PAPER 2 ( 2 HOURS)
SECTION A
[ 60 marks ]
Answer all questions in this section.
1. Diagram 1 shows the set up of apparatus to determine the melting point of substance X b
heating solid X until it melts. !hen the temperature of substance X is recorded e"er half minutes
when it is left to cool at room temperature.
#a$ %hat is the purpose of using water bath in the e&periment '
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
#b$ )ame one substance which its melting point can be determined b using water bath.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
(c) *odium nitrate has a melting point of +10 ,. ,an the melting point of sodium nitrate be
determined b using water bath as shown in the diagram ' -&plain our answer.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
1
#1 mark$
#1 mark$
#. marks$
#d$ -&plain wh do we need to stir the molten substance X when it is left to cool to room
temperature '
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
#e$ !he graph of temperature against time for the cooling of molten substance X is shown in
Diagram ..
Diagram .
#i$ *tate the melting point of substance X '
((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.......
......
#ii$ -&plain wh there is no change in temperature from / to 0.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
#iii$ %hat is the state of matter for substance X at 0* '
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
2
#. marks$
#1 mark$
#. marks$
#1 mark$
2. !he boiling point and melting point of sulfur is 111 , and 112 ,.
#a$ Draw the arrangement of sulfur particles at
100 , +00 , 600 ,
#+ marks$
(b) *ketch a graph of temperature against time when sulphur is heated from room temperature to
.00 , and mark the melting point.
#. marks$
+. A bit of liquid bromine is put into a gas 3ar as shown in Diagram + below. !he gas 3ar is then
co"ered with another gas 3ar and left for a few hours.



4iquid bromine
Diagram +
#a$ %hat can be obser"ed after se"eral hours '
3

..((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#. mark$
#b$ *tate the process that occurs.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#1 mark$
#c$ -&plain5 using the kinetic theor of matter how the process occurs.
(((..(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((...
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#+ marks$
#d$ Draw and label the atomic model proposed b )iels 6ohr.

#. marks$
#e$ %hat is the shortcoming of the model proposed b )eils 6ohr '
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#1 mark$
1. Diagram 1 shows the apparatus arrangement to determine the heat effect of copper #77$ carbonate.
Diagram 1
#a$ ,opper #77$ carbonate is heated and the gas produced is passed through lime water.
#i$ *tate two obser"ations after the heating performed.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
#. marks$
#ii$ %rite the chemical equation to show the effect of heat on copper #77$ carbonate.
4
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((..
#. marks$
#iii$ ,alculated the "olume of gas released at room condition if 1..1 g of copper #77$
carbonate is heated. [0elati"e atomic mass8 ,u961: ,91.: ;916: molar "olume8 .1 dm
+
]
#+ marks$
#b$ %hen lead #77$ nitrate aqueous solution is added to potassium iodide aqueous solution5 a
ellow precipitate is formed.
#i$ %rite a chemical equation for the reaction.
.....................................................................................................................................................
#. marks$
#ii$ )ame the ellow precipitate.
....................................................................................................................................................
#.marks$
#iii$ *tate the tpe of particles e&ist in the substance mentioned in b#ii$
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((...
#1 mark$
<. !able 1 shows the positi"e and the negati"e ions in salt solutions.
#a$ ,omplete the table below.
)ame of salt =ositi"e ion )egati"e ion
,opper #77$ sulphate ,u
.>
*;
1
.?
*odium sulphate
4ead #77$ nitrate
@agnesium chloride
!able 1
#6 marks$
#b$ %rite the chemical formula for
#i$ *odium sulphate 8 ((((((((
#ii$ 4ead #77$ nitrate 8 ..((((((((
#.marks$
#c$ %hat is another name for a positi"el charged ion '
5
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#1 mark$
6. Diagram < shows the set up of the apparatus used in an e&periment to determine the
empirical formula of an o&ide of copper.
Diagram <
!he following data was obtained8
@ass of the combustion tube > porcelain dish 9 .<.+0 g
@ass of the combustion tube > porcelain dish > o&ide of copper 9 <+.+0 g
@ass of the combustion tube > porcelain dish > copper 9 1A.A0 g
#a$ %hat is meant b empirical formula '
((((....................................................................................................................................
((((.................................................................................................................................
#. marks$
#b$ 6ased on the data gi"en
#i$ ,alculate the mass of copper and the mass of o&gen contained in the sample of
o&ide of copper.
@ass of copper 9 (((((((((( g
@ass of o&gen 9(((((((((( g
#. marks$
#ii$ ,alculate the mol ratio of copper to o&gen.
Bi"en that the relati"e atomic mass of ;9165 ,u961.
6
#. marks$

#iii$ %rite the empirical formula of the o&ide of copper.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#1 mark$
#c$ #i$ *tate one precautionar step to be taken while conducting this e&periment.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
(((..(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((..
#1 mark$
#ii$ Cow would ou make sure that all the lead o&ide has been reacted with
hdrogen'
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((.
#1 mark$
#d$ Diagram 6 shows the structure of aspirin.
Diagram 6
#i$ %rite the molecular formula of aspirin.
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#1 mark$
#ii$ Determine the molecular mass of aspirin. [0elati"e atomic mass8 C51: ,51.:;516]
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#1 mark$
#iii$ 7f an aspirin pill contains 0.00< mol of aspirin5 what is the mass of aspirin present
in the pill'
((..(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#. mark$
7
#i"$ Cow man molecules are there in 0.00< mol of aspirin '
[ A"ogadro ,onstant 9 6.0. X 10
.+
]
(((..((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
#. mark$
SECTION B
[ .0 marks ]
Answer an one question from this section.
A. #a$ Define the term D matter E.
#1 mark$
#b$ ,ompare matter in solid5 liquid and gas forms in terms of
#i$ the arrangement of particles
#ii$ the mo"ement of particles
#iii$ the force of attraction between particles
#2 marks$
#c$ 6 using the kinetic theor of matter5 e&plain the change in the state of matter when a
liquid boils to form a gas.
#1 marks$
#d$ Fsing element chlorine as an e&ample5 briefl describe
#i$ the electron arrangements of chlorine?+< and chlorine?+A
#ii$ the electron arrangement of chlorine ion5 ,l
?
#6 marks$
G. #a$ *tate the meaning of
#i$ 0elati"e atomic mass
#ii$ ;ne mol of a substance
#iii$ @olar mass
#i"$ @olar "olume
#G marks$
#b$
1 mole of an gas occupies .1 dm
+
at room condition
-&plain wh 16 g of o&gen gas occupies the same "olume as .. g of carbon dio&ide at room
condition. [0elati"e atomic mass 8 ;916 : ,91. ]
#1 marks$
#c$
,affeine is one of the substances in coffee. 0.2A g of caffeine consists of
0.1G g carbon5 0.0< g hdrogen5 0..G g nitrogen and 0.16 g o&gen.
!he molar mass of caffeine is 121 g mol
?1
.
8
6ased on the information abo"e5 determine the empirical formula and molecular formula of
caffeine. [ 0elati"e atomic mass 8 ,91. : C91 : ;916 : )911]
#G marks$
SECTION C
[ .0 marks ]
Answer an one question from this section.
2. #a$ Broup 1G in the =eriodic !able consists of elements known as noble gases. *tate the phsical
properties of noble gases.
#. marks$
#b$ !he phsical properties of Broup 1G elements change progressi"el down the group. -&plain
briefl the change in phsical properties of Broup 1G elements down the group in terms of
#i$ Atomic siHe
#ii$ @elting point
#iii$ 6oiling point
#i"$ Densit of elements
#G marks$
#c$ )oble gases ha"e man applications in dail life.
Describe how the noble gas is useful in our dail life.
#6 marks$
#d$ !able . shows the electron arrangements of the atoms of some noble gases.
-lement *mbol -lectron arrangement
)eon )e ..G
Argon Ar ..G.G
Irpton Ir ..G.1G.G
!able .
Fsing the information gi"en5 e&plain wh the elements are inert.
#1 marks$
10. #a$ *cientists such as Antoine 4a"oisier5 Johann %. Dobereiner5 John )ewlands5 4othar @eer and
Dmitri @endelee" ha"e contributed greatl to the de"elopment of the =eriodic !able of elements.
Describe briefl their contributions.
#10 marks$
#b$ -&plain the differences between the =eriodic !able proposed b Antoine 4a"oisier and the
@odern =eriodic !able.
#6 marks$
#c$ !he "alence electron of helium is .. 7s helium a Broup . element ' -&plain wh.
#1 marks$
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