Synchronous Radio

for Trunk Applications

SRT 1F
SRT 1F 04 28-07-2004 12:06 Pagina 1
Contents
System overview
System configuration
Main features
Equipment management
Overall systems
characteristics
2
Figure 1: Transport network
Transport Network - Fixed Operators
High capacity
Regional
Subnetworks
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The radio relay system competitive
features, such as the quick
deployment and fast network roll-out
with simple civil works as well as the
high flexibility, strongly justify a
modern telecommunications network
scenario in which radio systems and
fiber optic systems will complement
and support each other in a very
effective mixed media approach. A
combined radio fiber transport
network requires SDH radio system
designed for full compatibility with
other SDH Network Elements (fig.1)
The fast-growing demand of
telecommunication services as well
as the increased network topologies
and traffic requirements have been
pushing for a new evolution of point-
to-point radio systems for trunk
applications.
A cost effective compact Radio
System allowing a rapid installation
without any in-field alignment and
offering standard TMN interfaces has
been considered as the best choice to
suit these new market requirements.
3
Regional/National
Radio Backbones
Back up
to the Fiber
SRT 1F 04 28-07-2004 12:06 Pagina 3
The base band signals are fed through
an STM-1 optical interface or STM-1
electrical interface.
In this system, N+1 radio protection
switching is implemented on the radio
side.
On the STM-1 base band side, (1+1)
multiplex section protection is also
implemented for the STM-1 optical
interface as option.
With different combinations of RF
transmit/receive units, RF branching
network unit and modulator /
demodulator units, this system can
support the full range of radio
frequency bands recommended by ITU-R
(4G, 5G, L6G, U6G, 7G, L8G, 11G, 13G)
and frequency spacing of 28 MHz, 29M
Hz, 29.65 MHz and 40 MHz.
The system supports both alternated
and co-channel operation.
SRT 1F is a digital microwave
communication system based on the
SDH specifications conforming to
international communications standards
such as ITU-T, ITU-R and ETSI.
The SRT 1F radio forms SDH
communication network in
combination with SDH-based fiber
optical transmission system. For the
operation, maintenance and
monitoring of the whole system,
a local craft terminal, element
manager and network manager are
connected on customers requirement.
The SRT 1F system processes STM-1
(155.52 Mbit/s) base band signals in
the SDH hierarchy, limiting their
bandwidths within a single radio
frequency band stipulated by ITU-R
based on a multi-level QAM
modulation technology (such as 64
or 128 QAM depending on radio
frequency spacing) (fig.2).
System overview
4
From other main channels
Supervisory, Control& Switching subrack
Transceiver
Unit
Transceiver
Unit
MOD Tx
DEM Rx
MOD Tx
DEM Rx
STM-1
Electrical Interface
STM-1
Optical Interface
In
In
Out
Out
Clock
Engineering Order wire
Wayside traffic
Operating System Support Interface
User Channel
OPT
INT#X
OPT
INT#X
Local terminal
Main RF Channel
Protection RF Channel
Main
SD
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Figure 2: Block diagram of the system
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The SRT 1F system consists of an RF
Branching Unit, a Transceiver Unit
and a Supervisory, Control and
Switching sub-rack (SCS sub-rack).
The Branching System includes an
antenna duplexer and RF transmit /
receive filters. The Transceiver Unit
integrates the transmitter, receiver,
modulation, demodulation , STM-1
electrical base band signal processing,
unipolar hitless switch and auxiliary
signal processing functions.
The SCS base band integrates the
synchronous equipment management
function (SEMF), remote management
function (MCF), radio protection
switching, order wire, user channel,
radio user channel and system
synchronization functions.
In case of STM-1 electrical interface
system, three shelves are needed.
While in case of STM-1 optical
interface system, an additional
interface unit shelf is needed as option.
Rack Configuration/
RF CH Allocation
Rack configuration for Alternated and
Co-channel operations are the
following:
Alternated Operation
Maximum 7+1 complete system
having V-polarization and
H-polarization is configured in a
single rack
Maximum 2x(3+1) Double Terminal
complete system is configured in a
single rack
1+1 Not Expansible system with
single or double polarization is
configured in a single sub-rack
Co-channel Operation
2x(7+1) protection switching:
Maximum 7+1 complete system
having V-polarization and
maximum 7+1 complete system
having H-polarization are
configured in two racks
2x(3+1) protection switching:
Maximum 3+1 system having
V-polarization and maximum 3+1
system having H-polarization are
configured in the same rack
1+1 Not Expansible system with
single or double polarization is
configured in a single sub-rack
System configuration
Radio Protection
Switching
The maximum protection switching
(RPS) capacity is 7+1 for alternated
operation and 2x(7+1) for Co-channel
operation.
The RPS of SRT 1F system
implements a switchover between
any of working channels and
protection channel.
In this configuration, a unipolar
switch (USW) inside the Transceiver
Unit acti vates the switchover
against propagation path fading
and a bipolar switch inside the
BSW unit acti vates the switchover
against Transcei ver failures.
The USW has a one-bit error
switching mode to maintain circuit
quality for high speed fading in
very heavy propagation conditions.
USW switchover is unidirectional.
The bipolar switch is acti vated in
the event of a Transcei ver failure:
it is not hitless and it is bi-directional.
The RPS ensures redundancy of
the main signals (STM-1), Way
Side and User Channel (F1) signals.
5
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6
BRANCHING
SYSTEM
TRANSCEIVERS
AND
MODEMS
SUPERVISORY
CONTROL and
SWITCHING
OPTICAL
INTERFACE
1+1 Not Expansible System Fully Expansible System
SRT 1F: Frequency coverage
Frequency band (GHz) U 4 4 5 L6 U6 7 L8 11 13
ITU-R F series No. F.382-6 F.635-4 F.1099-1 F.383-5 F.384-6 F.385-6 F.386-4 F.387-7 F.497-5
Modulation format 128 64 64 128 64 128 128 64 128
(QAM)
Equipment layout
TRANSCEIVERS
AND
BASEBAND
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Transceiver Unit
The Transceiver Unit is an all-in-one
unit that receives the STM-1 base
band (BB) electric signals and, after
processing, it outputs the converted
signals to the antenna port via RF
Branching System at the required
Radio Frequency (fig. 3).
All the functions required for the
signal processing are enclosed in this
unit: it implements multi-level QAM
(64/128) and the corresponding
demodulation; it processes the
required SOH bytes and pointers;
it converts signals into the first IF (70
MHz), then (via synthesizer) to RF
through the second IF (844 MHz).
The STM-1 electric signals are output
from the Transceiver to the outside
via the BSW unit inside SCS sub-rack
for N+1 RPS switchover (bipolar
switchover) in the event of
a Transceiver failure.
Moreover, to reduce random errors in
transmission paths, the MLCM error
correction method is used.
In addition to the main signals, the
Transceiver also processes the input
and output signals of the 2x2 Mbit/s
Way Side traffic (one on SOH and
one on RFCOH) and of the user
channel using the F1 byte.
These signals are accessed through
BSW unit in the same way as the
main signals.
The unipolar switch and Space
Diversity DADEing function are
prepared in the unipolar stage
for constructing radio protection
switching to switchover from any
of working channel to protection
channel against fading. The orderwire
bytes (E1, E2), DCC, Service Channels,
MCF data, and RPS switchover data
are processed in the Supervisory,
Control & Switching sub-rack.
Additional functions of the Unit are
described below:
- TVE with DFE: 11-taps Transversal
Time Domain Equaliser with, 10-
taps Decisional Feedback Equaliser.
- ATPC: Saves the power
consumption and reduces
interference (10dB variable).
- PM: In addition to the conventional
error Performance Monitoring,
monitoring for send power and
receive power is added.
7
Main Features
Figure 3: Transceiver unit
TRANSMITTER
RECEIVER
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Supervisory, control, and
switching sub-rack
The SCS sub-rack provides
supervisory
and control function, including
alarm/event information
management and provisioning data
setting.
It has a shelf structure and consists
of the following units:
MCF/Controller, BSW unit and Timing
Source Unit (TSU) (fig.4).
MCF/Controller: it has the supervisory
and control functions for Transceiver
Unit; manages and controls RPS-USW
and RPS BSW; terminates the E1 and
E2 order wire bytes (EOW); terminates
the DCC line; sets security levels of
operators; manages bit error performance,
analogue monitoring and event
monitoring.
BSW: it is the BaseBand physical
interface for STM-1 signals.
It implements a switchover in the
bipolar stage for any of Transceiver
failure. The required number of
BSWs is same as the number of
working RF channels.
TSU: it supplies clock signals for
system synchronization.
The SCS can have the following
optional units installed: up to two
Embedded Channel Units (ECU)
for DCC distribution; up to two
Housekeeping (HK) units for
supervisory and control of external
communication equipment by using
housekeeping bits; one redundancy
TSU; one Occasional Interface unit
for occasional traffic on protection
channel; and one BSW Interface
for 2x(N+1) co-channel operation.
In case of Double Terminal
configuration in a single rack,
the SCS is equipped with two
MCF/Controller, two TSU, two
Occasional Interfaces, two HK units
and up to six BSW units (fig. 5).
Optical interface sub-rack
This sub-rack is only needed for
STM-1 optical interface operation.
It can provide STM-1 optical interface
S.1.1or L.1.1 and MSP protection is
available.
Branching System
The Branching System is completely
accessible from the front part of the
rack.
The high compactness of the system
enables to locate the branching for
eight channels together with the
branching for SD receiver in the same
sub-rack.
It allows mixed polarization (H and V)
inside the same rack, and the choice
of frequency and polarization of
stand-by channel (fig. 6 ).
Expansion inside the same rack can
be obtained, even from 1+0 Terminal
to 7+1 Terminal, without removing
the Transceiver Units already located
in the rack.
Up to eight channels on the same
polarization can be mounted in the
same rack .
Expansion to 2x(N+1) configuration
is also possible by adding an
expansion rack .
8
Figure 4: Supervisory, control and switching unit layout
Figure 5: Double Terminal Supervisory
control and switching sub-rack
Figure 6: Branching scheme for alternated operation
Connection
Area
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All SDH products in Siemens catalogue
use the same approach to
Telecommunication Management
Network (TMN) from the point of
view of hardware and software
architecture in order to have the
various network elements suitable
for integration under a common
management system.
SRT 1F management platform bases
upon the presence of the MCF /
Controller unit with the following
tasks (fig.7):
receiving and transmitting from/to
the controlled units all the
information required for system
management;
transmitting to Local Craft Terminal
(LCT) and the Element Manager
(EM) the alarms and measures
coming from the units
receiving controls / settings from
LCT / EM.
The information stored and processed
by MCF/Controller unit (configuration,
events, performance monitoring) are
made externally available in different
ways in order to allow the radio to be
considered as a Network Element of
the Network.
A powerful local control is managed
by a Windows PC as craft-terminal via
RS-232-C interface. The LCT handles
units status and configuration,
provides alarms and performance
monitoring and reports analogues
measures. In addition Security and
Inventory facilities are available.
9
Equipment Management
BSW
interface
To/from
exp.rack
MCF/Controller
unit
BSW
units
Transceiver
units
SCS
Subrack
LCT
Interface
towards EM
OPTICAL/PDH
subrack
Figure 7: Management architecture
SRT 1F 04 28-07-2004 12:06 Pagina 9
10
NetViewer NME Suite
The Microwave Management System
NetViewer is a versatile TMN product
for the management of PDH, SDH
and Point-to-Multipoint microwave
systems, able to supervise other
vendors devices as well through a
standard SNMP interface. An overall
view of the complete network
structure and its ability to enter
down to the Network Element details
give a clear picture of the whole
network, its configuration and
events. Fault, Configuration and
Performance management are
carried out at Network Element level;
at Network level Fault and Security
configuration are available.
Netviewer is the basic part of
Siemens offer for Network
Management oriented to microwave
networks that is represented by the
NetViewer NME Suite.
Figure 8: Example of Radio Network
NetViewer
Clients 120
NetViewer
Server
ADM
ADM
SRT 1F
SRT 1F
SRT 1F
SRT 1F
SRT 1F
SRT 1F
SRT 1F
SRT 1F
ADM
ADM
The suite is composed of a number of
modules:
NetViewer, core of the system, as
Element Manager;
SNMP Agent, a real-time
northbound interface;
TCOA (TMF CORBA Agent), a real-
time northbound interface;
NML module, as Network Manager;
HP OpenView NNM (Network Node
Manager) add-on, that allows the
integration of NetViewer in HP;
OpenView NNM (product of Hewlett
Packard);
HP-Compaq TeMIP add-on, that
allows the integration of NetViewer
in HP OpenView TeMIP (product of
HP-Compaq).
Moreover, NetViewer can be easily
integrated both in Siemens SDH TMN
platform (TNMS) with TNMS Core
Radio add-on, and in Mobile TMN
platform (Radio Commander) in order
to offer to the operator a unique
interface for management purposes.
SRT 1F 04 28-07-2004 12:06 Pagina 10
Overall system characteristics
11
RF band 4/5/U6/11GHz (40MHz)
U4GHz (29 MHz)
L6/L8GHz (29.65 MHz)
L7/U7/ 13 GHz (28 MHz)
Modulation 128QAM single carrier
64QAM single carrier
Capacity Alternated STM-1 per RF (V or H-pol.)
Co-channel 2 x STM-1 per RF (V and H-pol.)
Signal STM-1 155.52 Mbit/s electrical
Interface 155.52 Mbit/s opt. (S-1.1)
155.52 Mbit/s opt. (L-1.1)
Transmitter Output power +29 dBm (4-8 GHz) *
(measured at Tx output) +29 dBm (11 GHz)
+27 dBm (13GHz)
Local oscillator 10 ppm guaranteed (4-8 GHz)
stability 5 ppm guaranteed (11-13 GHz)
IF TX side 70/844 MHz
RX side 70/844 MHz
Roll-off factor 35 % (64QAM)
25 % (128QAM, 28/29/29.65 MHz)
Receiver Local oscillator 10 ppm (4-8 GHz)
stability 5 ppm (11-13 GHz)
Threshold BER at 10(-3) 64QAM MLCM
Measured at 4GHz -76.5
Receiver input 5GHz -76.5
(dBm) U6,11GHz -76.5
128QAM MLCM
U4 -74
L6,L7,U7 -74
8GHz -73.5
13GHz -71.5
FEC Coding method MLCM (Multi-Level Coded
Modulation)
Total bit addition 10 % for 64QAM
8.9 % for 128QAM
Adaptive (1) Frequency domain
EQL Slope equalizer(SLP)
(2) Time domain
11-tap full digital TVE with
10-tap DFE EQL in BB
XPIC Type 11-tap full digital TVE EQL
Only for CC for co-channel operation
Radio Protection Capacity (1) Max. 7+1 alternated
Switch (2) Max. 2 x (7+1) co-channel
for two (2) racks
(3) max 2x (3+1) co-channel
in one rack
Two protection CHs are activated
For V-pol and H-pol systems
Independently
Method Errorless switching
with early warning detection
SW Initiation (1) Frame loss
(2) BER 10(-3) to 10(-7)
presettable
BER is detected before FEC
(3) Signal loss
OCC Available
One OCC for N+1 system
Two OCC for 2x(N+1) system
Mechanical Rack dimensions 2,200 mm (H)
600 mm (W)
300 mm (D)
1+1N.E. 500 mm
sub rack 300 mm
DSC/AUX EOW 1 CH(E1) for omnibus
1 CH(E2) for express
External telephone set
Service - Max. 2 CH per system
channel VF and/or 64 kb/s available
For 64 kb/s, co-directional or
contradirectional (async)
- 1 CH 64 kb/s/STM-1
Co-directional/
contra-directional
using F1 byte
Service channel are doubled in
2x(N+1) configuration
Wayside Max. 2 CH/STM-1
(WS) 1CH on SOH
1CH on RFCOH
Power < 300 W for alternated
consumption 1+1 with SD, elec interface
normal power
< 560 W for alternated
3+1 with SD, elec interface
normal power
* +32 dBm high-power version available as option
SRT 1F 04 28-07-2004 12:06 Pagina 11
Siemens Mobile Communications S.p.A.
Sales Office
Viale P. e A. Pirelli, 10
20126 Milano - Italy
Phone + 39 02 243 1
G4.3 1762/1000 Siemens Mobile Communications Spa
Printed in Italy
This publication is issued to provide information only and is not to form
part of any order or contract. The products and services described herein
are subject to availability and to change without notice.
www.siemens-mobile.com
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AMP Amplifier
ATPC Automatic Transmitter Power
Control
BBC Base Band Control
BER Bit Error Ratio
BSW Bipolar Switch
DADE Differential Absolute Delay
Equalizer
DCC Digital Communication Channel
DEM Demodulator
DFE Decisional Feedback Equalizer
DSC Digital Service Channel
ECU Embedded Channel Unit/
Embedded Communication Unit
EM Element Manager
EOW Engineering Order Wire
ETSI European Telecommunication
Standard Institute
FEC Forward Error Correction
HK Housekeeping
IF Intermediate Frequency
INTF Interface
ITU International
Telecommunication Union
LCT Local Craft Terminal
MCF Message Communication
Function
MLCM Multi Level Code Modulation
MOD Modulator
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
OCC Occasional
OPT Optical
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PM Performance Monitor
QAM Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation
RDP Receiver Digital Processing
RF Radio Frequency
RFCOHRadio Frame Complementary
Over Head
RPS Radio Protection Switching
RSL Receive Signal Level
SCS Supervision, Control and
Switching unit
SD Space Diversity
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SEMF Synchronous Equipment
Management Function
STM-1 Synchronous Transfer Module
level 1
TDP Transmission Digital Processing
TMN Telecommunication
Management Network
TSU Timing Source Unit
TVE Transversal Equalizer
USW Unipolar Switch
VF Voice Frequency
WS Wayside Signal
XPIC Cross Polarization Interference
Canceller
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