Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I POLIME
1/ nh ngha
Polime (hp cht cao phn t) l cht hu c c phn t khi ln do nhiu mt xch lin kt nhau to nn.
Trong phn t polime th n gi l h s polime ha hay polime ha (s mt xch).
Cht to nn mt xch ca polime gi l monome.
V d (-CH2-CH2- )n th mt xch l... v monome l..
2/ Phn loi
a/ Theo ngun gc:
-
Polime ha hc:
+ Polime tng hp: PE, PP, PS, thy tinh hu c, nilon, t capron.
+ Polime nhn to(bn tng hp): t axetat, t visco,
b/ Theo cch tng hp:
-
c/ Theo cu trc
-
3/ iu ch:
a/ iu ch bng phn ng trng hp
Trng hp l qu trnh kt hp nhiu phn t nh (monomer), ging nhau hay khc nhau to thnh phn t
rt ln
iu kin cht tham gia trng hp: .
Monome
Polietilen
Polipropilen
Poli vinyl clorua
Poli vinyl axetat
Poli stiren
Thy tinh hu
c (Plexiglas)
T capron
Polime
Cao su buNa
Caosu buNa S
T nitron
Nilon 6,6 (loi t poliamit): iu ch t trng ngng hexametylen iamin v axit aipic
Lu : T capron iu ch bng 2 phng php trng hp capronlactam hoc trng ngng axit aminocaproic
II Cht do
L nhng vt liu polime c tnh do
Mt s cht do thng gp: PE, PP, PS, PVC, PPF, thy tinh hu c(poli metyl metacrylat).
III T
T l nhng vt liu polime hnh si di v mnh vi bn nht nh.
Phn loi:
-
IV Cao su
Cao su l vt liu polime c tnh n hi, khng dn nhit v in, khng tan trong nc nhng tan tt trong
xng v benzene. Gm 2 loi:
-