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H thng
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8/14/2006
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
3.1 Gii thiu s lc v PLC
Lch s pht trin ca PLC
Cc u nhc im chnh
3.2 Cu hnh c bn mt h PLC/HMI
Cu trc my tnh PLC
Thit k phn cng PLC
3.3 Phng php lp trnh PLC
Chun IEC 61131-3
3.4 SCADA/HMI cho gii php PLC
3.5 Cc im mu cht trong kin trc PLC/HMI
So snh DCS v PLC/HMI
3
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
3.1 Gii thiu s lc v PLC
PLC (Programmable Logic Controller):
Thit b iu khin c th lp trnh mm, lm vic theo
chng trnh lu trong b nh => my tnh iu khin
chuyn dng
Thch hp nht cho iu khin logic (thay th cc rle),
song cng c th chc nng iu chnh (PID, m,...) v cc
chc nng tnh ton khc
Ngy nay khi nim Programmable Controller c s
dng nhiu hn, mc d t vit tt PLC vn thng dng
Phm vi ng dng:
Lc u ch yu trong cc ngnh cng nghip ch to, iu
khin cc qu trnh ri rc
Ngy nay c trong iu khin trnh t v iu khin qu trnh
lin tc -> cnh tranh vi Compact Digital Controllers v cc
h DCS trong cc ng dng lai
Thit b thu thp d liu trong cc h SCADA
4
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Lch s pht trin
1968: Richard Morley sng to tng PLC cho General Motors
1969: PLC u tin (Allen Bradley v Bedford), c GM s dng
trong cng nghip -t (128 DI/DO, 1kByte b nh)
1971: ng dng PLC u tin ngoi CN -t
1973: PLC thng minh vi kh nng tnh ton, iu khin my in,
x l d liu, giao din mn hnh
1975: PLC vi b iu khin PID
1976: Ln u tin s dng trong h thng phn cp iu khin
dy chuyn sn xut
1977: mP-based PLC
1980: Cc module vo/ra thng minh
1981: PLC ni mng, 16-bit PLC, cc mn hnh CRT mu
1982: PLC ln vi 8192 I/O ra i
1992: Chun IEC 61131 (phn 1-5)
1996: Slot-PLC, Soft-PLC,...
5
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Cc u nhc imchnh
u im:
Phn cng gn nh, thit k bn chc, tin cy cao, thch
hp vi mi trng lm vic cng nghip
Kh nng x l tn hiu logic (24VDC-240VAC) v tn hiu
tng t
Kh nng m rng s u vo/ra n gin
Lp trnh v thay i chng trnh n gin vi k s in
Kh nng gim st hot ng ca dy chuyn SX, kh nng
pht hin li thit b trng t my tnh iu khin
Tnh nng thi gian thc
Nhc im
Gii php n l, cn tch hp giao din ngi-my (HMI)
Kin trc ng kn, kh tch hp sn phm ngoi
Nng lc tnh ton tng i yu
6
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
3.2 Cu hnh c bn mt h PLC+HMI
SCADA/HMI
Programming
Device
Remote I/O
(RIO)
RIO bus
Peripheral
bus
Central I/O
RS-232/RS-485
PLC
7
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Cu trc my tnh PLC
C

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v

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Ngun nui
(PS)
CPU
ng h
nhp
B nh
chng trnh
Vi x l
B nh
lm vic
Giao din
truyn
thng
T

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o
T

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h
i

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8
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Thit k phn cng PLC
a) Thit k gn
Cc cng vo/ra
Cc module vo/ra
Module truyn thng
CPU Module ghp ni Ngun
Gi
b) Thit k module
Ngun
9
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
V d: SIMATIC S7-300/S7-400
10
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
V d: PLC-5 1771
(Allen Bradley)
11
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Cc chc nng thng dng ca PLC
X l cc gi tr vo/ra:
Chuyn i D/A, A/D, lc nhiu
Hn ch tn hiu ra
iu khin:
iu khin logic, kha lin ng, iu khin trnh t
iu chnh t ng: iu khin PID, iu khin m
T chn on
X l truyn thng
12
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Cc tnh nng quan trng ca PLC
Tnh nng thi gian thc
Hiu nng CPU, dung lng b nh
X l a nhim, theo s kin v theo thi gian
Chu k vng qut, chu k task
Kh nng ghp ni vo/ra
Cc loi tn hiu vo/ra
Vo/ra phn tn
Ghp ni bus trng, bus thit b
Lp trnh thun tin
Ngn ng theo chun quc t IEC 61131-3
Kh nng iu khin lai (lin tc, trnh t v logic)
Th vin khi chc nng mnh
Kh nng ghp ni truyn thng
Kh nng h tr cc chun giao thc
Kh nng lp trnh phn tn
13
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
3.3 Phng php lp trnh
DC5V
FRCE
RUN
STOP
DC 2 4 V
V O LT
S EL E
O N
O F F
PLC
Thit b lp trnh
M chng trnh
D liu cu hnh
D liu tham s
RS232/
RS485
a)
DC5V
FRCE
RUN
STOP
DC 24 V
V OLT
S EL E
O N
O FF
PLC
Thit b lp trnh
M chng trnh
D liu cu hnh
D liu tham s
Bus
DC 5V
FRCE
RUN
STOP
DC 2 4V
V O LT
S EL E
O N
O F F
PLC
b)
14
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Chun IEC 61131: Programmable controllers
Part 1 (General Information): Cc nh ngha chung v cc c tnh
chc nng tiu biu (c ch thc hin tun hon, nh qu trnh,
thit b lp trnh v giao din ngi-my)
Phn 2 (Equipment requirements): Cc yu cu in hc, c hc
v chc nng cho cc thit b (nhit , m, cung cp ngun,
khng nhiu, phm vi tn hiu logic v sc bn c hc), phng
php kim tra v th nghim cc kiu thit b.
Phn 3 (Programming languages): M hnh phn mm v cc
ngn ng lp trnh.
Phn 4 (Guidelines for users): Cc nguyn tc ch o cho nh
tch hp h thng (phn tch h thng, la chn thit b, vn hnh,
bo tr h thng).
Phn 5 (Communication): Cc khI chc nng truyn thng gia
cc PLC cng nh gia PLC v mt thit b khc trn c s cc
khi hm chun.
15
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
3.4 My tnh gimst SCADA/HMI
Thit b HMI chuyn dng:
Operator Pannel (OP), Touch Pannel (TP)
Thit k gn, bn cng nghip cao, gi thnh cao
Ring cho mt h PLC (giao thc c quyn) hoc cho nhiu
h PLC (giao thc m)
Phn mm c s ci t sn
Pht trin ng dng HMI vi PC + phn mm cng c pht
trin cung cp km theo
PC ph thng, PC cng nghip:
S dng a nng, linh hot
Pht trin ng dng vi mt cng c SCADA/HMI chuyn dng
(c lp) hoc vi mt cng c lp trnh ph thng
C th thc hin thm cc chc nng qun l d liu, iu
khin cao cp,...
Kt hp vi PLC xy dng mt h ln
16
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Thit b HMI chuyn dng
17
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
Phn mmHMI/SCADA chuyn dng
Thng thng chy trn PC + Windows
C kh nng ghp ni vi nhiu loi PLC ca nhiu
hng
Pht trin ng dng bng cch son tho v cu hnh
thay cho lp trnh
> 50 sn phm c mt trn th trng
Cc sn phm ni ting:
iFIX (Intellution, GE Fanuc)
InTouch, Factory Suits (Wonderware)
WinCC (Siemens)
RSView (Rockwell Automation)
18
Chng 3: Kin trc PLC/HMI
2006 - HMS
3.5 Cc immu cht ca kin trc PLC/HMI
Kin trc h thng: linh hot, lng lo
Theo chiu ngang: PLC khng c thit k ngay t u cho
cu trc iu khin phn tn
Theo chiu dc: tch bit r rt gia cp iu khin vi cp
iu khin gim st, khng c c s d liu chung
Pht trin h thng: ring bit cho tng phn
Giao din qu trnh: ch yu theo cch ni dy truyn
thng (vo/ra tp trung hoc vo/ra t xa)
C ch lm vic: ch yu theo c ch vng qut hoc
theo s kin
Thch hp vi iu khin logic, iu khin trnh t
t thch hp vi cc bi ton iu khin qu trnh