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dht kfr gSAml dksdgrsgSSesoAt kseso t kfr dseql yeku gSaAjkt LFkku vkSj
gfj; k.kkdk,d bykdkghdgykrkgSaAft l dkuke gSesokrArksesokr oks
bykdkgSaAft l esaeso t kfr dseql yeku jgrsgSaAeso t kfr dseql yeku Hkhxk;
dkscpkusdsvkanksyu esa1870dsl ky l s'kkfey gSaAjkVt kfr dseql yeku Hkh
xk; dkscpkusdsvkanksyu esa1870dsl ky l s'kkfey gSaAekusD; kgSaAxk; dks
cpkukfl i QZfgUnqvksadkdke ughaAxk; dkscpkusdsfy; seql yeku HkhyM+jgs
gSaAvkSj ml t ekusdscM+s&cM+seql yekuksadst ksekSyohgSaAoksl c dgjgsgSafd
xk; cpsxhrksge cpsxsaAekusoksmudhvkfFkZd t hfodkdkl k/ u gSaAdqN
eq l yeku gaSt ksxk; dknw/ cspdj vi uht hfodkpykrsgSaAdqN eql yeku gS
t ksxk; dk?khcspdj vi uht hfodkpykrsgSaAdqN eql yeku gSt ksxk; nw/
l scuusokyhfeBkbZ; kacspdj vi uht hfodkpykrsgaSA
fgUnqLrku dhnwl jhreke t krh; kyM+jghgSaxk; dkscpkusdsfy; sA
; gvaxzst ksaadhfji ksVZesaysUl Mku usfy[kok; kvkSj oksfji ksVZfczfV'ki kfyZ; kesaV
esai gqphArksjkuhfOgDVksfj; kusml i j ,d fVIi .khdh] 8 fMl acj 1893 dks
fOgDVksfj; kus,d fphfy[khysUl Mku dksAoksfphdki gyki Wjkxzki QD; k
gSaAfOgDVksfj; kfy[kjghgSfd fgUnqLrku esaxk; dkdRy canughagksukpkfg; sA
vkSj fgUnqLrku esaxk; dsdRy dscgkusfgUnqvkSj eql yekuksadschp esa,d njkj
i Snkdjuhpkfg; sAvaxzst ksadhges'kkl suhfr jghgSAckVksvkSj jkt djks(fMokbZM
,a M#y) rksvaxzst ksadhokst ksuhfr gS^ckVksvkSj jkt djks* dhml uhfr dsrgr
fOgDVksfj; kfphfy[kjghgSysUl Mku dksfd eql yekuksadksbl ckr dsfy; s
i zksRl kfgr fd; kt kukpkfg; sfd oksxk; dkdRy djsasAD; kas\ vxj fgUnqvksadks
; gi rkpysxkfd eql yeku xk; dkdRy dj jgsgSarksfgUnqvkSj eql yekuksads
chp >xM+s'kq#gkst k; saxsAvkSj fgUnqvkSj eql yekuksadschp >xM+s'kq#gkst k; saxs
rksvaxzst ksadhl jdkj fVdsxhvkSj ml dksjkT; djusl sdksbZjksd ughal drkA
rks,d t ekusesa1870l s1893 rd t kseql yeku fgUnqLrku dhxk;
dkscpkusdsvkanksyu esayxsgq; sgSaAfi Qj vaxzst ksadhuhfr; ksadsdkj.keql yekuksa
dksxk; dkdRy djusdsfy; si zksRl kfgr fd; kt k; sA; gjkuhdhfphgSaAysUl
Mku dsfy; svkSj oksfphge yksxksadsi kl gSaAbl dsvk/ kj i j eSa; gdgjgk
gwAvaxz st ksausfgUnqvkSj eql yekuksadschp esa>xM+kdjkusdsfy; s] fgUnqvkSj
eql yekuksadschp esanjkj i Snkdjusdsfy; seql yekuksadksxk; dkVusdsfy;si zsfjr
fd; kvkSj oksdSl sfd; kAml dhuhfr Hkht kfu; sAysUl Mku dkst c jkuhdh
fphfeyhArksysUl Mku us,d uhfr cukbZAuhfr D; kcukbZ\ ysUl Mku us
; g i QSl ykfd; kfd vaxzst ksadspyk; sx; sft rusdRy dkj[kkusgSamu dRy
dkj[kkuksaesaukSdjhfl i QZeql yekuksadksnht k; sxhArkfd i wjsfgUnqLrku esabl ckr
dki zpkj fd; kt k, fd gj dRy dkj[kkusesansf[k; sxk; dkVusdkdke eql yeku
dj jgsgSaaArksvaxzst ksaauscdk; nk; guhfr cukbZAvkSj ml uhfr dsrgr vaxzst ksa
dsgj rjgdscuk; sx; sdRy dkj[kkuksesaeql yekuksadksuksdjhnsusdkdke 'kq#
fd; kAeql yekuksadksfjt osZ'ku dsvk/ kj i j dRy dkj[kkukasesauksdjhnhx; hAt c
eql yekuksausdRy dkj[kkuksaesaukSdjhdjusdkdke 'kq#dj fn; kAdki Qh
eql yekuksadksvaxzst ksaaust cjnLrhekjdj i hVdj xk; dkdRy djokusdsfy; s
rS; kj fd; kAl kekU; #i l sdksbZeql yeku ml dsfy; srS; kj ughaFkkA
ml t ekusesat c eql yeku xk; dkdRy djokusdsfy;srS;kj ughaFksA
rksvaxzst ksaadhl jdkj useql yekuksadksekjuk] i hVuk] mudks/ edkuk] mudksrjg&rjg
dsykyp nsusdkdke 'kq#djokfn;kAvkSj / hjs&/ hjsvaxzst ksausl kjsns'kesa;gi zpkj
djokuk'kq#dj fn;kAnsf[k;s] xk; ge ughadkVrsAeql yeku dkVrsgSaA
vkSj l PpkbZ; ggSfd jkuhusfphesafy[kkFkkfd eql yeku xk; dkVsaxs
t #j ys fdu oksgekjsfy; sdkVsaxsAgekjhi QkSt dsfy; sdkVsaxsAvaxszt ksdksxk;
dkekal pkfg; sArkseql yeku] xk; dkVsaxsgekjsfy; svkSj fgUnqLRkku dht urk
dksfn[kkbZnsxkfd xk; dVjghgSeql yekuksads}kjkAbl esat ksewy O; fDr gSa
xk; dksdVokusokyk] oksewy vaxzst gSAxk; dksdVokusokykmudkpsgjkyksxksa
dksfn[kkbZughansxkAvkSj ; guhfr i wjsfgUnqLrku esavaxzst ksaausykxwdhAbl uhfr
dhl i QyrkgqbZAl i QyrkD; kgqbZ\ fd fgUnqLrku esat xg&t xgfgUnq&eql yekukas
dsnaxs'kq#gksx; sAvaxzst ksaausvi usvki dkscpkfy; kAvkSj fgUnq&eql yekuksads
chp esamUgksausHksni Snkdj fn; kAxk; dkdRy djokdsvkSj bl rjgl sfgUnqLrku
esavaxzst ksaadhcukbZx; hoksuhfr pkywgksrhx; hA
vkt knhfeyusds'kq#dsnkSj esaD; kgqvkfd fgUnqLRkku dscgqr l kjs
usrkFkst ksxk; cpkusdsi z'u i j l cl sT; knkfpafrr FksAmuesal si afMr enu eksgu
ekyoh; Aekuksenu eksgu ekyoh; dsi wjsvkanksyu dsdsUnzesaxk; gqvkdjrh
FkhALokehn; kuanl jLorhdsi wjsdsUnzesaxk; gqvkdjrhFkhAegkRekxka/ hus
rksml ckr dksdbZckj dgkAxka/ ht hust c vi ukvkanksyu 'kq#fd; kAml
vkanksyu dh'kq#okr esavkSj vkanksyu chp esavkSj vkanksyu dscknesaHkhdbZckj
; gdgkfd] LojkT; l sT; knkegoi w.kZgSxkSj{kkAvkSj esjsfy; sxk; dk
dRy ,d ,sl kghgSt Sl sfdl hO; fkQdkdRy fd; kt kjgkgksA fgUnqLRkku dh
vkt knhdhyM+kbZyM+usokysreke usrkvksadsfy; sxk; dki z'u cgqr ghdsUnzh;
i z 'u FkkAcgqr ghewy i z'u FkkArksxka/ ht ht Sl syksxksausxk; dsi z'u dksmBk; kA
Lokehn; kuan] enu eksgu ekyoh; t Sl syksxksausxk; dsi z'u dksmBk; kAyksdekU;
fryd usxk; dsi z'u dksmBk; kAvkSj mu yksxksadsi kl xk; dsi z'u mBkusds
i hNs,d ghi jai jkFkhfd t ksfgUnqLrku esa1870esakafr gqbZFkhAcxkor gqbZFkhA
1857vkSj 1870dschp esat ksvkanksyu pysFksoksxk; dsi z'u dksysdj egoi w.kZ
vkanksyu pysFksArksvkxsHkhbl ns'kesa; gegoi w.kZdke gksrkjgsxkAchp esa
vkt knhdhyM+kbZdh,sl h?kM+hvk; hfd t c yksxkasdksyxusyxkfd vaxzst ns'k
NksM+dj pyst k; saxsAvkSj vaxzst ksadksfgUnqLrku NksM+dj t kuki Ms+xkAvaxzst ksadks
ns'kNksMdj t kuki Ms+xkA,sl hckr fn[kkbZnsusyxh1940dsl ky l sA
1940ds,d l ky i gys,d cgqr egoi w.kZ?kVukgqbZAft l dkft
eSadjukpkgrkgwAykgkSj ,d 'kgj gSAi gysfgUnqLrku dkfgLl kFkkAvHkh
i kfdLrku esagScVokjsdscknAykgkSj 'kgj esavaxzst ksaus,d dRy dkj[kkuk[kksyk
1939 dsl ky esaAvkSj oksdRy dkj[kkuk; kaf=kd FkkAesdsukbZt FkkvkSj cM+si Sekus
i j ml esaxkSoa'kuanhdkdRy gksl drkFkkA; gvaxzst ksausi QSl ykfd; kFkkArks
1939 esat ksykgkSj esadRy dkj[kkuk[kksykx; kAml dsfy; sl cl st cjnLr
vkanksyu fd; ki afMr t okgjyky usg#usAi afMr t okgjyky usg#us1939 dsml
dRy dkj[kkusdkscandjkusdsfy; svkanksyu 'kq#fd; kvkSj oksvkanksyu l i Qy Hkh
gq vkA1939 esavaxzst ksadhl jdkj usykgksj esat ksdRy dkj[kkuk[kksykFkkAoks
cangksx; kAml dRy dkj[kkusdkscandjkusdsl e; i afMr usg#t ksHkk"k.kfn; k
djrsFksml dh,d ykbZu dkft vki dschp esadj jgkgwAi afMr usg#dgk
djrsFksfd t c eSat kuojksadkdRy gksrsgq; sns[krkgwrksvanj l sessjhvkRek
phRdkj djrhgSAvkSj mudk; gdgukFkkvkSj mudk; gekuukFkkfd vxj
oksvkt knfgUnqLrku esafdl hegoi w.kZi ni j i gqpsrksoks,d ,sl kdkuwu cuk
nsxsaAft l l sfgUnqLrku esaxk; dkdRy cangkst k; sxkAxkSoa'kdkdRy cangks
t k; sxkA ; gi afMr usg#dsHkk"k.kgSaA
vkSj ,sl sgh,d Hkk"k.kesafgUnqLrku dsi gysjk"Vi fr MkW- jkt sUnzi zl kn
dgjgsgaSfd eq>sekl kgkj fcydq y i l anughaAvkSj eSapkgrkgwfd fgUnqLrku
esavf/ d l svf/ d yksx 'kkdkgkjhgkasArksbl dsfy; st #jhgSfd fgUnqLrku esa
ekl kgkj dkpyu canfd; kt k,Arksekl kgkj pyu candjusdsfy; sl cl sT; knk
t #jhgSfd ekal mRi knu dst ksdsUnzpy jgsgaSbudkscanfd; kt k; sArksi afMr
jkt sUnzi z l knusHkhvkt knhdsi gysbl rjgdkl adYi fy; kfd eSadHkhfgUnqLrku
esavkt knhdscknvxj fdl hegoi w.kZi ni j vk; kArksxk; dkekal t gk
mRi knu gksrkgS] xkSoa'kdkt gkdRy gksrkgSAfgUnqLrku dst kuojksadkt gk
dRy gks rkgSA; gl kjsmRi knu dssUnzcandjoknsaxsAvkSj bl dsfy; sge dsUnzh;
Lrj i j dkuwu cuok; saxsA,sl hHkkoukFkhA; gnksukasO; fkQfgUnqLrku dsl cl saps
f'k[kj i j cSBsAi afMr t okgjyky usg#fgUnqLrku dsi gysi z/ kuea=khcusAvkSj MkW-
jkt sUnzi zl knfgUnqLrku dsi gysjk"Vi fr cusArksfgUnqLrku dsi z/ kuea=khvkSj
jk"Vi fr cuusl si gysnksukssasusrk; gekursFksfd xk; dkdRy ughagksukpkfg; sA
xkSoa'kdhj{kkgksuhpkfg; sAvkSj ekal mRi knu dst ksdsUnzpy jgsgSai wjsns'kesa
budkscandjknsukpkfg; sAnksukasusrkvksadh; gekU; rkFkhfd ekal mRi knu ds
dsUnzdkscandjkusdsfy; svxj t #jr i Msrksge dsUnzh; Lrj dkdkuwu cuk; sxsaA
ysfdu esjkl cl scM+knqHkkZX; ; ghgSfd vi usi wjs'kkl u dky esai afMr
t okgjyky usg#vkSj MkW-jkt sUnzi zl knxkSoa'kdhj{kkdjusokykdkuwu ghughacuk
i k; sAckdhcgqr l kjsdkuwu mUgksauscuk; sA1955 dsl ky esai afMr usg#us
i kfyZ; kesaVesa,d Hkk"k.kfn; kgSaAml Hkk"k.kdhi QksVksdkWi hHkhgekjsi kl gSAoks
Hkk"k.ki afMr usg#nsjgsgSa1955 esai kfyZ; kesaVdsvanjAgqvkD; kgSA,d l kal n
usxkSoa'kdhgR; kdksjksdusdsfy; s,d fo/ s; d i kfyZ; kesaVesayk; kfd xkSoa'kdh
gR; kjksdht kuhpkfg; sAbl dsfy; s,d fo/ s; d vk; kl al nesaAml fo/ s; d i j
cgl gksjghgSArkscgl djrsl e; i afMr usg#dgjgsgSafd ml fo/ s; d dks
rRdky jn~nfd; kt kukpkfg; sAekusxkSoa'kdRy pkywjgukpkfg; sAvkt knhds
i gys,d ckr dgjgsgSavkSj vkt knhfeyusdscknt c oksi z/ kuea=khcu x; s
gSaArksi kfyZ; kesaVdsvanj ml dhBhd nwl jhckr dgjgsgSaAnksLrks] vkt ; g
t ksfgUnqLrku dsusrkgSal kkfeyusdsckn nwl jhckr dgrsgSaA; g i ji ajk
fgUnqLrku esavkt knhdsl ky l sghi M+hgqbZgSA; gdksbZvkt dhi ji ajkughagSA
bl fy, vkt dsusrkvksadksns[kdj er jksbZ; sA
ml t ekusdst ksl cl scM+susrkekust kusokysyksx l kkfeyusl si gys
xk; dsdRy dkfojks/ djrsgSavkSj l kkfeyusdsckn; gdgrsgSafd xk; ds
dRy pkywjgukpkfg; sAbl l sT; knkfojks/ kHkkl vkSj D; kgksl drkgSAvkSj oks
nksuksvknehMkW- jkt sUnzi zl knvkSj i afMr t okgjyky usg#Hkwy x; sfd fgUnqLrku
esaxk; dsdRy dksjksdusdsfy; s,d dsUnzh; dkuwu cukusdhckr mUgksausdgh
FkhAvkt knhdsi gysvkSj vkt knhdsl ky esaoghughagksi k; kvkSj vkt rd
ge l cdk] vki dknqHkkZX; gSafd vkt knhfeysgq; s50l ky gksx;sgSaysfdu dsUnzh;
Lrj i j vkt rd ,sl kdksbZdkuwu ughacu i k; kAft l l sbl ns'kesai 'kqvksadsdRy
dksjksdkt kl dsAvkt knhdsi gysft l rjgl sns'kpyrkFkkAvkt knhdsckn
HkhoSl sghns'kpy jgkgSA
nqHkkZX; l svkt T; knk[kjkc gkyr gSaAvkadM+s; gcrkrsgSafd vaxzst ksa
usfgUnqLrku esa350dRy dkj[kkuspyk; sAvkt vkt knhds50l ky esafgUnqLrku
esa36 gt kj dRy dkj[kkusgSaAt c vkt knhughafeyhFkhrks350dRy dkj[kkus
Fks Avc vkt knhfeyusdsckn36 gt kj dRy dkj[kkusgaSAvkSj muesal s,d ,d
dRy dkj[kkukfdrukt cjnLr gSfd ,d&,d dRy dkj[kkus,sl sgSadsnl gt kj
i 'kqjkst dkVst krsgSaA; ghcacbZesagSaAnsoukj esagSaaAesjB esagSAvydchj dk
gSAdydkkesagSaAfgUnqLrku dsreke ,sl scM+s&cM+s,sl sdkj[kkusgaSft uesa,d fnu
esade l sde nl gt kj i 'kqdkVfn;st krsgSaAvki t jkdYi ukdfj;sfd ft ruh
nsj esavki dkpkSchl ?kaVkchrrkgSaAekusvki jkr dksl ksrsgSvkSj vxysfnu
jkr dksl ksusdhrS; kjhdjrsgSaAmruhnsj esanl gt kj t kuojksadhcfy ysyh
t krhgSaA
D; kgkyr gSabl ns'kdhAvaxzst ksaadst ekusdsvkadM+scrkrsgSaeaSusvki
l sdgkfd yxHkx 30l ky dsvanj vaxzst ksausfgUnqLrku esanl djksM+xkSoa'kdk
dRy djok; kAvkt vkt knhds50l ky esaft l l ky l sgesavkt knhfeyhgSaaml
l ky l s1997l s1998dsl ky rd vkrs&vkrsfgUnqLrku esayxHkx 38djksM+
xkSoa'kdkuk'kfd; kt kpqdkgSAvaxzst ksaus30l ky esadjok; kyxHkx nl djksM+
vkSj gekjhl jdkj usi pkl l ky esadjokfn; k38djksM+AxkSoa'kdkdRy ekus
i pkl djksM+xk; ] uanh] cNMs+&cNM+h; k; gl c dkVst kpqdsgSaAft rusl ky esa
vki usvkt knhdsi pkl l ky i wjsfd; svkSj vki t jkdYi ukdfj; sfd vxj ; g
38djksM+; k50djksM+xkSoa'kdst kuojksadkscpkfy; kt krkArksfgUnqLrku esa
vkt l ai khvkSj l ai nkfdruhgksrhAi Sl kfdrukgksrkA
D; ksafd vki dksekywe ughagSaA,d xk; ?kj dsnjokt si j vxj ca/ hgSA
vkSj oksl kyHkj nw/ ns; kuknsfcuknw/ dhxk; vxj vki dsnjokt si j ca/ hgqbZ
gSarks,d l ky dsvanj oksxk; i Pphl gt kj #i ; sdki QVhZyk; t j i SnkdjrhgSaA
[kkni SnkdjrhgSaAft l dksvki xkscj dgrsgSaArksvxj ,d xk; i Pphl gt kj
#i ; sdki QVhZyk;t j i SnkdjrhgS,d l ky esa] rksxkSoa'kdst ksi pkl djksM+i 'kqvksa
dkdRy gksx; kgSaArksvki l ksfp; sfdrusdjksM+#i ; sds[kkndkuqdl ku fd; k
gSageusfi Nysi pkl l ky esaAvkSj vki l c t kursgSavkSj ge Hkht kursgSafd
xk; dkxkscj vxj [ksr esauki M+srksxsgwughagksl drkAxk; dkxkscj vxj
[ksr esauki Ms+rkspukughagksl drkAeVj ughagksl drhAvkSj xsgwpukeVj
vxj ughagksl drkrksgekjki sVughaHkj l drkArksft l xk; l sgedksbruh
egoi w.kZvkSj cs'kdherhpht fey jghgSml dkge usuqdl ku fd; kgSAdjksMkas+
#i ; s[kkndkuqdl ku gqvkgSfi Nysi pkl l kyksaesaAvkSj vki eku yhft , ,d
l ky esa,d xk; nl l si anzggt kj #i ; sdknw/ nsrhgksArks; gt ks38djksM+
xkSoa'kdkuk'kgqvkgSfi Nysi pkl l ky esaA;gfdrusdjksM+#i ; sdsnw/ dkuk'k
dj fn; kgSgekjhl jdkj usAvkSj vki dksekywe ughagS] fd xk; dkxkscj vkSj
xk; dknw/ Aml l sHkhT; knkegoi w.kZgSxk; dkew=kAvkSj vki dks; gt kudj
[kq'khgks xhvkSj vk'p; ZHkhgksxkdhxk; dseq=kl s108rjgdhnok; ascurhgSaA
vkSj gekjsns'kdsvk; qoZsndst kscM+sxazFkgSapjdl afgrk] l qJ qr] gfjr l afgrkbu
l Hkhvk; qosZndsxazFkksesaxk; dkew=kcgqr fo'ks"kfdLe dhnokekukt krkgSA
,d chekjhgSml dkuke gSMk; fcVht A; gMk; fcVht uke dhchekjh
dkdksbZbykt ughagSgksfe; ksi SFkhesaAdksbZbykt ughagS,syksi SFkhesaAvkSj dksbZ
bykt ughagSnqfu; kdhfdl hi SFkhesaAMk; fcVht dksdaVksy rksfd; kt kl drk
gSysfdu ml dkbykt djukcgqr eqf'dy gSA,syksi SFkhokysrksdHkh; gxkajVh
nsughal drsfd oksMk; fcVht t Sl hchekjhdksBhd dj l drsgSaAMk; fcVht dks
daVksy dj l drsgSaysfdu Bhd ughadj l drsAoksMk; fcVht t Sl hchekjhxk;
dsew=kl sges'kk&ges'kkdsfy; s[kRe gkst krhgSaArksxk; dknw/ Axk; dkxkscjA
xk; dkew=kA; gl c cgqr t #jhpht sgSaAvkSj vxj 38djksM+xkSoa'kdsi 'kqvksa
dkuk'kgqvkgSfi Nysi pkl l ky esarksvki vankt kdfj; sfd fdrusyk[kdjksM+
#i ; sdhge uscckZnhdhgSbl ns'kesafi Nysi pkl l ky esaA
vkSj vkt Hkhvki dkseSat kudkjhnwfd fgUnqLrku esabl l e; Hk; adj
l eL; kpy jghgSai sVksy dhvkSj Mht y dhAi sVksy vkSj Mht y dhl eL; kt kspy
jghAoksD; kgS\ Hkkjr l jdkj gj l ky ; ghdgrhjgrhgSfd fgUnqLrku esai sVksy
vkSj Mht y dsnke c<+k; st kuspkfg; sAD; w\ D; ksafd Hkkjr l jdkj dsvkWby i wy
vdkmUVdkMsfi Qfl Vc<+rkghpykt krkAdHkhi wjkghughagksrkgSAoksvkWby
i wy vdkmUVesages'kk?kkVkjgrkgSgt kjksdjksM+dkAml vkWby i wy vdkmUV
dsMsfi Qfl Vesarks; gi sVksy vkSj Mht y dkT; knkfgLl kckgj l svk; kr djuk
i MrkAvkSj t Sl s&t Sl svki ds#i ; sdhdher fxjrhpyht krhgSAoSl s&oSl sckgj
l svkusokysi sVksy vkSj Mht y dknke c<+rkpykt krkgSAD; ksafd vki dk#i ; k
fxjsxkrksckgj l svkusokyhpht ksadkvk; kr egxkgksrkpykt k; sxkArksvki ds
ns'kesa#i ; kfxjrkpykt krkgSA1947dsl ky l svkt 1997os1998dsl ky
rd vki ds#i ; sesal SdM+ksVDdkdhfxjkoVvk; hgSA
fi Nysl kr o"kkasZaesagekjs#i ; sesa120VDdkdhfxjkoVvk; hgSA1991
dsl ky esagekjsns'kesa,d MkWyj esa18#i ; kgksrkFkkAvkt ,d MkWyj esa40]
41] 42 #i ; sdsvkl &i kl Hkko gSA120% dh; gt ksfxjkoVvk; hgS#i ; seasA
bl dsdkj.kD; kgqvkgSAvki dsns'kesavkusokykMht y vkSj i sVksy 120% egxk
gksx; kArkst Sl s&t Sl sMht y vkSj i sVksy egxkgksrkt kjgkgSAoSl s&oSl sbl ns'k
esavkWby i wwy vdkmUVdkMsfi Qfl VHkhc<+rkt kjgkgSArksHkkjr l jdkj D; k
djrhgSAHkkjr l jdkj vkWby i wy vdkmUVdsMsfi Qfl Vdksi wjkdjusdsfy;svki
t Sl syksxksadsi j pkt ZyxknsrhgSvkSj i sVksy] Mht y dknke c<+knsrhgSA
,d ckj cSxyksaj esa,d cM+hHkkjhdkWUsl gqbZAml esal jdkjhvf/ dkjh
'kkfey FksAml esans'kdscM+s&cM+svFkZ'kkL=kh'kkfey FksAml esagekjsns'kdscM+s
l kekft d 'kkL=khHkh'kkfey FksAeSaHkhml esaxyrhl spykx; kFkkAxyrhl s
bl fy, dgrkgwfd esjst Sl syksxkasdksogkughat kukpkfg; sAD; ksafd oksft l
[kksi M+hl sdke djrsgSaAgekjh] gekjkfnekx ghml l sfcydqy vyx pyrkA
ysfdu nqHkkZX; dhckr eSaogkx; kAeq>sHkhml dkbufOgVs'ku FkkArksogkckrs
py jghFkhavkSj Hkkjr l jdkj dk,d vf/ dkjhfparkO; kQdj jgkFkkfd dSl s
ge ; gvkWby i wy vdkmUVdkMsfi Qfl Vi wjkdjsaArksreke yksxksusvi usvi us
l q>ko fn;sAl c yksxksdsl q>ko ml usl qu fy; asAfi Qj ml usdgkjkt ho HkkbZvki dk
D; kl q>ko gSfd ; gHkkjr l jdkj vkWby i wy vdkmUVdkMsfi Qfl VdSl s[kRe
djsArkseSusdgkfd eSaesjkl q>ko nsusl si gysvki l snksl oky i qNukpkgrkgwA
i gyseq>sesjsnksl okyksadkt okc nhft ; srksesaessjkl q>ko nsusdksrS; kj gwArks
mUgksausdgk&l oky i wfN; sArksml vf/ dkjhl seSausi wNkfd vki eq>s; gcrkb; s
fd fgUnqLrku esa,d xko l snwl jsxko t ksl keku t krkgSAgekjsns'kesat ksxqMl ~
dkV kUl i ksVZss'ku gksrkgSAt kseky ,d t xgl snwl jht xgt krkgSAbl eky dks
,d t xgl snwl jht xgi gqpkusesafdrukfgLl kgSt kscSyxkfM; ksal sgksrkgSvkSj
fdrukfgLl kgSt kseksVj dkj vkSj jsy l svkSj gokbZt gkt l sgksrkgSAbl dks
rduhdhHkk"kkesavxj dgwArksesjkl oky ,sl kgSfd fgUnqLrku esaxqMl ~ds
VkUl i ksVZs'ku esavkWjXukbt l sDVj dkfdrukfgLl kgSaAvkSj vuvkWjXukbt l sDVj
dkfdrukfgLl kgSaArksml vf/ dkjhust okc fn; kfd] jkt ho HkkbZvkt Hkh
fgUnqLRkku esa,d eky t ks,d xko l snwl jsxko esai gqprkgSa] eky dkVkUl i ksVZVs'ku
gksrkgS] ml esal s60% eky cSyxkfM; ksads}kjk,d t xgl snwl jht xgi gqpk; k
t krkgSA60% ekusfgUnqLrku esat ksVksVy VkUl i ksVZs'ku vki QxqMl ~gSml esa
60% gekjsns'kdsi 'kqvksadhrkdr l s,d xko l snwl jsxko i gqprkgSAfl i QZ
40% V kUl i ksVZs'ku gSxqMl ~dkt ksjsyxkMh}kjkgksrkgS] gokbZt gkt }kjkgksrk
gS] Vdksads}kjkgksrkgS] ykWjhds}kjkgksrkgSafl i QZ40%A

rkseaSusml s,d nwl jkl oky fd; kfd vxj vki ; gfgl kc crkrsgSa
fd 60% VkUl i ksVZs'ku xqMl ~dkvkt HkhfgUnqLrku esavuvkWjXukbt l sDVj esagSaA
ekusi 'kq'kfkQl s,d xko l snwl jsxko t krkgSvkSj 40% ghfgUnqLrku esa
vkWjXukb>l sDVj esat krkgSArkseSausdgk,d nwl jhckr vkSj crknhft ; sfd vxj
; gt ks60% eky vkt t kjgkgScSyxkMhds}kjk] ?kksMkxkfM; ksads}kjk] mVxkfM;ksa
ds}kjkvxj ; gl kjkdkl kjkeky ge gokbZt gkt l syst k; saAl kjkdkl kjk
eky ge jsy l syst k; asl kjkdkl kjkeky ge Vd l syst k; sa] l kjkdkl kjkeky
ge eksVj xkMhl syst k; asrksD; kgksxk\ rksml usdgkAjkt ho HkkbZfgUnqLrku
esai sVksy vkSj fM>sy dk[kpkZghl kB l kj gt kj djksM+rd i gqp t k; sxkArkseSus
dgkfd vxj l kjkeky ge i sVksy vkSj fM>sy i j mBkuk'kq#djas] gokbZt gkt
esaHkj ds,d xko l snwl jsxko i gqpkuk'kq#djsrksvki dgrsgksfd l kB&l kj
gt kj djksM+dkfM>sy vkSj i sVksy gedks[kpZdjuki Ms+xkgj l ky esaArkseaSusdgk&
vki usghvi usl oky dkt okc nsfn; kAoksdgusyxsesjhl e>esaughavk; kA
vf/ dkjhgSaAcqfmYVhgSAl e>esadSl svk; sArkseaSusml dksfcydqy l h/ kdj
dsl e>k; kAeSusdgkfd ; gt ks60% eky t kjgkgSxko esacSyxkfM+; kasl s,d
t xgl snwl jht xg] bl dks100% vxj ge dj nasArksD; kgksxk\ rksdgusyxk
fgUnqLrku fd l jdkj dkgj l ky dsct Vesade l sde pkSngl si anzggt kj djksM+
#i ; scp t k; sxkArkseaSusdgk&vxj pkSngl si anzggt kj djksM+#i ; scpsxkArks
vki crkb; svkWby i wy vdkmUVMsfi Qfl Vfdrukrksml usnkr fudkyrsgq; sdgk
fd dqy pkSng gt kj djksM+dkAeaSusdgkMsfi Qfl Vi wjkgkst krkgSvxj vki
fgUnqLrku dsi 'kq/ u dkbLrseky djsaAi wjseky dks,d xko l snql jht xgyst kus
dhO; oLFkkdj nsrksvki dsns'kesavkWby i wy vdkmUVdkMsfi Qfl Vghughajgus
okykrksckr ml dsl e>esavkx; hA
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fd vxj cSyxkfM; ksal s; geky ,d xko l snwl jsxko t k; sxkArksefguksaesa,d
t xg l snwl jht xg i gqpsxkAeSausdgk&ml dkHkhl q>ko gSesjsi kl Avki
fgUnqLrku dhcSyxkfM; ksadspDdksaesafc; fjax yxknhft ; sArksvxj fgUnqLrku ds
cSyxkfM; ksadspDdksasesafc; fjax yxkfn; kt k; sArksD; kgksxk\ oghcSy t ks100
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fl i QZnksxqukT;knkeky ghughayst k;sxkcfYd rst hdsl kFkokseky ,d xko l snwl js
xko esai gqp t k;sxkArksvki dhl e; dhl eL;kdkHkhl ek/ ku gkst k;sxkA
rkseSausdgkfd cl nksNksVsl sdke dfj; sAi gykdke fd fgUnqLrku
dkt ksi 'kq/ u gSAfgUnqLrku dsi 'kqvksadht ks'kfkQgSAbl dkcpko dfj; srkfd
; geky dks,d xko l snwl jsxko esayst kusdsdke esavk; sAvkSj nwl jkdke
cSyxkMhdspDdksaesackWy fc; fjax yxknhft ; sArksml usrhl jkl oky eq>l sdgk
fd jkt ho HkkbZ; gdjsxkdkSu\ eSausdgk&vki djsaxsvkSj dkSu djsxkAvf/ dkjh
vki gSaeSaFkksMhArksdgusyxsvki dhckr l e>esavkrhgSAysfdu dksbZbl dks
djusdsbl fy, rS; kj ughagksxkD; ksafd cSyxkMhdspDdksaesafc; fjax yxkukpkyw
dke gSAvkSj fgUnqLrku dsoSKkfud dksvejhdkt kusdkekSdkdSl sfeysxkA
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i j fjl pZdjsaxsAcSyxkMhdspDdksaesackWy fc; fjax yxk; asxsrksml dksrksxko esa
t kuki Ms+xkAvkSj ; gkrksl c vejhdkHkkxusdksrS; kj cSBsgSaAi js'kkuhrks; g
gSAekusfgUnqLrku dhl jdkj dhl cl scM+hl eL; kvkWby i wy vdkmUV dk
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; g ckr esavki dksdgukpkgrkgwAvkSj vki ; g t ku yhft ; sHkkjr l jdkj
dgrhgSaAeSaughadgrkA
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T; knki 'kq/ u cpkughaAeSauscrk; ki pkl l ky esa38djksM+xkSoa'kdkuk'kdj
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djksM+dsvkl &i kl gksxkAysfdu ; gt ks18&20djksM+dkxkSoa'kdki 'kq/ u gSaA
; gi 'kq/ u fgUnqLrku esa14 gt kj djksM+#i ; sdhcpr djrkgSgj l ky esaAvki
l ksfp, fdruhcM+hcpr gSA14 gt kj djksM+dksbZNksVh&eksVhjDde ughagksrhA
oks14 gt kj djksM+dhjDde cpk; ht krhgSfgUnqLrku dsxkSoa'kdsi 'kqvksads}kjk
vkSj fgUnqLrku dsnwl jsi 'kqvksads}kjkAbl fy, xkSoa'kdkuk'kughagksukpkfg; sA
bl fy, Hkhuk'kughagksukpkfg; sxkSoa'kdk] fd fgUnqLrku esat ksxk; gSaoksvjcksa
#i ; ksdki QVhZyk; t j i Snkdj l drhgSAcSy vjcksa#i ; sdki QVhZyk; t j i Snkdj
l drkgSaAvkSj ge dksfons'kksal sdsfedYl i QVhZyk; t j bEi ksVZdjusdht #jr ugha
gSaAvki l c t kursgSaA; gt ksdsfedYl i QVhZyk; t j gksrkgSA; gckgj dsns'kksa
l syk; kgqvkdsfedYl i QVhZyk; t j vki ds'kjhj esat gj ?kksy jgkgSAvki xsgw
ugha[kkjgsgSaAxsgwdsl kFkt gj [kkjgsgaSAvki pukvkSj pkoy dsl kFkt gj
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t kursgS afd i kuhbZ'oj dhnsu gSAl jdkj i kuhi Snkdj ughal drhAnqfu; kesa
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vjckasdjksM+kas#i ; sdkdsfedYl i QfVZyk; >j i SnkgksxkArksvki i wNsaxsdSl sgksxkA
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kuea=khJ heksjkjt hnsl kbZft Ugksausxka/ ht hl sghnh{kkyhFkhA xka/ ht hdsghf'k";
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ga S] J heksjkjt hnsl kbZusxqt jkr esal ai q.kZ'kjkc canhykxwdjk; hFkhAmudknwl jk
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oksvkt rd ykxwgSvkSj ml 'kjkc canhdsi z'uksai j cgqr l kjsjkT; ksaesal e; &l e;
i j vkanksyu gq; sgSaAvkSj mUgksausl e; &l e; i j dbZckj l i Qyrk; sai kbZgSaAvka/
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dk] dRy [kkuksadkvkSj Hkkjr ns'kesaxjhch] csjkst xkjhdkAysfdu vki t kurs
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l e>kSrki kfdLrku l snksLrhdkdjusdsfy, ysfdu okst hfor oki l ughaykSVsA
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djusdki z; kl fd; kckdhfdl husughafd; kAvi usdksegkRekxka/ hdkl cl s
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mn~nkSykdksi jkft r djukgSvkSj caxky esavi usjkT; dhLFkki ukdjuhgSA
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l suki fr ghgSt ksxn~nkjhdjusdksrS;kj gSAvc fdl hjkt kdkl suki fr t c jkt k
vkSj ml dsjkT; l sxn~nkjhdjusdksrS; kj gksArks[krjukd gksrkgSAehjt ki Qj
uke dk,d l suki fr gqvkdjrkFkkfl jkt mn~nkSykdkAml usbZLVbafM; kdai uh
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ehjt ki Qj vi usl Sfudksadsl kFkjkWcVZDykbZo dsl keusvkRel ei Z.kdj nqxkA
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mn~nkSykdksekj MkysaxsvkSj l e>kSrsdseqrkfcd ehjt ki Qj dkscaxky dkjkt kcuk
fn; kt k; sxkArksIykl hdseSnku esat ksge bfrgkl esai <+rsvk; sgSafd cMk+Hkkjh
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x; kAHkkjr dhvkSj l syM+usokysl suki fr vaxzst ksal st kdj fey x; kAchl fefuV
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mn~nkSykdhgR; kdj nhAehjt ki Qj dkscaxky dkjkt kcukfn; kAcknesajkWcVZ
DykbZo usehjt ki Qj dhgR; kdj nhAehjdkfl e dksjkt kcukfn; kAfi Qj
ehjdkfl e dhgR; kdj nhvkSj jkWcVZDykbZo [kqncaxky dkjkt kcu x; kA
caxky dkjkt cuusdscknjkWcVZDykbZo usl cl si gykdRy [kkuk'kq#
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gSaAD; ks afd ml t ekusesae'khu l sughadkVht krhFkhAxk; ml t ekusesagkFk
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vaxzst ksaadksxk; dkekal [kkukgSbl fy, oksdRy [kkus'kq#dj fnr x,AvkSj ml
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gq vkA/ hjs&/ hjsvaxzst ksaadhl sukdsgj LFkku i j xk; dsekal dhekx gksusyxhA
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gq vkdjrhFkhAdksbZoS'; kughagksrhFkhbl ns'kesaAxf.kdkesavkSj oS'; kesat ehu
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nwl jkdke ; goS'; k?kj candjknwArhl jkdke Hkkjr esa'kjkc canhdjknwApkSFks
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t c rd vaxzst Hkkjr l sughapyst krseSal kcjerhvkJ e esaoki l ughavkxkA
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D; k\ rksxka/ ht huscgqr [kjkc 'kCnesadgkfd eSadqksdhekSr ejuki l an
d#xkAi f{kvksadhekSr ejuki l and#xkysfdu l kcjerhvkJ e esaoki l ugha
vkxk] t c rd vaxzst Hkkjr l sughat krsvkSj oksfudy i MsAnkaMhl R; kxzg
l i Qy gqvk] vaxzst ksausued dkVWDl oki l fy; kysfdu ns'kughaNksM+kArks
xka/ ht hl kcjerhughax; svkSj i Sny HkVdrs&HkVdrso/ kZvkx; sAo/ kZesa,d
dqVh; kcukfy; koghi j ,d vkJ e LFkkfi r dj fn; kAl kSHkkX; l svkt eSaml h
vkJ e esajgrkgwA(; gHkk"kk.k2002 esat c gqvkFkkrc jkt ho HkkbZl sokxzke
vkJ e esaghjgrsFksA)
xka/ ht hdsl i uksaesa; g t ksl cl si gykdke Fkki 'kqvksadkdRy
jks dukAdkj.kD; k\ ml dkxka/ ht hdks,d ckj i qNkx; kFkkfd vki i 'kqvksa
dksD; ksacpkukpkgrsgksAcgqr l aqnj mkj fn; kfd&rkfd eSaft Unkjgl dq] bl ds
fy, i 'kqvksadkscpkukpkgrkgwAml dsvkSj vkxsmUgksauscksyk] mUgksausdgkfd
eSai 'kqvksadkscpkdj mudsi j dksbZ,gl ku ughadj jgkgwAeSaesjsi j ,gl ku
dj jgkgwfd ; si 'kqft UnkjgsaxsrkseSaft UnkjgqxkA,d ckj bl hrjgl smul s
vkSj ,d i z'u i wNkx; kfd vki i 'kqvksadh] t ho n; kdh] i zse dh] d#.kkdh]
brukl c ckr D; wdjrsgSaaaArksmUgksausdgk&l ukruhfgUnwgwbl fy,Afdl hus
i wNkvki rksl kai znkf; drkdj jgsgSaAmUgksausdgkvxj fdl hdksdgukgSrks
dgsAeSal ukruhfgUnwgwvkSj rhu ckj cksykbl ckr dksfd eSal ukruhfgUnwgw
t ksl e>ukgSrksl e>sArksi wNusokykt kurkughaFkk; sl ukruhfgUnwD; kgksrk
gSarks xka/ ht hdksi wN fy; kfd l ukruhfgUnwdhi fjHkk"kkD; kgSrksmUgksaus
dgkl ukruhfgUnwdkeryc gksrkgSt ksi quZt Ue esafo'okl djrkgSAeSai quZt Ue
easekurkgwvkSj bl fy, eSapkgrkgwfd i 'kqvksadhj{kkgksuhpkfg,Ackr ogha
i j [kRe gksxbZA
eSausxka/ ht hdsbl LVsVesUVi j l kspkfd mUgksausdgkD; kAbl dk
eryc D; kgSAdbZckj D; kgksrkgSukcM+syksx egku yksx fcVohu nykbZUl
cgqr dqN dgt krsgSaAbl esaxka/ ht huscgqr dqN dgfn; kgSAi gysrksesjh
l e>esaughavkrkFkkA; gckr vc l e>esavk; hgSSAxka/ ht husdgkfd eSa
l ukruhfgUnwgwAl ukruhfgUnwdkSu gksrkgSt ksi quZt Ue dksekurkgSAbl dkekus
i wjkHkkjr o"kZl ukruhfgUnwgSAD; ksafd l kjsHkkjrokl hi quZt Ue dksekursgaSAHkkjr
esa,d Hkh,sl kO; fkQughagSt ksi quZ t Ue ughaekurkgksAeSafgUnqLrku esai qjc l s
i f'pe] mkj l snf{k.kdhbruh; k=kkdj pqdkgwfd rhu ckj Hkkjr dhi fjek
dscjkcj gksvkSj eSausvyx&vyx / ekZaasadsyksxksal s,d ghi z'u dbZckj i wNk
gSAxka/ ht hdksl e>usdsfy,Ai quZt Ue esaekursgks&gkekursrksgSysfdu gekjh
ck; fcy ughadgrhgSge rksekursgSack; cy esaughagSA
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esadghaughagSArkseSausdgkvc bl esal adVgSvxj vki dqjku 'kjhi Qdksekurs
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ml usdgk& ns[kks; kj& Hkkjrh; rkt krh; ughagSAvc bruhcM+hckr fd
Hkkjrh; rkt krh; ughagSAHkysghge et gc cny ys] l ai znk; cny ys] Hkkjrh; rk
ughat krhAfi Qj ,d ckj eSausmul si wNkvki dsl ai znk; esaet gc esa,sl sfdrus
yksx gaSt ksi quZt Ue ekursgSaAmUgksausdgk'kk;n90i zfr'kr gksaxsAeSausdgkxkj.Vh
l sdgrsgksAml usdgk'kk; n95 i zfr'kr gksaxs] fi Qj rhl jhckj dgk99 i zfr'kr
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gaS] ge rks; ghadsgSaAgt kjksal ky i gysgekjsi qj[ksrqEgkjsght Sl sFksfdl h,d
l e; fo'ks"kesafdl hxyr dke dsdkj.k; kxyr i zHkko dsdkj.kgeuset gc
cny fy; krksHkkjrh; rkFkksM+hghpyhxbZgSaAfi Qj eSausdgk&eq>s,sl sdqN yksxksa
l sfeyknkst ksHkkjrh; eql yeku gSaAvkt dy ,d 'kCnpy x; kgSukvesfjdu
bafM; u gSaukArkseSausdgkpyksHkkjrh; eql yeku l sfeyoknksAmUgksauseq>sbrus
l kjsyksxksal sfeyok; kgSmuds?kjksaesaeSax; kgw] mudh'kknhC; kgi fr dkseSaus
ns[kkgS ] ukedj.kdhi fr;ksadksns[kkgSaAmudsR; ksgkjksadsjhfr&fjokt ksadksns[kk
gSAdghal sughayxrkgSoksvHkkjrh; r gksx; sgSaAT; knkl sT; knkfn[kkbZnsrk
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djusdhi fr rksge l ukruhfgUnqvksaesaHkh,d fof'k"VgSAdksbZeafnj dksekurk
gSadksbZughaekurkAdksbZnqxkZdksekurkgS] dksbZguqekut hdksekurkgSAdksbZ
fdl hdksekurkghughagSAdgrkgSfd nsoh&nsorkgksrsughagSaArksi wt kdh
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x; hgSaA
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vki dkD; kfopkj gSAmUgksausdgk&oksght ksegkRekxka/ hdkgSAdRry [kkus
cangksuspkfg,AeSausi wNkD; ksacangksuspkfg, rksmUgksausdgkfd bl fy, fd ge
ft ankjgl dsaAeSausdgk&xka/ ht hdksvuqdj.kdj jgsgaS; kbZekunkjhl sdg
jgsgaSAeq>sHkhl e>esavkrkgSfd i 'kqft ankgSarksge ft ankgaSAgekjhvkSdkr
rksbu i 'kqvksal sgSavxj ; gpysx, rksge rksughajgusokysAfi Qj eSausmul s
,d fof'k"Vckr i wNhAft l dksi wNusdhfgaer de yksxksaesasgksrhgSaAeSausmul s
dgkvki usdHkhxk; dkekal [kk; kAmUgksausdgk&; kj ,d ckj [kk; kFkkrksesjh
ekuscgqr fi VkbZfd; kFkkAeSausi wNkD; ksaAmUgksausdgk&gekjs; gkl [r i kcanh
gSAvkt Hkhge xk; dkekal ugha[kkrsAeSausi wNkvxj xyrhl svkx; krksA
cgqr l kjkekal vkrkgSAml esaxk; dkvkx; kvkSj ; fni rkpy t k; srkscrZu
dksmBkds?kj dsckgj i Qsad nsrsgSaAml crZu dksHkhdke esaughaysrsArkseSaus
dgkfi Qj ; sxk; dhgR; kD; wgksjghgSAmUgksausdgk&; grksvaxzst ksaadhl kft 'k
gSt ksvkt rd xk; dhgR; kgksjghA
ml fnu esjhvk[ks[kqy x; hvkSj vk[ks[kqyhrksbruh[kqyhfd vc l c
dqN fn[kkbZnsjgkgSLi "Vbl ?kVukdsi gysesaekurkFkkfd Hkkjr dscgqr l kjs
eq fLye HkkbZgSat ksxk; dkdRy dj jgsgSaysfdu bl ?kVukdscknesjhvk[ks
[kqyhavkSj eSaus[kkst uk'kq#fd; krksi rkpykHkkjr esal cl sT; knkxk; dkdRy
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eq fLye l ekt gSaft udksesat kurkgwoksxk; dksoSl sghi kyrsgSat Sl svki i kyrs
gSaAvki dHkhvk,axqt jkr esadPN uke dk,d ft YgkgSaAdPN ft ysesa,d
ughal SdM+kasughagt kjksaeql yeku gSat ksxk; i kyu djrsgSaAxk; dknw/ csprsgSaA
nw/ esal snghcukrsgSaAnghl se[[ku fudkyrsgSa] e[[ku esal s?khfudkyrsgSa
vkSj csprsgaSAvki jkt LFkku esavk,a ] chdkusj] t Sl yesj] ckMesj bu rhuksaft yksa
esa,d ughagt kjksaeql yeku gSat ksxk; i kyrsgSaAxk; dknw/ csprsgSaAnw/ esa
l se[[ku cukrsgaSfi Qj ?khcukrsgSavkSj / ankdjrsgaSAjkt LFkku dk,d bykdk
gSvyoj] esokM+{ks=kdgrsgaSAi wjkesokM+{ks=kt ksgSukeql yeku l ekt dsHkkbZ; ksa
l sMkWfeusVsMgSAogk,d ughal sdM+ksaeqfLye HkkbZgSat ksxk; i kyrsgSaAxk; dk
nw/ i hrsgaSAxk; dsnw/ l snghcukdsoSl kgh?khvkSj fct usl djrsgSaA
eql yeku xk; [kkrsgSa; gcgqr cM+kHkze gSt ksge fgUnqLrkfu; ksadschp
esai QSyk; kvaxzst ksaausAvkSj ; gHkze i QSyk;kFkkvaxzst ksaadhjkuhusft l dksge nqHkkZX;
l sfOgDVksfj; kdgrsjgsAml us,d fphfy[khFkh1894 esaAvaxzst ksaadk,d vf/
dkjhfgUnqLRkku esaFkkml dkuke FkkysUl Mku] xOguZj Fkkbl ns'kdkAml dks
,d fphfy[khfOgDVksfj; kus] fp hesafy[kkfd&ns[kksge Hkkjr esaft rusHkh
dRry [kkuspykrsgaSAmuesal cl sT; knkxk; dVrhgSA; gHkkjr dsfgUnqvksadks
i a l nughagSD; ksafd ; smudhvf/ "Bk=khgSAekusge ml dksi qT; uh; ekursgSa]
ekr`l eku ekursgSaAfgUnqvksadksi al nughagSavkSj okLro esaeql yeku Hkhi al n
ughadjrsxk; dksekjukvkSj ml dks[kkukAxk; rksgekjsfy, dkVht krhgSA
ekusvaxzst ksaadsfy, dkVht krhgSAvc Hkkjr esafgUnwvkSj eql yeku dHkh,d
gksx, vkSj xk; cpkusesayx x, rksgekjhl jdkj ughapysxhHkkjr esaAbl fy,
rqe ,d dke djksfd ft rusdRry [kkuspy jgsgSaxk; dkVusdsfy,] muesa
eql yekuksadhHkjrhdj nksvkSj fgUnqvksadkscrkvksfd xk; dkseql yeku dkV
jgsgSa] rksfgUnqvksadhHkjrhughaeql yekuksadhHkjrhdj nksAfgUnqvksadkscrkvks
fd xk; eql yeku dkVjgsgSaAdVgekjsfy, jghgSAdkVjgsgSaeql yeku] [kkrs
ughagSa] ge [kkjgsgSaA; gt c fgUnqvksadksi rkpy t k; sxkrks; gnksuksa,d nwl js
l syM+ejsaxsvkSj ; sy<+usyxsaxsrksgekjhxn~nhl qjf{kr jgsxhvkSj ge Hkkjr i j
,d gt kj o"kZrd jkt djsaxsA; gfOgDVksfj; kdhfphgSaysUl Mku dks1894
esafy[khxbZAbl fphdkssi <+dj esjhl e>esavkx; ki kWfyfVDl D; kgSbl
ns'kdhAi kWfyfVDl ; g gSfd xk; dVsvaxzst ksaadsfy,] vkSj y<+rsjgsafgUnq]
eql yekuAge ,d nwl jsdksxkyhnsrsgSa] ,d nwl jsdhVkax f[kpkbZdjrsjgsavkSj
vaxzst et kdjrsjgsAbl rjgl svaxzst ksaausoks,d i kWfyl hgSuk^ckVksvkSj jkt
djks*(Divided And Rule) esagedksi Qal k; k] xk; dksdVok; kvkSj ,d nksugha
djksM+ksaxk; dksdVokbZAbl ns'kesa,d dRry [kkukt ksdydkkl s'kq#gqvk
/ hjs&/ hjsHkkjr dsgj dWUV,fj; kesai QSy x; kAl kM+srhu l kSdWUV,fj; kvaxzst ksaa
usLFkkfi r fd; sAl kM+srhu l kSdRry [kkuscukfn,A
xka/ ht hbUghadhf[kyki Qr djrsFksAvaxzst ksaadst ekusesaxka/ ht hdks
ckj&ckj yxrkFkkfd ; gdRry [kkuscangksuspkfg,Axka/ ht hdsi gys,d vkSj
egku O; fkQgq, bl ns'kesa] ft udkscgqr i hM+kgksrhFkhbu dRry [kkuksadspyus
l sAmudkuke Fkk^Lokehn; kuanl jLorh*Aft Ugksausvk; Zl ekt dhLFkki ukdhA
mUgksausrksvi ust hrst h,d i QkSt rS; kj dj nh^xkSj{kk* dsfy,ALokehn; kuan
l jLorhus,d l a?kVu cukfn; kft l dkuke Fkk^vk; Zl ekt * vkt rd t hfor
gSaAl okl kSo"kZi qjkukl a?kVu gSAdkWxzsl l sHkhi qjkukl a?kVuAdkWxzsl t ksjkt uSfrd
ny gSuk] ml l si gysdkgS;gvk; Zl ekt Abl dk,d ghdke FkkxkSj{kkdjukA
vkSj bl vk; Zl ekt hl a?kVu usi wjsns'kdsukSt okuksadks,sl kpkt Zdj fn; kFkkfd
Hkkjr dsl kr yk[kcRrhl gt kj xkao esagj t xgxkSj{kkl ferhcu xbZA1870
l s; g'kq#gqvkvkSj 1894 esavkdj ; gvkanksyu vi usl cl smPpre f'k[kj i j
FkkAvkSj 1894 esat c ; g vkanksyu mPpre f'k[kj i j FkkrksHkkjr dsfgUnq]
eql yeku] fl [k] bZl kbZ] t Su] i kjl h] ckSl c feydj xkSj{kkesayxsgq, FksAvkSj
vaxzst kasdsl keus,d i z'u [kM+kdj fn; kfd ,d Hkhxk; dVsxhrksvaxzst ksaadh
[kSj ugharksvaxzst ?kcjkx; sFksAbl h?kcjkgVesajkuhusfphfy[khFkh1894 esaA
fd vxj bl vkanksyu dksrksM+ukgS] fgUnq&eql yekuksadksyM+kukgSrksrqe ; gdke
djksdhl kjsdRry [kkuksaesaeql yekuksadhHkjrhdjksvkSj fgUnqvksadks; gcrkvks
dhxk; ; gdkVjgsgSaAvkSj t c ; g[kcj vaxzst ksaausi QSykbZrksml dscknbl
ns'kesafgUnq&eql yekuksadsnaxs'kq#gksx; sAeSavki dksfouezrki woZd crkukpkgrk
gwfd 1894 dsi gys,d HkhfgUnq&eqfLye naxkughagqvkAi gyk] fgUnq&eql yeku
naxk1894 esafnl caj esagqvkAjkuhdhbl fphdscknvkSj ml dscknykbZu yx
xbZnaxkasdhAfi Qj D; kgqvkvkt knhdki z'u i hNsvkx; k] xkSj{kkdki z'u i hNs
vkx; kAfgUnq&eql yekuksadkl kai znkf; drkdki z'u l cl svkxsvkx; kAvaxzst ksaa
usyxHkx 60&70l ky rd bl hvkx dkst ykdj j[kkAvkSj bl esal e; &l e;
i j ?khMkyrsjgsAoksdHkh&dHkh; gnksuksa,d ukgkst k, bl dsfy, i wjhrkdr
yxkdj vi us,t UVksadksHkkjr dhcgqr l kjhl aLFkkvksaesa?kql kdj cSBkfn; kArkfd
; gl ekt ,d ukgkst k,AvkSj bl rjgl scjLrwj xk; dVrhjghvkSj gR; k
gksrs&gksrsdjksM+ksadhl a[; kesai gqp x; hA
t c vaxzst x;s15 vxLr 1947dksrksHkkjr dsegkRekxka/ ht Sl sdqN
kafrohj t kst hfor FksmUgksaus; g i z'u mBk; kfd gk] vaxzst x, gSat Ynhl s
xkS&gR; kcangksuhpkfg, rksxkS&gR; kcangksusdsfy, Hkkjr dhl al nesai zLrko
vk; kAml i zLrko dksykusokys,d cgqr vPNsl kal nFksft udkuke Fkkegkohj
R; kxhAoksdbZckj l al nl nL; cusFksAekus[kkl nkj cusFksAl ksuhi r uke dk,d
{ks=kgSagfj; k.kkesaAogkl sokst hrdj vkrsFksAvkSj fdl hjkt dh; i {kdsfVdV
i j ughavdsysght hr dj vkrsFksAegkohj R; kxht hdsckjsesadgkt krkgS
dht c oksl al nesa[kM+sgksdj Hkk"k.kfn; kdjrsFksrksi afMr t okgjyky usg#l kjs
dke NksM+dj mudkHkk"k.kl qukdjrsFksAD; ksafd oksl jdkj dhbruhf[kapkbZdjrs
Fksrksml dkt okc dSl snsukgSl al nesa; gusg#t hdsfy, eqf'dy gkst krkFkkA
rksusg#t hl c dke NksM+dj egkohj R; kxht hdkHkk"k.kl qursFksAegkohj R; kxht h
usl cl si gys; knfnyk; kfd ns[kksvaxzst vc pysx, gekjhl jdkj vkx; hAvc
xkS&gR; kcandjusdsfy, dkuwu cukvksArksl al nesai zLrko vk; kml i j cgl
gq bZAegkohj R; kxht huscgqr cM+kdke fd; kfd vaxzst ksaadh; gt ksjkt uhfr Fkh
fgUnqvkSj eql yekuksadksCkkaVusdhxk; dsi z'u i jAml dsl kjsMkWD; wesUVl
i kfyZa; kesaVesamUgksausfMLVhC; wVfd, fd ns[kksvl fy; r ; ggSAdksbZeql yeku xk;
dkT; knkekal ugha[kkrkvkSj dksbZeql yeku xk; dksdVokukHkhi al nugha
djrkA; grksvaxzst ksaadhpky gSgedksvki l esayM+kusdhvkSj cckZndjusdh
rksbl pky dksl e>dj eqfLye [kkl nkjksausHkhl eFkZu fd; kfd gk] xkSj{kkgksuh
pkfg,Afo/ s; d vkusdkl e; vk; kAfo/ s; d dsl e; i j vki t kursgSal al n
dkfu; e ; ggSfd cgl t c i wjhgkst krhgSrksoksVfy; kt krkgSdkSu fdl ds
l eFkZu esagSArksbl i j oksVdkl e; vk; kAoksVdsl e; esa,d fnu i gys; g
r; gksx; kFkkfd Hkkjr dhl al ndsesDl hee MP l cl sT; knk[kkl nkj xkSj{kk
dsl eFkZu esagSavkSj eqf'dy l sdqN MP ft udhl a[; knl HkhughaFkhoksxkSj{kk
dsfojks / esagSArksnl ,d rji QgSackdh,d rji QgSAvxysfnu ft l fnu ; g
oksVdsfy, vk; krksi afMr usg#usdgkfd eq>sdqN dgukgSoksVl si gysD; k
dgukgSt hAi wjhl al ndhfuxkgsausg#t hdhrji Q] usg#t husdgkdhvxj
xkSj{kkdki zLrko i kfjr gqvkrkseSabLrhi QknsnqxkA
; gckr eq>sbl fy, dguhi M+hD; ksafd esjsnksLr l anhi ususg#t hdks
mn~?k`r fd; kgSAdbZckj gesa/ ksdkgkst krkgSpsgjkdqN gksrkgSAvl fy; r dqN
vkSj gksrhgSAgekjsns'kesavHkhFkksMsfnu i gys,d cgqr cM+kekeykvk; kgSAl keus
cgqr xaHkhj ekeykgSoks] vxj jkt uhfrd yksx ml dksFkksM+kckt wesaj[knsrksHkh
ns'kdsfy, xaHkhj ekeykgSAxaHkhj ekeyk; ggSfd [kqfi Q; k,t sUl hdsKGB ds
,d cgqr cM+svkWi Qhl j us,d nLrkost vk/ kfjr ,d fdrkc fy[khgSAft l esaml us
uke fy[kdsdksVfd; kgSfd Hkkjr dsdkSu&dkSu l si z/ kuea=kh] dkSu&dkSu l s
ea=kh#l l si Sl kysrsjgsvkSj #l dsl eFkZu esabl ns'kesadkuwu cukrsjgsAml
fdrkc esafe=kksf[ku uke dkvkWi Qhl j gSml usfy[kkgSfd Hkkjr esai z/ kueaf=kvksa
dkeq[kksVkdqN gksrkgSAD; kdqN gksrkgS; gckr vki dksl e>esavk,Abl fy,
eSausl quk; kfd usg#t hvkt knhl si gysHkk"k.knsjgsgSafd dRry [kkuksadsl keus
l sxqt jrkgwrkseq>sf?ku vkrhgSA,d feuVeSa[kM+kughajgl drk] phy] dkSosa
eaMjkrsgSaesjhvkRekeq>sdkSl rhgSAi z/ kuea=khcuusdscknt c xkSj{kkdki zLrko
vkrkgSrksoghusg#t hdgrsgSadhi zLrko i kfjr gqvkrkseSabLrhi Qknsnwxk] D; w&
dkj.kD; kgSAbl i j [kkst gksuhpkfg,AD; kvkt knhdsi gys,d dgkvkSj
vkt knhfeyrsgh] i z/ kuea=khcursghbLrhi QknsusyxsAvc ml t ekusesagksrk
D; kFkkusg#t hdh/ edhfd bLrhi Qknsnwxkrksi wjhi kfyZ; kesaVfgy xbZ] egkohj
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vkSj 'kakfr nksuksagSaAvki D; wi js'kku gSa] eSarksvHkh&Hkhl q[kvkSj 'kkafr l sghgwA
i js'kku rksvki gSat ksgt kjksafdyksehVj pydsvkx, esjsi kl Aeq>srksdksbZ
i js'kkuhughaA; ggSHkkjrh; rkAfi Qj eSausi qNkvki l p easl q[kvkSj 'kkafr esagksA
ml usdgk&gkAeSausi qNk; gt ksbruhl eL; kgSaxjhch] csjkst xkjh] Hkq[kejhbudk
D; k\ rksml usdgkvxyst Ue esagy d#xkAt #jhgSa] bl ht Ue esad#A
esjh,d nknhFkhAoksvHkhLoxZokl hgksx; hAokseq>sjkst ; ghdgrh
FkhArqbrukHkkx&Hkkx D; wdjrkgSaAvkt bl xkao esa] dy ml xkao esaArks
eSausdgkt Ynhl sHkkjr dhl eL; kgy gksuhpkfg,Arksml usdgkbl ht Ue esa
vxyst Ue esagkst k,xhAD;wfparkdjrkgSabruhA; gt ksczsu gSuk; gt ksekbUM
l sVgSA;gi quZt Ue l sfudyrkgSaAekusi quZt Ue esajgusokysyksx vkSj ekuusokys
yksxksadksfdl hpht dht YnhughagSaAbl fy, xkS&gR; kHkhvxyst Ue esa#d
t k,xhA; ghl kspdj gekjs[kkl nkj ogkcSBsgSaAmudkst YnhughagSaAvxyst Ue
esagkst k,xhAD; ki Qjd i M+rkgaS; grksgekjseu dhfLFkfr gSA
rkst gkl H; rkdki z'u vkrkgSauk] ogki j l oky bl rjgl sgksrs
gSaArksHkkjr dhl H; rknwl jsns'kksadhl H; rkl s,d ekeysesat ksvyx gSAewy
; ggSfd ge i quZt Ue ekursgSaAoksughaekursAvc t jkdYi ukdfj,At Sl sgh
vki i quZ t Ue ekuuk'kq#djrsgSarksvki dhnqfu; kfcydqy cny t krhgSAD; k
gksrhgS Ai quZt Ue D; kgksrkgSAdc gksrkgSAvkRekdgki zos'kdjrhgSA'kjhj
dSl sgksrkgSA; gl kjhF;ksjht vki dsl keus[kqyrhgSarksmu F; kssjhdksl i ksVZdjus
dsfy, gekjsvi usykWft d gaSAmuesal s,d ykWft d gSA; gns[kksHkkbZi quZt Ue
gksrkgSaAdeZdsfgl kc l st Ue feyrkgSArksgeusdeZdhF; kssjhdksml esayxk
fn; kft l dksl HkhekursgSaAbl ns'kesapkgsokst Su gks; kl ukruhfgUnqgksAdeZ
dsfl kar dksl c ekursgSaA
deZvPNkdjksxsrksvxykt Ue vPNkfeysxk[kjkc fd; krks[kjkc
feysxkAvPNkvkSj [kjkc D; k\ vPNkdeZfd; krksgksl drkgSaeuq"; t Ue
feysA[kjkc deZfd; krksphVhcu x,] e[[khcu x,] ePNj cu x,] fNi dyh
cu x,] l kai cu x,] esa<+d cu x,Avc ; grksF;ksjhgSAge fNi dyhgksl drs
gSa] phVhgksl drsgSa] l kai gksl drsgSa] esa<+d gksl drsgSa] e[[khgksl drsgSa]
ePNj gksl drsgSa] 84 yk[kfdLe dst ho&t arqgSaAmuesal sdksbZHkht Ue gesa
fey l drkgSAvxj deZvPNkughafd, rksvc bl dsvkxsge x,AgeusD; k
fd; kfd Hkysge vxyst Ue esadqN HkhcusAbl t Ue esage euq"; gSaysfdu
vxyst Ue esavxj ge dqN vkSj cu x,AvkSj geusbl euq"; t Ue esajgrs
gq , dqN ,sl st ho&t arqvksadksekj MkykAD; ki rkge Hkhvxyst Ue esaoghcu
x, vkSj gedksfdl husekj Mkykfi Qj dksbZvkSj cu x; krksml usfdl hdksekj
MkykArks; gekjkekjhdc rd pysxhAbl fy, vfgal kdkn'kZu geusysfy; kdksbZ
fdl hdksukekjsvc dksbZfdl hdksukekjs; gvfgal kdsn'kZu l sfudykgSA
i quZt Ue dhfi Qyksl kWi Qhesal sA
fi Qj bl esagekjsns'kesaKkuhyksx vkx,At Sl s&,d cgqr cM+segku
ri LohKkuhft udkuke Fkkegkohj LokehrhFkZdkj gksx,AmUgksausgedks; gKku
nsfn; kAmudksKku rksvn~Hkwr gksx; kAdsoy Kku ft l dhdYi ukgSAmudk
dsoy Kku ; ggSfd 84 yk[kfdLe dst ho&t arq] fdl dhD; kHkqfedkgS; g
mudksekywe gSAvkSj 14 o"kksZaadhmudht ksri L; kgSAoksbl hckr dsfy, gS
fd ; gl `"VhgSAi zfr gSAbl esadksbZt ho gSoksdgkD; kdj jgkgSAnwl jkgS]
ml dksl i ksVZdj jgkgSArhl jkgS] ml dkdkWEi yhesUVhgSrks; gl c D; kO; oLFkk
gSA; gmudksKku gqvkrksoksdsoy Kku gSrkscksy dj pysx, dhns[kksHkkbZ
; gt ho i zfr O; ofLFkr rjhdsl spy jghgSbl dksfMLVcZer djukAD; ksafd
budsft ankjgusl srqe ft ankgksrksmUgksausdgkNksVsHkht ho dksgkfu ugha
i gqpkukApkgsoksns[kkgqvkgSa; kughans[kkgqvkgSAdbZt ho ,sl sgksrsgSaaukt ks
vk[kl sfn[krsgSAdbZughafn[krsgSArkst ksughafn[krsgSamudksHkhgkfu ugha
i gqpuhpkfg,At ksfn[kjgsgSamudksrksi gqpukghughapkfg,AvkSj fi Qj mUgksaus
t hoksadhJ s.kh; kacukfn; kA,d bafnz; t ho gSa] rhu bafnz; t ho gSa] i apfnz; esage
vkrsgSaA,sl s&,sl scukfn; kvkSj ml dsfy, mUgksausi Qhyksl kWi Qhcukfn; kfd bl dks
ekjksxsrks; gi ki gSAoxSjk&oxSjkfudykl c i quZt Ue esal sArksge pwfd i quZt Ue
dksekursgSaA
i quZt Ue esa84 yk[k; ksfu; kagSarjg&rjgdst ho&t arqgaSAgekjkt Ue
fdl hHkh; ksfu esagkst k,] gedksHkh,sl sghekjst Sl sgeusekjkrkscWysUl VqVsxkA
rksbl esal sge vfgal kdhrji Qc<+rspysx,Avfgal kdkLFkwy Lo#i vkSj vfgal k
dkl q{e Lo#i nksukasbl ns'kesafodfl r gksrkpykx; kAbl fy, gekjsfny esacgqr
T; knkpksVyxrhgSAt c xk; gR; kdhckr gksrhgSa] i 'kqgR; kdhckr gksrhgSa]
t ho gR; kdhckr gksrhgSArksge fopfyr gkst krsgaSAD; ksafd gt kjksal ky dh
ekU; rkl sgeus; gxzg.kfd; kgSAgekjkfopyu bl dsfy, gksrkgSvkSj bl h
nqfu; keasdqN ,sl sHkhyksx jgrsgSat ksekj ds[kkt krsgSaAmudksdksbZfopyu
ughagSaAD; ksafd muds; gki quZt Ue ughagksrkgSAt ho gR; kdjukdksbZi ki ugha
gSafi Qj mudks; gl e>kfn; kx; kgSAvki t c i quZt Ue ekursughagSarksi wjh
i zfr esat ksHkhdqN gSbl ht Ue dsfy, gSrks[kkvks] fi ; ks] ekSt djksArks
fi Qyksl kWi Qhvk; hfd [kkvks] fi ; ks] ekSt djusesavxj i zfr dkuk'kgksrkgSrks
djyksckn esacWysUl dj ysaxsAml dksi gysuk'kdjyksrksmUgksausft ruhHkh
VsDuksykWt hcuk; hvkSj t ksHkhl k; Ul fodfl r fd; kAogl c i zfr dsuk'ki j
vk/ kfjr gSAgeusHkkjrh; yksxksaust ksdqN cuk; kl k; Ul vkSj VsDuksykWt hesaoks
i zfr dsl g; ksx l svkSj i zfr dsl aj{k.ki j vk/ kfjr gSAge t c i quZt Ue esa
x; srksfi Qyksl kWi Qhdgkrd xbZAfi Qyksl kWi QhxbZ
bZ'kkok'; abn; l oZea
; rfdap t xR; keat xr
R; su rR; su Hkqat hFkkekxz/ %dL; fl ue~
t ksdqN Hkhbl pjkpj t xr esagSAoksfl i QZrqEgkjsfy, ughagSvkSjksa
dsfy, HkhgSAvkSj rqEgkjkml i j vf/ dkj mrukghgSft rukrqEgkjsfy, gSA
l c dqN rqEgkjkughagSaAvkusokyhi h<+hdsfy, gSAbl fy, R; kx i woZd Hkksx djks
vkSj i M+ks l hdsykyp esaer i Qal ksAvkSj ; ghfi Qyksl kWi Qhvyx&vyx 'kCnksaesa
vyx&vyx eqgkojksaesavusd&vusd l ai znk; ksaesavk; hAewy oks; ggSAbl fy,
gedksfny esapksVgksrhgSvkSj xka/ ht hdksHkhpksVgksrhgSfd xk; dkdRy
D; wgksjgkgSAD; ksafd eSadHkhxk; cu x; krksesjkHkhgksxkAHkSal dkdRy D; ksa
gksjgkgSaD; ksafd eSadHkhHkSal cu x; krksesjkHkhgksxkAvkSj t c vki bl
fi Qyksl kWi Qhesavkxst krsgSaArksVsDuksykWt hdSl hgksxhAVsDuksykWt hvki oghyk; sxas
t ksvki dksl ajf{kr j[ksAt ksHkhbl dksfMLVcZdjsA,sl hdksbZVsDuksykWt hvki ds
dke dhughagksxhArksgeusVsDuksykWt h,sl hcukbZcSyxkM+hdki S; kcuk; kAgokbZ
t gkt dkughaAD; ksafd cSyxkM+hdki S; k/ hjs&/ hjsjksVsVdjrkgSAvkSj / hjspyus
okyhpht t ehu i j i zs'kj de MkyrhgSAml l st hoksadhgR; kde gksrhgSA
bl fy, cSyxkM+hdki S; kcuk; kbl fy, ughafd ge fi NMs+gq, gSaAi S; kt c geus
cukfy; krksgokbZt gkt dkHkhcukl drsFksAysfdu geusl e>cq>dj cSyxkM+h
pwuhgSaAD; ksafd bl esaU; wure t ho gR; kgksrhgSAge fdl hl sfi NMs+gq, ughagSaA
cgqr l ksp l e>dj geuscSyxkM+hdksvkWI'ku esafy; kgSaA
nwl jhrji Q; qjksi okysgSa] vesjhdkokysgSaAmudhl e>; ghgSafd t ks
djukgSbl t hou esadjukgSAcknesat hou ughagSrksgj pht rst djuhgS
rksLi hMdsl kFkdjuhgSAgokbZt gkt dki S; kcukfy; kAvc ge dgki Qal
x, gSaAmUgksaust h] gokbZt gkt dki S;kcukfy; kAge cWdoMZgSaA; gl cl scM+k
gekjseu esacSBkgqvknq'p gSAnqfu; kesadksbZi QkWjoMZdksbZcWdoMZughagksrkgSa
vi uh&vi uhekU; rkvksadsfgl kc l sdqN pht sar; gksrhgSaAge t c ; gdgrs
gSaukfd vesjhdkokysi QkWjoMZgSage cWdoMZgSarksge dHkhHkwy t krsgSaAvHkh
FkksM+sfnu i gysvesjhdkesanq?kZVukgqbZAmuds; gkHkhl qukehvkx; k^dWVfjuk*
ml dkuke vkSj FkksM+sfnu i gysvk; k^jhVk* nksi kuhdscM+st yt ysvk,Amuds
; gkdWVjhukusvesjhdkdsrhu jkT; ksadkl i Qk; kdj fn; kAoksvki usl cusl quk
gSrhu jkT; ksadkl i Qk; kgqvkAyk[kksayksx cckZngq,] ?kj VwVx,Afi Qj vki us; g
Hkhl qukgksxki kp fnu rd l jdkj usdqN ughafd; kysfdu ge ml dhppkZugha
djrsAgekjs; gkgkst k, rksml i sxkukxkusyxrsgSaAvesfjdkdhl jdkj usi kp
fnu rd yk[kksayksxksadh[kcj l q/ D; ksaughayh; kAD; ksafd oksCyWd FksAdkysyksx
gSaAft u jkT; ksaesa; gdWVfjukvk; kogkdheWt ksfjVhi kWI; qys'ku CyWd gSAt kt Z
cq'kdksmudhfparkughagSaAD; wi z'u ghughagSai quZt Ue dkAfparkD; wgksuh
pkfg,Aft uds; gki quZt Ue dki z'u gksxkukmudksfparkgksxhAfd vxyhckj
CyWd gksdsi Snkgksx,Arksgekjsl kFkHkhdksbZ; gdjsxkAt kt Zcq'kdksfpark
ghughagSfd vxysckj CyWd Hkhgksl drkgSaAoksdgrkgSvk[kjht hou gSt ks
djukgSbl hesadjukgSAml dksfparkughagSA
l kjhnqfu; kdsv[kckjksaesays[kfy[ksAvkSj dgkx; kfd vesfjdkvi us
dkscgqr cM+krhl ekj [kkdgrkgSvkSj t ufgr dkj{kd dgrkgSysfdu vi uh
t urkdsl kFkvesfjdhjk"Vi fr D; kdj jgkgSAi kp fnu rd uki qfyl ] ukl suk
Hkst h] ukdqN Hkst k] ukl keku Hkst kAyksx cspkjsfBBwjrsjgsaAl M+d i j ejrsjgs
vkSj t kursgSvkxsD; kgqvkAvkxs; ggqvkfd ft u yksxksadksHkwadi us; krwi Qku
usi zHkkfor fd; kgSmu l c yksxksaus,d nql jksadkst edj yqVkA,d nwl jsdh
ekrkvks a&csfV; ksadsl kFkt edj cYkkRdkj fd,A,d nwl jsdht scsadkaVhA,d nwl js
ds?kjksaesa?kql dsl keku ysdsvkx,AHk; adj ywVekj vesfjdkesapyrhjgh7fnu
rdAt c t kWt Zcq'kdksl e>esavk; kfd ykW,.MvkWMj dhi zkWCye gSArc ml us
vkehZHks t hogkysfdu vkehZdksHkhml dksdaVksy djusesarhu fnu vkSj yx x,A
nl fnu rd vesjhdkesat edj rkaMo gqvkAvkSj t yt ysl si zHkkfor yksxksaus,d
nwl jsdksekjk] ,d nwl jsdksyqVk] ,d nwl jsdsl kFkcykRdkj fd; k] ?kjksaesavkx
yxkbZAl c dqN gqvk] ; ggSl H; rkA
vHkhHkkjr dhckr djrkgwAHkkjr esaHkhl qukehvk; hFkhvkSj gekjs
Hkhrhu jkT; ml l scqjhrjgi zHkkfor gq, FksAvkSj l qukehdsckngekjseqacbZds
vkt w&ckt wdsdjhc pkj l kS&l kM+spkj l kSxkao cqjhrjgl si zHkkfor gq, FksAbu
nksuksaghnq?kZVukvksaesaeSausdke fd; kFkkl sokds#i esaAvkSj gj t xgeSausns[kk
fd Hkkjr esat gk; gHk; adj vki fkvkbZgSAogk,d HkhHkkjr okl husnwl jsdks
ughayqVkAfdl hHkhHkkjr okl husfdl hdscgu dsl kFkcykRdkj ughafd; kA
fdl hHkhHkkjr okl husfdl hHkhekdsl kFkcRrfet hughadhAl cus,d nwl js
dksenr fd; kA; ggSl H; rkAD; w\ i quZt Ue gksrkgSAgk] l kjsns'kokl h,ds
gksdj i gqp x, fd HkkbZbudhenndjksAvki esal sHkhdqN x, gksaxsAD; w&D; k
ekywe vxyst Ue esagekjsl kFk,sl kgkst k,Arks; st ksi quZt Ue gSuk] ; gcgqr
dqN djkrkgSaAvxj ge i quZt Ue l sughaca/ sgksarksge HkhoSl sghO; ogkj djsaxs
t Sl svesfjdkesagksrkgSArksi quZt Ue dh; gfi Qyksl kWi QhgSft l usgedkscka/ kgSa
,d l kpsesaAge oSl sghfjvWDVdjrsgSat Sl hgekjhfi Qyksl kWi QhgSAvkSj l k; Ul
vkSj VsDuksykWt hdksoSl sghvkxsc<+krsgSat Sl sgekjhfi Qyksl kWi QhgSA
vHkhns[kksl k; Ul &VsDuksykWt hi j eSavkrkgwl e>krkgwvki dksAesjh
ek>kMwyxkrhgSAcpi u l seSaml dksns[krkgw?kj esa>kMwyxkrsgq,Arks,d
ckj eSausesjhekdksi wNk; gt ks>kMwgSaAml dsvkxsdkfgLl k,sl kD; w[kqykgqvk
gSAD; wvkxsi hNs,d t Sl kD; wughaArksesjhekusl e>k; k&ns[kks; gvkxsdk
fgLl k[kqykgqvkgSAbl fy, fd >kMwyxk rksphaVhukej t k, bl dsfy, [kksy
dsj[kkgSAml dksrksLi sl gSaukphaVhdksfudy dst kusdsfy,A,d l had l s
nwl jsl had dschp esaLi sl gSrksoksfudy dspyht k; sxhArks; ggSVsDuksykWt hA
geus>kMwHkhcuk; hrks; g; ku j[kkgSfd ml dsuhpsphaVhukej t k,AvkSj
Hkkjr esa,d rksl hd >kMwgksrhgSaAvkSj rks,d nwl jh>kMwgksrhgSaAt kscgqr gh
l kWVgks rhgSAD; kdgrsgSml dksî Qqy>kMw* dgrsgSaAml dkscukrsl e; ; ku
j[kkgSfd vxj ml esaLi sl ughagksrks>kMrsl e; phaVhft ankt k,A; ggSgekjh
VsDuksykWt hA
vc ; qjksi okyksausD; kfd; kmUgksauscuk; kgSa,d e'khuAgkt ks[khap
ysrkgSl cdksvi usvanjAns[kkgSMLV[khap ysrkgSdgrs&rksml dksMLVfDyuj
gSysfdu oksMLVfDyuj ughagSaMLVl dj gSAMLVdks[khaprkgSvkSj MLVdsl kFk
phaVhdksHkh[khap ysrkgSvkSj dkWdjksp dksHkhvkSj l cdks[kYykl djrkgSA; g
gSVsDuksykWt hAvc ge bl hesai Qal sgq, gSge rksfi NM+sgq, gaSA>kMwcuk; kgSaA
oksrkscgqr vkxsgSAi QkWoZMgSaD; ksafd mUgksausMLVl dj cuk; kgSa; ggekjheq[kZrk
gSAdksbZvxykfi NykughagksrkgSAnqfu; kesagj ns'kvi uhl H; rkvkSj vi uh
ekU; rkdsfgl kc l svkxsc<+rkgSA
gekjhl H; rkgSai quZt Ue okyhbl fy, ge t ksHkhdjsaxsml dks; ku esa
j[kdj djsaxsAgj t xgvki ; ghns[ksaxsfgUnqLrku esat ksHkhLons'khVsDuksykWt h
cusxhvkxsc<+sxhml esagj t xgvki ; ghi k; sxasAvxj ; gVsDuksykWt hfdl h,sl s
O; fkQuscuk; hgSat ks[kjkfgUnqLrkuhgSAvesjhdkfjVZu gSarksdckM+kdjsxkbl
ns'kdkAgk&D; ksafd ogkt ksns[kdsvk; kgSukdpjk] oksl c ; gkpkywdj nsxkA
dgsxkD; ki Qkyrwdke djrsgksA>kMwyxkrsgksMLVl dj ysdj vkvksml dksFkksM+h
nsj fct yhyxkvksAi w&i wdjsml dks[khap yksl cAvc ml esafdruhphaVhejh]
fdrusePNj fdruhe[[kh] ml dksdksbZfparkughaD; ksafd ml dksi quZt Ue esadksbZ
eryc ughagSt ksgSoksbl ht Ue esagSAfi Qj ge D; kdjsaAml dhudy dj djds
gekjs?kj esaysdsvk,aAvkSj vi usdksdgsagkge rkscgqr LekVZgSaAge rkscgqr
i QkWoMZgSaAge rkscgqr baVSfyt sUVgSaAgel scM+kew[kZdksbZughagSaA
fcukvi uhl H; rkdksl e>sdksbZfcukvi uhl aLfr dkst kusgq, nwl jksa
i j fVIi .khdjukvkSj vi uksadksml l suhpseku ysuk; gheq[kZrkgSaAge rksbl h
esai Qal sgSaAt c Hkh; gckr [kM+hgksrhgSukxka/ ht hdsl keusgks; kvki dsl keus
xk; dVjghgSaHkSal dVjghgSarkst ksHkkjrh; rkdsyksx gSat ksi quZt Ue esaekurs
gSat ksl ukruhfgUnqgSaAHkysfdl hHkhl ai znk; dsgSamudsfny esadl d mBrh
gSA; gxk; D; wdVrhgSdqN dj ughai krsoksvyx ckr gSAdl d rksgSafny
esavkSj bruhrhozdl d gSfd vki t jk[kqydj ckr djyksrksbruki QVi Mrs
gSafd xk; cpkusdsfy, eq>sesjht ku nsuhi M+srkseSarS; kj gwAD; wvkrhgSagesa
brukrhozmn~osxA; gt ksgekjseap i j FkksM+hnsj i gyst ksfoykl HkkbZcSBsFksuk
74 l ky dhmezeasmudseu esabrukmn~osx D; wgSAbl fy, gSfd i quZt Ue dh
ekU; rkgSvkSj ge l c bl ekU; rkl sca/ sgq, gSA
rksvc gekjsl keusi z'u D; kgSaAgekjsl keusi z'u ; g gSfd ft l
ekU; rkdksgeus/ kj.kfd; kgSAml dsvuq#i vi usns'kdhdkuwu O; oLFkkgksuh
pkfg,A; gi z'u gSAl cl scM+kdRry [kkuksadkcangksuk] ughagksuk; gbl i z'u
l sr; gksusokykgSAfgUnqLrku esadkuwu cusgSa] dk; nscusgSaoksvaxzst cukdspys
x, gSaAmu dkuwuksadsvuql kj xk; dkdRry ughagksl drkysfdu cw<+hxk; dk
gksl drkgSaAml hdkuwu dsvuql kj vaxzst ksaadkcuk;kgqvkdkuwu t c mUgksauscgqr
ncko es avkdsr; fd; kAvkSj cknesaHkkjr l jdkj usbl dksjkT; ksadsLrj i j
cuok; kAdsUnzusrksvkt rd ughacuk; kAHkkjr esavki t kursgSa18jkT; gaS
ft Ugksaus; gdkuwu cukfn; kgSamuesaegkjk"VHkh,d gSafd xk; dkdRy rksugha
djsxsays fdu vLoLFkxk; gSrksdj yasxsALoLFkdkughadjsxasAvLoLFkdkdj
yasxsArksLoLFkvkSj vLoLFkgksusdschp esa,d cgqr ckjhd ykbZu gSA
,d MkWDVj cSBrkgSdRy [kkusdsxsVi j t ks; gl VhZfi QdsVnsrkgSfd
; gLoLFkgS;kvLoLFkAml dsl VhZfi QdsVl sr; gksrkgSA,d ckj esansoukj dRy
[kkusesax; kAesjhvk[kksadsl keuscgqr vPNh&vPNhl qanj&l aqnj xk; ,dne LoLFk
dVusdsfy, xbZAeSausdgkHkkbZdkuwu ; gdgrkgSegkjk"Vdkfd xk; ugha
dVuhpkfg,Aml usdgkdkuwu dks; ku l si <+ks] dgrkgSafd chekj xk; dVuh
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l okjkgSvi usfgl kc l s] dksbZi M+ksl hvkdsdgsxas& t hmMndhnky [kkvksjkst A
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ekuukpkfg, fd ; gkft rusHkhgSaokscgqr ghl e>nkj gksaxsAmudhl e>nql js
rjgdhgksl drhgSarksvxj ge mudksBhd dj i k; sl e>dsLrj i j rksoks
gekjsl kFkvkt k; sxsaAD; ksafd gekjkmul s>xM+kFkksMs+ghgSaAge rksl H; rkvkSj
ekU; rkdhckr ysdst kjgsgaSAO; fkQxr fdl hl sdksbZ>xM+kughagSaAdksbZdkxzsl
dkgSadksbZcht si hdkdksbZjk"VoknhdkdksbZf'kol sukdkBhd gSAt kst gkgSa
jgsgekjkrksi z'u ml l scM+kgSAcht si hl scM+kgSAdkxzsl l scM+kgSAjk"Voknhl s
cM+kgSAf'kol sukl scM+kgSAD; ksafd l H; rk] ekU; rkvksadki z'u gSrkscM+si z'u gSaA
rks,sl h,d fouarheSavki l sdjusvk; kfd vki bl dke dkscgqr
egoi w.kZekudj t hou ; gcgqr psLFkku i j bl dksnt kZnsdj FkksM+ki z; kl djsa
rkst #j gkst k; sxkAvki ft rusyksx ; gkgSajkst vxj ,d ?kaVkHkhbl dke esa
yxk; sxsrkseSaX; kjaVhnsrkgw; gdke gkst k; sxkAdqN vl aHko ughagSabl esacl
,d ckj vki dks[kM+sgksusdhckr gSaAvc [kMs+dSl sgksAdHkh&Hkhegkuxji kfydk
esacM+hcSBd gksxhrksvki l c yksx de&l s&de ml fnu uxji kfydkdsl keus
mi okl djsaAl SdM+ksadhl a[; kesadjsaAekrk,Hkhgkas] cgusaHkhgkas] i q#"kHkhgkas]
cPpsHkhgksa] ml dksuSfrd vl j cgqr gksrkgSAxka/ ht hges'kkbl dkbLrseky djrs
FksAml esage rks'kqgksrsghgSal keusokysi j vl j cgqr gksrkgSvkSj vxj
uxji kfydkesa,sl kdqN gksrkgSAvki usfd; kdkSu t kusml hfnu egkuxji kfydk
; gi zLrko okfi l gkst k, rksSolved gkst k; sxki z'uA
,sl sghbu uxjl sodksads?kj&?kj t kdj mudksdufoal djukbl ckr
l s] oksHkhcgqr vko'; d gSAml dsfy, ; gvi usdk; ZdrkZvksausNksVhl hMhcukbZ
gaSoksvki l cdksfn[kknhft , fd dRy[kkusesagksrkD; kgSAvxj ,d ckj dksbZ
ns[kysxkrksvarj vkRekfgy t krhgSvkSj uxjl sodkssadhi fRu; ksadksvkSj muds
cPpksadksi gysfn[kknhft ,Agk; geSavuqHko l sdgjgkgwvki l sAfdl hdksvxj
Bhd djukgSukrksml dhi RuhvkSj cPpksadsjkLrsl sdjsacgqr vkl kuhl sgksrk
gSaAl h/ sdgsaxsrkscgqr vgadkj esackr djsaxsAeuq"; dkt ksLoHkko gSukoksl kai
t Sl kgksrkgSAl kai vki usns[kkgSukAl M+d i spysxk,sl s&,sl scgqr Vs<+k&es<+kpyrk
gSaAl h/ sdHkhughapyrkAt c ?kj esa?kql rkgSfcydqy l h/ st krkgSA?kj esa
Vs<+k&es<+kughapy l drkAD; ksafd chohdksgSukml dhcgqr l kjhi ksy ekywe
gSaAcPpksadksl c ekywe gSAbl fy, chohcPpksadsl keusVs<+kughajgl drkA
,dne l h/ kgSt gkoksl h/ kgSoghapksVdfj, ukrksmudscPpksadksmudhi fRu; ksa
dksvki fn[kknhft , dRry[kkukdSl kgksrkgSAoksvi usi fr dks; kvi usfi rkt h
dksduOgsUl dj ysxasAvki y<+kbZt hr ysaxsdqN eqf'dy ughagSabl esavkSj cgqr
vPNkgksxkt c vki ,sl kdksbZ/ juki zn'kZu djsrksmudhi RuhvkSj cPpsHkhml esa
'kkfey gksAfd candjks; gHkS; kAfcydqy l aHko gSvl aHko t Sl kdqN ughagSA
D; ksafd vkf[kjdkj oksl c Hkkjrh; gSaAl H; rkesamudsogheu esagSafd i quZt Ue
gksxkAi wN yksugharkst kdsekusaxsrksoksHkhfd i quZt Ue gksxkAmudksvxyhckj
xk; dkt Ue feykvkSj ,sl sghdRry [kkusesadkVkrks&rksoksvk; sxsvki dsl kFkA
; gt #j gksxkfd mudsmi j vi uh&vi uhi kfVZ; ksadkFkksM+ki zs'kj vk; sD; ksafd
i kfVZ; kcgqr ghvgadkj esaMwchgqbZgSaAi kfVZ; ksadks,sl syxrkgSfd l kjkns'koks
ghpykjgsgSaAokLrfodrk; ggSns'kvi uhxfr l spy jgkgSi kfVZ; ksadkml esa
dksbZ; ksxnku ughagSAvki ns[kksukAbl ns'kesat Ue gksrsgSaA'kknhgksrhgSAC; kg
gksrsgSAej.kgksrsgSAi kfVZ; ksadhD; kHkqfedkgSAml esadqN rksns'krksvi uh
xfr l spy jgkgSAi kfVZ; ksadks; gvgadkj gksx; kgSafd ge ns'kpykjgsgSA
gkykfd oksns'kdksMwckjgsgSpykD; kjgsgSaA58&59 l ky l sgeusl cdksns[k
fy;kgSA,d us[kM~MsesaMkykAnwl jsusml l sHkhT; knk[kM~MsesaMky fn; krksbudks
; gvgadkj gSrksml vgadkj dsrgr oksncko Mkysaxsoksncko l svki dksFkksM+k
nks&pkj gksuki M+sxkAml l sT; knkdqN rdyhi QughavkusokyhA

xk; vkSj xksew=kdhifjHkk"kk
xksew=kdsckjsesal kekU; t kudkjh
iz'u 1%xkSew=kfdl xk; dkysukpkfg,\
mkj & t ksou esafopj.kdjds] O; k; ke djdsbPNkuql kj ?kkl dkl sou djs]
LoPN i kuhi hos] LoLFkgks_ ml xkSdkxkSew=kvkS"kf/ xq.kokykgksrkgSA
'kkL=kh; funsZ'kgSfd &^^vxzexzapjUrhukeks"k/ hukaousous**A
iz'u 2%xkSew=kfdl vk;qdhxkSdkysukpkfg,\
mkj & fdl hHkhvk; qdh&cPph] t oku] cw<+h&xkSdkxkSeww=kvkS"kf/ i z; ksx esa
dke esaykukpkfg,A
iz'u 3%D;kcSy] NksVkcPpk;koqcSy dkHkhxkSew=kvkS"kf/ mi;ksx
esavkrkgS\
mkj & uj t kfr dkew=kvf/ d rh{.kgksrkgS] i j vkS"kf/ mi ; ksfxrkesade
ughagS] D; ksafd i zt kfr rks,d ghgSAcSyksadkew=kl w?kusl sghca; k
(ck>) dksl Urku i zkIr gksrhgSAdgkgS%
^^ "kHkka"pkfi ] t kukfe jkt u~i wft ry{k.kku~A
; s"kkaew=kkeqi k?kzk; ] vfi cU; ki zl w; rsAA**
(l anHkZ&egkHkkjr fojkVi oZ)
vFkZ% mke y{k.kokysmu cSyksadhHkheq>si gpku gS] ft udsew=kdksl w?k
ysusek=kl sca; kL=khxHkZ/ kj.kdjus; ksX; gkst krhgSA
iz'u 4 %xkSew=kdksfdl ik=kesaj[kukpkfg,\
mkj & xkSew=kdksrkcs; ki hry dsi k=kkesau j[kasAfeh] dkp] phuhfehdk
i k=kgks,oaLVhy dki k=kHkhmi ; ksxhgSA
iz'u 5 %dc rd l axzgfd;kt kl drkgS\
mkj & xkSew=kvkt hou fpj xq.kdkjhgksrkgSA/ wy u fxjs] Bhd rjgl s<dk
gqvkgks] xq.kksaesadHkh[kjkc ughagksrkgSAjax dqN yky] dkykrkck
o yksgkdsdkj.kgkst krkgSAxkSew=kesaxaxkusokl fd; kgSAxaxkt y
HkhdHkh[kjkc ughagksrkgSAi fo=kghjgrkgSAfdl hi zdkj ds
gkfudkjd dhVk.kqughagksrsgSaA
iz'u 6 %t l hZxk; dsoa'kdkxkSew=kfy;kt kukpkfg, ;kugha\
mkj & ughaysukpkfg,A
vk/ qfud jl k;u 'kkL=kdsvuql kj xkSew=kds
jkl k;fud rRoksadkjksxksaij izHkko fooj.k
a-l a- jkl k;fud jksxksaij roksadsizHkko
roksadsuke
1- ukbVkst u ew=ky] o` dki zkfrd mRrst d] jDr fo"ke; rk
dksfudkyrkgSA
2 + xa/ d (l Yi Qj) cMhvkr dhi qj%l j.kf;kdkscy feyrkgSA
jDr 'kks/ d gSA
3 + veksfu; k ;g'kjhj / krqvksavkSj jDr l axBudksfLFkj djrkgSA
4 + veksfu; kxSl iQsiQMksao'ol uvaxksadksl ae.kl scpkrkgSA
5 + rkack(dkWi j) vuqfpr esn(pchZ) dkscuusl sjksdrkgSA'kjhj
dht hok.kqvksal sj{kkdjrkgSA
6 + vk; ju jDr esamfpr yky d.kksadkfuekZ.kcuk; sj[krk
gSAdk; Z'kfDr fLFkj j[krkgSA
7+ ; wfj; k ew=kmRl xZij izHkkodjrkgSAdhVk.kquk'kd gSA
8+ ; wfjd ,fl M n; 'kksFkuk'kd] ew=ky gksusl sfo"k'kks/ d gSA
9- i QkWLi QsV ew=kokghl aLFkku l sfl drkd.k(i Fkjhd.k)
fudkyusesal gk; d gSA
10+ l ksfM; e jDr 'kks/ d] vEyrkuk'kd gSA
11+ i ksVsf'k; e vkeokr uk'kd {kq/ kdkjd gSAekal i s'khnkScZY;]
vkyL; feVkrkgSA
12 + eSaxuht dhVk.kquk'kd] dhVk.kqcuusl sjksdrkgS] xSaxjhu
l M+ka/ l scpkrkgSA
13 + dkcksZfyd ,fl M dhVk.kquk'kd] dhVk.kqcuusl sjksduk] xSaxjhu]
l aMk?kl scpkrkgSA
14 + dSfYl ; e jDr 'kks/ d] vfLFkiks"kd] t Urq?u] jDr]LdUnd gSA
15 + yo.k(ued) nwf"kr oz.k] ukM+hoz.k] e/ qesgt U; l aU; kl ]
fo"ke; rk] vEyjDrrkuk'kd] t Urq?uA
16- foVkfeu ,]ch] foVkfeu&cht houh; rRo] mRl kgLi QwfrZcuk;sj[kuk]
l h]Mh]bZ j[kuk] ?kcjkgV] I; kl l scpkrkgSAvfLFki ks"kd
i zt uu 'kfDr nkrkgSA
17- vU; feujYl jksx i zfrjks/ d 'kfDr dksc<+krkgSA
18- nqX/ 'kdZjk r`fIr jgrhgSAeq[k'kks"k] n; dksrkdr nsrk
gS] LoLFkdjrkgSAI;kl ] ?kcjkgVdksfeVkrkgSA
19- ,Ut kbEl i kpd jl cukrsgSaAjksx i zfrjks/ d 'kfDr
(vkjksX; dkjd rRo) c<+krsgaSA
20- t y t hounkrkgS] jDr dksrjy cuk, j[krk
gSA rki e dksfLFkj j[krkgSA
21- fgI; qfjd ,fl M ew=kdsOnkjkfo"kksadksckgj fudkyrkgSA
22- f; kfVfuu t Urq?u gSA
23- gkeksZUl vkB ekl dhxHkZorhxk; dsxkSew=kesagkjeksUl
ghgksrsgSaAt ksLokLF; o/ Zd gSA
24- Lo.kZ{kkj t Urq?u jksx fujks/ d 'kfDr c<+krkgSA
vk;qosZndsvuql kj xkSew=kdsxq.k
vk; qosZn] osnksal sfy; kx; kfpfdRl kdkvax gSAosncz okD; t uknZue~
gaSAbl fy, vkIrksi ns'kdgsx, gSaAxkSew=ki zHkko l sHkhfujksx djrkgSA^^vfpUR;
'kfkQ** bfr i zHkko dgkgSAft l 'kfkQdkfpUru (o.kZu) ughafd; kt kl drk
gSAxkSew=kdsvk; qosZnesaxq.kcrk, gSaA
vk;qosZndsvuql kj o.kZu &
jl %dVq] frkQ] d"kk; ] e/ qj] yo.kgSAi apjl ; qkQgSA
xq.k%i fo=k] fo"kuk'kd] t hok.kquk'kd] f=knks"kuk'kd] rkaf=kd] es/ 'kfkQo/ Zd
vdsykghi husl sl Hkhjksx uk'kd gSAi wjsxq.kvkxsof.kZr gSaA
oh;Z%m".koh; ZgSAfoikd %dVqgSA
izHkko %rkaf=kd] l oZjksx uk'kd gSA; gdkf; d] ekufl d jksxksadkuk'kdjrkgSA
; g; ksfx; ksadkfnO; i ku gS] ft l l sosfnO; 'kfkQi krsFksAxkSew=kesaxaxkusokl
fd; kgSAl oZi ki (jksx) uk'kd gSAvesfjdkesaHkhvuql a/ kul sfl gksx;kgSfd
foVkfeu^ch* rksxkSdsisVesal nkghjgrkgSA
; gl rksxq.kokykgSAfopkjksaesal kfRodrkykrkgSA6 ekl yxkrkj i hus
l svknehdhi zfr l rksxq.khgkst krhgSAjt ksxq.k] reksxq.kdkuk'kd gSA'kjhjxr
fo"kHkhi w.kZ: i l sew=k] i l huk] eyka'kds}kjkckgj fudkyrkgSAeuksjksx uk'kd
gSAvk; qosZnesadgkx; kgS%&
l qJ qr l afgrkl w=kLFkku ds45 osav; k; esaxkSew=kdsi wjsxq.kfy[ksx; s
gSaAl qJ qr l afgrk5000o"kZi qjkukvk; qosZndkxazFkgSAvk; qosZnosnksal sfy; kx; k
gSApjd l afgrk] jkt fu?kaVq] oòkxHkV~V] ve`rl kxj esao.kZu vk; kgSA^v"Vkax
l axzg*dsvuql kj
^^xO;al qe/ qjafdfUpn~nks"k?uaehdq"Buqr~
d.MqU?u] 'ke;sr] ihral E;d~nks"kksnjsfgre~A**
(pjd l q- v 1'yksd 100)
l qJ qr l afgrkesafuEu : i l sfi Qj o.kZu gSfd rh{.kkU;q".kkfu] dVquh]
frkQkuh] yo.kkuqjl kuh] y?kqfu] 'kks/ ukfu] diQokr?u] fe] esnks] fo"k]
xqYek'kZ] mnj] dq"B] 'kksiQkjkspd] ik.Mqjksx] | kauhfniukfup l kekU;%A
(l w=kkv- 45 'yksd 217)
l qJ qr l w-v-45 'yksd 217dki qu%bl hvk"kZxazFkesao.kZu gSAxkSew=ka
dVqrh{.kks".kal {kkjLuku okrye~y?okfXu] fniua] e;a] fiky] diQokr]
'kqya] xqYeksnjkukgfojsdkLFkkiukfn"kq] ew=kiz;ksx l k;s"kqxO;a] ew=kiz;kst ;sr
l q-v- 220&221 xkSew=k dM+ok] pjdk] d"kSyk] rh{.k] m".k] 'kh?kzi kpd]
efLr"d dsfy, 'kfkQo/ Zd] di Qokr gjusokyk] 'kwy (Colic) xqYe] mnj] vkukg]
dq.Mq(Itching Pain) [kqt yh] eq[kjksx uk'kd gSA; g fdykl (Lucodermo)
dq"B] vke] cfLrjksx uk'kd gSAus=kjksx uk'kd gSAbl l svfrl kj (Amebiasis)
ok; qdsl c fodkj] dkl ] 'kksFk] mnjjksx] fe] i k.Mq] frYyh] d.kZjksx] 'okl ]
eykojks/ ] dkeyk] fcYdqy Bhd gksrsgSaA
fpfdRl kesaxkSew=kdkghi z;ksx djukpkfg,Al Hkhew=kksaesaxkSew=kesaxq.k
vf/ d gSAvr%xkSew=kdkghi z; ksx djukpkfg,A vk; qosZndsvfr izpfyr xzaFkHkko
izdk'kl axzgesaHkkofeJ usfuEufyf[kr xq.kfy[ksgSaA
xkSew=ka] dVq] rh{kks".k] {kkj frkQd"kk;de~A
y?okfXu nhiua] fikr~diQokr uqrAA
'kqy] xqYe] mnj] vkukg] d.Mqvf{keq[kjksxft r~A
fdykl xn~okre~ofLr dq"B uk'kde~AA
dkl ] Lokl kige~'kksFk] dkeykik.Mqjksxgjr~A
d.Mqfoykl xn~] 'kwya] eq[kvf{kjksxku~AA
xqYe] vfrl kj] e#nke;] eq[kjks/ ku~A
dkl ] l dq"B t Bj] fe] ik.MqjksxkuAA
v; k; 19 'yksd 1l s6 Hkkoi zdk'ki woZ[kaMfu-/ -
vFkZ%xkSew=kpjdk] rst ] xje] {kkj] dM+ok] d"kSyk] yo.kvuqjl ] y?kqvfXu nhid]
efLr"d dsKkurUrqvksadksc<+kusokyk] okr di Quk'kd fi kdjusokykgSAi sVesannZ]
ok;qxksyk] i sVdsvU; jksx] [kqt yh] us=kjksx eq[kdsl Hkhjksxksadksu"VdjrkgSAf'o=k
(l iQsnnkx) (fydksMjek)] jkQfodkj] l Hkhdq"B Bhd gkst krsgSaAdkl ] 'okl ] 'kksFk]
ihfy;k(dkeyk)] jkQdhdeh] nLr yxuk(vfrl kj)] ok;qdsl Hkhjksx] l HkhdhVk.kq
u"VdjrkgSAxkSew=k,d (vdsyk) ghi husl sfodkj u"Vdj nsrkgSAl Hkhizdkj dsew=kksa
l sxksew=kesaxq.kvf/ d gSAyhoj] frYyh] mnj jksx] l wt u] nLr l kiQu vkuk] cokl hj]
d.kZesaMkyusl sdkudsjksx u"VgksrsgSaA
vke o`f] ew=kjksx] Luk; qfodkj] vLl hi zdkj dsokr jksx u"Vgksrs
gSaAl kjka'kgSfd l Ei w.kZjksxkasi j ,d vdsykxkSew=kghi w.kZl {ke gSAi Qkjl hxzUFk]
^vt k; cqYe[kyqdkr* esavusd vl k; jksxksadhxkSew=kl sfpfdRl kdko.kZu gSA

jksx D;ksagksrsgSa\
jksx gksusdsfuEu dkj.kgSaA
1- fofHk t hok.kqvksadsfdl hi zdkj l s'kjhj esafofHk vaxksai j vke.k
djusdsdkj.kA
2- 'kjhj dhjksx i zfrjks/ d 'kfkQdhdehdsdkj.k-
3- nks"kksa(f=knks"k) dsfo"ke gkst kusdsdkj.kA
4- vkjksX; nk; d roksa(t hal ) dhfdl hi zdkj dhdehdsdkj.kA
5- dqN [kfut rRoksadhdehdsdkj.kA
6- ekufl d fo"kkndsdkj.kA
7- fdl hHkhvkS"kf/ dsvfr i z; ksx dsdkj.kA
8- fo| qr rjaxksadhdehdsdkj.kA
9- o`ki dky esai jkskQfdUgahadsdkj.kA
10- vkgkj esai kSf"Vd roksadhdehdsdkj.kA
11- vkRekdhvkokt dsfo#dke djusdsdkj.kA
12- i woZt Ueksadsi ki ksadsdkj.kA(ft UgsadeZt O; kf/ ; kdgrsgSa)
13- Hkwrksads'kjhj esai zos'kl sHkwrkfHk"; ax jksx gkst krsgSaA
14- ekrkfi rkdsoa'ki jEi jkl sHkhjksx gksrsgSaA
15- fo"kksads}kjkjksx gksrsgSaA
xkSew=kjksxksaij dSl sfot ;hgksrkgS\
1- xkSew=kesafdl hHkhi zdkj dsdhVk.kqu"VdjusdhpeRdkjh' kfkQgSA
l HkhdhVk.kqt U; O; kf/ ; ku"VgksrhgSaA
2- xkSew=knks"kksa(f=knks"k) dksl eku cukrkgSAvr,o jksx u"Vgkst krsgSaA
3- xkSew=k'kjhj esa; r (fyoj) dksl ghdj LoPN [kwu cukdj fdl h
Hkhjksx dkfojks/ djusdh'kfkQi znku djrkgSA
4- xkSew=kesal Hkhro ,sl sgSa] t ksgekjs'kjhj dsvkjksX; nk; d roksadh
dehdhi wfrZdjrsgSaA
5- xkSew=kesadbZ[kfut ] [kkl dj rkezgksrkgS] ft l dhi wfrZl s'kjhj ds[kfut
roiw.kZgkst krsgSaALo.kZ{kkj Hkhgksusl sjksxksal scpusdh;g'kfkQnsrkgSA
6- ekufl d {kksHkl sLuk; qra=k(uoZl fl LVe) dksvk?kkr gksrkgSA
xkSew=kdkses; vkSj | dgkx; kgSA; kuhefLr"d ,oan; dks'kfkQ
i znku djrkgSAvr,o ekufl d dkj.kksal sgksusokysvk?kkr l sn;
dhj{kkdjrkgSvkSj bu vaxksadksgksusokysjksxksa l scpkrkgSA
7- fdl hHkhi zdkj dhvkS"kf/ ; ksadhek=kkdkvfri z; ksx gkst kusl st ks
ro 'kjhj esajgdj fdl hi zdkj l smi nzo i SnkdjrsgSamudksxkSew=k
vi uhfo"kuk'kd 'kfkQl su"Vdj jksxhdksfujksx djrkgSA
8- fo| qr rjaxsagekjs'kjhj dksLoLFkj[krhgSaA; sokrkoj.kesafo| eku gSaA
l w{ekfrl w{e : i l srjaxasgekjs'kjhj esaxkSew=kl si zkIr rkezdsjgusl s
rkezdsvi usfo| qrh; vkd"kZd xq.kdsdkj.k'kjhj l svkdf"kZr gksdj
LokLF; i znku djrhgSaA
9- xkSew=kjl k; u gSA;gcq<+ki kjksdrkgSAO; kf/ ; ksadksu"VdjrkgSA
10- vkgkj esat ksi ks"kd ro de i zkIr gksrsgSamudhi wfrZxkSew=kesa
fo| eku roksal sgksdj LokLF; ykHkgksrkgSA
11- vkRekdsfo#deZdjusl sn; vkSj efLr"d l adqfpr gksrkgS]
ft l l s'kjhj esaf; kdyki ksai j i zHkko i M+dj jksx gkst krsgSaAxkSew=k
l kfRod cqfi znku dj] l ghdk;Zdjkdj bl rjgdsjksxksal scpkrkgSA
12- 'kkL=kksaesai woZdeZt O; kf/ ; kHkhdghx; hgSat ksgesaHkqxruhi M+rh
gSaAxkSew=kesaxaxkusfuokl fd; kgSAxaxki ki ukf'kuhgS] vr,o xkSew=k
i ku l si woZt Ue dsi ki {k; gksdj bl i zdkj dsjksx u"Vgkst krsgSaA
13- 'kkL=kksadsvuql kj Hkwrksads'kjhj i zos'kdsdkj.kgksusokysjksxksai j xkSew=k
bl fy, i zHkko djrkgSfd Hkwrksadsvf/ i fr Hkxoku 'kadj gSaA'kadj ds
'kh'ki j xaxkgSAxkSew=kesaxaxkgS] vr,oxkSew=ki ku l sHkwrx.kvi us
vf/ i fr dseLrd i j xaxkdsn'kZu dj] 'kkUr gkst krsgSaAvkSj bl
'kjhj dksugahal rkrsgSaAbl rjgHkwrkfHk"; axrkjksx ughagksrkgSA
14- t ksjksxhoa'ki jai jkl sjksxhgks] jksx dsi gysghxksew=kdqN l e; i ku djus
l sjksxhds'kjhj esabruhfojks/ h'kfkQgkst krhgSfd jksx u"Vgkst krsgSaA
15- fo"kksads}kjkjksx gksusdsdkj.kksai j xkSew=kfo"kuk'kd gksusdspeRdkj
dsdkj.kghjksx uk'kdjrkgSAcM+h&cM+hfo"kSyhvkS"kf/ ; kxkSew=kl s
'kqgksrhgSaAxkSew=k] ekuo 'kjhj dhjksx i zfrjks/ uh'kfkQdksc<+kdj]
jksxksadksuk'kdjusdh{kerknsrkgSAImmunity Power nsrkgSAfufoZ"k
gksrsgq, ; gfo"kuk'kd gSAAnti-Toxic gSA
iapxO;
xkSnw/ ] xkSngh] xkS?kh(?k`r) xkSew=kvkSj xkse;] l s
cuusokysdqN LokLF;j{kd ;ksx ,oacukusdhfof/ ;ka
1- xkSew=kvdZ 15- f=ki Qykfn?k`r
2- xkSew=k?kuoVh 16- v"Veaxy ?k`r
3- xkSew=kgjM+spw.kZ 17- czkh?k`r
4- xkSew=kgfjrdhoVh 18- vt qZu ?k`r
5- xkSew=kkl o 19- t kR; kfn?k`r
6- ckyi ky jl 20- xkSe; okruk'kd rsy
7- ukjhl at houh 21- xksi ky uL;
8- xkSew=ki quuZokfnvdZ 22- xkSe; eyge
9- xkSew=ki quuZokfnoVh 23- xkSe; nknuk'kd ch
10- xkSew=kxqM+ekjkfnvdZ 24- vaxjkx pw.kZ(xkSe; mcVu)
11- xkSew=ke/ qesgkjhoVh 25- vaxjkx ch(xkSe; l kcqu)
12- xkSrkl o 26- xkSe; nareat u
13- xkSrkfj"V 27- xkSe; uoxzg/ wi
14- i apxO; ?k`r
1- xkSew=kvdZ
(esnksgj vdZ&jl ra=kl kj o fl iz;ksx)
?kVd %
1- xkSew=k 1yhVj
2- dsl j 0-6 xzke
fuekZ.kfof/ %dkp dsvkl ou ; a=k(vdZcukusdsi k=k&Distillation plant)
esaxkSew=kdksHkjdj ml dk1@2 yhVj vdZ[khap ysaAvdZfudyusdseqgi j dsl j
dksi rysdi M+sdhf'kfFky i ksVyhesack/ dj j[ksaft l l svdZesadsl j fefJ r gks
t k; sAdsl j dki z; ksx ykHknk; d gSysfdu vfuok; ZughaA
xq.k/ eZ%; gvdZi woksZDr l Hkhchekfj; ksaesami ; qDr gSAfo'ks"kr%dksysLVkWy dks
de djusvkSj ot u dks?kVkusdsmi ; ksx esavkrkgSAxkSew=k?kuoVhdsl kFkysus
l svf/ d ykHkgksrkgSA
ek=kk%10l s20fe-yh-fnu esanksckj 3&4 xq.ksi kuhdsl kFk; kxkSew=kl s1@3
ek=kkesaA
fo'ks"k%; fndksbZ'kjkch'kjkc NksM+usdkbPNqd gksrksdsoy 15 fnu l a; e j[kdj
bl vdZdkl sou djs16 osafnu 'kjkc dht xgvdZdkl sou djusdhghbPNk
gksxhAek=kk25 l s40feyh(fcuki kuhfeyk; s) t c Hkh'kjkc dhryc gksAde
l sde 6eghusrd bl dkl sou djsaft l l s'kjkc dsnq"i zHkkoksadkuk'kgksdj 'kjhj
LoLFkgksxkA
2- xkSew=k?kuoVh
(Hkko izdk'kfu?kq.V&ew=koxZ%)
?kVd %xkSew=k
fuekZ.kfof/ %xkSew=kdksvfXu i j vkSVkdj ml dk?ku cuk; kt krkgSA?ku l s
vk/ s&vk/ sxzke dh;kns'khpusdsvkdkj dhxksfy; kcukbZt krhgSaAuehl scpkus
dsfy, xkscj dhjk[krFkk'kqxSjhd (xs: ) dksvuqeku l sfeykdj ml esaxksfy; ksa
dksfyi Vkdj IykfLVd dhfMCchesaj[knsukpkfg,A
xq.k/ eZ%; g?kuoVhi wokZsDr l Hkhchekfj; ksaesami ; qDr gSAbl sxkSew=kvdZds
l kFkysusl svf/ d ykHkgksrkgSA
ek=kk%1l s2 xksyhfnu esanksckjANksVscPpsdksu nsaA
3- xkSew=kgjMs+pw.kZ
?kVd % ek=kk xzaFk v;k;
1- NksVhgjM+s 35 xzke Hkk- i z- fu- gjhrD; kfnoxZ%
2- vt ok; u 20 xzke Hkk- i zfu- 14
3- dkyhfepZ 5 xzke Hkk- i z- fu 7
4- ; o{kkj 10 xzke Hkk- i z- fu 93
(t ok[kkj)
5- dkykued 10 xzke Hkk- i z- fu 90
6-l sa/ kued 10 xzke Hkk- i z- fu 86
7- t hjk 10 xzke Hkk- i z- fu 19
8- xkSew=k vko'; drkuql kj Hkk- i z- fu ew=koxZ%
9- ghax 10 xzke Hkk- i z- fu
10- xk; dk?kh
fuekZ.kfof/ %l oZi zFke rhu fnu rd gjM+sdksxkSew=kesafHkxkb; sAgj fnu rkt k
xkSew=kys aAgjM+sdks/ wi esal q[kkusdscknml s/ hehvkp i j ,j.Mhdsrsy esaHkwfu,A
t c fl d t k; s] xkSew=kdhfpi fpi kgVfeVt k; rc mrkj ysaA
10xzke xk; ds?khesa10xzke ghax vkp esaHkwu ysaAvc HkwuhgqbZgjM+s
vkSj ghax esami jksDr l kexzhMkydj dwVi hl dj Nyuhl sNku ysaAvc bl Nus
gq, pw.kZdksvPNhrjg[kjy esa?kksVsaAckjhd l sckjhd jxM+usl sghxq.kdkjhgksxkA
xq.k/ eZ%i kpu 'kfDr dksl qn`<+cukrkgS] Hkkst u esa: fp t xkrkgS] dCt ] xSl ]
mnj jksxksaesavR; ar ykHknk; d] okr vkSj di Qdkuk'kdjrkgSAi sVesaxM+cM+h
gksusi j fl j esannZgksrksykHkgksrkgSAvkt dy jkl k; fud [kkno dhVuk'kdksa
dsdkj.kHkkst u fo"kSykgksx; kgSAbl pw.kZdksHkkst u dsl kFkl Ct h] nkyksaesa
Mkydj [kkus; kfuR; l yknesaysusl sbl dkfo"kSyki u dki Qh?kVt krkgSAbl fy,
fcukjks x dsHkhfuR; l sou djukvR; ar ykHknk; d gSA
ek=kk%1l s3 xzke l qcg&'kke Hkkst u dscknxeZt y l sA
4- xkSew=kgjhrdhoVh
?kVd %
1- xkSew=k 1yhVj Hkk- i z- fu ew=koxZ%
2- gfjrdhpw.kZ 50 xzke Hkk- i z- fu gjhrD; kfnoxZ%
fuekZ.kfof/ %dybZnkj d<+kbZesa1yhVj xkSew=kesa50 xzke gfjrdhpw.kZ
feykdj vkSVkb; sAt c xk<+kgkst k; rc ml spwYgsl smrkjdj vi usvki BaMk
gksusnsukpkfg,Afi Qj djNqy dhennl s[kqjp dj 1@2 &1@2 xzke dhxksfy; k
cukukpkfg,Auehl scpkusdsfy, xkscj dhjk[krFkk'kqxSjhd dksvuqeku
l sfeykdj ml esaxksfy; kasdksfyi Vkdj IykfLVd dhfMCchesaj[ksaA
xq.k/ eZ%l eLr mnj jksxksaesaykHkdkjh
ek=kk%2&2 xkssyhl qcg&'kke i kuhl s
5- xkSew=kkl o (v"Vkax n;)
?kVd %
1- fp=kd dht M+100 xzke
2- l ksaB 100 xzke
3- i hi j 100 xzke
4- ejhp pw.kZ 100 xzke
5- xkSew=k 4 yhVj
6- 'kgn; kxqM+ 1fdyks
7- xkS?k`r vko'; drkuql kj
8- / k; Vhi q"i 100 xzke
fuekZ.kfof/ %
igyhfof/ %xkSew=kdksi gysmckysaouLi fr ?kVdksadkpw.kZxkSew=kesafeykb; s
fi Qj ml esa'kgnvPNhrjgl sfeykdj ?k`r fl fehhdsi k=k ; k wooden
wax esaNksM+dj / k; Vhi q"i l a/ ku fof/ l sl a/ ku djsavkSj 15&20fnuksadscknt c
fd.ou dhf;kgkst k; rc Nkudj cksry esaHkj nsaA
nwl jhfof/ %xkSew=kdksi gysmcky ysarkfd bl dhveksfu; kxSl fudy t k,
vkSj xa/ u"Vgkst k; sAcrZu fehhdkgksAfi Qj Nkudj xqM+dksxykdj i qu%xeZ
djsaA,d ckj i qu%xqM+l fgr NkusaAvkt dy xqM+cukrsl e; jl k; uksadkmi ; ksx
fd; kt krkgS] ,sl kxqM+dke esaukysa] ; gl aa/ ku 15 fnu rd jgukpkfg,Afi Qj
fcukfgyk; si j l svkl o fuFkkj ysarkfd bl dkxk<+kHkkx ;wfj;kryNVesauhpsjg
t k;svkSj xkSew=kvkl oirykoikjn'kZd cusaA
xq.k/ eZ%i kpu 'kfDr dksl qn`<+cukrkgS] Hkkst u esa: fp t xkrkgS] ; r dks
cy nsrkgS] mnj jksxksadkuk'kdjrkgSAl kl dhrdyhi Q] [kkl h] nekesafo'ks"k
ykHknk; d] dq"B jksx esaHkhykHknk; dAft ruki qjkukvkl o gksxkmrukgh
vf/ d xq.kdkjhgksxkA
ek=kk%xkSew=kl svk/ hek=kk] nksuksal e; Hkkst u dsckni kuhdsl kFkA
fo'ks"k%e/ qesgdsjksxhi gyhfof/ l scukvkl o ghysa] nwl jhfof/ l scukvkl o
ughaA
6- ckyiky jl
?kVd %
1- czkh(e.Mwdi .khZ) 250xzke nz- xq- fo- i zFke v; k; 1
2- v'oxa/ k 250xzke o- pa- Hkkx 1
nz- xq- fo- uoe v; k; 343
3- 'krkojh 250xzke nz- xq- fo l Ire v; k; 234
4- xkSew=k 20yhVj Hkk- i z- fu- ew=koxZ%
5- 'kDdj vko'; drkuql kj
6- [kkusdkjax 1xzke
7- uhacwdkl r 5 xzke
fuekZ.kfof/ %?kVd 1l s3 rd ckjhd i hl dj xkSew=kesaMkydj vkl ou ; a=k
l svdZfudkydj ml esa'kDdj MkysaABaMkgksusdsckn[kkusdkjax vkSj uhacwdk
l r Mkydj cksry HkjsaA
xq.k/ eZ%ckyd dsvi pu] vi Qjk] i sVdsdhVk.kq(fe)] nw/ i Qsaduk] mYVh]
nw/ dki kpu u gksuk] jksx i zfrjks/ d 'kfDr dhdeh] xzksFki QsDVj dhdeh] nkr
fudyusdsl e; dsd"V] ekufl d nqcZyrk] vfodfl r efLr"d o vU; cky jksxksa
l scpko o fpfdRl kgksrhgSA; r o i Qsi QM+ksadsjksxksal sHkhj{kkgksrhgSAfuR;
nsrsjgusl sckyd LoLFkjgrkgSA
ek=kk%xkSew=kl svk/ hek=kk
7- ukjhl at houh
?kVd %
1- 'krkojh 250xzke nz- xq- fo l Ire v; k; 234
2- v'oxa/ k 250xzke nz- xq- fo uoe v; k; 343
3- v'kks d 250xzke nz- xq- fo l Ire v; k; 261
4- xkSew=k 20yhVj
5- 'kDdj vko'; drkuql kj
6- [kkusdki hykjax 1xzke
7- uhacwdkl r 5 xzke
fuekZ.kfof/ %?kVd 1l s3 rd ckjhd dwVi hl dj xkSew=kesaMkydj vkl ou
; a=kl svdZfudkydj ml esa'kDdj MkysaABaMkgksusdsckn[kkusdkjax vkSj uhacw
dkl r Mkydj cksry HkjsaA
xq.k/ eZ%efgykvksadsekfl d / eZdhfdl hHkhi zdkj dhxM+cM+h(Menstrual
Disorder) 'osr i znj (Leucorrhea)] jDr i znj rFkkbuds}kjkgksusokyhl c
i zdkj dhdet ksjh] dej nnZ] gkFk&i ko i Qwyuk] fl jnnZ] t h?kcjkuk] pDdj vkuk]
fny dhdet ksjh] i sVesaxSl cuuk] gFksyhi Sj dsryost yuk] fnekxhxehZ] ks/
vkuk] uhande vkuk] eqgkl svkfnjksx Bhd gksrsgSaAges'kkysrsjgusl sefgykvksa
dsLokLF; o l qanjrkdhj{kkgksrhgSA
ek=kk%xkSew=kl svk/ hek=kkA
8- xkSew=kiquuZokfnvdZ
?kVd %
1- i quuZok 100 xzke nz- xq- fo- v"Ve v; k; ew=kykfnoxZ
2- xks[k: dht M+50 xzke nz- xq- fo- 682
3- mi yl jhdh 50 xzke nz- xq- fo- v"Ve v; k;
t M+(l kfjok) jDr i zl knu
4- uhe dsi ks 25 xzke nz- xq- fo- 57f}fr; v; k;
5- xqycsy (xqMwph) 25 xzke nz- xq- fo- uoev; k; 342
6-nk: gYnh 25 xzzke nz- xq- fo- "k"B v; k; 222
7-nwokZ 25 xzke nz- xq- fo- l Ire v; k; 242
8- dadksy 10 xzke nz- xq- fo- v"Ve v; k; 274
9- xkSew- 3-2 yhVj Hkk- i z- fu- ew=koxZ%
fuek.kZfof/ %l Hkh?kVd ckjhd dwVi hl dj Nkudj xkSew=kesaMkydj vkl ou
; a=k}kjk1@2 Hkkx vdZfudkysaAvdZdksNkUkdj dkp dhcksry esaHkjdj cksry
dksgokcandjukpkfg,A
xq.k/ eZ%; r o xqnsZdhchekfj; ksaesafo'ks"kykHknk; dAew=kfojspd] 'kjhj esa
vkbZl wt u dksnwj djrkgSAi quuZokfnoVhdsl kFkysusi j i wjkykHkfeyrkgSA
ek=kk%2&2 pEep l qcg&'kke ; koS| dh; l ykgdsvuql kjA
9- xkSew=kiquuZokfnoVh
?kVd %
1- i quuZokdht M 100 xzke nzO; xq.kfoKku v"Ve v; k; 267
2- xks[k: dht M 50 xzke nz- xq- fo
3- mi yl jhdh 50 xzke nz- xq- fo v"Ve v; k; 363
t M+l kfjok
4- uhe dsi ks 25 xzke nz- xq- fo f}fr; v; k; 57
5-xqycsy&xqMwph 25 xzke nz- xq- fo uoe v; k; 342
6-nk: gYnh 25 xzke nz- xq- fo "k"B v; k; 222
7-nwok 25 xzke nz- xq- fo l Ire v; k; 242
8- dadksy 10 xzke nz- xq- fo v"Ve v; k; 274
9- xkSew=k 1@2yhVj nz- xq- fo ew=koxZ%
fuekZ.kfof/ %l Hkh?kVd ckjhd dwVi hl dj di M+Nku dj xkSew=kdsl kFkd<+kbZ
esMkydj eankfXu esavkSVkdj xk<+kcuusnsaAfi Qj vi usvki BaMkgksusi j 1@2
&1@2 xzke dhxksfy; kcuk;saAuehl scpkusdsfy, xkscj dhjk[krFkk'kqxSjhd
dksvuqeku l sfeykdj ml esaxksfy; ksadksfyi Vkdj IykfLVd dhfMCchesaj[k
nsaAxq.k/ eZ%; r o xqnsZdhchekfj; ksaesafo'ks"kykHknk; dAew=kfojspd] 'kjhj esa
vkbZl wt u dksnwj djrkgS] i quuZokfnvdZdsl kFkysusi j i wjkykHkfeyrkgSA
ek=kk%l qcg'kke 1&1xksyh; koS| dh; l ykgdsvuql kj
10 xkSew=kxqM+ekjkfnvdZ
?kVd %
1- vkoyk 100 xzke o- pa- 127
2- gYnh 100 xzke nz- xq- fo- f}rh; v; k; ]
dq"B?kz62
3- esFkh 100 xzke
4- xqM+ekj 50 xzke
5- t kequ cht 50 xzke nz- xq- fo- v"Ve v; k; ]
e w=k
l axzg.kh; 284
6- djsyk 50 xzke nz- xq- fo- v"Ve v; k; 298
7- dMqfpjk; rk 50 xzke
8- xkSew=k 2 yhVj
fuekZ.kfof/ % l Hkh?kVd ckjhd dwV i hl dj Nkudj xkSew=kesaMkydj
vkl ou ; a=k}kjk1@2 Hkkx vdZfudkysaAvdZdksNkudj dkp dhcksry esa
Hkjdj cksry dksgokcandjukpkfg,A
xq.k/ eZ%e/ qesg fu; a=k.kgsrq
ek=kk%oS| dh; l ykgdsvuql kj
11- xkSew=ke/ qesgkjhoVh
?kVd %
1- vkoyk 100 xzke
2- gYnh 100 xzke
3- esFkh 100 xzke
4- xqM+ekj 50 xzke
5- t kequ cht 50 xzke
6- djsyk 50 xzke
7- dMqfpjk; rk 50 xzke
8- xkSew=k 2 yhVj
fuekZ.kfof/ %%l Hkh?kVd ckjhd dwVi hl dj di M+Nku dj xkSew=kdsl kFk
d<+kbZesaMkydj eankfXu esavkSVkdj xk<+kcuusnsaAfi Qj vi usvki BaMkgksusi j
1@2 &1@2 xzke dhxksfy; kcuk; saAuehl scpkusdsfy, xkscj dhjk[krFkk'kq
xSjhd dksvuqeku l sfeykdj ml esaxksfy; ksadksfyi Vkdj IykfLVd dhfMCchesa
j[knsukpkfg,A
xq.k/ eZ%e/ qesg fu; a=k.kgsrq
12&xkSrkl o
?kVd %
xk; dkek1yhVj (fi l k) l Sa/ kued 50xzke
jkbZdkpw.kZ&50xzke gYnhpw.kZ&50xzke
fuekZ.kfof/ %xk; dsesesacjkcj ek=kkesai kuhfeykdj] ml esackdhrhuksa
pht savPNhrjgfeykdj j[knsoasAfi Qj fdl hfehdscrZu ; kdkap dserZcku
esaHkj dj eqgcanj[kdj l a/ ku djsa ApkSFksfnu bl sNkudj cksryksaesaHkjsaAfuFkkj
dj Nkuukpkfg, rkfd jkbZdsfNydsvkSj gYnhde vkl dsAcknesacksryksaesa
HkhgYnht e t kusdscknfuFkkjrsjgsaA
xq.k/ eZ% v'kZ(cokl hj) dsfy; sgj l wjr esaykHkdkjhAi sVdsl c jksx] Hkw[k
u yxuk] v u i puk] xSl ] vt h.kZBhd gksrsgSaA; gi kpd gSA; r] Iyhgk
dksykHki gqpkrkgSA
l c i zdkj dscokl hj] vt h.kZ] vi Qkjk] xSl ] Hkw[kdhdeh] ?kcjkgV]
dCt ] l Hkhi zdkj dsi sVjksxksadkuk'kd gSALokfn"Vi kpd i s; gSA
ek=kk%NksVspkj pEep Hkkst u dsckni kuhfeykdj nksckj i husl si Qk;nkgksrkgSA
l c rqesal cdsfy, cjkcj ek=kkesajkst kukysukLokLF;j{kd gSAvk;qo/ Zd i s; gSA
Lokfn"VgSAfujki n] l jy ;ksx gSAxSl uk'kd gSA
13- xkSrkfj"V
(vk;qosZnl kj l axzg&vkl okfj"Vizdj.k)
?kVd %
1- vt ok; u 120xzke
2- vkaoyk 120xzke
3- gjMs+ 120xzke
4- dkyhfepZ 120xzke
5- i kpksaued 40xzke
(l as/ kued] chMued] dkykued] l ksopZyued] l eqnzhued)
6- xkSr ([kV~VhNkN) 6 yhVj
fuekZ.kfof/ %mi jksDr i zek.kesal Hkh?kVd ysdj mudkpw.kZcukdj ,d i k=k
esaMky ml esar Mky nsavkSj i k=kdkeq[kcandj] 1ekgcknNkudj j[kysaA
xq.k/ eZ%mke nhi d] i kpd] : fpo/ Zd] ; r mkst d] ey dkscka/ usokyk_
'kksFk] xqYe] v'kZ] fe] i zesg] l axzg.kh] vfrl kj vkSj mnj jksxksadksu"VdjrkgSA
fo'ks"kr %i qjkuhl axzg.khvkSj vfrl kj esami ; qDrA
ek=kk%10&15 feyhfnu esanksckj Hkkst u dsckni kuhdsl kFkA
14&iapxO; ?k`r
?kVd %
xkscj jl &100fe-yh- xk; dkngh&100fe-yh-
xkSnw/ &100fe-yh- xkSew=k&100 fe-yh-
xkS?k`r &100fe-yh-
fuekZ.kfof/ %l cdks,d d<+kbZesaMkydj vkx i j p<+koasAeaneanvkp nsosaA
fl i QZ?khghi dusdsckn'ks"kjgs] rc B.MkdjdsNku ysoasA
ek=kk%5 l s10feyhyhVj fnu esanksckj Hkkst u dsi woZrFkknksnkscwnukd
esajkr dksl ksrsl e; ; krdyhi Qdsl e;
xq.k%i qjkuhl nhZ] l k; ul ] fexhZ] fnekx dhdet ksjh] i kxyi u] i k.Mq] 'kksFk]
Hk; adj dkeyk(J aundice)] cokl hj] xqYe] xzgck/ k] fo"keToj] cqfeUnrk]
; knnk'r dhdehi j ykHkdkjhgSA
15- f=kiQykfn?k`r
(jl ra=kl kj o fl iz;ksx l axzgHkkx 1?k`rrSy izdj.k)
?kVd %
1- f=ki Qyk 750xzke
2- Hkkaxjsdkjl @DokFk 750feyh
3- vMql sdkjl @DokFk 750feyh
4- vkaoysdkjl @DokFk 750feyh
5- 'krkoj dkjl @DokFk 750feyh
6- fxyks ; dkjl @DokFk 750feyh
7- cdjhdknw/ 750feyh
8- i hi y 20 xzke
9- feJ h 20 xzke
10- equDdk 20 xzke
11- gjM+s 20 xzke
12- cgsM+k 20 xzke
13- vkoyk 20 xzke
14-uhy dey 20 xzke
15- {khjdkdksyh 20 xzke
(vHkko esaeqygBh)
16- vl xa/ dht M+ 20 xzke
17-dVsyh 20 xzke
18- xks?k`r 750xzke
19- t y vko'; drkuql kj
fuekZ.kfof/ %f=ki Qyk750xzke dk8xq.kkt y esaDokFkdjsaAv"Veka'kt y
'ks"kjgusi j Nkudj mi ; ksx esaysaA; gDokFkvkSj ?kVd 2 l s7vki l esafeyk
nsaAvc ?kVd 8l s17dksbuesaMky nsaAvc bl s?khesa idk;savkSj rqjar mrkjdj NkuysA
xq.k/ eZ%us=kjksx] jrkSa/ h(jkr esau fn[kuk)] eksfr; kfcan] us=kdhykyh] va/ rk]
ea nn`f"V] okrt ] fi kt ] di Qt us=kjksx] 'kkjhfjd cy] i kpu 'kfDr vkSj 'kkjhfjd
dkafr dksc<+krkgSAefLr"d dhfucZyrkdksnwj djrkgS] t h.kZdCt l seqfDr
fnykrkgSA
ek=kk%5&10xzke fnu esanksckj] l q cg&jkf=kdksnw/ dsl kFk; knksi gj vkSj jkf=k
dksHkkst u dsi zkjaHkesai zFke xzkl dsl kFkA
16- v"Veaxy ?k`r
(jl ra=kl kj o fl iz;ksx &?k`rrSy izdj.k)
?kVd %
1- cp 10 xzke
2 dqB 10 xzke
3- czkh 10 xzke
4- l i Qsnl jl ksa 10 xzke
5- vuarewy 10 xzke
6-l sa/ kued 10 xzke
7- i hi y 10 xzke
8- xks?k`r 280 xzke
9- t y 12 yhVj
fuekZ.kfof/ %l HkhvkS"kf/ ; ksadksl eHkkx ysdj dYd djsa] cknesasdYd dspkj
xq.kkt y feykdj ; Fkkfof/ ?k`r fl djsaA
xq.k/ eZ%; g?k`r ckydksadksjkst pVkusl smudhcqfc<+dj / kj.k'kfDr rhoz
gksrhgS,oackyd LoLFkvkSj i q"VcurkgSA
ek=kk%1&1xzke l qcgvkSj 'kke feJ hesa; kHkkst u dsi gysxzkl esafeykdj fnu
esanksckj l sou djsaA
17- czkh?k`r
(jl ra=kl kj o fl iz;ksx&izFke [kaM?k`rrSy izdj.k)
?kVd %
1- czk dkLojl 4 fdyks
2- xks?k`r 2 fdyks
3- l ksaB 10 xzke
4-dkyhfepZ 10 xzke
5- l i Qsnful ksr 10 xzke
6-dkyhful ksr 10 xzke
7-'ka[kkgqyh 10 xzke
8- nUrhewy 10 xzke
9- i hi y 10 xzke
10ok; foMax 10 xzke
11- l krykdhNky 10 xzke
12- veyrkl i Qyhdkxwnk 10 xzke
13- t y 8yhVj
fuekZ.kfof/ %czkhdkLojl 4 fdyksvkSj xks?k`r 2 fdyksysaA?kVd 3 l s
12 dkst y esai hl dj dYd djsaAfi Qj l cdks8yhVj t y esafeykeankfXu
i j i dkdj ?k`r fl djsaA
xq.k/ eZ%; g?k`r mUekn] dq"B] vi Lekj] ext dhfucZyrkvkSj eankfXu dksnwj
djrkgSAeykojks/ dkuk'kdjrkgSA
ek=kk%5&10xzke fnu esanksckjA
18- vt Zqu ?k`r
(vk;qosZnl kj l axzg&?k`rrSy izdj.k)
?kVd %
1- ewfPNZr xks?k`r 1fdyks
2- vt qZu dhNky 2 fdyksvkSj vt Zqu dYd 100xzke
3- t y 16 fdyks
fuekZ.kfof/ %l oZi zFke vt qZu dhNky 1fdyksysdj t kSdwVdjsaaA
rRi 'pkr bl esa16 fdykst y feykdj DokFkdjsaA4 fdykst y 'ks"kjgusi j
mrkjdj Nku ysaAcknesavt qZu dhNky 100xzke ysdj ml dkdYd cukosaAfi Qj
i jksDr DokFk] ?k`r vkSj dYd dksfeykdj ?k`ri kd fof/ l s?k`ri kd dj ysaA?k`r
fl gkst kusi j Nkudj l qjf{kr Hkj ysaA
xq.k/ eZ%n; jksx vkSj okr dhrdyhi QesasvR; ar ykHknk; dA
ek=kk%2-5 l s5 xzke feJ hdsl kFkpVkdj i j l sxeZxk; dknw/ fi yk; saA
19- t kR;kfn?k`r
(jl ra=kl kj o fl iz;ksx l axzg&?k`rrSy izdj.k)
?kVd %
1- pesyhdsi ks 10 xzke
2- uhe dsi ks 10 xzke
3- i Vksy i =k 10 xzke
4-eSufl y 10 xzke
5- gYnh 10 xzke
6-nk: gYnh 10 xzke
7-dqVdh 10 xzke
8- et hB 10 xzke
9- eqygBh 10 xzke
10- djat dsi ks 10 xzke
11- us=kckyk 10 xzke
12- vuarewy 10 xzke
13-uhykFkksFkk 10 xzke
14- xk; dk?kh 500 xzke
fuekZ.kfof/ %?kVd 1l s12 rd l Hkh1&1rksyki kuhesa?kksVdj yqxnhcukysaA
fi Qj yqxnhl spkj xq.kk?khvkSj 16 xq.kkt y feykdj eanvkp i j i dkdj ?k`r
fl djsaA?k`r i d t kusi j Nku ysa] fi Qj ekse vkSj uhysFkksFksdki Qwyk1&1rksyk
feykdj eyge t Sl k?k`r cukysaA
xq.k/ eZ%i qjkukukM+hoz.k(ukl wj)] xaHkhj oz.k; ki QksM+kvkSj l Hkh?kkoksaesami ; qDrA
ek=kk%vko'; drkuql kj dsoy ck i z; ksx dsfy,
20- xkSe; okruk'kd rsy
?kVd %
1- l jl ks adkrsy 1yhVj
2- xkSew=k 500feyh- Hkk- i z- fu ew=koxZ%
3- vkackgYnh 50 xzke nz- xq- fo- f}fr; v; k; ([k)
4-ygl qu@(l ksu) 50 xzke nz-xq- fo- i zFke v; k; 26
5- fuxqZaMhi =k 50 xzke nz- xaq- fo- i zFke v; k; 24
6- di wj 10 xzke nz- xq- fo- r`fr; v; k; 76
7- vt ok; u l r 10 xzke nz- xaq- fo i ape v; k; 203
fuekZ.kfof/ %l jl ksadkrsy d<+kbZesaMkydj ml seankfXu i j j[kl Hkh?kVd feyk
nsa] t c dsoy rsy 'ks"kjgsrksBaMkgksusi j cksry esaHkj ysaA
xq.k/ eZ%l af/ okr] Luk; qokr] eksp] l wt u i j ekfy'kgsrq
21- xksiky uL;
?kVd %
1- xkSoRl xkscj 100 xzke
(xk; dsrRdky i Snkgq, cNM+s&cfN; kdkxkscj t kscNM+sdsxHkZesajgrsl e;
ghcukgks)
2- vkd dknw/ 100 xzke
3- dkyhfepZ 50xzke
fuekZ.kfof/ %i jksDr xkscj dks[kjy esaMkydj [kwc [kjy djsaA
fi Qj vkd dknw/ Mkydj [kwc [kjy djsaAl w[kt kusi j nw/ MkyrsjgsavkSj yxkrkj
[kjy djrsjgsaAcknesavPNhrjgl q[kkysaAbl l w[ksxkscj l svk/ kHkkx dkyh
fepZdkpw.kZfeykdj fi Qj [kwc jxM+saArRi 'pkr di M+sl sNkudj 'kh'khesaHkjdj
j[ksaA
xq.k/ eZ%fexhZ(Epilepsy), fnekx esadhM+s(fe)] ukd dki hul ] fgLVhfj; k]
csgks'kh] l k; ul ] fl j nnZvkfnesa,d uyhesabl uL; dksj[kdj nksuksal qjksaesai QwdsA
,d&nksfexhZdsnkSjsesai Qwd nsusl sfexhZu"VgksrhgSA
22- xkSe; eyge
?kVd %
1- xkscj dsNk.ksdkckjhd pw.kZ 500 xzke
2- xs: feh 400xzke Hkk- i z- fu / kRokfnoxZ
3- xkSew=k{kkj 100xzke Hkk- i z- fu-
4-uhykFkksFkk 50xzke
5- i sVksfy; e t syh 1fdyks
fuekZ.kfof/ %i gysuhykFkksFkki hl dj fi Qj NksVhl hd<+kbZesaeanvkp i j Hkwu
ysaAjaax l i Qsngksusi j mrkj ysaAfi Qj l Hkhpht ksadksckjhd jxM+dj i sVksfy; e t syh
esa sfeykdj [kjy esafi Qj l s[kwc jxM+saAckneasa'khf'k; ksaHkj ysaAdHkhdksey LFkku
i j yxkusl st yu gksrksFkksM+k?khfeykdj gYdkdjsaA
xq.k/ eZ%nkn(,fDt ek)] [kkt ] fl jksfl l ] nwf"kr ?kko i j ykHkdkjhA
ek=kk%Ropkjksx i j xkSew=kl sogLFkku / ksdj fnu esanks&rhu ckj eyge yxk; saA
l ko/ kuh%vk[kksaesau yxusik;saA
23- xkSe; nknuk'kd ch
?kVd %
1- eqyrkuhfeh 1fd- xzk- Hkk- i z- fu-
2- rkt kxkscj 1fd- xzk- Hkk- i z- fu-
3- ckophdscht 200 xzke nz- xq- fo- f}fr; v; k; 66
4- uhe dsi kksa a
dkdk<+k1Hkko vko'; drkuql kj nz- xq- fo- 162
fuekZ.kfof/ % rkt sxkscj esaNusgq, uhe dsi kksadsdk<s+dksfeykdj eksVh
pyuhl s,d ckj i qu%NkusaAbl esa?kVd 2&3 dsdi M+NUkpw.kZdksvPNhrjg
l sfeykdj l kps;kMkbZesanckdj fVfd;kcukysaAvkSj / wi esal q[kknsaA
xq.k/ eZ%peZjksx i j xq.kdkjh] fo'ks"kr%nkn] ,fDt eki j
ek=kk%i kuh; kxkSew=kdsl kFkysi djsaA
24- vaXkjkx pw.kZ(xkSe; mcVu)
1- rkt kxkscj 1fdyks Hkk- i z- fu-
2- eqyrkuhfeh 1fdyks Hkk- i z- fu-
3- xs: dkpw.kZ 100 xzke Hkk- i z- fu- / kRokfnoxZ%
4 gYnhdkpw.kZ 50 xzke nz- xq- fo- f}fr; v; k;
dq"B?kz&62
5 nw/ ,sfPNd o vko'; drkuql kj (: [khRopkdsfy, ykHkdkjh)
fuekZ.kfof/ %1- ?kVd 2]3]4 dkdi M+Nu pw.kZcukdj j[kysaAbl srkt sxkscj
esavPNhrjgfeykdj l q[kkysaAl q[kusi j bl dki qu%di M+Nu pq.kZcukdj Hkj ysaA
2- nwl jhfof/ esaxkscj dsl kFk&l kFknw/ dkHkhfeJ .kdj nsaA
xq.k/ eZ%psgjsdhped c<+krkgS] eqgkl ksal sNqVdkjkfnykrkgS] Ropki j i M+s
dkysnkxksadksfeVkrkgS] i l husdhnqxZa/ dkuk'kdjrkgS] Ropkdksi ks"k.knsrk
gS] [kkt &[kqt yhfeVkrkgS] RopkesafNi sdhVk.kqvksadkuk'kdjrkgS] ckyksadh
: l hl sNqVdkjkfnykrkgS] jDr pki dksl kekU; djusesaenndjrkgS] t ksM+ksads
nnZesayxkdj / wi esacSBus; kl sd nsusl svkjke i gqpkrkgSArst cq[kkj esafl jnnZ
; krst t qdke gksusi j yykVi j eksVkysi yxk; sa] fefuVksaesavkjke feysxk] 2&3
?kaVksaesacq[kkj Hkhmrj t k; sxkA
mi;ksx dhfof/ %nw/ ] ngh] NkN ;ki kuhdsl kFki z;ksx djsaA: [khRopkokysnw/
;knghdsl kFk] rSyh; Ropkokysi kuhdsl kFkvkSj ckyksaesaNkN dsl kFki z; ksx
djsaA
25- vaxjkx ch(xkSe; l kcqu)
1- rkt kxkscj 1fdyk Hkk- i z- fu-
2- eqyrkuhfeh 1fdyks Hkk- i z- fu-
3- xs: dkpw.kZ 100 xzke Hkk- i z- fu / kRokfnoxZ%
4- gYnhdkpw.kZ 50 xzke nz- xq- fo- f}fr; v; k;
dq"B?kz62
5 uhe dsi kksadk500fe-yh- Hkk- i z- fu-
dk<+k
fuekZ.kfof/ %rkt sxkscj esaNusgq, uhe dsi kksadsdk<s+dksfeykdj eksVhpyuh
l s,d ckj i qu%NkusaAbl esa?kVd 2]3 vkSj 4 dsdi M+NUkpw.kZdksvPNhrjg
l sfeykdj l kps; kMkbZesanckdj fVfd; kcukysaAvkSj / wi esal q[kknsaA
xq.k/ eZ%psgjsdhped c<+krkgS] eqgkl ksal sNqVdkjkfnykrkgS] Ropki j i M+s
dkysnkxksadksfeVkrkgS] i l husdhnqxZa/ dkuk'kdjrkgS] Ropkdksi ks"k.knsrk
gS] [kkt &[kqt yhfeVkrkgS] RopkesafNi sdhVk.kqvksadkuk'kdjrkgSA
fo'ks"k%'kjhj i j yxkusl si gysvk/ s&,d fefuVdsfy, chdksi kuhl sue
dj nsaA
26- xkSe; nareat u
?kVd %
1- xkscj dsdaMksa 500xzke v- l - 261&62
dkdks; yk
2- l knkdi wj 10xzke o- pa- 57
3- vt ok; u dkl r 10xzke Hkk- i z- fu- gjhrD; kfnozxZ%15
4-ykSax 40xzke Hkk- i z- fu- di wjkfnoxZ%21
5- uhyfxjhdkrsy 20xzke
6-l sa/ kued 100 xzke Hkk- i z- fu- gjhrD; kfnoxZ%86
fuekZ.kfof/ %xkscj dsd.Mksadksi gysl ki Q&l qFkjht xg; kd<+kbZesaj[kdj
t yk; saAt c / qvkfudyukcangkst k; rks,d l ki Qrxkjhl s<d nsavkSj ml dh
vkl i kl dhgokcandjusdsfy, VkVdkdi M+kfdukjksai j ncknsaAyxHkx
vk/ s?kaVsdsckn[kksydj dkyket cwr dks; ykfudky ysaAdPpkdaMk; kt yh
l i Qsnjk[kdke esaughaysaAcM+hek=kkesacukukgksrkst ehu esax k[kksndj bZaV
l hesaVl sIykLVj dj ml esadks; ykcuk; kt kl drkgSAi j l sfdl hcM+syksgs
dscrZu l s<ddj gokcandht kl drhgSAbl rjgcusdks; ysdks[kjy esa
ckjhd djdsl wrhdi M+sesajxM+dj Nkudj l w{e pw.kZcukysaA
vc l sa/ kued dsckjhd pwjsdks300xzke i kuhesafeykdj vPNhrjg
?kksy ysaAbl sdks; ysdspwjsi j / hjs&/ hjsfNM+ddj vPNhrjgfeykrst k; saAbl s
rhu&pkj ?kaVsrd ,sl sghi M+kjgusnsa] ft l l sl e ek=kkesauehi QSy t k; Abl h
l e; di wj vkSj vt ok;u dsl r dks,d 'kh'khesafeykdj ,d ?kaVsj[ksaA; gvi us
vki ?kqydj rsy cu t k; sxkvkSj ykSax dks[kjy esa,dne ckjhd dj ysaAvar esa
uhyfxjhdsrsy vkSj di wj&vt ok;u dsl r dsrsy o ykSax dspw.kZdksxkscj dks;ys
dspw.kZi j fNM+ddj vPNhrjgfeyk; savkSj raqjr i Sd dj nsaA
xq.k/ eZ%nkr dknnZ] nkr l s[kwu vkuk] eqgdhnqxZa/ ] nkrksaesadhM+kyxuk] nkrksa
dkeSy] nkrksadhdet ksjhvkfnesavR; ar ykHknk; dA
ek=kk%vko'; drkuql kjA
27- xkSe; uoxzg/ wi
?kVd %
1- rkt kxkscj 2 fdyks
2- ?kh 200 xzke
3- v{kr (v[kaMpkoy) 150xzke
4- eSnkydM+h vko'; drkuql kj
5- vkd 100 xzke
6- i yk'k 100 xzke
7- [kSj 100 xzke
8- vi kekxZ 100 xzke
9- i hi y 100 xzke
10- xwyj 100 xzke
11- 'keh 100 xzke
12- nwokZ 100 xzke
13- nHkZ 100 xzke
14- ydM+hdkcqjknk 2 fdyks
fuekZ.kfof/ %l cl si gys?kVd 5 l s13 esa?khdksvPNhrjgfeyk;saAvc bl eas
ydM+hdkcqjknkvkSj rkt sxkscj dksMkydj vPNhrjgfeykysaAbl esaeSnkydM+h
feykdj maxyhdsvkdj dhuyh(IykLVhd] i hry ; k,Y; qfefu; e) esaMkysavkSj
bl hvkdj dhydM+hl s/ Ddknsdj fudkysasAckhdks/ wi esal q[kkysaA
xq.k/ eZ%xkscj esay{ehdkokl gSAvr%i zfrfnu xkscj dkst ykusl snkfjnz; dk
uk'kgksrkgSA vkd&l w; Z] i yk'k&panz] [kSj&eaxy] vi kekxZ&cq/ ] i hi y&xq: ]
xqyj&'kq] 'keh&'kuh] nwokZ&jkgw] vkSj nHkZ&dsrwxzgksadhl fe/ kgSaAbudk/ wi djus
l suoxz gksadh'kkafr gksrhgSAvr%i zfrfnu xkSe; uoxzgl fe/ kdksl qcg&'kke
i zTTofyr djukpkfg,A
bl ds/ q,l sePNj o dhV Hkkx t krsgSAbl dhHkLe ?kko vkSj
i QksM+sa&i Qql hadsi j cgqr ghvPNhvkS"kf/ gSAdVhgqbZRopki j bl HkLe dks
yxkusl s[kwu : [krkgSvkSj ?kko t YnhHkjrkgSA bl dhHkLe dks'kgndsl kFk
pkVusl s[kkl hesavkjke feyrkgSA
bl v; k; esat xg&t xgfuekZ.kfof/ esaDokFk] 'kks/ u] dYd] Lojl
'kCnksadki z;ksx fd;kx;kgSAbudkvFkZuhpsLi "Vfd;kx;kgSA
DokFk&izdj.k(vk;qosZnl kjl axzg)
1rksykDokFkdhvkS"kf/ dkst kSdwV(eksVkpw.kZ) djdsfehdsi k=k
vFkokdybZnkj crZu esal ksygxq.ksi kuhesaeUnvfXu i j i dkosaAt c pkSFkkbZi kuh
'ks "kjgs] rc di Ms+l sNku ysaADokFkcukrsl e; crZu dkeqg[kqykjgukpkfg,A
<d nsusl sDokFkHkkjhgkst krkgS] ,sl h'kkL=kkKkgSADokFkfehdsdksjscrZu esa
cukukpkfg,A
nzO; 'kks/ u (jl ra=kl kj o fl iz;ksx)
vk; qosZn'kkL=kdsfu; ekuql kj nzO; ksadk'kks/ u djukvFkkZr~funksZ"kdj xq.k
oZu djuk] vuko'; d ck/ d va'k] fot krh; ] nzO; vFkokey dksnwj djuk; k
ml esafLFkr nks"kdks?kVkdj xq.kdho`fdjukvkfngsrqvksaesal sfdl h,d ; k
vusd gsrqvksadhfl hdsfy; svkS"k/ nzO; i j t ksl aLdkj fd; kt krkgS] ml s'kks/
u dgrsgSaaA
dYd &(jl ra=kl kj o fl iz;ksx &d"kk; izdj.k)
rkt hvkS"kf/ ;ksaadksfcukt y feyk; savkSj l w[khvkS"kf/ ; ksaesat y feykdj
pVuh(yqxnh) rS; kj djusdksdYd dgrsgSaA; fndYd esai z{ksi 'kgn] ?k`r ; k
rSy feykukgksrksdYd l snksxq.kk'kDdj ; kxqqM+feykukgksrksdYd dsl eku
vkSj dkat hvkfnnzO; i nkFkZfeykukgksrksdYd l spkj xq.kkfeykukpkfg; sA
Lojl (jl ra=kl kj o fl iz;ksx)
rkt hvkS"kf/ ; ksadksdwVfupksM+dj jl fudkykt krkgSAml sLojl dgrs
gSaAl w[khvkS"kf/ ; ksadksdqpy ; kdwV] nksxq.kkt y esa24 ?k.VsHkhxk] Nkudj jl
fudky ysusdksHkhLojl dgrsgSa,oal w[khvkS"kf/ ; ksadks8xqust y esai dkprqFkkZa'k
t y 'ks"kjgusi j Nku ysusl sHkhLojl dkdke fudyrkgSA
bl v; k; esal anHkZxzaFkksdsfy, l af{kIr : i ksadki z; ksx fd; kx; kgSA
mudki wjkuke fuEukuql kj gS
Hkk- i z- fu- Hkko i zdk'kfu?k.Vq
v- - v"Vkax n;
j- ra- l k- fl - i z- jl ra =kl kj o fl i z; ksx
o- pa- oukS"kf/ panzksn;
nz- xq- fo- nzO; xq .kfoKku
vk- l k- l a- vk; qosZ nl kj l axzg

xkSew=kdkl kekU; jksxksaij ?kjsywiz;ksx
xk; dsew=kesadkcksZfyd ,fl MgksrkgS] t ksdhVk.kquk'kd gSAvr%'kqf
vkSj LoPNrkc<+krkgSAi zkphu xazFkksausbl n`f"Vl sghxkSew=kdksi fo=kdgkgSA
vk/ qfud n`f"Vl sxkSew=kesaukbVkst u] i QkWLi QsV] ; wfj; k] ; wfjd ,fl M] i ksVsf'k; e vkSj
l ksfM; e gksrkgSAft u eghuksaesaxk; nw/ nsrhgS] ml okQxkSew=kesaysDVkst jgrk
gS] t ksn; vkSj efLr"d dsfodkjksaesacgqr fgrdkjhgSALo.kZ{kkj HkhekSt wngS]
t ksjl k; u gSA
xkSew=kl sou dsfy, t ksxk; j[kht krhgSog fujksxhvkSj ; qokgksuh
pkfg,At axy {ks=kvkSj pV~Vkusat gkxk; ksadksi zkfrd ouLi fr [kk| : i esafey
l ds] ogkxk; ksadkew=kvf/ d vPNkgSAxkSew=kdksLoPN oL=kl sNkudj l qcg
esa[kkyhi sVi hukpkfg,AxkSew=ki ku ds,d ?kaVsrd dqN [kkukughapkfg,ALru
i ku djusokyscPpksadksxkSew=knsrsl e; ekrkdksHkhxkSew=knsukpkfg,Aekfl d
/ eZdsnkSjku fL=k; ksadksxkSew=ki ku l s'kkfUr vkSj 'kfkQfeyrhgSAl kekU;r%;qok
O;fkQ,d NVkd l s,d i ko ek=kkesaxkSew=kl sou dj l drsgSaA
xkSew=kdkmi ;ksx fofHk jksxksaesadSl sgksl drkgSogge e'k%nsjgsgaSA
1- dCt dsjksxhdksmnj'kqfdsfy, xkSew=kdksvf/ d ckj di M+sl s
Nkudj i hukpkfg,A
2- xkSew=kesagjMs+pw.kZfHkxksdj / hehvkp l sxje djukpkfg,At yh;
Hkkx t y t kusi j bl dkpw.kZmi ;ksx esafy;kt krkgSAxkSew=kdkl h/ k
l h/ kl sou t ksughadj l drkgSml sbl gjMs+dkl sou djusl sxkSew=k
dkykHkfey l drkgSA
3- t h.kZToj] i k.Mq] l wt u vkfnesafdjkrfrkQ(fpjk; rk) dsi kuhesa
xkSew=kfeykdj] l kr fnu rd l qcgvkSj 'kke i hukpkfg,A
4- [kkl h] nek] t qdke vkfnfodkjksaesaxkSew=kl h/ kghi z; ksx esaykusl s
rqjar ghdi Qfudydj fodkj 'keu gksrkgSA
5- i k.Mqjksx esagj jkst l qcg[kkyhi sVrkt kvkSj LoPN xkSew=kdi M+sl s
Nkudj fu; fer i husl s1ekgesavo'; ykHkgksrkgSA
6- cPpksadks[kks[kyh[kkl hgksusi j xkSew=kdksNkudj ml esagYnhdkpw.kZ
feykdj fi ykukpkfg,A
7- mnj dsfdl hHkhjksx esaxkSew=ki ku l sykHkgksrkgSA
8- t yksnj esajksxhdsoy xkSnw/ l sou djsvkSj l kFkl kFkxkSew=kesa'kgn
feykdj fu; fer i hukpkfg,A
9- pjd dserkuql kj yksgsdsckjhd pw.kZdksxkSew=kesafHkxksdj bl dks
nw/ dsl kFkl sou djusl si k.Mqjksx esat YnhykHkgksrkgSAl sou l s
i gys[kwc Nkuukt : jhgSA
10- 'kjhj dhl wt u esadsoy nw/ i hdj l kFkesaxkSew=kdkl sou djukpkfg,A
11- xkSew=kesaued vkSj 'kDdj l eku Hkkx esafeykdj l sou djusl s
mnj jksx 'keu gksrkgSA
12- xkSew=kesal aS/ o ued vkSj jkbZdkpw.kZfeykdj i husl smnjjksx feVrkgSA
13- vk[kksadht yu] dCt ] 'kjhj esal qLrhvkSj v#fp esaxkSew=kesa'kDdj
feykdj ysukpkfg,A
14- [kkt ] i QqfUl ; k] fopfpZdkesaxkSew=kesavkackgYnhpw.kZfeykdj i huk
pkfg,A
15- i zl wfr dscknl qokjksx esaL=khdksxkSew=kfi ykusl svPNkykHkgksrkgSA
16- peZjksxksaesagjrky] ckdqphrFkkekydkaxuhdksxkSew=kesafeykdj
l ksxBhcukdj bl snwf"kr Ropki j yxkukpkfg,A
17- l i Qsndq"B esackdqphrFkkekydkaxuhdksxkSew=kesafeykdj l ksxBh
cukdj bl snwf"kr Ropki j yxkukpkfg,A
18- l i Qsndq"B esackophdscht dksxkSew=kesavPNhrjgi hl dj ysi
djukpkfg,A
19- 'kjhj esa[kqt yhgksusi j xkSew=kl sekfy'kvkSj Luku djukpkfg,A
20- ".kt hjd dksxkSew=kesai hl dj bl dk'kjhj i j ekfy'kvkSj xkSew=k
Luku djusl speZjksx feVrsgaSA
21- bVdks[kwc ri kdj xkSew=kesabl scq>kdj] di M+sesayi sVdj ; r
vkSj Iyhgk(frYyh) dhl wt u i j l asd djusl sykHkgksrkgSAcaxyk
dgkor gS&
yhojk; ] fi M+k; fde~] nq[ki kos] efrghu oS| A
xkSew=ks.k] l sd] no] l q[ki kosl | AA
22- fe jksx esaMhdkekyhdkpw.kZxkSew=kdsl kFknsukpkfg,A
23- l qo.kZ] yksgoRl ukHk] dqpykvkfndk'kks/ u djusdsfy, vkSj HkLe
cukusdsfy, vkS"k/ fuekZ .kesaxkSew=kdkmi ; ksx gksrkgSAogfo"kSys
nzO; ksadkfo"ki zHkko u"VdjrkgSAf'kykt hr dh'kqfHkhxkSew=kl s
gksrhgSA
24- peZjksxksaesami ; ksxhegkefjP; kfnrsy vkSj i apxO; ?k`r cukusesaxkSew=k
mi ; ksx esayk; kt krkgSA
25- gkFkhi ko (i Qkbysfj; k) jksx esaxkSew=kl qcgesa[kkyhi sVysusl s; gjksx
feVt krkgSA
26- xkSew=kdk{kkj mnj osnukesa] ew=kjks/ esarFkkok; qo vuqykseu djus
dsfy, fn; kt krkgSA
27- xkSew=kfl j esavPNhrjgeydj FkksM+hnsj rd yxsj[kukpkfg,Al w[kus
dsckn/ ksusl scky l qUnj gksrsgaSA
28- dkeykjksx esaxkSew=kvrho mi ; ksxhgSA
29- xkSew=kesai qjkukxqM+vkSj gYnhpw.kZfeykdj i husl snkn] dq"Bjksx vkSj
gkFkhi ko esaykHkgksrkgSA
30- xkSew=kdsl kFk,jaMrsy ,d ekl rd i husl sl af/ okr vkSj vU;
okrfodkj u"VgksrsgSaA
31- cPpksadksmnj osnukrFkki sVi Qwyusi j ,d pEep xkSew=kesaFkksM+kued
feykdj fi ykukpkfg,A
32- cPpksadksl w[kkjksx gksusi j ,d ekl rd] l qcgvkSj 'kke xkSew=kesa
ds'kj feykdj fi ykukpkfg,A
33- 'kjhj esa[kkt &[kqt yhgksrksxkSew=kesauhe dsi ksi hl dj yxkukpkfg,A
34- xkSew=kdsfu; fer l sou l s'kjhj esasLi QwfrZjgrhgS] Hkw[kc<+rhgSvkSj
jkQdkncko LokHkkfod gksusyxrkgSA
35- {k; jksx esaxkscj vkSj xkSew=kdhxa/ l s{k; dst arqdkuk'kgksusl s
vPNkykHkgksrkgSA
36- Ring-Worm nkni j] / rwjsdsi ksxkSew=kesai hl dj xkSew=kesaghmckyasA
xk<+kgksusi j yxkosaA
37- Vkbi Qk; Mdhnok,a[kkusl svDl j fl j ; kfdl hLFkku dscky mM+t krs
gSarksbl dsbykt gsrqxkSew=keasrEckdwdks[kwci hl dj Mky nsoasA10
fnu ckni sLVVkbi cu t kusi j vPNkjxM+dj cky >M+sLFkku i j
yxku l scky fi Qj vkt krsgaSAfl j esaHkhyxkl drsgSaAbl dsvykok
fofHkUu jksxksaesaxksew=kdsmi ; ksx dhfoLr`r t kudkjhvkxsnht kjgh
gSA

iapxO; fpfdRl kl sjksxksipkj djrs
l e; ;ku j[kus;ksX; ckrsa
fdl hHkhvkS"kf/ dhl i Qyrkml dhxq.koRrki j vk/ kfjr gksrhgSA
i a pxO; fpfdRl kesaxk; l sghi zkIr pht ksadkeq[; r%mi ; ksx gksrkgS] vr,o xk;
dSl hgks; gfi Qj l snksgjk; kt kjgkgSA
1- xk; ns'khuLy dhgksvFkkZr~ft l dsddwn(hump) gksAt l hZ] jsMMsu]
gksyLVkbu hft ; u vkfnughaA
2- xk; LoLFko l 'kDr gksA
3- xko esa?kwedj IykfLVd ; kdwM+k&dpjk[kkusokyhu gksA
4- xk; t axy ;kxkspj esapjust krhgksrFkkges'kkjl k;ueqDr pkjk[kkrhgksA
5- xk; l sokl si zl Uu gksA
,yksi SFkhdht M+vkS"kf/ ; ksadhrjgi apxO; t M+ughagS] ogi zk.koku o
pSrU; gS] ml esansorkvksadkokl gSAbl fy, mUgsaxzg.kdjrsl e; mudhfnO; rk
dkLej.kdj xzg.kdjsaAt Sl sxkSew=kysrsl e; ; gfopkj djsafd bl esaxaxkdk
okl gSvFkkZr~; g l `f"Vi kyd Hkxoku fo".kqdkpj.kke`r gS; g 'kh?kzi zl Uu
gksusokysHkxoku f'ko dst Vkl sfudyhve`r dh/ kjkgSAxk; esa33 dksfVnsork
gSbl fy, xkSew=krks33 dksfVrhFkkZsadkt y gSA,sl sckj&ckj ueLdkj dj 'kj.kkxfr
Hkko l sxkSew=kxzg.kdjusi j bl dki zHkko HkhfnO; ghgksrkgSAbl sl kekU; vkS"kf/
ekuusi j bl dki zHkko Hkhl kekU; gksrkgSAvfo' okl ; k?k`.kkHkko l sysusi j
bl dki fj.kke gksrkHkhgSvkSj ughaHkhgksrkA
vkxsfofHkUu jksxksadkmi pkj crk; kt kjgkgSAt c Hkhvki i apxO;
dkl sou djsa] rc vi uhi zfr] rqvkSj voLFkkdk;ku vo'; j[ksaA
1-nw/ %nw/ okr nks"kc<+kl drkgS] vr,o okr l si hfM+r O; fkQxeZnw/ esanks
pEep ?khMkydj vkSj i QsaVdj i h; sa?khokruk'kd gksusl snw/ dksl qi kp; cuknsrk
gSAft udhi kpu 'kfDr cgqr det ksj gksmUgsanw/ esavk/ ki kuhfeykysukpkfg,]
ysfdu ?khdhek=kkde ughadjuhpfkg,A
2- ngh%nghfi knks"kc<+kl drkgS] pkanhdsI; kysesat ekrkt knghysusl s
fi kdk'keu gkst krkgSAfi knks"kl si hfM+r O; fkQdksnghdht xgNkN dk
l s ou djukpkfg, D; ksafd NkN fi kuk'kd gSA
3- ?kh%?khdi Qnks"kc<+kl drkgS] xeZvkgkj dsl kFk?khysusl sdi Qdh
iz/ kurkde gkst krhgSA?khdsij xeZi kuhve`r vkSj BaMki kuhfo"kdsl ekugSA
4 xkSew=k%xkSew=kdqN fi kdksc<+krkgS] ysfdu fojspu dsxq.kdsdkj.k
i Dok'k; vkSj NksVhvkrksaesal afpr fi kdksnLr dsek; e l sfudkydj jkgr
HkhnsrkgSAfi knks"kl si hfM+r O; fkQdksxkSew=kl sou dsfnuksaesa?khdkHkhl sou
djukpkfg,AxkSew=kdksckj&ckj Nkuusl sHkhbl dkfojspu xq.kc<+dj fi kdk
uk'kdjrkgSA
,d ckr dks;gkfi Qj l snksgjkukvko'; d gSfd bl i qLrd esat gkdgha
Hkh?kh'kCnvk; kgS] ml sns'khxk; dsnghdkseFkdj fudkysx; seD[ku dks
ri kdj cuk; kx;k?khghl et saAvkt dy ;a=kl snw/ l she (cVj) fudkykt krk
gS] fi Qj ml sxeZdj ?khcuk; kt krkgSA;gokLro esa?khughacVj vkWby gSAbl ds
xq.k/ eZfcYdqy vyx gSvkSj ; gvkS"kf/ dsyk; d ughaAvkt dy ckt kj esa'kq
xk; ds?khdsuke i j HkhcVj vkWby ghfcd jgkgSAns'khxk; dk?khbl l s2
1@2&3 xq.kkegaxkgSAvkSj t Sl s&t Sl sbl dkvkS"k/ h; ego i rkpyrkt k; sxk
; g egaxkghgksrkt k; sxkbl sl Lrkj[kusdk,d ghmi k; gSfd xkSj{k.ko
xkSl ao/ Z u fd; kt k; savkSj ml dsxkscj&xkSew=kdkHkhi wjk&i wjkmi ; ksx fd; kt k,A
vkxst gkdghauL; ?k`r (ukd esa?khMkyus) dhckr vk; sxhAogkfuEu
fof/ l sghukd esa?khMkyukgSA
ysVdj ; kdql hZi j cSBsgksarksfl j dksi hNsdhvksj >qdkdj ,d&,d
ukl kfNnzessanks&nkscwn?khMkysaA5 fefuVbl hrjgjgsaAekSu j[ksaA?khdks[khpsaugha]
l kekU; 'okl ysrsjgsaA?khdkrki eku ges'kk'kjhj dsrki eku l svf/ d gksuk
pkfg,A?khdksl h/ svfXu i j xeZukdjsa] ?khdsi k=k(cksry) dksrst xeZi kuh
esaj[kdj xeZdjsaA
bl hi zdkj l svkxst gkdghaHkhnw/ esa?khysusdhckr vk; sml sfuEu
fof/ l sghysa
rst xeZnw/ esankspEep ?khMkydj nksfxykl ksaesa[kwc mFky&i qFky djsa
(iQsVsa)Abl l snw/ esa>kx gh>kx gkst k;saxsAxeZ&xeZnw/ &?khdkghl soudjsaA
xkSfpfdRl kdsl e; ekal kgkj] 'kjkc] rackdw] fl xjsV] xqV[kk
vkfnO;l u iw.kZr%oft Zr gSaA
fdl hHkhmi pkj i fr dsl kFkvki i apxO; fpfdRl kysl drsgSaA
bl dkfdl hHkhi fr l sfojks/ ughagS] cfYd xkSew=kvdZrksvU; vkS"kf/ ; ksadh
'kfDr (Potency) dksc<+knsrkgSAykHkgksusi j vki i gysl spy jghfpfdRl k
can Hkhdj l drsgSAvk; qosZn fpfdRl k] gksE; ksi SFkhfpfdRl k] ,D; wi sz'kj] pqacd
fpfdRl k] ; ksx fpfdRl kvkfni apxO; fpfdRl kdsl kFkysarksxaHkhj jksxksaesaHkh
cgqr t YnhykHkgksrkgSA
xkSew=kl sou dhek=kk
xkSew=kdkl sou fdruhek=kkesadjukpkfg, \
i zR; sd O; fkQdks rq] vi uhi zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj xkSew=kdk
l sou djukpkfg,A
rq%xzh"e rqesavYi ek=kkesaxkSew=kdkl sou djukpkfg,Axzh"e rql s
'khr rqesa5l s10xq.kkvf/ d ek=kkesaxkSew=kdkl sou fd;kt kl drkgSA
izfr %okr i zfr dsO; fkQ; ksadksl kekU; ek=kkesa] di Qi zfr dsO; fkQ; ksasdks
vf/ d ek=kkesavkSj fi ki zfr dsO; fkQ; ksadksde ek=kkesaxkSew=kdkl sou djuk
pkfg,A
voLFkk%,d o"kZrd dscPpksadksxzh"e rqesaeghus3 cwnvkSj rst l fnZ; ksa
esaeghus15 cwnrd fn; kt kl drkgSAmnkgj.kdsfy; s4 eghusdscPpksadks
xfeZ; ksaesa 4 x 3 =k12 cwnvkSj l fnZ; ksaesa 4 x 15 =k 60cwnrd fn; kt k
l drkgSAoSl snw/ i hrscPpksadhekrkvksadksxkSew=knsusl svf/ d ykHkgksrkgSA
mudhek=kko; Ld dsvuql kj gksuhpkfg,A(1NksVkpEep =k5 fe-yh-=k125
cwn)
; gkl kekU; ek=kkdko.kZu fd;kt kjgkgSft l svi uhi zfr vkSj rq
dsvuql kj de vf/ d ek=kkesafy; kt kl drkgSA
1o"kZl s2 o"kZdscPpksadks 2 pEep l qcg&'kke [kkyh
i sV; kHkkst u l s
,d ?kaVsi woZ
2 o"kZl s5 o"kZdscPpksadks 3 pEep **
5 o"kZl s10o"kdscPpksadks 4 ** **
10o"kZl scM+ksadks 5 ** **
fi ki z/ ku (xeZ) i zfr dsO; fkQ; ksadks[kkyhi sVxkSew=kdkl sou ughadjuk
pkfg,A
xkSew=kl sou i zkjaHkds5&6 fnu rd nksl svf/ d ckj Hkh'kkSp dsfy, t kuk
i M+l drkgS] t kscgqr ghykHknk; d gS] fi Qj ; gl kekU; gkst k; sxkA; fnnLr
vf/ d gksarksek=kkvk/ hdj nsacknesai w.kZek=kkysl drsgSaA
xHkZorhefgykvksadksfpfdRl d dhl ykgdsfcukxkSew=kughaysukpkfg,A

ikpu l aLFkku dsjksx
1- vfXueka| (Hkw[ku yxukDyspepsia)
1- rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdi Ms+dksvkB
i jr (fol d) dj Nkudj i h; saA
; k
xkSew=kvdZ] xkSew=k?kuoVh; kxkSew=kkl o ; kxkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djsaA
2- Hkkst u dscknNkN ; kxkSrkfj"V; kxkSew=kgjM+spw.kZdkl sou djsaA
3- f=ki Qykfn?k`r dkl sou djsaA
viF; %ryhpht sa] eSnk] ekok] feBkbZ] xfj"B vkgkj
iF; % vnjd$ l sa/ kued$ uhacwdkjl cukdj rS; kj j[ksaAi zfrfnu Hkkst u ds
i woZ;kl kFkl sou djsaALokfn"VpVfu;k] i ki M+] NkSadhgqbZl Ct h
fo'ks"k%Hkw[kc<+usdscknHkhde l sde ,d ekgrd l sou djsaA
2- vt h.kZ(vip] Indigestion)
; k
2-Hkkst u dscknNkN$l sa/ kued ; kxkSrkl o ; kxkSew=kgjM+spw.kZdkl sou djsaA
viF; %ryhpht sa] eSnk] ekok] feBkbZ] xfj"B vkgkj
iF; %mi okl djsaAuhacw$l as/ kued xeZi kuhdsl kFkl sou djsaA
fo'ks"k%Hkkst u dsrqjUr ckn,d fxykl xeZi kuhi h; saA
3- vfrl kj (nLr] Diarrhea)
1-ekewyhvfrl kj esavYi ek=kkesa rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk;
dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdi Ms+dksvkB i jr (fol d) dj Nkudj i h; saA
; k
xkSew=kvdZdkl sou djsa] ft l l svkrksadkvPNhrjg 'kks/ u gkst k; A
vf/ d nLrsayxusi j 25 feyhxkSew=k$ 25 feyhnw/ dkl sou djsaA
2-ekewyhnLr gksusi j pkoy esasrkt kngho l sa/ kued Mkydj ysaAvf/ d nLr
gksusi j vk/ kyhVj i kuh,d&,d fefuVesa,d&,d pEep dsek; e l sysaA
/ hjs&/ hsjsi kuhdhek=kkc<krst k; saAt c i kuhi pusyxs] rc ewx dki kuh] ehBs
i Qyksadkjl vkfnysaABksl vkgkj l cl si gysewx&pkoy dhf[kpM+hesankspEep
?khMkydj ysaA
3- NkN ; kxkSrkfj"Vdkl sou djsaA
viF; %l kekU; Hkkst u] l kekU; i kuh
iF; %gYdkHkkst u] mcykgqvki kuhBaMkdj i h; saAi Qyksadkjl (vukj dkjl
vf/ d xq.kdkjh)
fo'ks"k%ekewyhvfrl kj l sNksVhvkrksadhl i QkbZo c<+sgq, fi kdk'keu gksrkgSA
4- dCt (Constipation)
1- dCt dhxaaHkhjrkdsvuql kj dqN vf/ d ek=kkesa rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkk
dsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdiMs+dksvkB ijr (fol d) dj Nkudj ih;saA
; k
xkSew=kvdZ] xkSew=k?kuoVh; kxkSew=kkl o ; kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djsaA
2- Hkkst u dscknxkSew=kgjM+spw.kZxeZi kuhl sysaA
3- jkf=kdksl ksrsl e; xeZnw/ esaf=ki Qykfn?k`r i QsaVdj ysaA
viF; %vkrksaesafpi dusokykvkgkj t Sl s(vkyw] pkoy] ekosdhfeBkbZ] dsyk]
csl u] eSnkvkSj i kpu 'kfDr dks{kh.kdjusokysvkgkj t Sl sryhpht sa] pk; &
dkWi QhAi wjsfnu cSBsjgukA
iF; %js'ks; qDr i nkFkZt sl sfNydsl fgr [kk; st kusokysi Qy &l Ct h&nky] pksdj
; q Dr vkVk] nfy; k] i i hrk
fo'ks"k%1-xkSew=kft ruhvf/ d ckj Nkudj ysaxsmrukghi Qk; nkdjsxkA2-xk;
ds?khdki zfrfnu 25l s30xzke dhek=kkesal sou djusl svkrksaesafpdukbZjgrh
gS] ft l l sey vkrksaesafpi d ughai krkrFkkl jyrkl seyR; kx gksrkgSA
5- vkek'k; oz.k(Peptic Ulcer)
i sVesafonX/ fi k(,fl M) bdV~BkgksusvkSj ml dhrh{.krkc<+t kusl s
vYl j (oz.k) gkst krsgSaAeu esaDys'k&l arki gksusl s; gl eL; kvf/ d gksrhgSA
1-xkSew=k{kkjh; gksusl s,fl Mdk'kked gSAeu dks'kkafr i znku djrkgS] ft l l s
euksosxksadhi z[kjrkde gksrhgSA rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk;
dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdi Ms+dksvkB i jr (fol d) dj Nkudj i h;saA; kxkSew=kvdZ]
xkSew=k?kuoVhdkl sou djsaA
2- xk; ds?khdkvf/ dkf/ d l sou djsasAxk; dk?kh?kko i j eyge dkdk; Z
djrkgS ] ft l l s,fl Mdk?kko i j i zHkko ugahai M+rkvkSj og/ hjs&/ hjsHkj t krk
gSA?khfi kdkHkh'keu djrkgSA
3- nw/ esa?khMkydj i h; saA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht as] ekok] eSnk] csl u] fepZ] xfj"B] Hkkst u
iF; %nw/ ] NkN] esFkh] t kequ] i joy] dqyFkh] 'kgn] i i hrk] xsgw] feJ h; qDr t kS
dkl kw] l sa/ kued
fo'ks"k%FkksM+k&FkksM+k[kk; sa] 3&3 ?kaVsl s[kk; saAvf/ d nsj rd i sVdks[kkyhu
j[ksaA
2-jkr dksl ksrsl e; ukfHki j nks&rhu cwn?khyxkdj vukfedkmaaxyh l seaFku
djsaA
6- vEyfik([kV~VhMdkjsavkuk] Acidity)
; k
2- NkN ; kxkSrkl o ; kxkSew=kgjM+spw.kZdkl sou djsaA
3-nw/ esa?khMkydj i h; saAbl l si qjkusl si qjkuh,fl MhVh,d efgusesal ewy u"V
gkst krhgSA
viF; %ft dhBaMhpht sa] BaMknw/ ] fepZ] rsy] [kVkbZ] [kehj okysvkgkj] eSnk]
csl u] ekosdhfeBkbZ] pk; &dkWi QhAHkw[kkjgukA
iF; %l qi kp; Hkkst u
fo'ks"k%1- Hkkst u dsrqjUr ckn,d fxykl xeZi kuhi h; saA
2-jkr dksl ksrsl e; ukfHki j nks&rhu cwn?khyxkdj vukfedkmaxyhl seaFku
djsaA
7- isVesadhMss+(fe Worms)
; k
xkSew=kvdZ] xkSew=k?kuoVh;kxkSew=kkl o ;kxkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djsaA
2- xk; dsnw/ esa'kgnMkydj 15 fnu rd i h; saA
3-ok;fcMax vkfnl scuhxkSew=kfeuk'kd oVhdkl qcg'kke 15fnu rd l sou djsaA
4-l qcg[kkyhi sV3 fnu rd 10xzke xqM+[kkdj vk/ s?kaVsckn3 xzke vt ok; u
dkpw.kZ[kk; saA
5-10xzke xqM+o 5 xzke dPphgYnhdkl qcg[kkyhi sV3 fnu rd l sou djsaA
viF; %feBkbZ] eSnk] csl u] nw/ ] gjhl fCt ; k
iF; %dM+oh] rh[kh] dl Syhpht sa] l Hkhel kysghax] gYnh] esFkh] fcukcht dh
yky fepZ
8- mnj jksx (isVdsjksx)
; k
2- i zfrfnu NkN ; kxkSrkl o ; kxkSrkfj"Vdkl sou djsaA
3- xkSew=kgjM+spw.kZdki z; ksx djsa
4- f=ki Qykfn?k`r dki z; ksx djsaA
5-i zfrfnu fNydsl fgr dPphykSadhdk,d fxykl jl fudkydj 5 dkyhfepZ
$ 5 rqyl hdsi ks$ i kSnhusdsi ks?kksaVdj feyk; saALokndsvuql kj vnjd o
l aas/ kued feykdj i h; saA
viF; %ryhpht sa] csl u] eSnk] feBkbZ] xfj"B vkgkj] Hkkst u eSavfu; ferrk]
Hkkst u dj rqjUr l ksuk] ckt kj dk[kkuk] ft dhpht sa
iF; %l qi kp; vkgkj
fo'ks"k%Hkkst u dsrqjUr cknxeZi kuhi h; saA
9- xSl
; k
2- i zfrfnu Hkkst u dsl kFk; kcknesaxkSew=kgjM+spw.kZdkl sou djsaA
3- nw/ esavnjd ; kl ksaB mckydj ?khMkydj i h; saA
4- xSl l si hfM+r vax i j xkSe; okruk'kd rsy yxkdj xeZdi Ms+l s<ddj j[ksa
; kl sad nsaA
viF; %ft dhBaMhpht sa] vkyw] I; kt ] xksHkh] eSnk] csl u] ckl hHkkst u]
[kehjokyhpht sas] HkSal dk?kh] fji Qkb.MrsyAeSFkquA
iF; %?kh] fi QYVMZrsy] esFkh] ghax] i Qy
fo'ks"k%1- i zfrfnu Hkkst u dsrqjUr cknxeZi kuhdkl sou djsaA
2- i a[ksdhrst gokl scpsaA
10- vko (fpduko fpifpikey)
i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA
; k
2- i zfrfnu Hkkst u dsl kFk; kcknesaxkSew=kgjM+spw.kZdkl sou djsaA
3- i zfrfnu NkN$ l sa/ kued ; kxkSrkfj"V; kxkSrkl o dkl sou djsaA
viF; %feBkbZ] eSnk] csl u] ryhgqbZpht sa] ft dhBaMhpht sa] [kehj okysi nkFkZ]
ckl hHkks t u] nw/
iF; %uhcw] vnjd] esFkh] ghax] t kSdkl kw] t kequ i joy] dqyFkh
fo'ks"k%Hkkst u dsi 'pkr~xeZi kuhdkl sou djsaA
11- vkU=kiqPN 'kks/ @iznkg(Appendicitis)
1- rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj fnu esarhu ckj rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkk
dsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdi Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj
i h;saA; kfnu esarhu ckj xkSew=kvdZ] xkSew=k?kuoVh; kxkSew=kkl o ;kxkSew=kgjhrdh
oVhdkl sou djsaA
2- ukfHkdsnkfguhvksj pkj vaxqy i j xkscj dksxkSew=kl sujedj ml dhi qfYVl
ck/ l sd djrsjgsaA
3- nnZcangksusdscknNkN esal sa/ kued feykdj Hkkst u dsl kFkysaA
viF; %l Hkhnkysa] nw/ ] ngh] vkyw] pkoy] dsyk] ryhpht saeukgSAHkw[kyxus
i j ghHkkst u djsaA
iF; %i i hrk] gjhl fCt ; k] l qi kp; Hkkst u
fo'ks"k%rqjUr vkjke gkst kusdscknHkh,d &nksekl xkSew=kdkl sou djus
l svkU=ki qPN 'kksFkl ewy u"Vgkst krkgSA
12- v'kZ(cokl hj Piles)
1- vf/ dkf/ d ?khdkl sou djsaA
2-dssysdsVqdM+sdschp 1xzke Hkhel suhdi wj j[kml sfuxy ysaA,sl k5&7fnu
rd djsaA
3- fofHkUu xkS'kkykvksa}kjkfufeZr dkfl l kfnrsy vkfndkscokl hj o xqnkekxZesa
yxk; saA
viF; %fi kc<+kusokysvkgkj ; FkkxeZel kys] pk; ] dkWi Qh] vkyw] cSaxu] ygl qu]
nghAvf/ d cSBuk] eSFkquA
iF; %t ehdanfo'ks"kykHki gqpkrkgSAxk; dhNkN] nfy; k] l sa/ kued] i i hrk]
ykSdh] feJ h] czp; ZA
fo'ks"k%1- xkSew=kl sxqnkdksckj&ckj / ks; saA
2-O; k; ke &xqnkdk15&20ckj vkdqapu djsaA; gO; k; ke fnu esa5&7ckj djsaA
3- i Sj dsryoksai j ?khyxkdj dkal sdscrZu l sdkykgksusrd jxMs+A
4-2xzke fi QVdjhxeZrosi j i Qqykdj xje i kuhesaMkydj Vc i j cSBdj 15&20
fefuVLFkkuh; l sad nsaA
13- vkrksaesaphjk(Fissure)
; k
2- vf/ dkf/ d xk; ds?khdkl sou djsaA
viF; %vkrksaesafpi dusokysi nkFkZt Sl seSnk] csl u] vkVk] feBkbZ] vkyw] vkfn
o fi kc<+kusokysi nkFkZt Sl sxeZel kys] fepZ] cSaxu] ygl qu] pk; &dkWi Qh
iF; %nfy; k] i i hrk] feJ h
fo'ks"k%i Sjksadsryoksai j ?khyxkdj dkal sdscrZu l sdkykgksusrd jxM+saA
14- izokfgdk(Dysentery)
i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA; kxkSew=kvdZ] xkSew=k?kuoVh; kxkSew=kkl o ; k
xkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djsaAft l l s,asBu] ejksM+o ckj&ckj dknLr cangks
t k; sxkAt hok.kqu"Vgksdj ey ca/ at k; sxkA
2- i zfrfnu NkN ; kxkSrkfj"Vdkl sou djsaA
viF; %ehBk] yky fepZ] xeZel kys] nw/ iF; %pkoy] ngh] Tokj] xsgw] nky]
l fCt ; k-
15- HkxUnj (ukl wj Fistula)
i jr (fol d) dj Nkudj i h; saA ; kxkSew=kvdZ] xkSew=k?kuoVh; kxkSew=kkl o ; k
xkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djsaA
3- HkxUnj dksxkSew=kl sl ki QdjsaTkkR; kfn?k`r dki z; ksx djsaA
4- i zfrfnu xkSew=kdhcfLr (,fuek) ysaA
viF; %nw/ k] nw/ l scusi nkFkZ] ehBs&[kV~Vsi nkFkZ] vkyw] pkoy rsy] fepZ] el kys]
l Hkhi z dkj dhgjhl fCt ; k
iF; %nkukesFkhdhl Ct h] l qi kp; Hkkst u] l c i zdkj dhnkysa] i Qy] i i hrk] ykSdh
16- HkLed (cgqr vf/ d Hkw[kyxuk)
1- HkLed jksx fi kc<+usl sgksrkgSvkSj xkSew=kfi kdjrkgS] bl fy, vYi ek=kk
esa'kq: dj / hjs&/ hjsi w.kZek=kkrd yst kukpkfg,A
2- xk; ds?khdkvf/ dkf/ d l sou djukpkfg,A
viF; %fi kc<+kusokysi nkFkZt Sl sxeZel kys] fepZcSaxu vkywpk; &dkWi Qh
iF; %t kS] uhacw$feJ hdk'kcZr] nw/
fo'ks"k%i Sjksadsryosi j ?khyxkdj dkal sdscrZu l sdkykgksusrd jxM+saA
17- ;r o`f(Lever Enlargment)
; k
2- NkN ; kxkSrkfj"V; kxkSrkl o dki zfrfnu l sou djsaA
3-i zfrfnu fNydsl fgr dPphykSdh
viF; %[kVkbZ] rsy ; k?khesarykgqvk] xeZel kys] pkoy] ngh] vkywnkysa] xkfj"B
vkgkjAeSFkqu] rst / wi ] vfXu dsl keusu jgsaA
iF; %nw/ (i Qhdk)] gjhl fCt ; k] i joy] l gst ukxsgw] i i hrk] gYdkHkkst u]
cz p; Z] Vgyuk] ?kweukYkkHkdkjhgSAvUu fcYdqy R; kxdj xk; dknw/ mckydj
i hrsjgusl svfr 'kh?kzykHkgksrkgSA
fo'ks"k%jksx u"Vgkst kusi j HkhdqN ekl xkSew=kdkl sou djusl sjDr LoLFk
gksrkgSA
18- eq[kjksx (Oral Infection)
i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA; k
2- eq[kesapkjksavksj i apxO; ?k`r yxkdj 15&20fefuVj[ksa
3-ckj&ckj xkSew=kl sdqYykdjusl seq[kesagqvkfdl hHkhi zdkj dkl ae.ku"V
gkst krkgSA
4- jkr dksl ksrsl e; ukd esankss&nkscwnxk; dk?khMkysaA
viF; %ehBs&[kV~Vsi nkFkZ] vkyw] pwuk
iF; %l qi kp; Hkkst u
19- daB jksx
2- fnu esarhu ckj xkSew=kdksFkksM+kxeZdj xjkjsdjsaA
viF; %ehBs&[kV~Vsvkgkj] nw/
iF; %i ryknfy; k] nky ; kl Ct hdkl wi ] l sa/ kued] gYdkxeZt y
fo'ks"k%daB esavf/ d d"Vgksusi j xkscj&xkSew=kdkxeZysi yxkdj pkSM+si ks
l s<d ei Qyj l sck/ dj j[ksaA
20- l axzg.kh
bl jksx esaHkkst u dki w.kZi kpu gq, fcukghogey dsl kFkfudyusyxrkgSA
t BjkfXu dsfor gksusl s; gjksx gksrkgSA
2- NkN$l sa/ kued ; kxkSrkfj"Vdki zfrfnu l sou djsaA
viF; %l Hkhel kys] l fCt ; k] nkysa] rsy ; k?khdhryhpht sa
iF; %Tokj dhjksVh$NkN] pkoy ; kxsgwdhFkqyh$ngh
fo'ks"k%1-bl jksx dksBhd gksusesanks&rhu eghusdkl e; yxsxk] jksx dsBhd
gksusi j Hkhnks&rhu eghusxkSew=kdkl sou djrsjgsaA
2- ukfHki j 2&3 cwn?khyxkdj vukfedkmaxyhl sgYdkeaFku djsaA
21- r`"kk(I;kl u feVuk)
; gjksx Dykse xzafFkdhfofr dsdkj.kgksrkgSA
xkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djsaAt c rd nLr l ki Qu vk; s] xkSew=kdhek=kk
c<+krsjgsaArkfd ok; qdhrhozrkdsdkj.kc<+jghI; kl u"Vgkst k; sAxkSew=kesa
i ; kZIr ek=kkesafoVkfeu ^ch* gS] bl fy, r`fIr gksrhgSA
2- nw/ dsl kFk?khysaAHkkst u esaHkhvPNhek=kkesa?khdkl sou djsaA
viF; %: [kkvkgkj] ryhgqbZpht sa] ci QZdki kuh
iF; %nw/ ] ?kh] feJ hfeykvkgkj
22- nUr jksx (Dental Diseases)
nUr jksxksadkl aca/ vkr dsjksxksal sgSAvkr esavl sfUnz; i nkFkZbdV~Bkjgusl s
nUr jksx gksrsgSaAvke dk'kks/ u djuk] vkr l ki Qj[kuko nwf"kr i nkFkZdsl axzg
dksfudkyukfpfdRl kgSA
; k
2-nw/ &?khdkl sou djsaA
3- xkscj dsdks; ysl scusxkSe; nUr eat u l sfnu esarhu ckj nkr l ki QdjsaA
4- xkSew=kl sfnu esa4&5 ckj dqYykdjsaA
viF; %ehBsi nkFkZ] [kV~Vsi nkFkZ
iF; %?kh] rsy] nkysa] l Hkhel kys] ykSax
fo'ks"k%l jl ksa; kfry dkrsy eqgesaHkj 5&10fefuVrd dqYykdjsaA
23- oeu (mYVhVomiting)
oeu dkewy dkj.k] vke fo"k; kvl safnz; i nkFkZdkcu t kukgSAi zfr ml s
fudkyrhgSAnLr vkt kusl soeu dkosx l ekIr gkst krkgSA
1-FkksM+h&FkksM+hek=kkesa rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdks
l wrhdi Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA
; k
xkSew=kvdZdkl sou djsaA
2- i kuhesaykSax Mkydj mckydj fi yk; saA
3-nw/ esal eku ek=kkesai kuhfeykdj mckydj BaMkdjds'kgnfeykdj fi yk; saA
viF; %l Hkhi zdkj dsvUu] ryhpht sa
iF; %uhacw$ l sa/ kued $ dkykued pwl ukAvt ok; u] vukj] ekSl Uch] l kSai Q]
eq uDdk] vkoyk
24- vk/ eku (viQkjkFlatulence)
1- xkSew=kgjM+spw.kZdksxeZi kuhdsl kFkysaA
2- i sVi j xkSe; okruk'kd rsy yxk; saA
3- xkSrkl o dkl sou djsaA
viF; %l eLr vUu] ngh] pkoy
iF; %xeZi kuhesauhacwfupksM+dj fi ykuk] l sa/ kuedA
25- fgpdh(Hiccough)
fgpdhvf/ d vkrhgks] rksml dk,d ghmi k; gS] ?khi h; savkSj ml dsi j xeZ
i kuhi h; sa; kxeZnw/ essa?khMkydj i h; saA
26- fl jksfl l vkWiQnyhoj
i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA; k xkSew=ki quuZokfnvdZ] xkSew=ki quuZokfn?kuoVh
; kxkSew=kgjhrdhoVhysusl sfl jksfl l vkWi Qnyhoj t Sl kvl k; jksx HkhBhd
gkst krkgSA
2- NkN ; kxkSrkfj"Vdkl sou djsaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] xeZel kysa] vkyw] cSaxu
iF; %i joy] l gst uk
fo'ks"k%; g mi pkj yxkrkj N%eghusrd djsaA
27- gsisVk;fVl ch
1- rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdi Ms+dks
vkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA; kxkSew=ki quuZokfnvdZ] xkSew=ki quuZokfn
?kuoVh; kxkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djsaA
2-i zfrfnu fNydsl fgr dPphykSadhdk,d fxykl jl fudky 5 dkyhfepZ$
5 rqyl hdsi ksa$ 5 i kSnhusdsi ksa?kkasVdj feyk; sa
3- 31i kh'; kekrqyl hdkjl ,oamrukgh'kgnfeykdj l sou djsaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht saA
iF; %xsgwadst okjs] ewyh] ukfj; y] i i hrk] vukjA
28- Vkafl Yl
2-1xzke fi QVdjh(xeZrosi j i QwyhgqbZ) ,d fxykl xquxqusi kuheasMkydj xjkjs
djsaA
3- ukd esaxk; ds?khdhnks&nkscwansMkysaA
4- nw/ esa?kh; kf=ki Qykfn?k`r Mkydj i h; saA
viF; %[kk] ryk] ft dkBaMk] fepZ] el kys
iF; %?khdkgyok] nfy; k] pkoy] t kSdki kuh] ewx] l gst uk] djsyk

'ol u l aLFkku dsjksx
1- [kkl h(Cough)
1-
rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdi Ms+dksvkB
xkSew=kkl o dki zfrfnu l sou djsaA
2- xkSew=kesal sa/ kued feykdj FkksM+kxeZdj xjkjsdjsaA
3- nw/ esasgYnhmckydj ysaA
4-[kkl hi qjkuhgksrksxeZnw/ esa?khMkydj i h;saAubZ[kkl hesa?khoft Zr gSA
viF; %[kV~Vk] ryhpht sa] ngh] dsyk] BaMki kuh] pkoy] vkyw
iF; %xsgw] gjhl fCt ; k] l qi kp; Hkkst u] xeZi kuh] rqyl h] dkyhfepZ
fo'ks"k%1- xkSe; / wi dhHkLe dks'kgndsl kFkfnu esa3&4 ckj pkVsa
2- l nhZ&t qdke (Cold)
1- xkSew=k@xkSew=kkl o dki zfrfnu l sou djsaA
2- ukd l sxkSew=k[khpsa] rhozt yu gksxh] ysfdu ukl kxqgkdkl ae.ku"Vgks
t k; sxkvkSj 'ys"ekckgj fudydj rqjUr vkjke feysxkA
3- ukd esa?khMkysaA(xkSew=k[khprsagSarksml dsvk/ s?kaVsckn)
4- xkSew=kesal as/ kued feykdj FkksM+kxeZdj xjkjsdjsaA
5- xkse; nreat u djsaAl qcg narea t u djrsl e; vk dhofu djrsgq,
maxfy;ksal st hHkdksjxM+sa] ,sl kdjrsl e; oeu gkst k; rksHkhvPNkghgSD; ksafd
bl l sukl kxqgkl sysdj i sVrd t ekdi Qckgj fudy t k; sxkA
5-nw/ esai kuh$ rqyl h$gYnh$vnjd$nkyphuhdksMkydj dk<+kcukdj i h; saA
viF; %[kV~Vk] ryhpht sa] ngh] dsyk] BaMki kuh] pkoy] vkyw
iF; %xsgw] gjhl fCt ; k] l qi kp; Hkkst u] xeZi kuh] [kt wj] dqEgM+k]
fo'ks"k%'kkjhfjd J e dhdehdsdkj.ki l hukughafudyrk] ft l l sl nhZ&
t qdke dsek; e l s'kjhj dhxanxhfudyrhgSA'kkjhfjd i fjJ e dj i l huk
fudkyrsjgusl sl nhZt qdke ughagksrkgSA
2-cq[kkj dsl kFkt qdke dsdkj.kukd cano rsst fl j nnZgksrksyykVi j vaxjkx
pw.kZdkeksVkysi yxk;sa&nksfefuVesaukd [kqy t k;sxh] 10fefuVesafl jnnZxk; c
gkst k; sxk] vkSj ?kaVsHkj esacq[kkj dhrhozrkde gkst k; sxhA
3- l k;ul
2- i zfrfnu ukd esa?khMkysaA
3- l qcgukd l srkt kxkSew=k[khpsaA
viF; %vpkj] beyhvkfnrst [kVkbZAryhpht sa] vkywdsyk] nghiF; %esFkh]
puk] ykSdh] vukj]
fo'ks"k%l nhZ&t qdke u gksusnsaA
4- nek(Asthma)
i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA ; kxkSew=kkl o dkl sou djsaA
2-100xzke dPpst ehdandks50xzke i qjkusns'khxqM+dsl kFkdwVdj i zfrfnu l qcg
l sou djsaA
3- ukd esa?khMkysaAbl l s,yt hZl sgksusokyknessdkvke.kughagksxk
viF; %ft dhBaMh&pht sa] rsyhpht s] vf/ d ?kh] nw/ ] nw/ l scusi nkFkZngh]
dPphNkN mM+ndhnky] fnu esal ksuk] rst gok] xqM+&'kDdj okysi nkFkZAeSFkqu
iF; %: [ksvUu] puk] xsgw] Tokj] i khokyhl fCt ; k] dqEgM+k] equDdk] nkysa] ykSax]
bykbph] [kt wj] rqyl h] dkyhfepZ] l ksaB] l kfRod fopkj
fo'ks"k%1- ges'kkHkkst u dscknxeZi kuhi h; saA
2- de l sde N%ekl rd xkSew=kdkl sou djsasA
5- {k; jksx (Vh- ch- Tuberculosis)
{k; jksx vf/ dr%Hk;] 'kksd] ks/ ] dke fopkj t Sl seuksfodkj dsdkj.k
gksrkgS Ai apxO; l kfRod gksusdsdkj.kml l s'kjhj dsl kFk&l kFkeu HkhLoLFk
gksrkgSA
2- xk; sdsnw/ esa1&1pEep i apxO; ?k`r Mkydj fnu esarhu ckj ysaA
3- ukd esaHkhi apxO; ?k`r dhnks&nkscwnsaMkysaA
4- i zfrfnu vk/ kxzke i QwyhgqbZfi QVdjh(xje rosi j i Qqyk,) vk/ kxzke feJ h
dsl kFkl sou djsaA
5- dPpsygl qu dhdyhdkl sou djsaaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] ghax] xeZel kys] ngh] ekosdhfeBkb; k] J e] fpark]
ks/ ] eSFkqu
iF; %xk; dknw/ ] 'kgn] i i hrk] l qi kp; Hkkst u] gjhl fCt ; k] equDdk] i Qy]
cz p; Z(Hkxoku dkLej.k] l kfRod fopkj)
fo'ks"k%xkS'kkykesal ksusl svkSj ml dsxkscj&xkSew=kdhxa/ i Qsi QM+ksaesai gqpusl s
{k; jksx dscSDVhfj; kl scgqr t YnheqfDr feyrhgSAfuR; [kkyhi sVxkSekrkdks
cMs+J n~/ kHkko l sl hax l si wN rd l gykukpkfg, (Fkdku egl wl u gksrks15&20
fefuVrd) bl l sjksxhdksjksx l syM+usdh'kfDr feyrhgSAeu l kfRod gkst krk
gSA
6- mjLrks; ( Iywfjl hPleurisy)
i Qsi QM+ksadhf>Yyhesai kuhHkjusl s; gjksx gksrkgSAxkSew=kLosny (i l huk
fudkyusokyk) gS] xkSew=kl si l huso ew=kdsekxZl st y fudy t krkgS] ft l l s
i Qsi QM+s: {kgksdj LoLFkgkst krsgSaAvU; dksbZl ae.kgksrksogHkhu"Vgkst krk
gSA
viF; %BaMhgok] ue gok] ft dhpht sa] pkoy] ?kh] rsy] ngh] BaMsi Qy
iF; %nw/ &'kgn] ewaax] puk] xsgw] xeZi kuh
7- fueksfu;k
2- ukd esanks&nkscwnxk; dk?khMkysaA
3- i Sj dsryoksai j l jl ksadsrsy dhekfy'kdjsaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] BaMhpht sa
iF; %pksdj] ykSax] rqyl h$ dkyhfepZ] l kSaB] [kt wj

jDr l aLFkku dsjksx
1- mPp jDr pki (High Blood Pressure)
xkSew=kvdZ] xkSew=k?kuoVh; kxkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djsaA
2- jkr dksl ksrsl e; ukd esa?khMkysaAl kFkghukfHki j Hkhnkscwn?khyxkdj
vukfedkmaxyhl si kp ckj mYVk&l qYVkeUFku djsaA
3- l kcqu dhct k; vaxjkx pw.kZ; kvaxjkx chl sLuku djsaA
4-i zfrfnu fNydsl fgr dPphykSdhdk,d fxykl jl fudky 5 dkyhfepZ$
5 rqyl hdsi ks$ i kSnhusdsi ks?kksaVdj feyk; saALokndsvuql kj vnjd o
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] ued] fji QkbUMrsy] vkyw] dM+kmi okl ] jkf=kesaHkkst u
iF; %nw/ ] NkN] vkaoyk] l arjk] ygl qu] ?kh] rosi j Hkwudj Hkwjkcuk; kued]
l sa/ kued] gjhi ksokyhl fCTk; k
fo'ks"k%mi pkj 1]2]3yxkrkj N%eghusrd djusl sjDrpki l kekU; gkst krkgSA
2- jDrkYirk([kwu dhdeh] Anaemia)
2-nw/ dksyksgsdhd<+kbZesavkSVkdj (eanvkp i j dki Qhnsj rd xeZdj) i h; saA
bl esal nhZesaNqgkjsvkSj xehZesaequDdsMkydj vkSVk; saA
3-i zfrfnu fNydsl fgr dPphykSdhdk,d fxykl jl fudky 5 dkyhfepZ$5
rqyl hdsi ks$ i kSnhusdsi ks?kksaVdj feyk; saALokn dsvuql kj vnjd o
4-vukj dsnkuksadksyksgsdsbeke nLrsesadwVdj ; kyksgsdhd<+kbZeasdqpydj
jkf=kesaml hesa<ddj j[knsaAl qcgml si rysdi M+sl sNkudj ml dkjl i h; saA
(,d eghusrd)
viF; %[kVkbZ] vkyw] fji QkbUMrsy] yky fepZ] ft dhpht sa
iF; %i kyd] esFkhdsi ks] cFkqvk] [kt wj] vat hj] equDdk] xUuk] dkykxqM+]
ckt jk] puk
3- dkSysLVkSy (Cholesterol)
2- NkN esa,d pEep ehBsuhe dhi kh(dM+hi kk) dhpVuhMkydj ml dk
l s ou djsaA
l aas / kued feykdj i h; saA4- ?kk.khdsrsy dkl sou djsaA
viF; %fji QkbUMrsy] xk; ds?khdsvykokvU; l Hkh?kh
iF; %ygl qu] xsgwdst okjs] l kx&l Ct h] i Qy] l ykn] fi QYVMZrsy] fcukcht dh
yky fepZ
fo'ks"k%nksi zdkj dsdkSysLVkSy gksrsgSaAvPNkdkSysLVkSy vkSj [kjkc dkSysLVkSyA
vPNsdkSysLV kSy l sefLRk"d LoLFkjgrkgS] 'kjhj dhul ksa] t ksM+ksaesasyphyki u jgrk
gSA[kjkc dkSysLVkSy jDrokfgfu; ksaessat edj #dkoVi SnkdjrkgSA
xk; dk?khdkSysLVkSy dksc<+krkgSA?kk.khdkrsy (fry] ewxi QyhvkSj l jl ksa
dkrsy) [kjkc dkSysLV kSy dksde djrkgSAl ks; kchu] l w; Zeq[kh] i ke rsy nksuksa
i zdkj dsdkSysLVkSy dksde dj 'kjhj dksuqdl ku i gqpkrsgSaA
4- jDr fodkj (Blood Infection)
1-vf/ d ek=kkesa rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wrh
di Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA; k
2- nw/ esagYnhmckydj ?khMkydj i h; saaA
l aas / kued feykdj i h; saA
4- uhe $ rqyl hdkl sou djsaA
5- fpjk; rsdksmckydj i h; saA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] xeZel kys] [kehj okysvkgkj] ft dhpht saA
iF; %ygl qu] djsyk] nw/ ] dqyFkh] 'kgn
KkusfUnz;ksadsjksx
ukd dsjksxksadk'ol u l aLFkku dsjksxksaesao.kZu vkpqdkgSA
1- vk[kvkuk (Conjunctivitis)
vk[kvkusi j ,dne rkt kxkscj (t kst ehu i j 15&20fefuVl svf/ d u
i M+kgks) canvk[ki j j[kdj gYdhi V~Vhcka/ dj ysVt k; saArhu ?kaVsesavk[ksasBhd
gkst k; sxhAjkr dksl ksrsl e; yxk; savkSj jkr Hkj jgusnsarksl qcgrd ykyhHkh
feVt k; sxhA
; k
1- vk[kdksckj&ckj xkSew=kl s/ ks; saA
2-vk[kesadPpsnw/ dhcwnsaVi dk; savkSj ml i j nw/ esaHkhxk: bZdki Qkgkj[knsaA
3- ukd esa?khMkysaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] fepZ] Vh-oh-] dkWEI; qVj] vk[kel yuk] rsst / wi ] i <+uk] fdl hl s
gkFkfeykuk; kfdl hHkh: eky] rkSfy; sl seqgi kSaNuk
2- vk[kksaesannZ;kpqHku
1- ukd esa?khMkyukbl dkl cl srst o i zHkkohmi pkj gSA
3- vk[kesaxkSew=kdhcwnsaMkysaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] Vh- oh-] dkWEI; qVj] ysVdj i <+uk
iF; %fl j esarsy dhekfy'k
fo'ks"k%rdyhi QrqjUr Bhd gksusi j Hkhde l sde 15 fnu i jksDr mi pkj
djsaA
3- det ksj n`f"V
1- jkr dksl ksrsl e; ukd esanks&nkscwn?khMkysaA
2- i zfrfnu nksuksal e; f=ki Qykfn?k`r dkl sou djsaA
3-jkr dksl ksrsl e; i Sj dsryoksai j ?khyxkdj dkl sdscrZu l src rd jxM+s]
t c rd ryosdkysu gkst k; saA
4-fnu esarhu ckj nks&nkscwnxkSew=kdhMkysa] l kFkgh'kgnuhacw] xqykc t y vkfn
dhcwnsaHkhMkysaA
; k
6- i zfrfnu NkN ; kxkSrkfj"V; kxkSrkl o dkl sou djsaA
7- nw/ esaequDdk; kdkyhfepZvkSVkdj i h; saaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] eSnk] csl u] xeZel kys] Vh- oh-] dkWEI; qVj] nsj rd
t kxuk] l w; ksZn; dscknmBuk
iF; %i kyd] xkt j] vkoyk] gjk/ fu; k] cknke (fHkxkdj f?kl dj ysusi j gh
mi ; ksxh)] l qcg&l qcggjh?kkl i j uaxsi Sj pyuk
fo'ks"k%1- dCt u gksusnsaA
2- p'ekmrjusdscknHkhrhu eghusrd i jksDr mi pkj djsaA
4- jrkSa/ h(jkr dksu fn[kuk)
; gchekjhfoVkfeu ^,* dhdehl sgksrhgSAfoVkfeu ^,* fpdukbZesa?kqydj
ghvk[kksard i gqprkgSAfpdukbZdhdehl sfoVkfeu ^,* dk'kks"k.kughagks
i krkA?khesa[kqnesaghfoVkfeu ^,* gksrkgS] vr%bl chekjhesa?khdkfo'ks"k: i
l sl sou djukpkfg,A
det ksj n`f"Vdsfy, fd; st kusokysl Hkhmi k; bl esadjuspkfg,A
uksV%foVkfeu ^,* dkl h/ sdSIl wy : i esal sou dsdbZnq"i fj.kke gksl drsgSaA
5- eksfr;kfcan(Cataract)
; k
2- jkr dksl ksrsl e; ukd esanks&nkscwn?khMkysaA
3- f=ki Qykfn?k`r dkl qcg&'kke l sou djsaA
4-xkSew=kdksrkacsdsi k=kesamckydj BaMkdj Nku ysaAi zfrfnu 4 ckj bl dhnks&nks
cw nsaMkysaA
5- 'kgndh,d&,d cwnvk[kesaMkysaA
6- l i QsnI; kt dsjl dh,d&,d cwnvk[kesaMkysaA
7- xqykc t y dhnks&nkscwnsavk[keasMkysaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] / wi ] xeZel kys] ks/ ] 'kksd
iF; %xkt j] vkoyk] 'kgn] t kS] djsyk] i i hrk] cknke (fHkxkdj f?kl dj ysus
i j ghmi ; ksxh)
fo'ks"k%1- i jksDr mi pkj l srhu eghusesaeksfr; kfcandVt k; sxkvkSj p'ek
yxkgksrksml dsuacj Hkhde gkst k; saxsA
2- i zfrfnu NkN i husokyksadkseksfr; kfcanghughagksrkA
6- vk[kl sikuhcguk
vk[kl s,d okfguhfudydj ukd esat krhgSml esavojks/ gksusi j
vk[kdksue j[kusokyki kuhckgj Vi dusyxrkgSA
1- eksfr; kfcanokysmi pkj djsaA
2- l qcg xkSe; nareat u djsavkSj eat u djusdsckn vk vkokt djrsgq,
maxfy; ksal st hHkdksjxM+sa bl l su dsoy t hHkvkSj daB ghl ki QgksxkcfYd ukd]
vk[k] dku vkfndhokfgfu; kHkhl ki Qgkst krhgSaA
7- dku cguk
1- ukd esaxk; dk?khMkysaA
2- nw/ esagYnhmckydj ?khMkydj i h; saA
3- rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdi Ms+dks
vkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA
; k
4- xkSew=kl sxjkjsdjsaA
5- eqg[kksydj dku esaxkSe; rsy dh2&4 cwnsaMkysaA
xkSe; rs y cukusdhfof/ &fry dsrsy esaxkscj dkjl Mkydj eanvkp i j
i dk; sa] t c dsoy rsy ghcps] rc Nkudj 'kh'khesaHkj ysaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] xqM+] fepZ] xeZel kys] rst gok] ngh] NkNA
8- dku dknnZ
1-dku dknnZyacsl e; l sgksrks rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk;
dsxkSew=kdksl wrhdi Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA
; k
2- ukd esaxk; dk?khMkysaA
3- eqg[kksydj dku esal jl ksa; kfry dsrsy dhnks&pkj cwnsaMkysaA
4- dku dsckgj okruk'kd rsy yxk; saA
5- dku dks<ddj j[ksavkSj i a[ksvkfndhrst gokl scpsaA
viF; %xSl djusokysvkgkj t Sl svkyw] xksHkh] I; kt ] ft dhpht sa] ckl h
Hkkst u] eSnk] csl u
iF; %ygl qu
9- pkl quuk(de l quuk)
1- ukd esaxk; dk?khMkysaa
2- eqg[kksydj dku esaxkSe; rsy dhnks&pkj cwnsaMkysaA
3- i a[ksvkfndhrst gokl scpsaA
10- rqrykuk
i zk; %rqrykukmezc<+usdsl kFk&l kFkBhd gkst krkgSA
1- ; fnefLr"d dhdet ksjhdsdkj.krqrykukgksrkgSrksczkh?k`r dksukd
esaMkysarFkkl qcg&'kke xeZnw/ esaMkydj i h; saA
2- okdsfUnz; (t hHk) dhdet ksjhdsdkj.krqrykukgksrkgSrksl kekU; xk; dk
?khukd esaMkysavkSj l qcg&'kke xeZnw/ esaMkydj i h; saA
; k
4- l qcg xkSe; nareat u djsavkSj eat u djusdsckn vk vkokt djrsgq,
maxfy; ksal st hHkdksjxM+s] bl l su dsoy t hHkvkSj daB ghl ki QgksxkcfYd ukd]
vk[k] dku vkfndhokfgfu; kHkhl ki Qgkst krhgSaA
5- fnu esa4&5 ckj t hHki j dkyhfepZj[kdj pwl ukA
viF; %pkWdysV] l qi kjh] vf/ d ehBk
iF; %ykSax] vkoyk] cknke
fo'ks"k%cPpsl srqrykdj ckr u djsa] rkfd og l ghmPpkj.kl qusvkSj l gh
mPpkj.kdjusdki z; Ru djsaA
11- gdykuk(Stammer)
rqrykusokysmipkj djsaA
viF; %Hk; ] t Ynckt h] ks/
fo'ks"k%1- xkusdkvf/ d l svf/ d vH; kl djsaA2- Bgkdkekjdj gl sA
12- l w[kh[kqt yh
; k
2- xkSew=kvkSj fry dsrsy dhcfLr (,fuek) ysaA
3- ?khdkvf/ dkf/ d l sou djsaAjkr dksl ksrsl e; nw/ esa?khMkydj i h; saA
4- ukd esa?khMkysaA
6- l jl kas; kfry dsrsy dhi wjs'kjhj i j ekfy'kdjsaA
7-rkt sxkscj l sLuku djsa; kvaxjkx pw.kZ$ dPpknw/ ; knghl sLuku djsaAbUgsa
15&20fefuV'kjhj i j yxkjgusnsaAl kcqu dki z; ksx fcYdqy ukdjsaaA
viF; %ft dhpht sas] rst [kVkbZ] vkyw] xksHkh] I; kt ] ckl hHkkst u] eSnk] csl u]
dPpkued] : [khpht saAi a[ksdhrst gok] i kmMj
iF; %fLuX/ vkgkj] ehBk] rqyl h$'kgn] ygl qu] djsyk] ukfj; y] uhacw
13- xhyh[kqt yh(nkn] ,fDt ek------)
; k
2-rkt sxkscj esaxkSew=kfeykdj l kcqqu dht xgyxk; sa; kvaxjkx pw.kZ; kvaxjkx
chl sLuku djsaAl kcqu dki z; ksx fcYdqy ukdjsaA
3-t gkxhyh[kqt yhgksogkxkSe; nknuk'kd ch; kxkSe; eyge dki z; ksx djsaA
5- J e ; kO; k; ke dj 'kjhj l si l hukfudkysaA
6- [kknhdsdi M+so <hysdi M+sl HkhpeZjksxksaesacgqr ykHki gqpkrsgSaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] rsy] fepZ] xqM+] vkyw] cSaxu] pk; &dkWi Qh] ekokAdkWLesfVd he]
xhyspM~Mh&cfu; ku] rax di Ms+] ft Ul
iF; %Hkwukgqvkpuk] t kSdkl kw] ?kh
14- iqjkuk?kko
; k
2- ?kko dksxkSew=kl s/ ks; saA
3- ?kko i j t kR; kfn?k`r yxk; saA
4- l kcqu dki z; ksx ukdjasA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sas] xqM+] vf/ d ehBk] [kehj okyhpht sa] vkyw] I; kt ] ngh
NkN
iF; %l qi kp; ,oal knkHkkst u] ?kh
15- iQksM+s&iQqUl h
; k
2- i QksM+si j rkt kxkscj ck/ nsaAi QksM+sdks'kh?kzi dkdj i wjkeokn[khap ysxkA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ngh] NkN] ryhpht sa] fepZ] xqM+] vke]
16- RopkdkdVuk;kfNyuk
1- xkSEk; / wi dhjk[kdksdVhgqbZRopki j yxk; saA?kko 'kh?kzHkjsxkA
; k
viF; %l kcqu] [kVkbZ] [kehjokyhpht saA
fo'ks"k%RopkdsdVrsghrqjUr xeZi kuhi h; saA
17- RopkdkiQVuk
i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA ; k
xkSew=kvdZ] xkSew=k?kuoVh; kxkSew=kkl o ; kxkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou
djsaA
2- nw/ esa?khMkydj i h; saA?khdki z; ksx vf/ d djsaA
3- ukd esa?khMkysaaA
4- dsoy t gkRopki QVhgSogkghughacfYd i wjs'kjhj i j fry ; kl jl ksa dk
(xfeZ; ksaesaukfj; y dk) rsy yxk; sa] gYdhekfy'kdjsaA
5- l kcqu dki z; ksx ukdjsaAvaxjkx pw.kZ$ dPpknw/ ; knghl sLuku djsaA
viF; %: [kkvkgkj] ckl hHkkst u] vkyw] I; kt ]
iF; %vkaoyk] uhacw] 'kgn
fo'ks"k%Ropkdki QVuk] okr dsc<+usdsdkj.kgksrkgS] vr%dsoy i QVhgqbZ
t xgdkmi pkj u dj] i wjs'kjhj dkmi pkj djukpkfg,A
18- Ropkdh,yt hZ
Ropkdksi wjki ks"k.ku feyusl s; kRopkdsfdl hfot krh; rRo dsl ai dZ
esajgusl sml esafdl hfo'ks"kpht (/ wi ] / wy] gok] i kuh)] dsi zfr fod"kZ.k(,yt hZ)
i Snkgkst krhgSA
; k
3- rkt sxkscj l s; kvaxjkx pw.kZ; kvaxjkx chl sLuku djsaAl kcqu dki z; ksx
fcYdqy ukdjsaA
4- rst i a[ksdhgokl si l husdksu jksdsaA
5- l qcgdh/ wi dkl sou djsaA
viF; %rst [kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] dPpkued
iF; %uhacw] rqyl h$'kgn] vkoyk] i i hrk] djsyk] uhe
fo'ks"k%Ropkdh,yt hZfdl hHkhrjhfcekjhdkl adsr gksl drsgSAvr%Hkhrjh
chekjhi j Hkh; ku nsaA
19- fl j esa:l h (Dandruf f )
1- ukd esa?khMkyusal s40&45 fnu esa: l hcuukcangkst krkgSA
2- NksVscky gksrksvaxjkx pw.kZ$ [kV~VhNkN fl j i j dqN nsj yxkdj / ks; saA
3- cky cM+sgksarksxkSew=k; kxkSew=kesasvjhBk] f'kdkdkbZ] vkaoykmckydj ml l s
cky / ks; saA
4- dsoy fl j ghughai wjs'kjhj dhrsy ekfy'kdjsaA
viF; %fl j esal kcqu yxkuk] : [kkHkkst u] vkyw] I; kt
iF; %nw/ ] ngh] NkN] ?kh
20- 'osr dq"B (l iQsnnkx Leucoderma)
; k
3-l kcqu dki z; ksx u djsaAxkscj ; kvaxjkx pw.kZvkSj nw/ dsmcVu l sLuku djsaA
4- fofHkUu xkS'kkykvksa}kjkfufeZr f'o=kgj fVfd; kyxk; savkSj f'o=kuk'kd oVh
dkl sou djsaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] xeZel kysa]
iF; %dkysfry] dkykpuk] ukfj; y] xkt j

ew=kl aLFkku dsjksx
1- o`Dd fodkj
(xqnsZdsjksx Kidney Problems)
1-fnu esarhu ckj rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wrh
di Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA
; k
i quuZ okfnvdZvkSj i quuZokfnoVhdkl sou djsaA
2- vaxjkx l sLuku djssaA
3-o`Dd dsl Hkhjksxksaesa'kjhj l s[kwc i l hukfudyusnsa] ft l l sjDr l ki Qgksrk
jgsvkS j xqnksZai j t ksj uki M+sA
4-i Sjksadsryoksai j ?khyxkdj dkl sdscrZu l src rd jxMat c rd ryosdkys
u gkst k,A
5-ukd esa?khMkysaAukfHki j ?khyxkdj vukfedkmaxyhl smYVk&l h/ keaFku djsaA
6- xk; dknw/ l ekukek=kesai kuhfeykdj mckysABaMkdj feJ hfeykdj t kS
dsnfy; sdsl kFkysaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa] ft dhpht sa] VekVj] vkyw] pkoy] ngh] dsyk] mM+n
dhnky] dPpkued] pkoy] i a[ksdhrst gokA
iF; %t kSdkl kw] t kSdki kuh] ukfj; y] [kt wj
fo'ks"k%xqnsZdsjksxksai j xkSew=ki je vkS"kf/ fl gqbZgSA
2- iFkjh(Kidney Stone)
gksE; ksi SfFkd vkSj vk; qosZfnd vkS"kf/ ; ksadsl kFkxkSew=ki Fkjhdks[kRe djus
esacM+ki zHkkohfl gqvkgSA
; k
2- [kwc i kuhi h; saA
viF; %[kVkbZ] vf/ d cht okysi Qy&l Ct ht Sl sVekVj] poyh] ve: n] fHkaMh]
cSaxu] i ksokyhl fCt ; kWi kyd
3- cgqew=k(vf/ d is'kkc gksuk)
; k
i quuZokfnvdZvkSj i quuZokfnoVhdkl sou djsaA
3- i zfrfnu nkspEep dkysfry pck&pckdj [kk; saA
4- i a[ksdhrst gokl scpsaA
5- i zfrfnu fNydsl fgr
6- esFkhHkhxkdj l qcgml dkl sou djsaA
viF; %jkr dksnsj l sHkkst u djuk] xSl djusokyhpht sa] t sl svkyw] u; spkoy]
I; kt ] eSnk] ft dhpht sa] fji Qkb.Mrsy [kVkbZ] vf/ d ehBk
iF; %?kk.khdkrsy (u feysrksfi QYVMZrsy)] 'kke dsHkkst u esarjy i nkFkZvf/
d ukysaAczp; Zdki kyu
fo'sk"k%1- t kscPpsjkf=kesafcLrj i j i s'kkc djrsgksa] mUgsaHkh; ghmi pkj nsaA
2-cgqew=ke/ qesgdk,d i zeq[ky{k.kgS; fne/ qesggksrkse/ qesgdkmi pkj djsaA
4- ew=kokfgfu;ksaesoz.k (Ulcer in Ureter)
1- fnu esarhu ckj rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdks
l wrhdi Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA
; k
2- xk; dsnw/ esal eku ek=kkesai kuhMkydj mckysaAfeJ hfeykdj t kSdhjksVh
(nfy; k) ; kpkoy dsl kFkysaA
3- nw/ esaxk; dk?khysaA
viF; %ehBsi nkFkZ] xfj"B i nkFkZ] fnu esal ksuk]
iF; %'kgn] i i hrk
fo'ks"k%ew=kl aLFkku esafdl hHkhi zdkj dkoz.k; kl ae.kgksrksml esaxkSew=k
vR; Ur ykHkdkjhgSA
5- ew=kPN@ew=kk?kkr (ew=k: d&: ddj gksuk; ku gksuk)
; k
2-xk; dsnw/ esal eku ek=kkesai kuhfeykdj mckysaAfeJ hfeykdj t kSdhjksVh
(nfy; k) ; kpkoy dsl kFkysaA
viF; %fi kc<+kusokysi nkFkZt Sl s] ryhpht sa] xje el kysa] vkyw] cSaxu] ygl qu]
[kVkbZ] ft dhpht saA
iF; %i i hrk
fo'ks"k%'kjhj l si l hukfudyrkgksrksml srst i a[kkpykdj jksdsughaA

;kSu l eL;k,(Sex Problems)
1- LoIunks"k@'kh?kziru@izesg
esnksgj vdZ(dsl j ; qDr xkSew=kvdZ) vkSj xkSew=kgfjrdhoVhdkl sou djsaA
2- nw/ esagYnhmckydj vkSj ?khMkydj i h; saA
3- NkN ; krkfj"V; krkl o dkl sou djsaA
4-i Sj dsryoksai j ?khyxkdj dkl sdscrZu l src rd jxM+sat c rd ryosdkys
u gkst k; saA
viF; %v'yhy fopkj] Xykfu] xeZel kys] ryhpht sa] [kVkbZ] xSl djusokyhpht sa
t Sl ft dhpht sa] vkyw] I; kt ] eSnk] [kehjokyhpht sa] jkf=kdksnsjhl sHkkst u
djuk] pk; &dkWi Qh] ygl qu@fdl hHkhi zdkj dkO; l u] vf/ d L=kh&l axA
iF; %l Rl ax] vPNsfopkj] mM+n] fry] fHk.Mh] fl a?kkM+k] [kksi jk
fo'ks"k%1- dHkhHkhdCt u gksusnsaA
2- l ksusi woZgkFki Sj / ksdj fcLrj i j t k; saA
3- jkr dksl ksusl si woZVh- oh- u ns[ksa] i Qkyrwi qLrdsau i <+saAbZ'oj dk; kvi us
t hou dsy{; dkfparu dj 'kkar eu l sl ks; saA
4-oh; Zdsuk'kl smruh'kfDr u"Vughagksrhft ruhdkeqd fopkjksal sAvr%fopkj
ges'kkJ s"B djsaA
5-fookgdsi zkjfEHkd fnuksaesavf/ d mkst ukdsdkj.k'kh?kzi ru gksukLokHkkfod
gSAvr%fparkughadjuhpkfg,A
2- uiqal drk(l aHkksx esavl eFkZrk)
2- cknke (Hkhxkdj nw/ esaf?kl dj)] dsl j Nqgkjk([kt wj) nw/ esavkSVkdj ?kh
Mkydj i h; saaA
viF; %v'yhy fopkj] ghu Hkkouk] Xykfu] Hk; ] t Ynckt h] gM+cM+kgV] mkst uk]
okr nks"kc<+kusokyhpht sat Sl si a[ksdhrst gok] ft dhpht sa] vkyw] eSnk]
[kehjokyhpht sa] [kVkbZ] pk; &dkWi Qh] jkf=kdksnsjhl sHkkst u djukAfdl hHkhi zdkj
dkO; l u] vf/ d L=kh&l axA
iF; %i wjs'kjhj i j rsy dhekfy'kdjsaAO; k; ke djsaA
fo'ks"k%1-dkeqd fopkjksal s'kfDr u"Vgksusl sl aHkksx dh'kfDr {kh.kgkst krhgSA
vr%dkeqd fopkjksal scpsaaA
2- l aHkksx dsckni jksDr xeZnw/ dkl sou djusl s'kfDr {kh.kughagksrhA
3- l aHkksx dsckni kuhdHkhuki h; saA
4- dCt u gksusnsaA
5- ruko] fpark] Hk; ] ks/ ] vkfndsl kFkl aHkksx esai zo`ku gksaA
3- ;kSu jksx (Sexual Diseases)
l Hkhi zdkj ds; kSu jksxksaesafuEufyf[kr mi pkj djsaA
1-fnu esarhu ckj rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdksl wr
di Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA; kesnksgj vdZ(dsl j ; qDr xkSew=k
vdZ) vkSj xkSew=kgfjrdhoVhdkl sou djsaA
2- xk; dsnw/ esa?khMkydj i h; saA
viF; %v'yhy fopkj] fdl hHkhi zdkj dk] O; l u] ekal kgkj] jkr dksHkkst djuk]
[kVkbZ] ued] 'kDdj] xfj"B Hkkst u] ryhpht sa] fepZ&el kys] vf/ d ehBkA
eSFkquA
iF; %czp; Z] gYdkl kfRod Hkkst u] t kS] l Hkhnkysa] pkoy] feJ h] esFkh] dkyh
peZ] gYdkO; k; ke
fo'ks"k%dCt fcYdqy ukgksusnsaA
4- ,p- vkb- oh@,M~l
,p-vkb-ohvkSj ,M~l ; s,d ghjksx ughagSA,p-vkb-ohdkl gh<ax
l smi pkj u gksusi j og,M~l esacny l drkgSA,M~l dkmi pkj dfBu gS] vl aHko
ughaA
2- i apxO; ?k`r dkl sou djsaa
3- i apxO; ?k`r dhnks&nkscwansukd esaMkysaA
4- 31i kh'; kekrqyl hdsjl easmrukgh'kgnfeykdj i zfrfnu l sou djsaA
5- i zfrfnu fNydsl fgr dPphykSadhdk,d fxykl jl fudky 5 dkyhfepZ
$ 5 rqyl hdsi ks$ 5 i kSnhusdsi ks?kkasVdj feyk; saLokndsvuql kj vnjd
o l sa/ kued feykdj i h; saA
viF; %ryhpht sa] csl u] eSnk] Hkkst u esavfufe; rrk] Hkkst u dj rqjUr l ksuk]
ckt kj dk[kkuk] ckl hHkkst u] ft dhpht sa] [kehjokykvkgkj] vkyw] cSaxu] I; kt
iF; %i kSf"Vd vkgkj] ?kk.khdkrsy] nw/ ] ngh] ?khl w[ksesos] i dsi Qy] jl k; u
eq Dr vukt ] l fCt ; kxsgwadst okjs] gYnh] vuUukl ] vukj] i kyd] esFkh] i i hrkA
5- iq:"kxazfFkdkc<+uk
(Enlargement of Prostate)
2- f=ki Qykfn?k`r esa,d pqVdhl sa/ kued Mkydj l sou djsaA
3- NkN ; krkfj"V; krkl o dkl sou djsaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] ryhpht sa
iF; %vkoyk] ukfj; y] nw/ ] ngh] vaxwj] rqyl h
L=khjksx
1-vfu;fer ekfl d / eZ@ekfl d / eZde gksuk
di Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA ; k
ukjhl at houhvkSj xkSew=kgjhrdhoVhdkl sou djssaA
2- dkyhfepZ20xzke] xqM+10xzke 300feyhi kuhesamckysaA,d pkSFkkbZi kuh
jgt kusi j Nkudj i h; saA
3- ekfl d / eZdsl e; xwndks?khesarydj i QqykysaAvc ?khesavt ok; u dks
rysAml esaxqM+i QqykgqvkxwnMkydj i kd cukdj [kk; saA
4- i zfrfnu nw/ esadkyhfepZmckydj ?khMkydj i h; saA
5- efl d / eZdsfnuksaesai Sj dsryosi j l jl ksadkrsy jxM+saA
viF; %[kVkbZ] dCt djusokysvkgkj t Sl seSnk] csl u] vkyw] xSl djusokysvkgkj
t Sl sft dhpht sa] ckl hHkkst u] jkr dksnsj l s[kkuk] xksHkh] [kehj okyhpht sa
iF; %esFkh] djsyk] ghax] rkt kngh] ckt jk
fo'ks"k%1-; gokr jksx gSvr%: [ksBaMsvkgkj&fogkj l scpsaAdCt fcYdqy uk
gksusnssaA
2- Hkkst u dscknxje i kuhvo'; i h; saA
3- 'kjhj dks<d dj j[ksaArst goku yxusnsaA
2- ekfl d / eZdsl e; vf/ d jDrl zko
2- i zfrfnu nw/ esaequDdkmckydj ?khMkydj i h; saaA
3-ekfl d / eZdsfnuksadksNksM+dj NkN ; krkfj"V; krkl o dkl sou djsaA
4- ekfl d / eZdsfnuksaesai Sj dsryoksai j ?khjxM+saA
viF; %l HkhxeZvkgkj t Sl s] ryhpht sa] xeZel kys] fepZ] ygl qu] I; kt ]
pk; &dkWi Qh] cSaxu] xqM+] vkyw] ft dhpht saA
iF; %feJ h] t kSvkfnfi k'kked BaMhpht saaA
fo'ks"k%; gfi ki z/ ku jksx gSAvr%ekfl d / eZdsi kp fnu i gysvf/ d ek=kk
esaxkSew=kdkl sou djsa] ft l l snLr yxdj fi kde gkst k; saAl kr fnu i gysl s
i F; &vi F; dkfo'ks"k; ku j[ksaA
3- 'osr iznj (Leucorrhoea)/
;ksfu l ae.k (Vaginal Infection)
2- i zfrfnu nw/ esagYnh; kl kSaB mckydj ?khMkydj i h; saaA
3-; ksfu dksHkhrj l si zfrfnu xkSew=kl s/ ksukpkfg,Abl dsfy;sfi pdkjh; kesMhdy
LVksj i j mi yC/ kôst kbuy jcj Li zs* (ft l esa,d jcj dhcksy yxhgksrhgSvkSj
,d IykfLVd dkukst y yxkgksrkgS) dkmi ; ksx djsaA
viF; %rst [kVkbZ] mnj jksxksadksc<+kusokysvkgkj] vfu; ferrk
iF; %l qi kp; vkgkj] nw/ ] ngh] ?kh] NkN
fo'ks"k%Hkkst u dscknxeZi kuhi h; saA
4- xHkkZ'k; esaxkB (Ovarian Cyst)
2-dkapukj vdZdkl sou djsaAbl dhfof/ dSal j dsmi pkj esanhxbZgSA
3- nw/ esal kSaB mckydj ?khMkydj l sou djsaA
viF; %[kVkbZ] fepZ] xeZel kys] ryhpht saAks/ ] bZ"; kZ] Hk; ] 'kksd] eu esaxkB
ck/ uk
iF; %t kS] Hkqusgq, pus] feJ h]
fo'ks"k%l HkhefgykvksadsxHkkZ'k; esaxkBscurhvkSj [kRe gksrhjgrhgSaAxkB
dkvkdkj c<+rkjgs; kognnZdjsa] rHkhmi pkj djusdhvko'; drkgksrhgSA
5- Lruksaesanw/ dhdeh
1- fnu esarhu ckj rq] i zfr vkSj voLFkkdsvuql kj ns'khxk; dsxkSew=kdks
l wrhdi Ms+dksvkB i jr (fold) dj Nkudj i h; saA; k
2- nw/ kesaNqgkjs([kt wj) mckydj ?khMkydj ysaA
3- i wjs'kjhj dhrsy l sekfy'kdjsaA
4- vf/ dkf/ d ek=kesa?khdkl sou djsaA
viF; %ft dhBaMhpht sa] ckl hHkkst u] vkyw] I; kt ] eSnk] csl u] [kehj okyh
pht sa] vpkj] fji Qkb.Mrsy
iF; %vt ok; u] esFkh] l kSaB] fry] ns'khxqM+] ckt jk] [kkusdkxwnfry dkrsy
6- xHkkZoLFkk(Pregnancy)
1-L=khdhi zfr o rqdsvuql kj xkSew=kdht ksek=kkgksrhgS] ml l svk/ hek=kk
esaxkSew=k; kxkSew=kvdZvkSj ?kuoVhdkl sou djukpkfg,A
2-i zfrfnu pkanhdsI; kysesanght ekdj rkt snghdkl sou djukpkfg,Abl l s
cPpkes/ koho LoLFkgksrkgS&eancqfvFkokfodykax ughagksrkA
3- NkN ; kxkSrkl o ; kxkSrkfj"Vdkl sou djsaA
5- xHkZorhekrkdksnw/ dk[kwc i hukpkfg,Anw/ dksykSgsdhd<+kbZesa[kwc
vkSVkdj vkSj dkyhfepZMkydj ysusl s'kjhj esajDr dhdehughagksrhA
6-[kV~Vk[kkusdhbPNkgksrksvkaoyk] uhacw] dksde] NkN] VekVj dkl sou djsaA
vpkj] beyh] dSjhvkSj jkbZdh[kVkbZdkl sou ukdjsaA
7- 'kjhj esa[kwu dhdehgksrks[kwu dhdehokysmi pkj djsaA
8-'kjhj esadSfY'k; e dhdehgksrksi ku dhnqdku l s,d : i ; sdkpwuk ykdj
ml s,d yhVj i kuhesaMkydj [kwc fgyk; saA6&7?kaVscknt c pwukryhesacSB
t k; sa] rc i kuhdksfuFkkj ysaA; gi kuhfnu esanksckj nks&nkspEep ysrsjgsaA
9-vkVki hl usdhgkFkdhpDdh(?kV~Vh) pykusl sxHkkZ'k; {ks=kdhrFkkLruksa
dhekl i sf'k; kyphyho cy'kkyhgksrhgSA'kjhj esal wt u ughavkrho i zl o
l kekU; gksrkgSA?kV~Vhu gksrksbl hi zdkj dkO; k; ke djsaA10-l kcqu dki z; ksx
ukdjsa] vaxjkx pw.kZ; kvaxjkx chl sLuku djsaA
viF; %l Hkhrkel hd pht sa&ygl qu] I; kt ] pk; &dkWi Qh] HkSal dknw/ ] ngh] ?kh]
ckl hHkks t u l Hkhi zdkj dsO; l uAks/ ] bZ"; kZ] Hk; ] ykypAVh- ohdsdk; Ze
o foKki u cgqr ghrkel hd gSAVh-oh-l sfudyusokyhi zdk'kdhfdj.ksghugha
rjaxsHkhcgqr uqdl ku djrhgSAVh-oh-i j dsoy dqN l aLdkji zndk; Ze ghFkksM+h
nsj ns[ksaA
l Hkhfi knks"kc+<+kusokyhpht sa&vkyw] cSaxu] ngh] xje el kysa] fepZ] ryh
pht sa] rst [kVkbZ] i i hrkAbul sxHkZi kr gksusdk[krjkjgrkgSA
l Hkhokr nks"kc<+kusokyhpht sa&i a[ksdhrst gok] ft dki kuh] eSnk] csl u]
jkr dkst kxukAbul sl wt u vkrhgSvkSj i zl o osnukvf/ d gksrhgSA
l Hkhdi Qnks"kc<+kusokyhpht sa&vf/ d ehBk] vf/ d ?kh] rsy] vkyL; fnu
esavf/ d l ksukAbul scPpsdkeksVki kc<+rkgSvkSj i zl o esal eL;kgksrhgSA
iF; %i zl Uu jguk] gYdsO; k; ke djuk; kJ e djuk] l qcgdhfdj.kksadkl sou
djuk] vPNhi qLrdsi <+uk] dykdsl kSUn; Zdki ku djukA
fo'ks"k%,d ewfrZdkj i RFkj dhewfrZdksx<+rsl e; ,d&,d Nsuhl aHkkydj
pykrkgSAekdkrkspSrU; ewfrZdksx<+ukgS] bZ'oj dhrjgl `f"VdjuhgS] ek
ft ruhghdq'ky gksxhi q=kHkhmrukghJ s"B gksxkA


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Lons'khfpfdRl k

xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 26 xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 25

xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 90 xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 89

xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 96 xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 95

xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 106 xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 105

xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 110 xkSekrkiapxO; fpfdRl k 109

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