govt announced number of policies in S&T :bills on patents,specialised innovatio n universities and regulatory measures. this was supposed to be the growth engin e of S&T for India but has unfortunately failed due to poor goevrnance mechanism s and low priority accoeded to this sector in overall budget. Allocations: Govt promised a GERD to GDP ratio of 2% on R&D. but it has stagnated to 0.9% for last 9 yrs (relatively declined when adjusted t o inflation) out of this 58%= strategic sectors:atomic energy,defence and space research) and 29%=pvt sector. thus what is left for civilian R&D is dismal. other nations (GERD TO GDP RATIO) china=increase form 1% to 1.84% japan= spent 3.26% in 2012 S. Korea= 3.74% Singapore=2.8% STIP 2013: envisages to put india among the top 5 global scientific powers by 2020 increase no. of full time R&D personnel by 2/3rd within 5 yrs increse publications from current 3.5% to global share of 7% by 2020 BUT it failed to commit to increase public R&D unrealsitic goals POLICY PARALYSIS IN S&T batting for new nuclear plants despite being aware of the grave danger according to research :just 25% of future nuclear budget for renewable energy so urces will generate double the energy planned in sustainable manner 90% of water in india is used in agriculture yet we dont have an inclusive energ y water policy R&D IN EDUCATION: prime victim 600 univerties and 30000 colleges with GERD of 18 universities= contribute 52% of total national research publication but have bee n alloted just 4.1 % of GERD has led to very low research intensity ,90% of our uni end up in teaching instit utes with research given less priority due to lack of funds we could register single uni in TOP 100 world ranking . just 4-5 uni made up in lists of 400-500 until higher education is given more importance in the national innovation syste m the R&D will remain in a dismal place
other nations universities= china= increased GERD share of uni from 5% in 1990s to 12 % now japan= 15% INNOVATION: 2010-20 declared as decade of innovation proposed schemes : risky idea fund , small idea small money launched IIIF ( india inclusive innovation fund) under PPP paralysis: dismal amount of money alloted to innoavtionschemes under deptt of S&T and dept t of scientific and industrial research 90% of our labor is in informal sector, faced dwindling future , migrate to urba n areas. govt launched many schemes like MNEGA,RAY,IAY , health missions. they lack an instituional framework to infuse employment potential skills, train ing and grassroot innovation; creating centres for vocational learning to infuse skills there are about 7500 Industrial training institutes in india which are less giv en the growing dd of technicians