PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

()

" " :
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+V1
I write a letter.
She makes a doll.
Note No. 1: Use s, es with the 1st form of the verb if the Subject is He, She, It or singular noun
(boy, player, teacher, Adeel, Mehak etc).
Note No. 2: Use 1st form of the verb if the Subject is I, we, you, they or plural (Children,
Telephones, Computers etc).
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
Does not He, She, It Do not I, we, you, they

Syntax: Sub+do/does+not+V1
We do not write poems.
Qasim does not play football.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Does He, She, It Do I, we, you, they

Syntax: Do/Does+sub+V1
Do you go to market?
Does she go for a walk?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Do/Does+sub+not+V1
Do you not go to bazar?
Does she not play?

PAST INDEFINITE TENSE

()

" " :
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+V2
He wrote a letter.
She played.
It played.
He, She, It, I, we, you, they
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
Did not He, She, It, I, we, you, they

Syntax: Sub+did+not+V1
They did not play match yesterday.
He did not play.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Did He, She, It, I, we, you, they

Syntax: Did+sub+V1
Did they go for a walk?
Did he play?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Did+sub+not+V1
Did you not take your lunch?
Did we not play?
Did she not play?
Did it not play?
Did I not play?

FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

()

" ":
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+will / shall+V1
We shall play match.
They will meet you tomorrow.
He will play.
Will He, She, It, You They Shall I, we,

NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
He, She, It, You They Shall Not I, we,
Will Not
Syntax: Sub+will/shall+not+V1
They will not go to market.
I shall not play.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
will He, She, It, You They shall I, we,

Syntax: Will/Shall+sub+V1?
Shall I take breakfast?
Will she play?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Will/shall+sub+not+V1
Will washerman not iron the clothes?
Shall we not going for a walk?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

()

" :
"
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+is / am / are+V1+ing
Mohan is reading.
Children are playing.
I am playing.
Are We, You, They Is He, She, It, Am I
ing
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
We, You, They Is not He, She, It, Am not I
ing Are not
Syntax: Sub+is/am/are+not +V1+ing
They are not playing cricket.
He is not playing.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Are We, You, They Is He, She, It, Am I
ing

Syntax: Is/Am/Are+sub+V1+ing
Is he going?
Am I playing?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Is/Am/Are+sub+not+V1+ing
Are you not playing cricket?
Is it not playing?

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

()

" " :
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+was/were+V1+ing
Gita was making tea.
We were playing.
Were We, You, They Was He, She, It, I
ing
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
We, You, They was not He, She, It, I
ing were not
Syntax: Sub+was/were+not+V1+ing
You were not reading.
I was not playing cricket.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Were We, You, They was He, She, It, I
ing

Syntax: Was/Were+sub+V1+ing
Were they running?
Was she playing cricket?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Was/Were+sub+not+V1+ing
Were children not taking bath?
Was Adeel not playing cricket match?

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

()

" " :

SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+will/shall+be+V1+ing
He will be playing the match.
I shall be playing cricket match.
will be He, She, It, You They shall be I, We
ing
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
He, She, It, You, They shall not be I, We
ing will not be
Syntax: Sub+will/shall+not+be+V1+ing
We shall not be cooking food.
You will not be playing.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
will He, She, It, You, They shall I, We
ing

Syntax: Will/Shall+sub+be+V1+ing
Will Gardener be watering the plants?
Shall I be playing?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Will/Shall+sub+not+be+V1+ing
Will they not be going to see film?
Shall I not be playing?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

()

" :
"
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+has/have+V3
She has made tea.
We have played.
Has He, She, It, Have I, We, You, They

NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
Has not He, She, It, Have not I, We, You, They

Syntax: Sub+has/have+not+V3
They have not taken medicine.
He has not come since Monday.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Has He, She, It, Have I, We, You, They

Syntax: Has/Have+sub+V3
Have they slept?
Has it played?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Has/Have+sub+not+V3
Have you not done your home-work?
Has she not played?

PAST PERFECT TENSE

()

" " :
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+had+V3
We had watched TV.
The train had left by then.
Had He, She, It, I, We, You, They

NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
Had not He, She, It, I, We, You, They

Syntax: Sub+had+not+V3
I had not played.
Rakesh had not come for three months.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Had He, She, It, I, We, You, They

Syntax: Had+sub+V3
Had they won?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Had+sub+not+V3
Had they not washed the clothes?
Note: Mostly the sentences are made in this tense when an action completed before a point of
time in past:
i) The guests had not reached till Sunday.
ii) The movie had started before I reached home.
iii) She had completed her work before 3pm.

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

()

" :
"
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+will/shall+have+V3
Khan will have killed the snake.
The farmer will have ploughed in the fields.
Will have He, She, It, You They Shall have I, we,

NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
He, She, It, You They Shall not have I, we,
Will not have
Syntax: Sub+will/shall+not+have+V3
She will not have taken tea.
I shall not have played.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
will He, She, It, You They shall I, we,
have
Syntax: Will/shall+Sub+have+V3
Will she have won the match?
Shall we have played?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Will/shall+sub+not+have+V3
Will they have not gone to Rama's house?
Shall we not have played?

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

()

" " :
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+has/have+been+V1+ing+since/for
I have been reading since 5 O'clock.
She has been playing for four days.
Have been I, We, You, They Has been He, She, It,
ing
since for since tense :
for
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
I, We, You, They Has not been He, She, It,
ing Have not been
Syntax: Sub+has/have+not+been+V1+ ing+ Since/for.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Have I, We, You, They Has He, She, It,
ing been

Syntax: Has/Have+sub+been+V1+ing+since/for
Have you been working for ten minutes?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Has/Have+sub+not+been+VI+ing+since/for
Has she not been praying for five minutes?
Use of Since: (For point of time) 10am, 6 O'clock, morning, 21st May, January,2002, when,
then, yesterday, last year/month etc.
Use of For: (For period of time) 2 days, 4 minutes, 2 hours, 7 months, 3 years, many
days/months etc.

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

()

" " :
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Sub+had+been+V1+ing+since/for
She had been helping me for three years.
I had been playing since morning.
Had been He, She, It, I, We, You, They
ing
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
Had not been He, She, It, I, We, You, They
ing
Syntax: Sub+had+not+been+V1+ing+since/for
He had not been watching TV since noon.
It had not been playing for one day.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Had He, She, It, I, We, You, They
ing been

Syntax: Had+sub+been+V1+ing+since/for
Had they been gossiping for 2 hours?
Had she playing since night?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Had+sub+not+been+V1+ing+ since/for
Had you not been going to office for last two days?
Had they not been playing since morning?

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

()

" " :
SIMPLE SENTENCES:
Syntax::Sub+willshall+have+been+VI+ing +since/for
They will have been flying kites since 6 O'clock.
I shall have been playing since morning.
Will have been He, She, It, You They Shall have been I, we,
ing
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
He, She, It, You, They Shall not have been I, we
ing Will not have been
Syntax: Sub+willshall+not+have+been+V1+ing +since/for
Mehak will not have been waiting for 1 hour.
I shall not have been playing since morning.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
will He, She, It, You They shall I, we,
ing have been

Syntax: Will/shall+sub+have+been+V1+ing +since/for
Shall we have been writing since 10am?
Will it have been playing for one day?
NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
Syntax: Will/shall+sub+not+have+been +V1+ing+since/for
Will students not have been learning the lesson since morning?