Phn Mc lc

Trang
Phn m

Gii thiu v my sy thing quay

Phn mt

Tnh cng ngh

Tnh thi gian sy

Tnh th tch thng

Tnh chiu di v ng knh thng

Xc nh s vng quay ca thng

Cng sut cn thit lm quay thng

Lng m bc hi

Chn chii di thng

Phn hai

Tnh cn bng nhit thit b sy

10

Tnh hm nhit ti nhit t1

10

Tnh h s truyn nhit

12

Xc nh hiu s nhit trung bnh

17

Tn tht nhit ra mi trng

17

Tnh hm m ti nhit t2

17

Lng khng kh tiu hao ring

17

Lng tiu hao khng kh trong mt gi

17

Nhit lng tiu hao trong mt gi

17

Hm nhit ti nhit t2

17

10

Thit lp cn bng nhit

18

Tnh c kh

21

Trng lng vt liu nm trong thng

21

Phn ba
1

Trng lng thng

21

Trng lng vnh ai

21

Trng lng bnh rng

22

Trng lng cnh

22

Trng lng lp bo n

22

Trng lng ton b thng

22

Tnh b rng vnh ai v kch thc con

22

ln
9

Tnh con ln chn

25

10

Tnh bn thn thng

26

11

Chn qut v ng c

27

12

Tnh im t bnh rng vng

29

13

Tnh ca tho liu

30

Ti liu tham kho

32

Phn m u

gii thiu v my sy thng quay

Trong cng nghip ho cht v thc phm tch nc (m)
ra khi vt liu rn hay dung dch l mt qu trnh ph k
thut bin v rt quan trng .Vi mc ch : bo qun tt vt
liu hoc gim nng lng tiu tn trong qu trnh vn

chuyn vt liu hoc trong qu trnh gia cng tip theo. Tu

theo tnh cht v m ca vt liu, tu theo yu cu v
mc lm kh ca vt liu m ngi ta tin hnh cc phng
php tch m ra khi vt liu theo cc phng php nh l : phng php c hc , phng php ho l ,phng php nhit.
Trong phng php nhit l phng php dng nhit nng
lm bc hi nc ra khi vt liu v l phng php c s dng
rng ri nht trong cng nhgip v trong i sng .
Sy l qu trnh dng nhit nng lm bay hi nc ra
khi vt liu sy. Qu trnh ny c th tin hnh bay hI t
nhin bng nng lng t nhin nh nng lng mt tri, nng lng
gi,.. .. (gi l qu trnh phi hay sy t nhin). ding phng
php ny th tn nhit nng, nhng khng ch ng iu
chnh c tc ca qu trnh theo yu cu k thut , nng
sut thp,.. ..Bi vy trong cc ngnh cng nghip ngi ta
tin hnh qu trnh sy nhn to (dng ngun nng lng do
con ngi to ra) trong c phng php sy bng thng quay.
L sy thng quay l mt thit b kh thng dng n dc ding
sy rt nhiu vt liu trong cng nghip ho cht cng
nh trong cc ngnh cng nghip khc nh : sy ct, sy ng ,
sy than, sy ng cc,.. ..
u im ca my sy thng quay l : qu trnh sy u
n v mnh lit nh tip xc tt gia vt liu v tc nhn
sy. Cng sy ln c th t 100% kg m bay hi/m3h .
tuy nhin my sy thng quay cng c nhng nhc im l

vt liu b o trn nhiu nn d to bi do v vn, do

trong nhiu trng hp s lm gim cht lng sn phm.

Phn mt

TNH CNG NGH

1/ Tnh thi gian sy: (pht)

- Theo cng thc (10-5) sch hng dn tnh ton thit k
thit b my ho cht tp I. Ta c :
=

120. . .( 1 2 )
A. 200 ( 1 2 )

(pht)

Trong :
l in y (hay h s cha ca thng ph thuc
vo cnh
lptrong thng v tnh cht ca vt liu ) : chn = 0,15
l khi lng ring ca ht ng cc(chn ht thc): c
=750kg/m3
1 l m u ca ht: 1 =15%

2 l m cui ca ht: 2 = 0,5%

A l cng bc hi (kg/m3.h). A ph thuc vo tnh

cht caloi vt liu theo bng (VI-7)sch hng dn tnh ton
thit k thit b my ho cht tp I ta chn : A = 8,5kg/m 3.h
Suy ra :
=

120. . .( 1 2 )
120.0,15.750(15 0,5)
= 8,5. 200 (15 0,5)
A. 200 ( 1 2 )

= 124,8(pht)

2/ Tnh th tch thng: V(m3)

- Theo cng thc (6-2) sch c s thit k thit b sy ta
c:
G .

V = .1 .60 =

1270.124,8
750.0,15.60

= 23,5 (m3)

Trong :
G1 l nng sut thit b :G1=1270 (kg/h).

 l thi gian sy: =124,8(pht)

l khi lng ring ca ht : =750 (kg/m3).
h s cha ca thng =0.15.
3/ Tnh chiu di v ng knh thng.
- Theo tiu chun ta c :
L
D

=3,5 7 ta chn

L
D

=6,5.

- Theo cng thc (10-2) sch hng dn tnh ton thit b

ho cht tp I ta c:
V

L= .D 2

V
0,787.D 2

23,5
6,5.0,787

(m).

Suy ra :
D= 3

V
6,5.0,787

= 1,66 (m).

Suy ra :
L = 6,5.D = 6,5.1,66 = 10,8 (m).
- Theo bng tiu chun v quan h gia chiu di v ng knh thng ta chn:
L = 12 (m).
D = 1,8 (m).
4/ Xc nh s vng quay ca thng : n (vng/pht).
- Theo cng thc (10-4) sch hng dn tnh ton thit k
thit b my ho cht tp I ta c:

n =

m.k .L

.D.tg

(vng/pht)

Trong :
L l chiu di thng : L = 12 (m).
D l ng knh thng : D = 1,8 (m).
l thi gian sy : =124,8 9 (pht).
l gc nghing t thng ta chn: = 20
suy ra: tg = tg20 = 0,035.
m l h s ph thuc vo cu to thng trong thng c
lp cnh nng ta chn m = 0,5.
k l h s ph thuc vo phng thc sy v tnh cht
vt liu. Theo bng 8 sch hng dn tnh ton thit k thit
b my ho cht tp I ta c vi phng thc sy ngc chiu
chn k = 2.
Suy ra :
n =

m.k .L

.D.tg

0,5.2.12
124,8.1,8.0,035

= 1,5 3 (vng/pht).

5/ Cng sut cn thit lm quay thng : N (kw).

- Theo cng thc (10-8) sch hng dn tnh ton thit k
thit b my ho cht tp I ta c:
N = 0,0013.D3.L..b.n

(kw).

Trong :
b l h s cng sut ph thuc vo h s cha v loi
cnh trong thng .
vi h s cha = 0,15 ta c : b = 0,053.
L l chiu dI thng L = 12 (m).

D l ng knh thng D = 1,8 (m).

l khi lng ring ca ht = 750 (kg/m3).
Suy ra:
N = 0,0013.D3.L..b.n = 0,0013.1,83.12.750.0,053.1,53 =
5,4 (kw).
Suy ra cng sut ng c in l:
Nc = 1,1.N = 1,1.5,4 = 6 (kw).
6/ Lng m bc hi : W (kg/h).
- Theo cng thc (10-2) sch hng dn tnh ton thit k
thit b myha cht tp I ta c :
w1 w2

W = G1. 100 w (kg/h).

2
Trong :
G1 l nng sut thit b sy: G1 = 1270 (kg/h).
w1 l m u ca ht rn : w1 = 15%.
w2 l m cui ca ht rn : w2 = 0,5%.
Suy ra :
w1 w2

W = G1. 100 w = 1270.

2

15 0,5
100 0,5

= 185,075 (kg/h).

- Lng vt liu kh tuyt i nm trong thng sy : G k

(kg/h).
Gk = G1.

100 w1
100

= 1270.

100 15
100

= 1079,5 (kg/h).

- Khi lng vt liu sau khi sy : G2 (kg/h).

G2 = G1-W = 1270 185,075 = 1084,925 (kg/h).
7/ Chn chiu dy thng : s (m)

- Theo cng thc thc nghim (10-15) sch hng dn tnh

ton v thit k my ho cht ta c :
s = ( 0,007 0,01 ). D .
Ly :

s = 10 (mm) = 1,0 (cm) = 0,010 (m)

Phn hai

tnh cn bng nhit thit b sy

Vi :
to l nhit mi trng : t0 = 25oC .
wo l m mi trng : wo = 80 % .
t1 l nhit u kh sy : t1 = 126,7oC .
t2 l nhit sau kh sy: t2 = 73,3oC.
Vi to , wo nh trn tra bng ( I- x) trong s tay qu trnh
thit b cng ngh ho cht tp II ta tm c :
Hm nhit ti nhit to : Io=67 ( kj/kg k2kh).
Hm m ti nhit to : xo=0,016 ( kg/ kgk2kh ).
1/ Tnh hm nhit ti nhit t1 : I1 ( kj/kgk2kh ).
- Theo cng thc (8-6) sch my v thit b sy ta c :
I1 = t1 + ( 2493+ 1,97.t1 ).x1.
Vi hm m ti nhit t1 : x1 = xo = 0.016 (kg/kgkkkh).
Nhit u kh sy : t1 = 126,7oC
Suy ra :

I1 = t1 + ( 2493+ 1,97.t1 ).x1 = 126,7 +

(2493+1,97.126.7).0.016
=170,58 (kj/kgk2kh).
Theo cng thc (8-38) sch my v thit b sy ta c phng trnh cn bng nhit l :
q + qbs =l.( I2-I0) + qvl + qvc + q5 - 4,18.1.
Trong :
qbs l nhit do ngun bs t bn trong thit b sy :
qbs=0 .
qvl , qvc l nhit tiu ph nung nng vt liu v
thit b : qvc = 0 .
q5 l nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh .
4,18.1 l nhit do m mang vo .
- Theo cng thc (8-39) v (8-40) ta c nhit tiu hao
trong calopiple :
q = l.( I2 Io ) + qvl + q5 - 4,18.1
q = l.( I1 - Io ).
l l lng kh tiu hao ring.
1 l nhit u ca vt liu : chn 1 = 250C
Suy ra :
= l.( I2 - I1 ) = 4,18.1 - qvl - q5
M :

qvl =

G2 .C 2 .( 2 1 )
.
W

2 l nhit vt liu ra khi thng sy : 2=51,7oC.

10

Tra bng (I-143) s tay qu trnh v thit b trong cng

ngh ho hc ta c nhit dung ring ca vt liu :
C2=0,535 (kj/kg).
G2 l khi lng vt liu sau khi sy : G2=1084,925
(kg/h).
W l lng m bc hi :

W=185,075 (kg/h).

Suy ra :
qvl =

1084,925.0,535.(51,7 25)
G 2 .C 2 .( 2 1 )
=
= 83,7 (kj/kg).
185,075
W

- Theo cng thc (8-45) sch c s my v thit b ho

cht ta c nhit tn tht ra mi trng :
q5 =

3,6.k .F .t tb
(kj/kgm).
W

Trong :
F l b mt trao i nhit b mt ngoI ca thit b
sy :
F = .Dn.L + 2.0,785.Dn2
Dn l ng knh ngoi ca thng :
Dn = D + 2.S = 1,8 + 2.0,01 = 1,802
(m).
L l chiu di thit b : L=12 (m).
Suy ra :
F = .Dn.L + 2.0,785.Dn2 = 3,14 .1,82 .12 + 2.0,785.1.822 =
73,8 ( m2 ) .
2/ Tnh h s truyn nhit : k

11

Ta c:

k =

1
1

1

1
2

Trong :
1 , 2 l h s truyn nhit i lu t tc nhn sy ti
thnh thit b v t thnh ngoi thit b n mi trng .
2.1/ Tnh 1 :
1 = k.( 1 + 1 )
1 l h s cp nhit t khng kh n thnh thit b
do i lu cng bc ph thuc vo ch chuyn ng ca
khng kh.
1 l h s cp nhit i lu t nhin.
a / tnh 1 :
Ta c chun s Re : Re =

w.Dt

Chn vn tc dng kh vo l : w =1,5 (m/s).

Nhit trung bnh ca dng kh :
ttb =

t1 t 2
2

126,7 73,3
2

= 100oC.

Tra bng (I-255) s tay qu trnh v thit b trong cng

ngh ho hc tp I ta c :
= 306.10-4 (w/m.).
= 2,3.10-5 (m2/s).
Suy ra :
Re =

w.Dt

1,5.1,8
2,3.10 5

Suy ra dng chy xoy.

12

= 1,2.10

> 104

Chun s Nu : Nu = 0,018.Re0,8.1
Ta c t s

L
D

12
1,8

= 6,66

tra bng 13 sch c s

1 =1,15.

my v thit b ho cht c :
Suy ra :
Nu = 0,018.Re

0,8

.1 = 0,018.(1,2.105)0,8.1,15 =

243,8 .
Mt khc ta c :
Nu =

1' .D

suy ra 1 =

Nu.
D

243,8.306.10 4
1,8

= 4,1

b/ Tnh 1 :
Ta c : chun s Nu: Nu = 0,47.Gr0,25 .
Trong :

Gr =

g .D 3

Gi s nhit trung bnh ca thnh thit b l : 70o C.

Suy ra nhit lp ngn cch : t =

100 70
2

= 85o C.

Tra bng (I-255) s tay qu trnh v thit b trong cng

ngh ho hc tp ta c :
= 3,09.10-2 (w/m).
= 21,5.10-6 (N.s/m2).
Suy ra :
Gr =

g .D 3

. =

9,81.1,8 3
( 21,5.10 6 ) 2

100 70

. 100 273 = 102.108

Suy ra :
Nu = 0,47.(102.108 )0,25 = 149 .

13

Mt khc ta c :

Nu =

D. 1''

Suy ra :
1'' =

Nu.
D

149.3,09.10 2
1,8

= 2,4

c/ Tnh h s k :
Ta c : k = 1,2 1,3

chn k = 1,25

suy ra :
1 = k.( 1 + 1 ) = 1,25.( 4,1 + 2,4 ) = 8,12
(w/m2 ).
2.2/ Tnh 2 :
Ta c :

2 = ( 2 + 2 )

2 l h s cp nhit t thnh ngoi ca thing n mi

trng xung quanh.
2 l h s cp nhit bc x.
a/ Tnh 2 :
Ta c nhit mi trng : tmt = 25o C.
Nhit lp cch nhit ngoi thng chn : tth = 300C.
Suy ra nhit lp bin gii gia khng kh v thnh
thit b l :
tbg =

t th t mt
2

30 25
2

= 27,5oC.

Tra bng (I-255) s tay qu trnh v thit b trong cng

ngh ho hc tp I ta c :
= 2,65.10-2 (w/m.).
= 15,92.10-6 (m2/s).

14

- Xc nh b dy cn thit ca lp cch nhit: chn vt

liu cch nhit l bng thu tinh c:
2 = 0,12 (w/m.0C).
1 = 3 = 45,5 (w/m.0C) {ca st}
B dy thng : b = s = 10 (mm).
B dy v bo v : bs = 1 (mm).
Nhit thnh thng : t2 = t1 = 700C.
Nhit lp v bo v : t4 = t3 = 300C.
Nhit lu ring : q1 = .Dt.qtr = .Dt.1.( tdk - tth )
Dt l ng knh trong ca thng : Dt = 1.8 (m).
1 l h s truyn nhit i lu t tc nhn sy ti thnh
thit b :
1 = 8,12
tth l nhit trung bnh ca thnh thit b : tth = 70oC
tdk l nhit trung bnh ca dng kh : tdk = 100oC.
Suy ra :
q1 = .Dt.1.( tdk - tth ) = 3,14.1,8.8,12.(100 - 70) =
1376,8 (w/m2).
- Theo cng thc n gin Ta c :
2

q1 = b ..Dtb.( t2 - t3 )
2
m

Dtb = Dt + 2.s + o,5.b2 = 1,8+2.0,01+0,5.b2

Vi b2 l b dy lp v bo n.
2

Suy ra : q1 = b ..Dtb.( t2 - t3 )
2

15

0,12
b2

1376,8 =

.3,14.(1,8 + 2.0,01 + 0,5.b2 ).(100

- 30)

1363.b2 = 48,27
b2 = 0,035 (m) = 3,5 (cm) = 35

(mm).
ng knh ngoI ca thit b :
Dn = Dt + 2.s + 2.b2 + 2.bs
=1,8 + 2.0,01 + 2.0,035 + 2.0,001 = 1,892
(m).
Suy ra :
g .D 3

Gr = 2 . =

9,81.1,892 3
(15,92.10 6 ) 2

30 25

. 25 273 = 44.108

Suy ra :
Nu = 0,47.Gr0,25 = 0,47.( 44.108 )0,25 = 121
Mt khc :

2' .D
Nu =

Suy ra :

2 =

Nu.
D

121.2,65.10 2
1,902

= 1,7 (w/m2 oC).

b/ Xc nh h s cp nhit bc x: 2
2 = n.Co.[ (

T1 4
) +
100

= 0,95.5,76. .[ (

T2 4
) ]
100

/ (T1 - T2)

273 30 4
273 25 4
)
+(
)
100
100

]/(30 - 25) =

5,9 (w/m2 oC).

Suy ra :
2 = ( 2+2 ) = 1,7 + 5,9 = 7,6 (w/m2 0C).

16

Suy ra :
K =

1
1

1

1
2

1
= 1 b1 b3 b2 1 =
1
1
2 2

1
1
0,01 0,001 0,035
1

8,12
45,5
0,12
7,6

= 0,997 1

3/ Xc nh hiu s nhit trung bnh:

tln = t1 - to = 126,7 - 25 = 101,7oC
tb = t2 - t0 = 73,3 - 25 = 48,3oC
Trong :
t1 l nhit u kh sy : t1 = 126,7oC.
t2 l nhit sau kh sy : t2 = 73,3oC
to l nhit mi trng : to = 25oC.
ttb

t ln t b
101,7 48,3

t
= 2,3. lg ln = 2,3. lg 101,7 = 71,79oC.
48,3
t b

4/ Tn tht nhit ra mi trng

q5 =

3,6.k .F .t tb
W

3,6.1.73,8.71,79
185,075
=
= 102 (kj/kgm)

Trong :
k l h s truyn nhit : k= 1
F l b mt ngoI ca thit b sy : F = 73,8 (m2)
W l lng m bc hi : W = 185,075 (kg/h)
5/ Tnh hm m ti nhit t2 :

x2

- Theo cng thc (VII-24) s tay qu trnh v thit b

trong cng ngh ho hc tp I ta c :

17

 = 4,18.1 - qvl - q5 = 4,18.25 - 83,7 102 =

-81,2 (kj/kgm)
4,18.1 l nhit do m mang vo: 1= 25oC
qvl l nhit tiu ph d nung nng vt liu : qvl = 83,7
(kj/kgm)
q5 l nhit tn tht ra mi trng : q5 = 102 (kj/kgm)
Suy ra hm m ti nhit t2 :
x2 =

I x0 C k .t 2
(r0 C h .t 2 )

170,56 81,2 0,016.73

81,2 ( 2493 1,97.73)

= 0,089(kgm/kgkkkh)
Trong :
t2 l nhit sau kh sy .
I l hm nhit ti nhit t1 ca kh vo.
6/ Lng khng kh tiu hao ring :
l =

1
x2 x0

1
0,089 0,016

= 13,7 (kgkkkh/kgm).

7/ Lng tiu hao khng kh trong mt gi :

L = W.l = 185,05.13,7 = 253,5 (kg/h).
W l m bc hi.
8/ Nhit lng tiu hao trong mt gi :
Q = L.(I1 Io) = 253,5.(170,56 67 ) = 26.104 (w)
9/ Hm nhit yi nhit t2 :

I2

I2 = I1 + /l = 170,56 - 81,2/13,7 = 164

(kj/kgkkkh).
I0 , I1 l hm nhit ti nhit t0 , t1 .
10/ Thit lp cn bng nhit:

18

u vo:
- Theo khng kh :
q = I0.l = 67.13,7 = 917,9 (kj/kgm).
- m vt liu:
q = 4,18.1 = 4,18.25 = 104,5 (kj/kgm).
- Vt liu :
q=

G2
W

.Cvl.1.

Theo cng thc (8-42) sch my v thit b sn xut ho

cht tp II ta c :
Cvl = Ck.

100 w1
100

=1,211.

+ 4,18.

100 15
100

w1
100

+ 4,18.

15
100

= 1,656

(kj/kgoC)
w1 l m u ht rn : w=15%
Ck l nhit dung ring ht rn: Ck= 1,211 (kj/kg0C)
Suy ra :
q=

G2
W

.Cvl.1 =

1084,925
185,075

.1,656.25 = 242,7

(kj/kgm)
qcl = l.(I1 Io) = 13,7.(170,56 - 67) = 1448,8
(kj/kgm)
Vy tng nhit lng u vo :

19

q = 2723,9 (kj/kgm).
u ra :
q = l.I2 = 13,7.164 = 2236 (kj/kgm).
- Vt liu :
q=

G2
W

.Cvl.1

Theo cng thc (8-42) sch my v thit b sn xut ho

cht tp II ta c :
Cvl = Ck.

100 w2
100

= 1,211.

+ 4,18.

100 0,5
+
100

w2
100

4,18.

0,5
100

= 1,24

(kj/kg0C).
w2 l m cui ht rn : w2=0,5%
Ck l nhit dung ring ht rn: Ck = 1,211 (kj/kg0C)
Suy ra :
q=

G2
W

.Cvl.1 =

1084,925
185,075

.1,24.25 = 363 (kj/kgm)

qtt = q5 = 102 (kj/kgm)

Tng lng nhit u ra :
q = 2701 (kj/kgm).

20

Phn ba

tnh c kh

1/ Trng lng vt liu nm trong thng:

Qvl =

G1 .g
60

. =

1270.9,81
.124,8
60

= 25,9.103 (N).

Trong :
G1 l cng sut sy ht rn: G1 = 1270 (kg/h).
g l gia tc trng trng: g = 9,81 (m/s2).

l thi gian sy: = 124,8 (pht).

2/ Trng lng thng :
.( Dn2 Dt2 )
Qt =
.L.
4

Vi :
Vt liu lm thng l thp CT3 suy ra : = 7850
(kg/m3).
Dn l ng knh ngoi ca thng: Dn = 1,83 (m).

21

Dt l ng knh trong ca thng : Dt = 1.8 (m).

L l chiu di thng : L = 12 (m).
Suy ra :
.( Dn2 Dt2 )
3,14.(1,83 2 1,8 2 )
Qt =
.L. =
.12.7850
4
4

= 8057 (kg) = 7,9.104

(N).
3/ Trng lng vnh ai :
Vi thng c ng knh l D = 1,8 (m) th trng lng vnh
ai xc nh chun l :

Q = 8780 (N)

4/ Trng lng bnh rng :

Chn s b :

Qr = Q = 8780 (N)

5/ Trng lng cnh :

Chn :

Qc = 1500 (N)

6/ Trng lng lp bo n :
Ta c :

Qb =

.( Dn

Dt2 ) .L.

btt

Trong :
btt l khi lng ring ca bng thu tinh : btt = 200
(kg/m3).
L l chiu di thng : L = 12 (m).
Dn , Dt l ng knh ngoi , ng knh trong ca thng.
Dn = 1,892 (m)
Dt = 1,8

(m)

Suy ra :

22

Qb =

3,14
4

.(1,892 2 1,8 2 ) .12.200 = 492 (kg) = 4826,5

(N).
7/ Trng lng ton b thng :
Q = Qvl + Qt + Q + Qr + Qc + Qb
= 25900 + 79000 + 8780 + 8780 + 1500 +
4826.5
= 128788 (N)
8/ Ti trng trn mt vnh ai :
Q = Q/2.cos = 128788/2.cos2o = 64354,8
(N)
9/ Tnh b rng ai v kch thc ca con ln :
- Theo cng thc (5-30) trong gio trnh c s tnh ton
my ho cht v thc phm ta c phn lc ca con ln :
T=

Q'
3

64354,8
3

= 37155,3 (N).

- Theo cng thc (5-33) trong gio trnh c s tnh ton

my ho cht v thc phm ta c b rng ai :
B

T
Pr

Thng quay chm. C : Pr = 1.104 (N/cm2)

Suy ra :
B

T
Pr

37155,3
= 3,7 (cm)
10 4

Chn s b ng knh trong ca vnh ai :

Dv = (1,1 1,2).Dt

ly Dv = 2 (m)

Theo tiu chun vnh ai c ng knh : Dv = 2 (m)

chn : B = 135 (mm)

23

Vi thng nng ly : h = B/2,6 = 135/2,6 = 52 (mm).

Kim tra :
Ta c : M men un :
Lp t do :

Mu = 2.T.R.A = T.Dv.A

A = 0,080,09
Mu = T.Dv.A = 37155,3.2.102.0.08 = 594.103

(Ncm)

Vnh ai c cu to t thp c c ng sut cho php :

[] = 15600 (N/cm2).
M men chng un :
M

W = [ u] =
Mt khc ta c :

W=

594.10 3
15600

= 38,1 ( cm3 ).

B.h 2
6

Suy ra :
h

6.W
B

6.38
13

= 4,2 (cm)

Vy theo tiu chun ta chn vnh ai c tit din :

B h = 135 115
Theo cng thc (5-34) sch gio trnh c s tnh ton
my ho cht v thc phm ta c b rng con ln :
Bc = B + 30 = 135 + 30 = 165 (mm) = 16,5 (cm).
Chn s b con ln : con ln bng thp theo cng thc
(5-36) sch gio trnh c s tnh ton my ho cht v thc
phm ta c :
dc

T
(300 400).Bc

37155,3
400.16,5

Kim tra :

24

= 5,6 (cm)

Theo cng thc (5-37) sch gio trnh c s tnh ton

my ho cht v thc phm ta c : 0,25.D dc 0,33.D
Vi D l ng knh ngoi ca ai :
D = Dv + 2.0,001 = 2 + 0,002 = 2,002 (m).
Suy ra :

0,25.D dc 0,33.D

0,25.2,002 dc 0,33.2,002
50 (cm) dc 66 (cm)
Vy chn : dc = 50 (cm)
ng knh c trc con ln : 75 (mm).
ng knh c trc con ln chn : d = 70 (mm).
Theo cng thc (10-20) sch hng dn tnh ton v thit
k my ho cht ta c :
p =

T
B

37155,3
13,5

= 2752,2 (N/cm)

Theo cng thc (10-26) sch hng dn tnh ton v thit

k my ho cht ta c :
max = 0,418.

P.E.

Rr
R.r

Trong :
R l bn knh trong ca vnh ai : R = 100 (cm).
r l bn knh ca con ln : r = 50/2 = 25 (cm).
Suy ra :
max = 0,418.

P.E.

Rr
R.r

= 0,418.

2752,2.1,75.10 7 .

100 25
100.25

= 2,05.104 (N/cm2)
Vy vnh ai bn v :
max []CT5 = 60000 ( N/cm2 )

25

10/ Tnh con ln chn :

Lc ln tc dng :

Um = Q.(sin +f )

Vi :
f l h s ma st : f = 0,1
Q l trng lng ton b thng : Q = 128788 (N).
l gc nghing t thng : = 20
Suy ra :
Um = Q.(sin+f ) = 128788.(sin20+0,1 ) = 17373,4
(N)
Thng quay nng nn dng con ln chn mt nn : c cc
thng s
- Na gc nh nn : tg1 =

r
R

Trong :
R l bn knh trong ca vnh ai : R = 100 (cm).
r l bn knh ca con ln : r = 50/2 = 25 (cm).
Suy ra : tg1 =

r
R

25
100

= 0,25

1 = 140

- Lc tc dng ln mt n v chiu di tip xc : P

(N/cm2).
P =

U max
l

Chn chiu di tip xc : l = 50 (cm).

Umax l lc ln tc dng : Umax = 17373,4 (N).
P =

U max
l

17373,4
50

26

= 347,5 (N/cm2)

ng sut cc i khi vnh ai tip xc vi con ln mt

nn :
P.E
R

max = 0,418 .

= 0,418.

347,5.1,75.10 7
100

= 3,26.103

(N/cm2 )
R l bn knh trong ca vnh ai : R = 100 (cm).
Vy con ln bn v : max []CT5 = 60000 (N/cm2).
11/ Tnh bn thn thng :
Khong kch gia hai vnh ai :
l = 0,586.L = 0,586.12 = 7,032 (m) = 703,2
(cm).
L l chiu di thng: L = 12 (m).
TI trng trn mt n v chiu di thng ( khng k khi
lng bnh rng vng):

q =

Q Qr
L

Q l trng lng ton b thng : Q = 128788 (N)

Qr l trng lng bnh rng vng : Qr = 8780 (N)
L l chiu di thng : L = 12 (m) = 1200 (cm)
q =

Q Qr
L

128788 8780
1200

= 100 (N/cm).

M men un do ti trng gy ra :
M1 = Mu1

q.l d2
100.(703,2) 2
=
=
= 618.104 (N.cm).
1200
L

M men un do bnh rng vng gy ra :

M2 =

G r .l d
4

8780.703,2
4

= 154,4.104 (N).

Qr l trng lng bnh rng vng : Qr = 8780 (N).

27

Tng m men un :
Mu = M1 + M2 = 618.104 + 154,4.104 = 772,4.104
(N.cm)
M men chng un ca thng :
W =

.D 2
4

.s =

3,14.180 2
4

.1 = 25434 (cm3 )

D l ng knh trong ca thng : D = 1,8 (m) = 180

(cm)
s l b dy thng : s = 10 (mm) = 1 (cm).
ng sut thn thng :
=

Mu
W

772,4.10 4
25434

= 303,7 (N/cm2)

Suy ra : []CT3 = 40000 (N/cm2).

Vy vi chiu dy thng s=10 (mm) thng bn.
{c th chn s nh i theo tiu chun }
12/ Chn qut v chn ng c :
a/ Chn ng c.
Vi cng sut ng c : Nc = 6 (kw) ta chn :
- Kiu ng c : 4A160S8Y3 c cng sut bng 7,5
(kw).
- Vn tc quay : nc = 730 (vng/pht).
- Cos = 0,75
- Hiu sut : = 86%
-

Tmax
Tdn

Tk
Tdn

= 2,2
= 1,4

28

Suy ra : T s truyn :

u =

n dc
n

730
1,53

= 477

Chn hp gim tc hai cp trc vt bnh rng c t s

truyn : uh = 80
T s truyn ca bnh rng vng :

uv =

477
80

= 5,96

b/ chn qut.
Khi lng ring ca khng kh 126,7oC : 1 = 1,093
kg/m3
Khi lng ring ca khng kh 51,7oC : 2 = 0,898Kg/m3
Th tch ring u vo v u ra :
1

v01 = = 0,915 (m3)

1
1

v02 = = 1,114 (m3)

2
Vn tc dng kh u vo v u ra :
v1 =
v2 =

4.V1
= 2,1 (m/s)
.D 2
4.V2
= 1,1 (m/s)
.D 2

Th tch kh u vo v u ra ca thit b :
V1 = v01.L = 2535,5 ( m3 )
V2 = v01.L = 2823,5 ( m3 )
p sut thu tnh ton phn khc phc tr lc :
pt =

2 .v2 1.v1

p suet ng : p =

2.g
2
2. g

= 190 (mm ct nc )

. = 10 (mm.H2O)

Vy ct p ca qut :

29

p = pt + p = 200 (mm.H2O)
Vy chn qut s 6 c :
Hiu sut : = o,66
Cng sut : N = 0,17 (kw)
ng c in :A-21/6
S vng quay : n = 1450 (v/p)
Cng sut : N = 1 (kw)
Suy ra s vng quay ca qut :
n = 1450/6 = 242 (v/p)
13/ Tnh im t bnh rng vng :
Gi thit thng nh mt dm t ln hai gi , hai u
l dm cng xn chu tc dng ca ti trng phn b u
q:
Vi q l ti trng ring ca ton b thng trn mt n v
chiu di :
q = 100 (N/cm).
Xc nh phn lc yA , yB hai gi :
YA = yB =

q.L
2

100.1200
2

= 60000 (N).

Ta xc nh im C1 , C2 ti m men un = 0
Gi s ct dm ti (1-1)
q
1
1

30

yA

yB

l1

l2

l1

C1

C2

y = yA - Qy - q.( l1 + z ) = 0
M1 = Mx + q.

(l z ) 2
2

T (2) suy ra : Mx = yA.z -

- yA.z = 0

q.(l z ) 2
2

(1)
(2)

= 0 ti C = 0

q.(l1 z ) 2
yA.z =0
2

Vi

l1 =

L ld
2

q.L
2

L.z
2

q.(l12 2.l1 .z z 2 )
.z =0
2

z2
l12
- l1.z - 1 = 0
2
2

z2 - (L - 2.l1).z + l12 = 0

z2 - (12 - 2.2,484).z + (2,484)2 =0

12 7,032
2

= 2,484 ( m )

L l chiu di thit thng : L = 12 (m).

l l khong cch gia hai vnh ai.
Suy ra :

z2 - 7,032.z + 6,170 = 0
z1 = 6,002 (m)
z2 = 1,03 (m)

Vy C1 cch A l 1,03 (m)

31

C2 cch B l 1,03 (m).

Chn im t bnh rng vng l C2.
13/ Tnh ca tho liu :
Kch thc ti a ca cnh hnh vung : a hoc ng
knh l tho liu xc nh theo cng thc (14-2) sch hng
dn tnh ton v thit k my ho cht :
a k0.(a0 + 80).tg0
k0 l h s thc nghim vi vt liu cng loi c : k o = 2,4
ao l kch thc ln nht ca ht vt liu : ao = 10 (mm).
0 l gc nghing t nhin vt liu tra bng 4 sch hng
dn tnh ton v thit k my ho cht c : 0 = 30o tg30o

= 0,577
suy ra : a k0.(ao + 80).tgo = 2,4.(10 + 80).0,577 =

124,7 (mm)
Vy chn kch thc l tho liu : 300 300
Kim tra kch thc l liu theo kh nng chy qua l ca
vt liu theo cng thc (14-4) sch hng dn tnh ton v
thit k my ho cht :
V = 3600.F.v
Trong :
V l nng sut cn thit.
F l din tch l tho c k n kch thc cc vt liu :
F = (a - ao)2 = (124,7 10)2 = 13158 (mm) = 13.10-3
(m2).

32

v l vn tc tho liu Bunke i vi vt liu ri xc

nh theo cng thc (14-5) sch hng dn tnh ton v thit
k my ho cht :
v = .

3,2.g.

F
S

(m/s).

Trong : = 0,3 0,5 i vi vt liu dng cc.

S l chu vi l tho : S = 1200 (mm)
F l din tch l tho liu : F = 13.10-3 (m2 )
Suy ra :
v = .

3,2.g.

F
S

= 0,292 (m/s)

Suy ra :
V = 3600.F.v = 3600.13.10-3.0,292 = 13,6 (m3/h)

33

TI liu tham kho

1/ S tay qu trnh v thit b trong cng
ngh ho hc tp I,II
2/ Hng dn tnh ton v thit k thit b
ho cht.
3/ Tnh ton qu trnh , thit b trong cng
ngh ho cht v thc phm.
4/ Gio trnh c s tnh ton my ho cht.
5/ My v thit b ho cht.

34

35

36