Instrument" (EPI).

The Recommendation of the European Commission

Existing (Jan 23, 2014)
payment instrument, being an instrument that enables a holder
Existing (Nov 23, 2007)
an institution, hereby payment is alloed to be made to
Existing (Aug 2, 1997)
applications." This classifies an user ith a different
Existing (Apr 13, 2005)
! Possible Type of "ata stored in #agnetic $tripe
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
#ainly magnetic strip hold the folloing information%
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
! Process of $toring "ata in #agnetic $tripe Card
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
trac& one and to. 'ut third trac& is not alays used. Trac&
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not alays used. Trac& three mainly intended to support offline
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transactions. #agnetic $tripe has the data ith (arying
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(arying densities. "ifferent encoding techni)ues are used to
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! *lgorithm use for Card +umber ,eneration
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
and encoding. It is also called mod -. algorithms. Card
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-. algorithms. Card number must be -/ to -0 digits. *nd
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to -0 digits. *nd the last digit is the chec& digit. To
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the chec& digit. To calculate chec& "igit%
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! #ultiply all the digits in odd positions (The
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! If any one is greater than 1 subtract 1 from
Existing (Mar 1, 2007)
! *dd the e(en numbered digits (the second, fourth,
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multiple of -.. $o if you got 02 in the pre(ious step the
Existing (!t 23, 2005)
digit ould be 3. 4ou can calculate the digit in code using
Existing (!t 23, 2005)
5or Credit Card +umber 6alidation use -. mod *lgorithm%
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
5irst step% number is re(ersed 7 then e(ery second
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magnetic strip card. It is also a data carrier hich electronically
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
and rites data. *T# cards mainly a debit card.
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the cardholder. *T# card mainly ha(e to things encoded
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arbitrary bytes. That is decided by the ban& ho it is generated
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
generated and used. *lso the *T# card contains%
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The *T# Card storage 8Record 5ormat consists of%
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TR*C9 -8 International *ir Transport *ssociation
Existing (Mar 2", 2005)
#I+T$ : #utual Institutions +ational Transfer $ystem
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I$; : International $tandards ;rgani<ation
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! Intended for off8host application and for on8host
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! 5or *T# card, e(ery customer has to open an account
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! +eed to fill up a re)uisition form for *T#="ebit
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
ood
5irst si> digits are fi>ed for 'an& customers,
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Regional code is used for distinguish beteen different
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
of transaction. *s people do not feel comfortable to carry
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
nearby *T# machine, insert their *T# card, and ta&e the re)uired
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
re)uired amount. *s these *T# machines are found in most
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
supermar&ets, tons, and e(en hotels.
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
host processor. The host processor is necessary so that
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
re)uesting the cash. The Internet $er(ice Pro(ider (I$P) also
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in this action. They act as the gateay to the intermediate
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
There are mainly to types of *T#?s hich differ
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has a @8ire, point to point dedicated telephone line
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host processor. These types of machines are preferred in
&'$!( )n *$tai+
(olume is high. They are considered high end and the operating
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
toll free number. *s these are normal connections their initial
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
! Input and output de(ices of the #achine
Existing (Mar 12, 2011)
transactions. *T# is simply a data terminal ith to input
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output de(ices. Ai&e any other data terminal, the *T# has
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
to connect to, and communicate through, a host processor.
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
or credit card. The host processor uses this information
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
(cash ithdraal, balance in)uiry, etc.) and for hat amount.
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
for hat amount. *lso, the ban& re)uires the cardholderBs
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
transaction process. Aeased8line machines commonly use a monochrome
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
tube) display. "ial8up machines commonly use a monochrome
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
cash8dispensing mechanism. The entire bottom portion of most small
,$su+ts- 3./ 0ni1u$ &ont$nt
the card holder. This information is passed on to the host
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
the *T# machine. The host processor chec&s these details
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
authori<ed ban&. If the details are found correct, the re)uested
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found correct, the re)uested cash by the card holder is
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processor?s account. *fter this function is carried out, the
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is carried out, the processor sends an appro(al code to
Existing (#$% 13, 2010)
be transferred. 'asically *T#
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Cnits are connected to host computer and host
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all the ban&s. Total *T# maintenance, e)uipment facilities
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pro(ided by +P. *lso card issue, report etc are pro(ided
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*T# connection. *s 5iber optic gi(en highest data rate that
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are less costly. 'ut the throughput rate is lo as it is
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strongly needed. *T# is connected to host computer and the
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up using modem. $ome places here ;utput is (ery important
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
is important. Dost computer mainly or& as a gateay beteen
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connection is E.3F. It is a pac&et sitch data netor& protocol
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
to end systems. E.3F netor& de(ices fall into / general
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! "TE de(ices% PC or netor& hosts (subscribers)
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! P$+% are sitches 7 transfer data to "TE to "TE
Existing (Jan 2, 2010)
consistency of actions, (alues, methods, measures, principles, and
Existing (Nov 20, 200.)
measures, principles, and outcomes. Communication systems chec&
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security attac&s. $ome integrity functions used for security
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error control, since there are similarities beteen the
Existing (Ju+ 15, 1999)
the purposes. Therefore it is essential to chec& the integrity
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The security of *T# transactions relies mostly
Existing (Jan 27, 2012)
#an8in8the8middle attac&s, here criminals ha(e attached fa&e &eypads
Existing (#$% 15, 2009)
e>isting machines. These ha(e then been used to record customersB
Existing (2$p 1., 2007)
common feature. *T#s include many functions hich are not
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ban& account, such as%
Existing (Nov 3, 200.)
recognition, acceptance, and recycling
Existing (Ma3 2., 2014)
ta>es (utilities, phone bills, $ecurity, etc)
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! Aoading monetary (alue into stored (alue cards
Existing (Mar 24, 2011)
problem domain, ith the aim of producing a conceptual model
Existing (Ma3 14, 2014)
being analy<ed. The identified obGects reflect entities
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system should loo&. It analyses the structure and substructure
Existing (2$p 1", 2010)
based on obGects, attributes, operations and relationships.
Existing (2$p 1", 2010)
in 5igure /8@, the 'an& Customer can ithdra cash from
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from an account, transfer funds beteen accounts, or deposit
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
beteen accounts, or deposit funds to an account. These correspond
Existing (#$% 1, 2001)
to an account. These correspond to specific goals that
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ithdra from. The system (erifies that it has sufficient
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
Pre8conditions% The customer must ha(e a (alid
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
Post8conditions% The customer recei(es the amount
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The customerBs account balance is updated in the
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
'an& that ons *T#% (If not the same as the customerBs
Existing (2$p 10, 200.)
*T# *dministrator% Hants to ensure that the *T#
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
The customer inserts *T# card into the *T# machine
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
The system (alidates the *T# card and PI+.
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
The customer selects the BCash HithdraalB option
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The system prompts the customer to enter the amount
Existing (2$p 10, 200.)
the transaction, and as&s the customer if he or she ants
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
Receipts $creen. The system eGects the *T# card, pro(ides
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the *T# card, pro(ides the cash, prints the receipt and
Existing (2$p 10, 200.)
enter a (alid PI+. If *T# card is not compatible8The system
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error message. The customer has entered an amount that
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The system reGects the transaction 7 displays an
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
to deposit to. If the transaction is appro(ed, the machine
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
transaction is appro(ed, the machine accepts from the customer containing
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Pre8conditions% The customer must ha(e a (alid
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
has deposited. The customerBs account balance is updated
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
Customer% Hants )uic&, accurate ithdraal of cash.
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
'an&% Hants to gi(e fast, accurate and reliable
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
*T# *dministrator% Hants to ensure that the *T#
Existing (Mar 31, 2010)
relationships disco(ered. If a class uses another class as a collaborator,
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collaborator, or sends a message to an obGect of that
Existing (#$% 1, 2002)
an interaction, then there must either be an association
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those classes, lin&ing the "sending" class to an obGect
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system should or&. It analyses the system beha(ior, including
Existing (2$p 1", 2010)
system beha(ior, including se)uence and collaboration diagrams,
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
collaboration diagrams, acti(ity diagram, and state diagram.
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
beteen states, and a condition of that transition occurring
Existing (Apr 1, 2002)
s)uare braced. This condition is called a guard as shon
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5igure /80 $tate "iagrams for *T# $ystem
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5igure /8I $tate "iagrams for Transaction
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Collaboration "iagram. Interactions beteen obGects are represented
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
an association. The order of the messages along the lin&s
Existing (Apr 1, 2002)
time se)uence. Hithin a se)uence diagram an obGect is shon
Existing (!t 22, 200.)
bo> at the top. The se)uence diagram of the abo(e C#A class
Existing (!t 22, 200.)
transactions. The communication beteen to obGects represented
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
on that arro, the (ertical lines sho the life of the
Existing (!t 22, 200.)
#odeling Aanguage, depicts ho components are ired together
Existing (Jan 25, 2009)
softare systems. Components diagrams can be used to illustrate
&'$!( )n *$tai+
deployment targets. "eployment diagrams sho the allocation
&'$!( )n *$tai+
beteen them. "eployment of an artifact to a node is indicated
Existing (Mar ", 2012)
The barriers for implementing *T# units are number
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! #ar&et si<e and business re(enue for the (endors
Existing (Nov 23, 2007)
! Hho ill be the "ultimate" recogni<ed certification
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! Do ill the minimum (security) re)uirements
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than at a P;$, has recently become more idespread. Recent
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more idespread. Recent occurrences of *T# fraud range from
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modifications to di(ert, or trap the dispensed currency.
Existing (2$p 10, 2002)
effecti(e polices, procedures, and controls to meet the ne
Existing (!t 22, 2003)
by e8ban&ing. There are three basic types of *T# attac&s
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! *ttempts to steal a customerJs ban& card information
Existing (2$p 7, 2009)
! Computer and +etor& attac&s against *T#Js to
Existing (2$p 7, 2009)
customerBs card. * later (ariant of this approach is to trap
Existing (Nov 5, 2011)
Aebanese loop. Hhen the customer gets frustrated by not
Existing (*$! 23, 2010)
from the machine, the criminal is able to remo(e the card
Existing (#$% 15, 2009)
customerBs account. 'y contrast, a high8tech method of operating
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the userBs PI+. Card data is then cloned onto a second card
Existing (#$% 22, 2012)
cash ithdraal. The a(ailability of lo8cost commodity ireless
Existing (#$% 22, 2012)
form of fraud, ith comparati(ely lo ris& to the fraudsters.
Existing (#$% 22, 2012)
the fraudsters. 5raud at the *T#, although more difficult
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than at a P;$, has become more idespread. Recent occurrences
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modifications to di(ert, or trap the dispensed currency.
Existing (2$p 10, 2002)
on to function, are the targets of fraud. 5raud against
Existing (Apr 15, 2012)
se(eral forms. In some cases, ban& frauds occur at *T#s
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denomination, therefore gi(ing the customer more money
Existing (#$% 12, 2011)
be dispensed. *T# beha(ior change during hat is called
&'$!( )n *$tai+
"stand8in" time, here the ban&Bs cash dispensing netor&
Existing (Ju+ 1, 2009)
maintenance). In order to gi(e customers access to cash,
Existing (Mar 15, 2012)
access to cash, customers are alloed to ithdra cash up
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ithdraal limit, but still e>ceed the amount of a(ailable
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their account, resulting in fraud. $ome 5rauds related
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captured card, the criminal, usually in close pro>imity
Existing (2$p 10, 2002)
pro>imity of the *T#, offer support, suggesting the user enter
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the PI+ again, so that he or she is able to (ie the entry
Existing (Nov 2., 200")
remember the PI+. *fter the consumer lea(es the area, belie(ing
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lea(es the area, belie(ing their card ha(e been captured
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captured by the *T#, the criminal then use a probe (fishing de(ice)
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e>tract the card. Da(ing (ieed the customers PI+ and no
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card in hand, the criminal easily ithdra money from
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off the card. $&imming is the most fre)uently used method
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card trac& data. K$&immersL are de(ices used by criminals
Existing (Aug 15, 2010)
strip of the card. Reading and deciphering the information
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pro>imity to, or on top of, the actual card reader?s input
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reader?s input slot, so it is able to read and record the information
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trac& of the card. The de(ice is then remo(ed, alloing the
Existing (Aug 15, 2010)
direct obser(ation, atching hat number that person taps onto
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onto the &eypad. The criminal usually positions himself in
Existing (Aug 15, 2010)
enters their PI+. $ometimes miniature (ideo cameras that are
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to the PI+ Pad, to record the PI+ entry information.
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into its memory. The fa&e PI+ pad is then remo(ed, and recorded
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then remo(ed, and recorded PI+s are donloaded. 5a&e PI+
Existing (Aug 15, 2010)
are donloaded. 5a&e PI+ pads are almost identical in appearance
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the original. *n additional type of o(erlay is more difficult
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the consumer. This method is used in conGunction ith
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data recorder. Capturing the PI+ is done either inside
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the terminal, or as the PI+ is transmitted to the host
Existing (Aug 15, 2010)
online PI+ chec&. In order to capture the PI+ internally,
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PI+ internally, the criminal re)uire access to the communication
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the terminal, hich is more easily done at off8premise
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analytical )uestions, determining good effecti(eness measures,
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effecti(eness measures, recogni<ing &ey inter(ention points, and
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inter(ention points, and selecting appropriate responses. * fe
&'$!( )n *$tai+
appropriate responses. * fe studies ha(e pro(ided some data on
Existing (Aug 15, 2010)
! #ost robberies are committed by a lone offenderMusing
Existing (#$% 1, 2002)
! #ost in(ol(e robbing people of cash after they
&'$!( )n *$tai+
! Robberies are somehat more li&ely to occur at
Existing (#$% 1, 2002)
! The most common pattern is for the offender to
Existing (#$% 1, 2002)
! The offender forces the (ictim to go to an *T#
Existing (#$% 1, 2002)
! The offender robs the (ictim of his or her *T#
Existing (#$% 1, 2002)
! The offender robs a (ictim standing at an *T#
Existing (#$% 1, 2002)
! The offender follos someone ho has Gust ithdran
Existing (#$% 1, 2002)