Equation - Design Table Trong SolidWorks

Equation: Trong trng hp nhng tnh ton trc tip ch lin quan n cc kch thc
m hnh th ta c th dng cc cng thc iu khin chng cho n gin.
Theo nh iu kin rng buc ca cu l chiu di dy ai khng i, ta thy cc yu
t tnh ton y trc tip l t cc kch thc ca m hnh, vy nn
dng Equation (cng thc) iu khin.
u tin, ta dng phc tho nh sau:
Sketch ny
cc yu t xc nh hnh hc, vy nn n c mu en. Lu rng tm hai pulley
thng hng theo chiu ngang, tt nhin ta c th khng bt buc dng nh vy, song
khi cn c thm to cc pulley. Thc ra bn cht ca bi ton l xc nh khong
cch trc 2 pulley ny, nn ta c chng ngang hng cho tin. Mt lu na l chiu
di hai nhnh dy ai chy bn ngoi cc pulley lun lun bng nhau, d cc puley ny
c thng hng hay khng. Nu ta nhnh trn di 400mm th nhnh di cng di
ng nh vy. Cc bn c th cho rng iu ny l l tng, ch thc t th nhnh b
dn s b vng v di hn cht t. Nu qu l nh vy th cng OK, ta s v n vng
xung v ly thm kch thc bn knh cong. Nhng v y l v d, ta c n gin ho
ct m t phng php, cn thc t cn tnh n vng cng rt n gin m thi.
Ri ta to m hnh vi cc thit lp tham kho minh ho di:


Ta c kt qu l dy ai 3D, nhng cha c kh nng gi nguyn chiu di khi thay i
ng knh cc pulley. lm c iu ny, ta Edit Sketch ri ly thm cc kch thc
chiu di cung tip xc vi ai v khong cch trc. Nhng kch thc ly thm, khi m
hnh hon ton c xc nh, s c mu xm v ch c gi tr tham kho, chng
khng iu khin c m
hnh.
By gi ta s rng buc cc kch thc chiu di dy ai, gi s ta mun chiu di dy
ai bng 1600mm. Hin nhin ta c cng thc chiu di cc cung p pulley cng 2 chiu
di nhnh ai thng bng 1600. Ta ly cng c Equation t trnh
n Tool ra:
Nhn nt Add to cng thc. Hp Add Equation m ra, ta lm nh sau:

1. Click kch thc 400, tn kch thc ny t nhy vo hp thoi.
2. Nhn nt bng =trn hp thoi (nu cha quen th khng nn nhn nt trn bn
phm m sai c php!).
3. Nhn nt m ngoc n ( (cng vn dng nt trn hp thoi).
4. Nhn cc nt tng ng c 1600.
5. Click du tr -.
6. Click kch thc chiu di cung th nht trn vng ho.
7. Click du tr - ln na.
8. Click kch thc chiu di cung th hai trn vng ho.
9. Nhn nt ng ngoc n )
10. Nhn nt chia /.
11. Nhn nt 2.
Bn so snh vi minh ho di:






Nu thy tng t nh vy l c (tn cc kch thc ca bn c th khc, do th th
ly kch thc khng ging nh minh ho, nhng khng sao c, min l bn cht ca
cng thc phi ng nh trnh by bn trn).
Sau nhn OK hai ln ng cc hp thoi li. Bn thy nh sau:

Lu rng cc gi tr chiu di nhnh ai v khong cch cc trc by gi khc trc,
do rng buc ca cng thc bt chiu di dy ai bng 1600mm. Bn cng thy rng
kch thc chiu di nhnh ai thng c k hiu sigma , cho bit rng n b iu
khin bi cng thc nu trn. V th nn mc d n c mu en (kch thc iu khin)
nhng chnh n cng b iu khin, bn khng th tu tin thay i gi tr ca n c
na. Th l ch cn c ng knh cc pulley c th thay i c m thi.
By gi, bn th thay i gi tr ng knh cc pulley m xem, sau khi Rebuilt, bn s
thy tt c cc kch thc cn li u thay i, km theo khong cch trc thay i, sao
cho chiu di dy ai vn lun bng 1600. Tt nhin l nu bn g mt gi tr ng
knh qu ln th bi ton s v nghim!

Trnh by v din gii th di nh vy, nhng lm rt nhanh chng v n gin!
Design Table
C mt tnh nng rt th v trong SW, l s dng bng thit k Design Table, m
bn cht l bng tnhExcel c lin kt vi tng file thit k c th. By gi th n lt
cc kch thc m hnh li c iu khin bi bng tnh v nh vy, ta c th tnh ton
cc kch thc trong bng tnh, vi y cc cng thc t n gin n phc tp, c
lu cn thn. Kt qu l ta c mt phng php tnh ton v qun l cc kch thc m
hnh rt hiu qu. i vi nhng m hnh m cc kch thc l kt qu nhng tnh ton
phc tp, phng php ny cng t r u th. Nu m hnh cn thit k li c nhiu quy
cch khc nhau (kiu nh cc chi tit tiu chun) th r rng y l k thut thit k rt
u vit.
minh ha cho phng php thit k bng Excel, ti xin lm mt v d sau:
THIT K A XCH LOI XCH NG CON LN
Ni chung, tnh ton a xch kh phc tp v vi mi quy chun xch ng con ln khc
nhau v/hoc s rng khc nhau th a xch cng khc nhau. Ta c th p dng bng
Excel thit k a xch, ri khi cn c a xch cho loi xch no, s rng bao
nhiu l gn nh ngay lp tc, ta hon thnh thit k t mt file c sn sau khi np
vi d kin.
Trong v d ny, ta thit k a xch 14 rng cho xch ng con ln loi bc xch 1 inch.
u tin, trn mt Top Plane, ta v 3 ng trn ng tm ti gc ta , ly cc
kch thc ng knh ca chng ln lt l 80, 100 v 120mm biu din ng
knh trong, ng knh vng chia v ng knh ngoi cho a xch. D nhin cc gi tr
ny l ngu nhin, lt na ta s bt chng phi tun theo cc gi tr c tnh ton trong
bng.

d nhn bit cc kch thc ny trong bng tnh, ta t tn cho chng theo cc k
hiu quen thuc. Ta chn kch thc ng knh 100 (l kch thc ng chia dc), click
chut phi v chn Properties. Trong hp thoi ny, i tn ca kch thc ti
trng Name thnh dc ri OK.

Tng t, ta i tn cc kch thc cn li thnh De v Di, tng ng vi ng knh
ngoi v trong.
Sau , ta thot khi Sketch, trn mn hnh ch cn 3 ng trn ng tm v khng
hin th kch thc. lm cc kch thc xut hin, hy right-click th
mc Annotations (trong Panel bn tri) ri chn Show Feature Dimensions.
a cc kch thc ny vo bng tnh, ta m bng tnh nh sau: m menu Insert,
chn Design Table. Ti bng thuc tnh ca Design Table, ta chp nhn cc thit lp
mc nh v nhn OK. Mt ca s Excel xut hin trong vng ha ( bng tnh
khng che khut cc kch thc ca hnh v, trc ta nn Pan hnh v xung gc phi
di mn hnh) km theo hp thoi Dimensions yu cu xc nhn cc kch thc s
a vo bng, nhn OK ng hp ny li.
Trong bng tnh, B2 ang c kch hot, hy double-click kch thc 100 trong vng
ha, ta s thy tn gi v gi tr kch thc ny xut hin trong bng tnh ti cc
B2 v B3. Tip tc lm nh vy vi 2 kch thc cn li, ta c kt qu nh sau:

Gi tr cc B3, C3 v D3 l gi tr cc kch thc ca m hnh c nhp vo, ta s tnh
chnh xc cc gi tr ny theo cc cng thc c trong gio trnh THIT K CHI TIT MY
quen thuc.
Lu : cc tham s ny phi c nhp st nhau, chng phi lin k v khng c
cch qung d ch 1 ct.
Ti cc A5, g: Bc xch t, A6: ng kch con ln D, A7: s rng Z.
Ti cc B5, g: 25.4, B6: 15.88, B7: 14.
Lu : khng c phn d liu ny st vo phn tham s kch thc bn trn, ti
thiu phi t cch 1 hng.

Ta c cng thc ng knh chia dc = t / sin ( Pi / Z ) ,
Nh vy, gi tr ca dc ti B3 c tnh nh sau: Click B3 (gi tr 100) v
g: =B5/sin(Pi()/B7) (lu khng c c du cch) ri Enter. Ta thy gi tr ca B2
by gi tr thnh 114.147.
Ta c cng thc ng knh nh De = t [ k + 1/tg ( Pi / Z ) ]
y li xut hin thm H s chiu cao rng k, h s ny c gi tr ty thuc vo s
rng ca a xch nh sau:
Z < 11, k = 0.58; Z =11~17, k = 0.56; Z =17~35, k = 0.53 v Z >35 th k = 0.50.
Ti A8, g: H s k v B8 g nh
sau: =IF(B7<11,0.58,IF(B7<18,0.56,IF(B7<36,0.53,IF(B7>3
5,0.5)))) ri Enter.
Ta thy gi tr ca k ti B8 nhn gi tr bng 0.56.
Tr li gi tr ng knh nh De, ti C3, g: =B5*(B8+1/tan(Pi()/B7)) ri Enter,
gi tr mi s l 125.51.
ng kch chn rng c tnh theo cng thc: Di = dc D.
Ti D3, g: =B3-B6 ri Enter, ta c gi tr mi l 98.27.
Nh vy l ta lp cng thc tnh ton cho 3 thng s chnh ca a xch, sau ny, nu
ta thay i cc d liu bn u nh bc xch, s rng, ng knh con ln th cc
thng s ny s cp nht nhng gi tr mi.
to tn cho chi tit thit k, ta g a xch vo A3 ri click vo vng ha
ng bng tnh v cp nht m hnh. Nhn OK xc nhn nhng kch thc c
a vo bng tnh (bn s thy cc kch thc c mu tm, cho bit rng chng c
a vo bng tnh). Trong cy thit k bn tri, ta thy c th mcDesign Table mi
c to ra.
Nu l phin bn 2006 tr i, sau khi ng bng tnh, bn vn thy m hnh khng
thay i, cc gi tr kch thc vn gi nguyn (80, 100 v 120). Bn hy click vo
nhn ConfigurationManager trn nh Panel bn tri:

Bn s thy nh sau:

Ta thy c hai cu hnh l Default v a xch, hin ti th cu hnh Default ang c
kch hot. Double-click th mc a xch kch hot n, ta thy lp tc cc kch thc
c cp nht gi tr mi nh va tnh ton trong bng tnh:

(Nu kch hot li Default, tt nhin l cc kch thc s ly li gi tr c, song ta khng
lm th lm g, ta vn dng cu hnh a xch tip tc cng vic).
Hy m li nhn FeatureManager Design Tree (trn nh Panel bn tri) tr li cy
thit k.
M mt Sketch mi, vn trn Top Plane, chn ng trn ln nht ri chn cng
c Convert Entities to bin dng v lnh Extrude vi iu kin Mid Plane to
a xch vi chiu dy 10mm, d nhin a ny c ng knh ng ri, nhng chiu dy
cha chnh xc. Ta t tn kch thc chiu dy l B v s a n vo bng tnh iu
khin n.
Trong cy thit k, right-click th mc Design Table v chn Edit Table, bng tnh li
xut hin, ta nhp kch thc chiu dy 10mm vo bng. Do chiu dy a c tnh
ton trn c s Chiu di con ln C nn ta cn a thm gi tr ny vo bng ti phn
d liu, bng 15.88.
Chiu dy B c tnh theo cng thc B = 0.93C 0.15, nh vy kt qu thc t ca B
phi l 14.6184. Do t y, bn bit cch thao tc trn bng tnh nn ti khng nu
c th na.

Tip theo l phn vt nh rng vi chiu cao h = 0.8D v bn knh r3 = 1.7D cng c
a vo bng tnh.

Bn thc hin lnh vt bng cng c Revolved Cut vt c mt bn a theo bin
dng ny, dng lnhMirror vt pha i din.
Tip theo, ta ct rng theo bin dng nh sau:

y, cung y rng c tm nm trn ng chia v tip tuyn vi ng chn rng.
Cung sn rng cng c tm trn ng chia v tip tuyn vi cung chn rng; khong
cch gia tm hai cung ny tm ly bng 30mm, sau ta s a khong cch ny vo
bng tnh p n phi bng bc xch t. Trong gio trnh TKCTM, phn v bin dng
trnh by qu rc ri, tt nhin cc bn vn c th lm theo ng nh vy, song y,
ti dng cch thc n gin hn (v chc chn a xch vn lm vic hon ho) nh
nu.
Cui cng, dng lnh Circular Pattern to thnh 14 rng. Ta cng a gi
tr 14 ny vo bng tnh v c gi tr bng s rng Z ti B7.

Phn cn li l to l, rnh then l nhng c im ring v khng tun theo cc cng
thc c nh, ta khng cn a chng vo bng tnh lm g.
Gi th bn c th to ra thit k cho bt k a xch no vi s rng v bc xch bt k,
ch mt vi pht. Bn hy th to a xch khc bng cch thay i cc d liu trong
bng tnh m xem, rt th v v nhanh chng!
Bn nn lu file ny mi khi cn thit k a xch, bn ch cn m n ra, m bng tnh
ca n v nhp vi s liu, sau Enter v nhn c bn thit k mi.
ng Dng:
Trong thc t, ta khng thit k bnh rng 3D m dng cc k hiu theo quy c ghi
ch cc thng s gia cng bnh rng trn cc bn v 2D l . Tuy nhin, lm r khi
nim v ng thn khai v cng cc bn c dp kho st s tip xc cc bin dng
rng nh trong thc t, ti xin xut mt cch tip cn nh sau:
1. n gin vn , chng ta gi thit chiu dy rng ti ng chia ng bng chiu
rng khe h ti . Thc t th chiu dy rng hi nh hn mt cht.
2. Bin dng thn khai c dng kh chnh xc t ng c s ln n nh, bng cch
xc nh chnh xc cc im m n phi i qua cc ng knh nh, ng chia v
ng c s.
TRNH T THIT K Gi thit rng cc bn thnh tho k thut s
dng Equation v DesignTable.

1. M mt sketch v v + ly kch thc cho 4 ng trn ng tm m ta d kin
chng s l cc ng trn nh, chia, chn v c
s: Chn mt
bng DesignTable v a cc kch thc ny vo. Ta b sung thm Tn cho chi tit
(Bnh rng), s module v s rng nh minh ha
di:




Ta bt cc gi tr tng ng ca nhng ng knh ny phi tun theo cc cng thc
quen thuc:
1. ng knh nh De=m.(z+2). C th, ta click B3 v g =B5*(B6+2).
2. ng knh chia Dc=m.z. C th, ta click C3 v g =B5*B6.
3. ng knh chn Di=m.(z-2.7). C th, ta click D3 v g =B5*(B6-2.7).
4. ng knh c s Do=Dc.cos20(). C th, ta click E3 v
g =C3*cos(20/180*pi()).
Ta c kt qu nh sau:

Thot khi bng tnh, ta thy hnh v nh sau:


Chng c g thay i c, ngoi tr cc kch thc c mu tm, cho bit rng chng
c a vo Bng thit k. Chng vn cha cp nht gi tr c tnh trong bng, v
hnh v ny l ca cu hnh mc nh Default [ Part1 ] (xem panel bn tri).
Ta double-click th mc Bnh rng mu xm kch hot n, s thy cc kch thc v
m hnh cp nht gi tr mi:

d phn bit, ta chuyn cc nt ca ng chia v ng c s thnh nt chm gch,
ri v thm ng tm ng v v 1 ng tm ngang xut pht t ng c s,
chm cc giao im v ly cc kch thc tham kho nh sau:

Cc kch thc ny c mu xm, chng l nhng kch thc Driven, ngha l chng b
iu khin bi cc kch thc, cc tng quan m hnh c v chng ch phn nh kch
thc thc t (ging nh AutoCAD) ch khng c kh nng iu khin m hnh. Tuy
nhin, chng li iu khin c cc kch thc khc, thng qua DesignTable hoc
Equation v theo cch , chng cn siu hn cc kch thc thng thng.
Nhng ta ly cc kch thc lm g? chnh l qung ng m giao im ca tip
tuyn phi ln khng trt trn ng c s mt im bt k trn tip tuyn ny v
nn bin dng thn khai ca sn rng. C th l v qu o n ng chia th tip
im phi chy qung ng l 15.39mm v n ng nh th 26.68mm. Nu ai
qun ch ny hoc bn tn bn nghi th c li NGUYN L MY nh! Tng t, nu
mun bit qung ng v n ng knh no th cc bn v b sung thm cc
ng trn tng ng.
Vn tip theo m chng ta cn thng nht vi nhau: l vi 1 ng ln xc nh
v 1 chiu qut, ta ch c th v c 1 ng thn khai i qua mt im cho trc m
thi. Nh vy l cho thit k p, ti s to phi bnh rng trc ri ct 1 rnh
chnh xc c tm nm trng vi ng tm dc m ta va v. Sau s sao chp rnh
ny theo s rng yu cu. Vy th ta cn xc nh im m ng thn khai s i qua
trn ng chia, sao cho tm ca rnh l thng ng. Ta v h ha mt ng tm
xin, ly khch thc gc, ri ta s bt ng ny ct ng chia ti im ta
cn: V im ta cn
ny nm trn ng xin nn buc ng xin phi to vi ng tm ng mt gc
bng 1/4 gc ca bc rng. V sau ny ta c th thay i s rng ca thit k, th gc
ny cng phi thay i theo. lm c iu , ta phi a n vo bng thit k v
buc n bng 360/z/4. Kt qu
l:



Giao im ca ng xin vi ng chia (phi 90) chnh l im u tin ca ng thn
khai. Ta s xc nh cc im cn li nm trn ng nh v ng c s.

Ch ny hi tinh t, cc bn cn tp trung lm cho ng: 1. T im va xc nh, xc
nh mt im trn ng c s, ly kch thc khong cch gia hai im ny, ri
dng Equation bt kch thc bng kch thc 15.39. Bn khng c g tay
np trc tip gi tr ny m phi dng hp Equation c kt qu . Sau ny, khi bn
thay i thit k th gi tr s thay i theo. (Lu rng ng ni ga hai im ny
khi s tip tuyn vi ng c s).
2. Xc nh mt im mi trn ng c s ri ly kch thc chiu di cung t im
cui on va ri n im mi ny, cng dng Equation bt n bng kch thc
15.39 va nu. im mi ny chnh l im mng thn khai xut pht t ng
c s.
3. Bn li xc nh mt im na trn ng c s, chiu di cung c np
bng Equation t im xut pht n im bng kch thc 26.68.
4. Xc nh 1 im trn ng nh, ly khong cch gia hai im sau cng v
dng Equation bt n bng26.28.
Hy lm ng nh minh ha di:


Vy l ta xc nh c cc im m ng thn khai s phi i qua. Nu mun chnh
xc hn na, cc bn hon ton c th v thm cc ng trn khc xen gia chng
xc nh thm cc im trung gian.
Ta ng Sketch1 ny li, ri m mt sketch mi, cng vn trn plane dng to
sketch trc. Dng Spline v mt ng cong i qua cc im va xc nh
trn Sketch1 v phn cui ko di ti ng tm ng, ly kch thc v a kch thc
ny vo Bng thit k, bt gi tr n bng 4 ln module:

Ri lm i xng qua tm ng v convert ng trn nh, trim phn tha:

Sau thot khi Sketch2 ny.
a con tr vo Sketch1, dng cng c trnh n chut phi v chn ContourSelect
Tool, ri chn ton b vng bn trong ng nh. Cng c ny cho php ta chn nhiu
vng khp kn ca sketch, c gi Ctrl m chn cho ht ri OK. Khi chn ton b cc
din tch manh mn trong , ta dng lnh Extrude to phi bnh rng, vt mp cho
n vi 515. Gi tr 5 ny a vo Bng TK v bt n bng gi tr module. (Bn
cng c th vt 2.545 , gi tr 2.5 bng m/2).


Dng bin dng Sketch2 va v ct rng:

a con tr vo Sketch1, dng cng c trnh n chut phi v chn ContourSelect
Tool, ri chn ton b vng bn trong ng chn rng, dng n Extrude to
chn rng:


Sau , bn Fillet cc gc y chn rng, a gi tr ny vo bng TK ri p n bng
module nhn vi0.25~0.4 l OK.
Vic cui cng l Array n thnh 18 rnh v a s 18 ny vo Bng TK v cho n bng
gi tr z.

n y l xong, ta ch dng ng c 2 sketch m thi. Nu lm nhanh th mt chng 15
pht.
Bn th m li Bng TK v cho cc gi tr m v z khc nhau xem m hnh bin i
th no? C ng l vi s rng z<17 v khng dch chnh th chn rng b tht nh li
khng? Bn cng c th a 2 bnh rng vo Assembly xem cc bin dng ny tip
xc vi nhau ra sao.
Lu : Do bi dng hnh ny lin quan n nhiu gi tr tnh ton bng phng trnh bc
cao v lng gic trong Equation v DesignTable, nn trnh gp nhng nghim khng
mong mun, bn nn thay i cc gi tr m v z t tn, theo ti mi ln tng gim ch
nn trong khong tng i hoc gim na thi. V d, ang c s rng 18 m mun nng
ln 60 th ln th nht bn tng 18 ln 32 v ln th hai tng 32 ln 60 cho an ton.
Cn c vo cch thc ny, bn hon ton c th a thm vo cc gi tr gc p lc
khc, gc nghing v h s dch chnh c mt file thit k bnh rng hon chnh.
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