Effect of Secondary Current;

Ideal Transformer
The Ideal Transformer

Assumptions:
Winding resistances are negligible
Total flux is confined to the core
Flux linkage is 100% (COC = 1)
Leakage flux is negligible
No core losses
Permeability of the core is so high that only a
negligible exciting mmf is required to establish
flux
Note: These properties are closely approached
but never actually attained in practical
transformers.

From the assumption that the flux linkage is
100%, we will trace the electromotive forces
in the primary and the secondary, and equate
the instantaneous flux changes to get:



Thus, the voltage transformation is directly
proportional to the turns ratio.






Now let a load be connected to the secondary.
Examine the effects of loading in an ideal
transformer. Since in our assumption, that the
core permeability is very large, the core flux is
unchanged by the presence of a load in the
secondary. Hence, the net exciting mmf acting
on the core is zero.
;
Thus, the current transformation is inversely
proportional to the turns ratio.
Notice that in the voltage and current
transformations, the equations would lead to
.

Meaning, the input power would equal the
output power. This is a necessary condition in
analyzing ideal transformers.

An additional property of the ideal
transformer can be seen by considering the
case of a sinusoidal applied voltage and an
impedance load. The dot markings indicate
that the primary and secondary voltages and
currents are in phase.
We will investigate the impedance
transformation in an ideal transformer.
input power = output power




These three circuits are identical as viewed
from terminals ab. Transferring parameters
from one side to another is called referring to
the other side.