(Short Circuit Calculation)

(Short Circuit)

** Co ordination **

 (Short Circuit)

(Short Circuit)

** Interrupting Rating **

 (Short Circuit)


Line to Ground Fault
Line to Neutral Fault
Line to Line Fault
Double Line to Ground Fault
Three Phase Fault
!!

Line to Ground Fault

= 70 %

Line to Line Fault

= 15 %

Double Line to Ground Fault

= 10 %

Three Phase Fault

= 5%




(Panel Board)
MDB (Main Distribution Board)

+
-
-

-
- ()



- /
-

(> 1,000 A)


(fuse & Circuit Breaker)




-
-

-
-

/
- Fuse
- Circuit Breaker

1.
2.
3.
4.

(Symmetrical)

(Unsymmetrical)

IEC 60909 2

1.
( MDB)

IC

1.
:
IU

(IU)
(IM)

A
IU

B
IM

IM
M

 (IU)

IU = 100 * IFL,Tr
% Zk

IU

IFL,Tr
% Zk (Impedance Voltage)

(IFL)

I FL,Tr =

S
3VL

S (VA)
VL
(V)
(. = 400 V ; . = 416 V)

Impedance Voltage (Zk)

Short Circuit Test

Uk Zk
Xp

Rp

Xs

P sh_s

Rs
W
Ish_s

I
V
Vsh_s

Zk
%Z k

Vs / c ( meter )
100
Vrate

22 kV / 416-240 V
Voltmeter 850 V.
%Z k

850
100
22000

3.86 %

 Impedance Voltage (Zk)

Italy

France

1

1600 kVA 24 kV/416-240 V
MEA 24 kV

IU

CEI Std
1600 kVA
24 kV / 416-240 V

I FL,Tr =

S
3VL

1600103
=
3 416
= 2,221 A

 ()
IU =

I FL ,Tr 100
%Z k

CEI Zk = 6.25 %
IU =

2,221100
6.25

= 35,536 A.

36 kA.

CB IC > 36 kA 35 kA 42 kA
(3 )

(1 )

(IM)

(Asynchronous Motor)


I M = 4 I FL ,M

IM
(A)
IFL,M (A)

2
A Bus Bar
MDB

 (IU)

I FL,Tr

S
=
3 VL
1, 000103
=
3 400

IU =

I FL ,Tr 100
%Z k

1, 443100
6.0

= 24,050 A.

= 1, 443 A.

= 24.05 kA.

(IM)
I FL,M

S
=
3 VL

500 103
=
3 400
= 722 A.

I M = 4 I FL,M

= 4 722
= 2,888 A.
= 2.89 kA.

 A
I SC = IU + I M

I SC = 24.05 + 2.89
= 26.94 kA

2.
(Interupting Capacity, IC)


3


1. (Impedance Diagram)
2.

(Impedance Diagram)

ZN

ZTr

ZM

ZF

ZSf


I SC =

VL
3 Zt

ISC
VL

3

( . = 400 V ; . = 416 V)

Zt

(ZN)
IEC 60909 ZN
cV 2
1
ZN =
2
MVASC tr

ZN
c
V
MVASC
tr

(Voltage Factor)
( )

(Turn Ratio)

 c (Voltage Factor) IEC 60909

(MVASC)

1. 24 kV
- MVASC = 500 MVA
2. 24 kV
- MVASC = 1,000 MVA
Std. IEC & CEI

 (.)
24 kV / 416-240 V

MVASC = 500 MVA

cV 2
1
ZN =
2
MVASC tr
2

ZN =

1.1(24 10 3 )
500106

416

24103

= 0.3807 mW

(.)
22 kV / 400-230 V

MVASC = 500 MVA

cV 2
1
ZN =
2
MVASC tr
2

ZN =

1.1(22 103 )
500106

= 0.3520 mW

400 2

22103

 RN XN

Z N = RN + jX N

X N = 0.995 Z N
RN = 0.1 X N

(MVASC)

ZN
(mW)

XN

RN

(mW)

(mW)

22 kV / 400-230 V

500

0.3520

0.3502

0.0350

24 kV / 416-240 V

500

0.3807

0.3788

0.0379

 (ZTr)
:
% Z k VL 2
ZTr =
STr 100

RTr =

Pcu ,loss
2

3( I FL,Tr )

X Tr = ZTr 2 - RTr 2

:
ZTr

RTr

XTr

VL
Pcu,loss

 Pcu,loss UNEL 21001-74 [I] DIN 42500

STr [kVA]
25
50
100
160
250
400
630

Pcu,loss [W]
700
1100
1750
2350
3250
4600
6500

Pcu,loss NFC 15-105[P]

Pcu ,loss [W ] = 3(% Z k )(STr [ kVA])

3
NFC
1,600 kVA 22 kV/400-230 V.

I FL,Tr

S
=
3VL

1600103
=
3 400
= 2,309 A

 %Zk

1,600 kVA

%ZK = 6.00 %

Pcu,loss
Pcu ,loss [W ] = 3(% Z k )( STr [ kVA])

Pcu ,loss = 3 6.01600

= 28,800 W
= 28.8 kW


% Z k VL 2
ZTr =
STr 100
2

6(400)
=
(1600103 )100
= 6.00 mW

RTr =

Pcu ,loss
2

3( I FL,Tr )

28,800
2
3(2,309 )

= 1.8006 mW

X Tr = ZTr 2 - RTr 2

= (6.0) -(1.8006 )
= 5.7234 mW

mW

 (ZM , ZF , ZSf )
R X
40 oC

THW
40 oC

R X (Bus Way)

4
. 24 kV/416-240 V
500 MVA
MDB 4
set of (3x300 mm2, 1x240 mm2(N) THW) IMC 30
MDB 3x185 mm2, 1x95
mm2 (N) THW IMC 50

A ( MDB)
B ( )

 1 A
( A)
MDB

ZN

ZTr

ZM

ZF

 (ZN)

(MVASC)

ZN

XN

RN

22 kV / 400-230 V

500

0.3520

0.3502

0.0350

24 kV / 416-240 V

500

0.3807

0.3788

0.0379

. 24 kV/416-240 V ZN
Z N = 0.0379 + j 0.3788

(ZTr)
Pcu,loss Pcu,loss
Pcu ,loss [W ] = 3(% Z k )(STr [ kVA])

Pcu ,loss = 3 6.01000

= 18,000 W
= 18.0 kW


% Z k VL 2
ZTr =
STr 100
2

6(416)
=
(1000103 )100
= 10.3834 mW

RTr =

Pcu ,loss
2

3( I FL,Tr )

18, 000
2
3(1,388)

= 3.1144 mW

I FL,Tr =

S
3VL

1000103
=
3 416
= 1,388 A


X Tr = ZTr 2 - RTr 2
2

= (10.3834) - (3.1144)

mW

= 9.9053 mW

ZTr = 3.1144 + j 9.9053

mW

4 set of (3x300 mm2, 1x240 mm2(N) THW)

IMC MDB .11-2531
4 4
4 (A, B, C)
300 mm2 3 240 mm2 1
16
** 300 mm2 4


()
Z = Z1 = Z 2 = Z3 = Z 4

:
Z M = Z // Z // Z // Z =
Z1

Z2

Z3

Z4

R
= +
4

300 mm2

R=
XL =

0.0701 mW/m
0.0967 mW/m

X
j L
4

Z
4

 30 4
R = 0.070130

X L = 0.0967 30

= 2.103 mW

= 2.901 mW

(ZM)
1
Z M = (2.103 + j 2.901)
4
= 0.5258 + j 0.7253 mW

A
Zt = Z N + ZTr + Z M
= (0.0379 + j 0.3788) + (3.1144 + j 9.9053) + (0.5258 + j 0.7253)
= 3.6781 + j11.0094

Zt = (3.6781) + (11.0094)

= 11.6076 mW


I SC =
=

VL
3 Zt
416
3(11.607610-3 )

= 20.69 kA

- 200 kVA
I M = 4 I FL,M
= 4 303.87
= 1.22 kA

I FL,M =

S
3 VL

200 103
=
3380
= 303.87 A

 A
A

=
=
=

IC

I SC + I M

20.69 + 1.22
21.91 kA

25 kA (480 V)

2 B
( B)

MDB

ZN

ZTr

ZM

ZF

1. 24 kV/416-240 V 500 MVA

Z N = 0.0379 + j 0.3788 mW

2. 1000 kVA
ZTr = 3.1144 + j 9.9053 mW

3. 4 set of (3x300mm2, 1x240mm2 THW) in IMC

Z M = 0.5258 + j 0.7253 mW

(Feeder)
3x185 mm2, 1x95 mm2 THW IMC

R X THW 185 mm2

 185 mm2
R = 0.1108 mW/m
XL = 0.0994 mW/m

50
X L = 0.0994 50

R = 0.110850

= 4.97 mW

= 5.54 mW

(ZF)

Z F = 5.54 + j 4.97


Zt = Z N + ZTr + Z M + Z F
= (0.0379 + j 0.3788) + (3.1144 + j 9.9053) + ...
... + (0.5258 + j 0.7253) + (5.54 + j 4.97)
= 9.2181 + j15.9794 m

Zt = (9.2181) + (15.9794)

= 18.4476 mW

(ISC)
I SC =

VL
3 Zt

416
3(18.447610-3 )

= 13.02 kA


- 200 kVA
I FL,M =

I M = 4 I FL,M
= 4 303.87

S
3 VL

200 103
=
3380

= 1.22 kA

= 303.87 A

B
B

=
=
=

I SC + I M

13.02 + 1.22
14.24 kA

IC

14 kA (480 V)

ZF4

ZF3
ZF2
ZF1

ZN

ZTr

ZM

ZF

ZF5