Notes about DNA p.

114-122
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid
Genotype is your genes
Phenotype is your appearance
Allele is an alternative form of a gene
Dominant is the one that controls
Recessive is the one that is not controlling
Nucleotide are the building blocks of the DNA, has 3 components
Phosphate is the component in the Nucleotide
Sugar (deoxyribose) is the component in the Nucleotide
Base is the component in the Nucleotide, bases are attached to sugar
Adenine is always linked to Thymine
Guanine is always linked to Cytosine
Thymine is always linked to Adenine
Cytosine is always linked to Guanine
Codon/triplets are making amino acids
Amino acids are making protein

DNA Replication (inside the nucleus)
When a cell divides, its DNA molecules copy themselves in order to pass on a
set of new instructions to each new cell.
Each DNA molecules unzips itself so the stand separates and each one acts as a
template for the individual nucleotides to bind to.
Two new DNA molecules are produced, each with an old strand and a new
strand.

E E = Brown Eyes
E e = Brown Eyes
e e = Blue Eyes
Allele = e /E/h /H etc
Ee = genotype
Brown Eyes = phenotype
E
h
E
h
E / e/ h = Allele
E/H etc = Dominant
e / h etc = Recessive

Excercise: Codes and Triplets (Codons)
1. put in order A and T, C and G
ACT TCA CTA TAG GAC
TGA AGT GAT ATC CTG

GCT TAG CAT AGG ACC
CGA ATC GTA TCC TGG

3 Bases = Condon = Amino acids = proteins
20 different Amino acids makes protein