Lap Trinh C Co Ban

Lu hnh ni b
Lu hnh ni b

MC LC

Chng 1. C bn ngn ng C# ............................................................................................ 1
I. Gii thiu ngn ng C#2008 ...................................................................................... 1
II. Mi trng lp trnh ..................................................................................................... 2
III. Bin, hng, ton t ....................................................................................................... 3
IV. Quy c lp trnh, ng dng Console Application trong Visual Studio 2008 ............. 5
V. Kiu d liu ................................................................................................................. 9
VI. Cu trc iu khin .................................................................................................... 10
VII. Cu trc lp ................................................................................................................ 12
Chng 2. Xy dng Windows Forms Application ........................................................... 15
I. S dng Visual Studio 2008 ...................................................................................... 15
II. Cc control c bn: Label, TextBox, Button, CheckBox, .................................... 18
III. Menu v ToolBar ....................................................................................................... 30
IV. Common Dialog ......................................................................................................... 30
Chng 3. Array String Exception ............................................................................... 34
I. Mng 1 chiu ............................................................................................................. 34
II. Mng nhiu chiu ....................................................................................................... 37
III. String .......................................................................................................................... 40
IV. Exception ................................................................................................................... 45
Chng 4. Class Object - Method .................................................................................... 47
I. Khi nim ................................................................................................................... 47
II. nh ngha lp (Class) ............................................................................................... 47
III. Phng thc (Method) ............................................................................................... 50
Chng 5. SQL Server 2008 ................................................................................................ 54
I. Tng quan v SQL ..................................................................................................... 54
II. Tng quan v CSDL quan h ..................................................................................... 55
III. Table (Bng) .............................................................................................................. 58
IV. Cu lnh truy vn ....................................................................................................... 66
V. Mt s hm thng dng trong SQL Server ............................................................. 70
Chng 6. Lp trnh kt ni CSDL SQL Server 2008 ...................................................... 72
I. To kt ni Vn chuyn d liu. ............................................................................ 72
II. S dng control .......................................................................................................... 73
III. Cc thao tc trn d liu: Thm - Sa - Xa vi ADO.NET ..................................... 78
Chng 7. Xy dng ng dng ............................................................................................ 85
I. Chun b. .................................................................................................................... 85
II. S dng control .......................................................................................................... 85
III. S dng database ....................................................................................................... 88

Lu hnh ni b Trang 1

Chng 1: C BN NGN NG C#

Bi 1: GII THIU C# 2008

I. Gii thiu C#

Ngn ng C# kh n gin, ch khong hn 80 t kha v hn mi my kiu d liu
c dng sn. Tuy nhin, ngn ng C#c ngha to ln khi n thc thi nhng khi nim
lp trnh hin i. C#bao gm tt c nhng h tr cho cu trc, thnh phn component, lp
trnh hng i tng. Nhng tnh cht hin din trong mt ngn ng lp trnh hin i.
Hn na ngn ng C# c xy dng trn nn tng hai ngn ng mnh nht l C++v J ava.
Tm li, C#c cc c trng sau y:
- C#l ngn ng n gin
- C#l ngn ng hin i
- C#l ngn ng hng i tng
- C#l ngn ng mnh m v mm do
- C#l ngn ng hng module
- C#s tr nn ph bin
1. C# l ngn ng n gin
- C#loi b c mt vi s phc tp v ri rm ca cc ngn ng C++v J ava.
- C#kh ging C / C++v din mo, c php, biu thc, ton t.
- Cc chc nng ca C#c ly trc tip t ngn ng C / C++ nhng c ci tin
lm cho ngn ng n gin hn.
2. C# l ngn ng hin i
C#c c nhng c tnh ca ngn ng hin i nh:
- X l ngoi l
- Thu gom b nh t ng
- C nhng kiu d liu m rng
- Bo mt m ngun
3. C# l ngn ng hng i tng
C#h tr tt c nhng c tnh ca ngn ng hng i tng l:
- S ng gi (encapsulation)
- S k tha (inheritance)
- a hnh (polymorphism)
4. C# l ngn ng mnh m v mm do
- Vi ngn ng C#, chng ta ch b gii hn chnh bn thn ca chng ta. Ngn ng ny
khng t ra nhng rng buc ln nhng vic c th lm.
- C# c s dng cho nhiu d n khc nhau nh: to ra ng dng x l vn bn, ng
dng ha, x l bng tnh; thm ch to ra nhng trnh bin dch cho cc ngn ng khc.
- C#l ngn ng s dng gii hn nhng t kha. Phn ln cc t kha dng m t
thng tin, nhng khng g th m C#km phn mnh m. Chng ta c th tm thy rng ngn
ng ny c th c s dng lm bt c nhim v no.
5. C# l ngn ng hng module
- M ngun ca C# c vit trong Class (lp). Nhng Class ny cha cc Method
(phng thc) thnh vin ca n.
- Class (lp) v cc Method (phng thc) thnh vin ca n c th c s dng li
trong nhng ng dng hay chng trnh khc.
6. C# s tr nn ph bin

Lu hnh ni b Trang 2

C# mang n sc mnh ca C++cng vi s d dng ca ngn ng Visual Basic.
II. Mi trng lp trnh

1. S dng Notepad son tho
Bc 1: Son tho tp tin v lu vi tn C:\ChaoMung.cs c ni dung nh sau
class ChaoMung
{
static void Main()
{
// Xuat ra man hinh chuoi thong bao 'Chao mung ban den voi C#2008 '
System.Console.WriteLine("Chao mung ban den voi C#2008 ") ;
System.Console.ReadLine() ;
}
}
Bc 2: Vo menu Start | All Programs | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 | Visual
Studio Tools | Visual Studio 2008 Command Prompt
Bc 3:
- G lnh bin dch tp tin ChaoMung.cs sang tp tin ChaoMung.exe
C:\> csc /t:exe /out:chaomung.exe chaomung.cs
- Chy tp tin ChaoMung.exe v c kt qu nh sau :
C:\> chaomung.exe
Chao mung ban den voi C#2008

2. S dng Micosoft Visual Studio 2008 to chng trnh
Bc 1: Khi ng Visual Studio 2008
Start | All Programs | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008
Bc 2: Vo menu File | New | Project
Bc 3: Khai bo

Lu hnh ni b Trang 3

* Mc nh: Visual Studio 2008 (Visual Studio .NET) s to ra tp tin Program.cs
cha mt namespace tn ChaoMung v trong namespace ny cha mt
class tn Program.
Bc 4: trong phng thc Main, g on m lnh sau
* V d:
System.Console.WriteLine("Chao mung ban den voi C#2008 ") ;
System.Console.ReadLine() ;
Bc 5: chy chng trnh, nhn F5 hoc nhp vo nt

III. Bin, hng, ton t

1. Bin
a) Khi nim:
- Bin l mt vng lu tr ng vi mt kiu d liu.
- Bin c th c gn gi tr v cng c th thay i gi tr trong khi thc hin cc lnh
ca chng trnh.
b) Khai bo bin: Sau khi khai bo bin phi gn gi tr cho bin
<Kiu_D_Liu> <tn_bin> [ = <gi_tr> ] ;
c) V d 1.1: Khi to v gn gi tr mt bin
class Bien
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao va khoi tao bien
int bien =9 ;
System.Console.WriteLine("Sau khi khoi tao: bien ={0}", bien) ;
// Gan gia tri cho bien
bien =5 ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
System.Console.WriteLine("Sau khi gan: bien ={0}", bien) ;
}
}

2. Hng
a) Khi nim:
- Hng cng l mt bin nhng gi tr ca hng khng thay i trong khi thc hin cc
lnh ca chng trnh.
- Hng c phn lm 3 loi:
+Gi tr hng (literal)
+Biu tng hng (symbolic constants)
+Kiu lit k (enumerations)
b) Gi tr hng:
V d: x = 100; // 100 c gi l gi tr hng
c) Biu tng hng: gn mt tn hng cho mt gi tr hng.
Khai bo:
<const> <Kiu_D_Liu> <tn_hng> = <gi_tr> ;
V d 1.2: Nhp vo bn knh, in ra chu vi v din tch hnh trn.

Lu hnh ni b Trang 4

class HinhTron
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao bieu tuong hang
const double PI =3.14159 ;
// Khai bao bien
int bankinh ;
double chuvi , dientich ;
string chuoi ;
// Nhap gia tri cho bien chuoi
System.Console.Write("Nhap ban kinh hinh tron: ") ;
chuoi =System.Console.ReadLine() ;
// Doi chuoi thanh so va gan vao bien so
bankinh =System.Convert.ToInt32(chuoi) ;
// Gan gia tri cho bien
chuvi =2 * bankinh * PI ;
dientich =bankinh * bankinh * PI ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
System.Console.WriteLine("Chu vi hinh tron ={0:0.00}", chuvi) ;
System.Console.WriteLine("Dien tich hinh tron ={0:0.00}", dientich) ;
}
}
d) Kiu lit k: l tp hp cc tn hng c gi tr s khng thay i (danh sch lit k)
Khai bo:
<enum> <Tn_Kiu_Lit_K>
{
<tn_hng_1>=<gi_tr_s_1>,
<tn_hng_2>=<gi_tr_s_2>,
... ,
} ;
V d:
enum NhietDoNuoc
{
DoDong =0, DoNguoi =20,
DoAm =40, DoNong =60,
DoSoi =100,
} ;

3. Ton t
a) Ton t ton hc: +, - , * , / , %
b) Ton t tng / gim: +=, -=, *=, /=, %=
c) Ton t tng / gim 1 n v: ++, --
d) Ton t gn: =
e) Ton t quan h: ==, !=, >, >=, <, <=
f) Ton t logic: ! , && , ||
g) Ton t 3 ngi: (iu_Kin) ? (Biu_Thc_1) : (Biu_Thc_2) ;

Lu hnh ni b Trang 5

IV. Quy tc lp trnh, ng dng Console Application

1. Quy tc lp trnh
Khi to mt chng trnh trong C#, chng ta nn thc hin theo cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Xc nh mc tiu ca chng trnh
Bc 2: Xc nh nhng phng php gii quyt vn
Bc 3: To mt chng trnh gii quyt vn
Bc 4: Thc thi chng trnh xem kt qu

2. ng dng Console Application
L ng dng giao tip vi ngi dng thng qua bn phm v khng c giao din ngi
dng (UI).
V d 1.3:
using System;
class ChaoMung
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Chao mung ban den voi C#2008 ") ;
Console.ReadLine() ;
}
}
* Phn B sung
1. Namespace
- .NET cung cp mt th vin cc class rt s, trong Console l mt class nh trong
th vin cc class ny.
- Mi class c mt tn ring, v vy ngi lp trnh khng th no nh ht tn cc class
trong .NET. gii quyt vn ny l vic to ra mt namespace, namespace s hn ch
phm vi ca mt tn, lm cho tn ny ch c ngha trong vng nh ngha.
2. T kha using
- khng phi vit namespace cho tng i tng, ta dng t kha using.
- Ta c th dng dng lnh sau u chng trnh:
using System ;
Khi , thay v vit y System.Console. ta ch cn vit Console.
3. T kha static
T kha static ch ra rng hm Main() c th c gi m khng cn phi to i tng
ChaoMung.
4. T kha this
T kha this dng tham chiu n th hin hin hnh ca i tng.
5. Ch thch (Comment)
- Mt chng trnh c vit tt th cn phi c ch thch cc on m lnh c vit.
- Mc ch chnh l lm cho on m lnh ngun r rng v d hiu.
- C 2 loi ch thch:
+Ch thch mt dng: //
+Ch thch nhiu dng: /* */
6. Phn bit ch thng v ch hoa
C#l ngn ng phn bit ch thng vi ch hoa.

Lu hnh ni b Trang 6

7. Ton t '. '
Ton t '. ' c s dng truy cp n phng thc hay d liu trong mt class v
ngn cch gia tn class n mt namespace.
V d: System.Console.WriteLine()

8. Cu lnh (statement)
Mt ch dn lp trnh y c gi l mt cu lnh.
V d: int bankinh =5 ; // mt cu lnh
chuvi =2 * bankinh * PI ; // mt cu lnh khc
9. Kiu chui k t
Kiu chui k t l mt mng cc k t.
a) Khai bo chui hng:
string <Tn_chui_hng>=<"Noi dung chuoi hang">;
V d: string tentuong ="Nhat Nghe" ;
b) Khai bo bin kiu chui:
string <Bin_chui>[="Noi dung chuoi hang"] ;
V d: string hoten ="Nguyen Van Teo" ;
c) Nhp chui:
<Bin_chui>=System.Console.ReadLine() ;
V d: hoten =System.Console.ReadLine() ;
d) Xut chui:
System.Console.WriteLine("Chuoi") ;
V d: System.Console.WriteLine("Do dai cua chuoi la:") ;
e) Mt s thao tc trn chui:
Phng thc ngha
Length Chiu di ca chui
Substring() Ly chui con
ToLower() Tr v bn sao ca chui kiu ch thng
ToUpper() Tr v bn sao ca chui kiu ch IN HOA
V d 1.4: Nhp vo h v tn, in ra mn hnh h tn bng ch IN HOA, ch thng,
di ca h v tn.
using System ;
class HoTen
{
static void Main()
{ // Khai bao bien
string hoten ;
// Nhap gia tri cho bien chuoi
Console.Write("Nhap Ho va Ten: ") ;
hoten =Console.ReadLine() ;
// Thao tac tren chuoi
string HT =hoten.ToUpper() ;
string ht =hoten.ToLower() ;
int dodai =hoten.Length ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
Console.WriteLine("Ho va Ten (chu IN HOA): {0}", HT) ;
Console.WriteLine("Ho va Ten (chu thuong): {0}", ht) ;
namespace class phng thc

Lu hnh ni b Trang 7

Console.WriteLine("Do dai Ho va Ten la: {0}",dodai) ;
}
}

10. Bng lit k cc t kha ca ngn ng C# 2008
abstract event new struct
as explicit null switch
base extern object this
bool false operator throw
break finally out true
byte fixed override try
case float params typeof
catch for private unit
Char foreach protected ulong
checked goto public unchecked
Class if readonly unsafe
Const implicit ref ushort
continue in return using
decimal interface sbyte virtual
default internal sealed volatile
delegate is short void
do lock sizeof while
double long stackalloc
else namespace static
enum string
from get group
into join let
orderby partial (type) partial (method)
select set value
where (generic type constraint) where (query clause) yield

Bi tp
1. Vit chng trnh nhp vo 1 s nguyn n. Cho bit:
a) n l s chn hay s l ?
b) n l s m hay s khng m ?
2. Vit chng trnh nhp vo 2 s thc dng ch chiu di v chiu rng ca hnh ch
nht. In ra mn hnh chu vi v din tch ca hnh ch nht .

Lu hnh ni b Trang 8

3. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s thc dng ch cnh ca mt hnh vung. Tnh din
tch v chu vi ca hnh vung .
4. Vit chng trnh nhp vo h tn (HoTen), im ton (Toan), im l (Ly), im ho
(Hoa) ca mt hc sinh. In ra mn hnh h tn ca hc sinh di dng ch IN HOA v
im trung bnh (Dtb) ca hc sinh ny theo cng thc: Dtb =(Toan +Ly +Hoa) / 3
5. Vit chng trnh nhp bc lng (BacLuong), ngy cng (NgayCong), ph cp
(PhuCap). Tnh tin lnh (TienLanh) =BacLuong * 650000 * NCTL +PhuCap
Vi: NCTL =NgayCong nu NgayCong <25
=(NgayCong 25) * 2 +25 nu NgayCong >=25
--- oOo ---

Lu hnh ni b Trang 9

Bi 2: (tip theo)
KIU D LIU CU TRC IU KHIN CU TRC LP

V. Kiu d liu

C#chia kiu d liu thnh hai tp hp kiu d liu chnh:
- Kiu xy dng sn (built-in): do ngn ng cung cp cho ngi lp trnh.
- Kiu do ngi dng nh ngha (user-defined): do ngi lp trnh to ra.
1. Kiu d liu dng sn
Kiu C# S byte Kiu .NET M t
byte 1 Byte S nguyn dng khng du t 0 n 255
char 2 Char K t Unicode
bool 1 Boolean Gi tr logic true / false
sbyte 1 Sbyte S nguyn c du t -128 n 127
short 2 Int16 S nguyn c du t -32768 n 32767
ushort 2 Uint16 S nguyn dng khng du t 0 n 65535
int 4 Int32 S nguyn c du t -2.147.483.647 n
2.147.483.647
uint 4 Uint32 S nguyn khng du t 0 n 4.294.967.295
float 4 Single Kiu du chm ng, gi tr xp x t
-3.4E-38 n 3.4E+38, vi 7 ch s c ngha
double 8 Double Kiu du chm ng c chnh xc gp
i, gi tr xp x t -1.7E-308 n
1.7E+308, vi 15, 16 ch s c ngha
decimal 8 Decimal C chnh xc n 28 con s v gi tr thp
phn, c dng trong tnh ton ti chnh,
kiu ny i hi phi c hu t m hay M
long 8 Int64 Kiu s nguyn c du c gi tr trong
khong -9.223.370.036.854.775.808 n
9.223.372.036.854.775.807
ulong 8 Uint64 S nguyn khng du t 0 n
0xfffffffffffffff
* Bng trnh by cc k t c bit
K t ngha
\' Du nhy n
\" Du nhy kp
\\ Du cho
\0 K t null
\a Alert
\b Backspace
\f Sang trang form feed
\n Dng mi
\r u dng
\t Tab ngang
\v Tab dc

Lu hnh ni b Trang 10

2. Chuyn i kiu d liu
V d a:
short x =10 ;
int y =x ; // chuyn i ngm nh
V d b:
short x ;
int y =100 ;
x =(short) y ; // p kiu tng minh, trnh bin dch khng bo li
V d c:
short x ;
int y =100 ;
x =y ; // khng bin dch, li

VI. Cu trc iu khin

1. Cu lnh if else
a) C php:
if (iu_Kin)
<Khi lnh iu_Kin ng>
[else
<Khi lnh iu_Kin sai>]
b) V d 2.1: Dng cu lnh iu kin if else
using System;
class Chan_Le
{
static void Main()
{
int bienDem =9 ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
if (bienDem % 2 ==0)
Console.WriteLine("{0} la so chan", bienDem) ;
else Console.WriteLine("{0} la so le", bienDem) ;
}
}

2. Cu lnh if lng nhau
a. C php:
if (iu_Kin_1)
<Khi lnh 1>
else if (iu_Kin_2)
<Khi lnh 2.1>
else
<Khi lnh 2.2>
b. V d 2.2:
using System;
class Thu_Trong_Tuan


{
static void Main()
{
int thu =5 ; // 0: Chu nhat, 1: Thu hai, 2: Thu ba, 3: Thu tu,
// 4: Thu nam, 5: Thu sau, 6: Thu bay
// Xuat ra man hinh
if ((thu ==1) || (thu ==3) || (thu ==5))
Console.WriteLine("Day la ngay 2-4-6") ;
else if ((thu ==2) || (thu ==4) || (thu ==6))
Console.WriteLine("Day la ngay 3-5-7") ;
else Console.WriteLine("Day la ngay chu nhat") ;
}
}

3. Cu lnh switch
a. C php:
switch (Biu_Thc)
{
case <gi_tr_1>:
<Khi lnh 1>
<Lnh Nhy>
case <gi_tr_2>:
<Khi lnh 2>
<Lnh Nhy>
.
[default:
<Khi lnh khc>]
}
b. V d 2.3:
using System;
class Thu
{
static void Main()
{
int thu =5 ; // 0: Chu nhat, 1: Thu hai, 2: Thu ba, 3: Thu tu,
// 4: Thu nam, 5: Thu sau, 6: Thu bay
// Xuat ra man hinh
switch (thu)
{
case 0:
Console.WriteLine("Chu nhat") ;
break;
case 1:
Console.WriteLine("Thu hai") ;
break;
case 2:


Console.WriteLine("Thu ba") ;
break;
case 3:
Console.WriteLine("Thu tu") ;
break;
case 4:
Console.WriteLine("Thu nam") ;
break;
case 5:
Console.WriteLine("Thu sau") ;
break;
case 6:
Console.WriteLine("Thu bay") ;
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("Khong phai la thu trong tuan") ;
break;
}
}
}

VII. Cu trc lp

1. Lnh lp while
a. C php:
while (iu_Kin)
<Khi lnh>
b. V d 2.4:
using System;
class UsingWhile
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao va khoi tao bien dem
int i =1 ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
while (i<=10) {
Console.WriteLine("i ={0}",i) ;
i++; // tang bien dem,
}
}
}

2. Lnh lp do while
a. C php:
do
<Khi lnh>
while (iu_Kin) ;


b. V d 2.5:
using System;
class UsingDoWhile
{
static void Main()
{
// Khai bao va khoi tao bien dem
int i =1 ;
// Xuat ra man hinh
do {
Console.WriteLine("i ={0}",i) ;
i++; // tang bien dem
} while (i<=10) ;
}
}

3. Lnh lp for
a. C php:
for ([Khi_to] ; [iu_kin] ; [Bc_lp])
<Khi lnh>
b. V d 2.6:
using System;
class UsingFor
{
static void Main()
{
for (int i=1 ; i<=30 ; i++)
if (i % 10 ==0)
Console.Write("{0} \n\r",i) ;
else Console.Write("{0} ",i) ;
}
}

4. Lnh lp foreach
a. C php:
foreach (<Kiu_tp_hp> <Tn_truy_cp_thnh_phn>in <Tn_tp_hp>)
<Khi lnh>
b. V d 2.7:
using System;
public class UsingForeach
{
public static void Main()
{
int[] intArray ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
foreach (int item in intArray)
Console.WriteLine("i ={0} ",item) ;
}
}


Bi tp

1. Vit chng trnh nhp vo 3 s nguyn. In ra mn hnh s nguyn nh nht trong 3 s
.
2. Vit chng trnh nhp vo h tn, im thi cui k ca mt hc sinh. In ra h tn hc
sinh bng ch IN HOA, v kt qu xp loi ca hc sinh theo tiu chun sau:
- Gii: Nu im kt qu >=8
- Kh: Nu 8 > im >=6.5
- Trung bnh: Nu 6.5 > im >=5
- Yu: Nu im <5
3. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc 1: bx +c =0
4. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc 2: ax
2
+bx +c =0
5. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s nguyn cho n khi nhn c s nguyn dng th
dng.
6. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s nguyn n. Cho bit s nguyn n c phi l s nguyn
t khng ?
7. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt s nguyn dng n ch nm dng lch. Cho bit n c
phi l nm nhun khng ?
8. Vit chng trnh nhp vo s nguyn dng n. In ra mn hnh kt qu ca cc tng sau:
a) S
1
=1 +2 +3 +... +n
b) S
2
=1 +
1
2
+
1
3
+... +
1
n

9. Vit chng trnh nhp vo s nguyn dng n. In ra mn hnh:
a) Cc s nguyn dng t 1 n n
b) Tng v trung bnh cng ca n s nguyn dng ny.

--- oOo ---


Chng 2: XY DNG WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATION

Bi 3: XY DNG WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATION

I. S dng Microsoft Visual Studio 2008

1. Khi ng
Bc 1: Khi ng Visual Studio 2008
Start | All Programs | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 | Microsoft Visual Studio 2008
Bc 2: Vo menu File | New | Project
Bc 3: Khai bo

M hp ToolBox: Menu View | ToolBox cha cc control
M ca s Properties: Menu View | Properties cha thuc tnh
M ca s Solution Explorer: Menu View | Solution Explorer ca s Project
xut hin.
Bc 4: Thit k Form Vit code
Thit k form: Nhp vo View Designer (trong ca s Solution Explorer)
Vit code: Nhp vo View Code (trong ca s Solution Explorer)
Bc 5: chy chng trnh, nhn F5 hoc nhp vo nt
dng chng trnh, nhn Shift +F5 hoc nhp vo nt
* Cc thao tc vi Project / Solution
a. To Project


C1. Vo menu File | New | Project
C2. Ctrl +Shift +N
C3. Chn cng c New Project trn thanh Standart
b. M Project / Solution:
C1. Vo menu File | Open | Project / Solution
C2. Ctrl +Shift +O
c. Lu Project / Solution
C1. Vo menu File | Save All
C2. Chn cng c Save All trn thanh Standart
d. ng Solution: Vo menu File | Close Solution

2. Mn hnh giao din ca Windows Forms
a. Ca s thit k Form (Designer):

b. Ca s thit vit code:

* Cc thao tc vi Form
a. Thm mt Form mi vo Project:


b1. C1. Vo menu Project | Add New Item
C2. Chn cng c Add New Item trn thanh Standart
b2. Khai bo
+Categories: chn Windows Forms
+Templates: chn Windows Form
+Name: t tn Form
b3. Nhp Add
b. Thm mt Form c sn vo Project:
b1. Vo menu Project | Add Existing Item
b2. Chn Form
b3. Nhp Add
c. Xa b mt Form ang c trong Project:
b1. Chn Form cn g b ( ca s Solution Explorer)
b2. Vo menu Edit | Delete
d. Lu Form
- Vo menu File | Save Form.cs
- Ctrl +S
* Ghi ch
- Ta em b vo form cc i tng nh: Label, TextBox, Button,
+Label, TextBox, Button, c gi l control hay cn gi l component.
+Form c gi l control cha.
- Khi thay i ni dung ca Label, TextBox, Button, ta thay i vo Text. Text c
gi l Property ca control.

3. Control l g?
- Control l lp (class) cc thnh phn c thm vo Windows Forms tng tc gia
ngi s dng vi Windows.
- C rt nhiu loi control trong Windows Forms nh: Label, TextBox, ListBox,
ComboBox, Button,
- Cc control s dng trn Windows Forms dng namespace System.Windows.Forms.

4. Properties (thuc tnh) ca control
- Properties l nhng thng tin m ta c th thay i ni dung, cch trnh by ca
ngi thit k ng dng vo control.
- Mi lp (class) c nhiu property khc nhau. Tuy nhin, vn c mt s property ging
nhau c xy dng t lp ban u.
* Bng trnh by cc thuc tnh (Properties) ging nhau
Thuc tnh M t
Anchor C 4 hng c nh ngha l: top, bottom, left, right c nh (neo).
Khi control cha n thay i kch thc th n s b thay i kch thc
nu nu cc hng left / right / top / bottom b c nh (neo).
BackColor Mu nn ca control.
Bottom L khong cch theo chiu dc t cnh y ca control n cnh trn
ca control cha n.
Dock Ging nh Anchor nhng vic c nh (neo) ny theo mt cnh no
ca control (hoc c 4 cnh) vi control cha n.
Enabled Control c php tng tc (True) hay khng c php tng tc
(False)) vi ngi dng.


ForeColor Mu ch ca control.
Height L chiu cao ca control tnh t cnh trn ca control n cnh di ca
control.
Left L khong cch theo chiu ngang t cnh tri ca control n cnh tri
ca control cha n.
Name Tn ca control.
Parent Ch n control cha control hin hnh.
Right L khong cch theo chiu ngang t cnh phi ca control n cnh tri
ca control cha n.
TabIndex Th t focus khi nhn phm Tab (trn bn phm) ca control so vi cc
control khc cng nm trong control cha n.
TabStop Ch nh control c c php bt (True) / khng c php bt
(False) phm Tab. Nu khng c php th TabIndex cng khng dng
c.
Tag L nhn phn bit gia cc control ging nhau trong cng form.
Text Ni dung hin trong control.
Top L khong cch theo chiu dc t cnh trn ca control n cnh trn
ca control cha n.
Visible Cho php control hin (True) / khng hin (False) khi chy ng dng.
Width L chiu rng ca control tnh t cnh tri ca control n cnh phi ca
control.
* Bng trnh by cc phng thc (Method) x l trn chui
Phng thc M t
Clear() Xa ni dung
ResetText() Xa ni dung Text
Trim() Ct b khong trng tha hai bn chui

II. Cc control c bn

1. Label ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Hin th chui k t khng thay i trn form (nhn).
b. To Label:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v Label trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
AutoSize iu chnh kch thc i tng cho va vi chiu di chui k t
Font
Name Quy nh font ch cho vn bn
Bold True: m / False: b m
Italic True: nghing / False: b nghing
Size Quy nh c ch cho vn bn
Underline True: gch di / False: b gch di
TextAlign Canh l (Left / Center / Right)
2. TextBox ( )


a. Cng dng:
- Dng trnh by vn bn v cho php ngi dng c thay i ni dung vn bn.
- Cng dng chnh l cho ngi dng nhp vn bn.
b. To TextBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v TextBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
PasswordChar Quy nh k t hin th cho mt khu.
Multiline True: hin thanh cun / False: khng hin thanh cun
ScrollBars Thanh cun (None / Horizontal / Vertical / Both)
3. Button ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Dng thc thi lnh.
- Khi nhp chut ln button, chng trnh nhn c tn hiu Click v lnh c thi hnh.
b. To Button:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v Button trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
Text Nhp ni dung vo Button
4. CheckBox ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Cho php ngi dng chn hoc khng chn.
b. To CheckBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v CheckBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
Checked Khng c du check (False) / C du check (True)
V d 3.1:
* Khi to mt ng dng Windows Forms Application, lu vi tn l Vi Du 3.1 nh sau:

* Yu cu:
- Nhp:
+Username vo TextBox Tn ng nhp (Name: txtUser)
+Password vo TextBox Mt khu (Name: txtPass)


- Chn hoc khng chn CheckBox Ghi nh (Name: chkNho)
- Nhp button ng nhp th hin ra hp thng bo cha Tn ng nhp, Mt khu; V
Bn c ghi nh (nu chkNho c nh du chn).
- Nhp button Xa th xa trng TextBox Tn ng nhp v TextBox Mt khu, ng
thi di chuyn con tr vo txtUser.
- Nhp button Dng th dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn:
- Thit k Form nh yu cu, trong form c cc thuc tnh sau:
+AutoSize: True
+Font: Times New Roman
+Size: 12
+ Text: Form ng Nhp
+Icon: logo.ico
- Nhp p vo button ng nhp, thm on code sau:
st r i ng t hongbao;
t hongbao = "Tn ng nhp l: " ;
t hongbao += t hi s. t xt User . Text ;
t hongbao += " \ n\ r Mt khu l: " ;
t hongbao += t hi s. t xt Pass. Text ;
i f ( t hi s. chkNho. Checked==t r ue) {
t hongbao += " \ n\ r Bn c ghi nh.";
}
MessageBox. Show( t hongbao, " Thng bo" ) ;
- Nhp p vo button Xa, thm on code sau:
t hi s. t xt User . Cl ear ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt Pass. Cl ear ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt User . Focus( ) ;
- Nhp p vo button Dng, thm on code sau:
Appl i cat i on. Exi t ( ) ;
+C th thay button Xa bng button Reset vi on code nh sau:
t hi s. t xt User . Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt Pass. Reset Text ( ) ;
* Phn B sung:
1. MessageBox.Show: hin hp thng bo
MessageBox. Show( " Thng bo" , "Tiu ") ;
MessageBox. Show( " Thng bo" , "Tiu ", But t ons, I con) ;
+ But t ons ( nt l nh):
MessageBoxBut t ons. OK
MessageBoxBut t ons. OKCancel
MessageBoxBut t ons. YesNo
MessageBoxBut t ons. YesNoCancel
+ I con ( bi u tng):
MessageBoxI con. I nf or mat i on
MessageBoxI con. Quest i on
MessageBoxI con. War ni ng
+ Di al ogResul t ( kt qu tr v):
Di al ogResul t . Ok


Di al ogResul t . Yes
2. Dng chng trnh:
t hi s. Cl ose( ) ;
3. Event (s kin) l g?
- S kin l nhng phn ng ca i tng. Ni cch khc, s kin l nhng tn hiu pht
ra khi ngi dng thao tc trn i tng.
- Nh c event, ngi lp trnh s nhn c nhng tn hiu v x l nhng tn hiu
phn hi li cho ngi dng, to nn s nhp nhng cho chng trnh.
4. Bng trnh by cc s kin (Events) ca control
S kin M t
Click Gi n khi control b Click. Trong mt vi control, event ny cng xy
ra khi ngi dng nhn phm Enter.
DoubleClick Gi n khi control b Double-Click. Trong mt vi control, event ny
khng bo gi c gi. V d: control Button.
DragDrop Gi n khi vic Drag and Drop c hon tt.
DragEnter Gi n khi i tng va c Drag n bin ca control.
DragLeave Gi n khi i tng va c Drag ra ngoi bin ca control.
DragOver Gi n khi i tng c Drag bn trong control.
KeyDown Gi n khi va bm mt phm bt k t 1 control ang focus.
S kin ny lun c gi trc s kin KeyUp.
KeyPress Gi n khi va bm mt phm bt k t 1 control c focus.
S kin ny c gi sau s kin KeyUp.
KeyUp Gi n khi va bm mt phm bt k ri th ra t 1 control ang focus.
S kin ny lun c gi sau s kin KeyDown.
GotFocus Gi n khi control c focus.
LostFocus Gi n khi control b mt focus.
MouseDown Gi n khi con tr chut nm trn 1 control v nt chut c nhp
nhng cha th ra.
MouseMove Gi n khi con tr chut i qua 1 control.
MouseUp Gi n khi con tr chut nm trn 1 control v nt chut va c th.
Paint Gi n khi control c v.
Validated Gi n khi control focus, property CaucesValidation c t l true
v sau khi gi vic kim tra bng Validating.
Validating Gi n khi control mt focus, property CaucesValidation c t l
true.
V d 3.2:
* Ci tin Vi Du 3.1 cho button Dng nh sau:
- Khi nhp vo button Dng th xut hin hp thoi hi p c 2 button Ok, Cancel.
- Chng trnh ch dng khi nhp tip vo nt Ok.
* Hng dn: Sa li button Dng nh sau
Di al ogResul t t r al oi ;
t r al oi = MessageBox. Show( " Chc khng?", " Tr li",
MessageBoxBut t ons. OKCancel , MessageBoxI con. Quest i on) ;
i f ( t r al oi == Di al ogResul t . OK) Appl i cat i on. Exi t ( ) ;
V d 3.3:
* Khi to mt ng dng Windows Forms Application, lu vi tn l Vi Du 3.3 gm:


- Form1: c thit k nh sau

- Form2: c thit k nh sau

(txtUser, txtPass, btnDangnhap, btnThoat)
* Yu cu:
- Khi chy chng trnh th Form2 (ng nhp h thng) c m ln trc.
- Nhp:
+Tn ngi dng vo TextBox txtUser
+Mt khu vo TextBox txtPass
- Nhp button ng nhp th thc hin kim tra
+Nu txtUser = "teonv" v txtPass = "123" th chuyn sang Form1.
+Ngc li th thng bo "Khng ng tn ngi dng / mt khu !!!"
- Nhp button Thot th hin th thng bo "Chc khng? "
+Nu chn Yes th kt thc chng trnh.
+ Ngc li th tr li mn hnh ng nhp h thng.
* Hng dn:
- Form1
. Thit k Form nh yu cu, trong form c cc thuc tnh sau:
+AutoSize: True
+Size: 12
+Text: Mn hnh chnh
+Icon: star.ico
. Form load:
For mf r m= new For m2( ) ;
f r m. ShowDi al og( ) ;
- Form2
. Thit k Form nh yu cu, trong form c cc thuc tnh sau:
+AutoSize: True


+Size: 12
+Text: ng nhp h thng
+Icon: logo.ico
. ng nhp: Nhp p vo button btnDangnhap, g vo on code sau
i f ( ( t hi s. t xt User . Text =="t eonv") &&( t hi s. t xt Pass. Text =="123") )
t hi s. Cl ose( ) ;
el se
{
MessageBox. Show( "Khng ng tn ngi dng / mt
khu !!!", " Thng bo" ) ;
}
. Thot: Nhp p vo button btnThoat, g vo on code sau
i f ( t r al oi == Di al ogResul t . OK)

Bi tp

1. - Thit k form nh mu.

(txtsSo1, txtSo2, txtKQ, btnCong, btnTru, btnNhan, btnChia, btnXoa)
- Vit chng trnh lm cc php ton: cng, tr, nhn, chia cho cc button btnCong,
btnTru, btnNhan, btnChia.
- Xa: Xa trng cc TextBox.
- Thm vo button Dng (btnDung), khi nhp vo btnDung th dng chng trnh.
- Ci tin:
Khi nhp button btnChia, nu txtSo2 l 0 th xut hin hp thng bo li ri xa trng
txtSo2 v di chuyn con tr n TextBox ny.
2. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc nht: bx +c =0


(txtB, txtC, btnGiai, txtKQ)
- Thm vo button Dng, khi nhp vo button ny th dng chng trnh.
3. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc hai: ax
2
+bx +c =0
4. Vit chng trnh nhp vo: h tn (txtHoTen), n (chkNu), im vn (txtVan), im
ton (txtToan), im ngoi ng (txtNN).
- Nhp vo nt Tnh (btnTinh) th in ra im thp nht (txtDTN), im kt qu (txtDKQ),
xp loi (txtXL). Bit rng:
+im thp nht: txtDTN l im thp nht trong 3 im: vn, ton, ngoi ng.
+im thm: DThem =0.5 nu l n; DThem =0 nu l nam.
+im kt qu: txtKQ =txtVan * 2 +txtToan * 2 +txtNN +DThem
+Xp loi theo tiu chun:
. Gii: nu txtKQ >=40 v txtDTN >=7
. Kh: nu txtKQ >=35 v txtDTN >=6
. Trung bnh: nu txtKQ >=25 v txtDTN >=5
. Yu: cc trng hp cn li
- Nhp vo nt Xa (btnXoa) th xa ht cc ni dung trong cc TextBox.
- Thm vo button Dng, khi nhp vo button ny th dng chng trnh.
5. Vit chng trnh to mt ng dng gm:
- Form1: Mn hnh chnh c 5 button: Bi tp 1 (btnBT1), Bi tp 2 (btnBT2), Bi tp 3
(btnBT3), Bi tp 4 (btnBT4), Thot (btnThoat).
+Khi nhp vo Button Bi Tp 1: m Form2
- Form2: thc hin bi tp 1. B sung Button Tr v ng Form2.

--- oOo ---


Bi 4: (tip theo) XY DNG WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATION

5. ListBox ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Dng hin th mt danh sch cc la chn.
b. To ListBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v ListBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
Items Cc mc gi tr trong ListBox
SelectedItem Item c chn
Phng thc M t
Add("chui") Thm mt mc gi tr l "chui"
ToString() Tr v chui k t c chn
* Nhp gi tr vo ListBox: <Ten_ListBox>.Items.Add ("Chui") ;
* Ly gi tr trong ListBox: <Ten_ListBox>.SelectedItem.ToString() ;
V d 4.1:

* Yu cu:
- ListBox lstWeb (Lin kt website) cha cc gi tr:
+Tui tr
+Thanh nin
+VNExpress
+Dn tr
+Cng an
- TextBox txtKQ (cha kt qu) trng.
- Nhp button btnOk (Ok) s hin trong txtKQ tn website c chn lstWeb.
- Nhp button btnReset (Reset) s xa trng txtKQ.
* Hng dn:
+AutoSize: True
+Size: 12
+Text: FormWebLinks
- Nhp p vo button Ok ri thm on code sau:
t hi s. t xt KQ. Text = " Bn chn website ";
t hi s. t xt KQ. Text += t hi s. l st Web. Sel ect edI t em. ToSt r i ng( ) ;


- Nhp p vo button Reset ri thm on code sau:
t hi s. t xt KQ. Reset Text ( ) ;
* Ci tin: Ta c th a cc gi tr ca lstWeb trong Form1_Load.
+Thit k li form nh sau

+Nhp p chut vo nn form, ri g on code
t hi s. l st Web. I t ems. Add( " Tui tr") ;
t hi s. l st Web. I t ems. Add( " Thanh ni n" ) ;
t hi s. l st Web. I t ems. Add( " VNExpr ess" ) ;
t hi s. l st Web. I t ems. Add( " Dn t r " ) ;
t hi s. l st Web. I t ems. Add( " Cng an" ) ;
t hi s. l st Web. Sel ect edI t em= " Tui tr";
6. ComboBox ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Dng hin th mt danh sch cc la chn / hoc nhp vo mt gi tr.
b. To ComboBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v ComboBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
DisplayMember Gn ni dung th hin trn ComboBox
Items Lit k cc mc gi tr trong ComboBox
SelectedItem Ly Item c chn
SelectedText Ly ni dung th hin trn ComboBox t DisplayMember
SelectedValue Ly gi tr t ValueMember
ValueMember Gn gi tr cho ComboBox
V d 4.2:

* Yu cu:
Thc hin ging nh V d 4.1,
nhng thay ListBox bng ComboBox
cbWeb.


7. RadioButton ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Dng chn mt trong cc la chn trong danh sch.
b. To RadioButton:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v RadioButton trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
Checked Khng c du chn (False) / C du chn (True)

8. GroupBox ( )
a. Cng dng:
- To ra mt nhm.
b. GroupBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v GroupBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
BackgroundImage Hnh nn
BackgroundImageLayout None / Tile / Center / Stretch / Zoom
V d 4.3:

* Yu cu:
- Nhp h v tn vo TextBox txtHoTen
- Chn kiu ch
+Radio Button (rad1): ch thng
+Radio Button (rad2): ch HOA
- Nhp vo Button Kt qu (btnKQ) s in h v tn bng kiu ch c chn trong
TextBox txtKQ.
- Nhp vo Button Xa (btnXoa) s xa trng txtHoTen, txtKQ, rad1 c chn v a
con tr vo TextBox txtHoTen.
* Hng dn:
+AutoSize: True


+Size: 12
+ Text: i kiu ch
- Nhp p vo nt Kt qu ri thm on code sau:
st r i ng hot en=t hi s. t xt HoTen. Text . Tr i m( ) ;
i f ( t hi s. r ad1. Checked == t r ue)
t xt KQ. Text = hot en. ToLower ( ) ;
i f ( t hi s. r ad2. Checked == t r ue)
t xt KQ. Text = hot en. ToUpper ( ) ;
- Nhp p vo nt Xa ri thm on code sau:
t hi s. t xt HoTen. Cl ear ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt KQ. Cl ear ( ) ;
t hi s. r ad1. Checked = t r ue;
t hi s. t xt HoTen. Focus( ) ;
* B sung:
- Nhp vo Button Dng (btnDung) s dng chng trnh: thit k v vit code sau
9. Timer ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Quy nh khong thi gian nh k thc hin mt cng vic.
b. To Timer:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v Timer l control dng unvisible (n).
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
Enabled Bt / tt ch hn thi gian
Interval Khong thi gian nh k
V d 4.4:

* Yu cu:
- To Timer1 c Enabled =false; Interval =1000
- Khi to bin m i =20
- Button Bt u (btnBatDau): dng bt ch hn thi gian.
- Button Dng (btnDung): dng dng chng trnh.
- Timer1: m ngc t 20 n 1 v xut ra dng ch Ht gi.
+Xut gi tr bin m i ra Label lblDongHo.
+Gim bin i xung 1 n v.
+Khi bin m i <0 th tt ch hn gi v xut Ht gi! ra Label lblDongHo.
* Hng dn:


+AutoSize: True
+Size: 12
+ Text: ng h m ngc
- Khai bo bin m i: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau:
publ i c For m1( )
{
I ni t i al i zeComponent ( ) ;
}
i nt i = 10;
- Nhp p vo nt Bt u ri thm on code sau:
t hi s. t i mer 1. Enabl ed = t r ue;
- Nhp p vo nt Dng ri thm on code sau:
- Nhp p vo nt Timer1 (Timer1_Tick) ri thm on code sau:
t hi s. l bl DongHo. Text = i . ToSt r i ng( ) ;
i - - ;
i f ( i < 0)
t hi s. t i mer 1. Enabl ed = f al se;
10. RichTextBox ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Dng nhp vn bn vi nh dng vn bn a dng.
b. To RichTextBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v RichTextBox trn form.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
ReadOnly Khng cho son tho, ch c.
11. Panel ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Bng cha cc control hay mt nhm cc control.
b. To Panel:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v Panel.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t
AutoScroll T ng cun nu s control nm ngoi vng
BorderStyle None / FixedSingle / Fixed3D
12. PictureBox ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Khung cha hnh nh.
b. To PictureBox:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v PictureBox.
c. Thuc tnh:
Thuc tnh M t


Image Hnh cha trong PictureBox
13. ErrorProvider ( )
a. Cng dng:
- H tr thng bo li cho cc control khc.
- Thng c dng vi control input (v d: TextBox) rng buc vi 1 iu kin nhp
no .
b. To ErrorProvider:
- Chn cng c
- R chut v v ErrorProvider l control dng unvisible (n).

III. Menu v ToolBar

1. MenuStrip ( )
a. Cng dng:
- To menu.
b. To MenuStrip:
- Nhp p vo control .
- Nhp menu.
2. ToolStrip ( )
a. Cng dng:
- To ra toolbar.
b. To ToolStrip:
- Chn cng c
- Ko control ToolStrip vo trong form.
- Bm vo ToolStrip va to, ta c th to ra cc tool (cng c) nh: Label, TextBox,
Button, ComboBox, DropDownButton.
V d 4.5:
* To ng dngWindows Forms Application nh hnh.
* Hng dn: dng RichTextBox, MenuStrip v ToolStrip.


IV. Common Dialog (Hp thoi dng chung)

1. FontDialog ( )
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Font.
b. To FontDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
2. OpenFileDialog ( )
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Open File.
b. To OpenFileDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
3. SaveFileDialog ( )
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Save File.
b. To SaveFileDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
4. PrintPreviewDialog ( )
a. Cng dng:
- Xem trc khi in.
b. To SaveFileDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
5. PrintDialog ( )
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Print File.
b. To PrintDialog:
- Nhp p vo control
6. FolderBrowserDialog ( )
a. Cng dng:
- To ra hp thoi Browser.
b. To FolderBrowserDialog:
- Nhp p vo control


Bi tp

1. Vit chng trnh to dng ch xut hin ln lt tng k t, c ni dung nh sau:

( lblChucMung, Timer1, btnDungChay, btnThoat)
- Button Dng/Chy c nhim v khng cho / cho Timer hot ng v i ni dung
(Text) ca button btnDungChay t Dng sang Chy hoc ngc li.
- Button Thot dng dng chng trnh.

2. Vit chng trnh to form Bm bay (trong phm vi form) nh sau:

* Hng dn:
S dng: timer, PictureBox, Button v 2 file hnh BFClose.ico, BFOpen.ico

3. Vit chng trnh nhp hai s nguyn dng n v m. Tnh theo yu cu chn nh sau:


(txtN, txtM, rad1, rad2, txtKQ, btnTinh, btnXoa, btnThoat)
- Button Tnh (btnTinh): tnh ton v xut kt qu ra TextBox txtKQ.
- Button Xa: xa trng tt c cc TextBox, a con tr vo txtN.
- Button Thot: dng chng trnh.

4. T V D 4.5, to v b sung thm cc cng c CommonDialog c ng dng dng
giao din n vn bn (Single-Document Interface SDI).

5. Pht trin bi tp 4, c th m cng lc nhiu ca s - dng giao din a vn bn
(Multi-Document Interface MDI)

-- oOo --


Chng 3: ARRAY - STRING - EXCEPTION

Bi 5: ARRAY (MNG)

I. Mng 1 chiu

1. nh ngha
- Mng l mt tp hp c th t ca nhng i tng (objects), tt c cc i tng ny
c cng mt kiu d liu.
- Mng trong ngn ng C#s dng nhng phng thc v cc thuc tnh. Th hin ca
mng trong C#c th truy cp nhng phng thc v cc thuc tnh ca System.Array.
- Mt s cc thuc tnh v phng thc ca lp System.Array:
Thnh vin M t
Sort() Phng thc sp xp gi tr tng dn trong mng mt chiu
Reverse() Phng thc sp xp gi tr gim dn trong mng mt chiu
Length Thuc tnh chiu di ca mng
SetValue() Phng thc thit lp gi tr cho mt thnh phn xc nh trong mng

2. Khai bo mng:
<kiu d liu>[] <tn mng>;
V d:
int[] myIntArray ;
To th hin ca mng: s dng t kha new
V d:
myIntArray =new int[5] ;

3. Khi to thnh phn ca mng
- To th hin ca mng ng thi vi khi to cc gi tr:
+Cch 1:
int[] myIntArray =new int[5] {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
+Cch 2:
int[] myIntArray ={2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
- Cc khai bo trn s thit lp bn trong b nh mt mng cha 5 s nguyn.
Ch : Khng th thit lp li kch thc cho mng.

4. Gi tr mc nh:
- Khi chng ta to mt mng c kiu d liu gi tr, mi thnh phn s cha gi tr mc
nh ca kiu d liu.
V d:
Vi khai bo int myIntArray = new int[5] ; th:
- Mi thnh phn ca mng c thit lp gi tr l 0 (gi tr mc nh ca s nguyn).
- Nhng kiu tham chiu trong mt mng khng c khi to gi tr mc nh, chng
c khi to gi tr null.

5. Truy cp cc thnh phn trong mng:
- truy cp vo thnh phn trong mng ta s dng ton t ch mc ([]).
- Ch mc ca thnh phn u tin trong mng lun lun l 0.
- Thuc tnh Length ca mng cho bit s i tng trong mt mng.


6. Duyt mng 1 chiu:
f or ( i nt i =0; i < myI nt Ar r ay. Lengt h; i ++) {
x l myIntArraya[i];
}
C t h thay for bng foreach nh sau
f or each ( i nt phant u i n a) {
x l myIntArraya[i];
}

V d 5.1: (Mng 5 s nguyn t 1 n 5)

* Yu cu
- Thit k form nh mu (lblKQ, btnIn, btnXoa, btnDung).
- Khai bo mng 1 chiu (a) gm 5 s nguyn t 1 n 5.
- Nhp vo button In mng (btnIn) s in ra label (lblKQ) cc gi tr trong mng.
- Nhp vo button Xa (btnXoa) s xa trng ni dung ca label (lblKQ).
- Nhp vo button Dng s dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn
- Thit k form nh yu cu.
- Khai bo mng: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau:
publ i c par t i al cl ass For m1 : For m
{
/ / Khai bao mang 1 chi eu gom5 so nguyen t u 1 den 5
i nt [ ] a = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
}
- Nhp p vo button In mng, thm on code sau:
/ / Xuat cac phan t u t r ong mang r a man hi nh
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text =" Cc phn t trong mng l: \ n\ r " ;
f or ( i nt i =0; i < a. Lengt h; i ++) {
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += a[ i ] +" " ;
}
C th thay for bng foreach nh sau
f or each ( i nt phant u i n a) {
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += a[ i ] +" " ;
}
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " " ;


V d 5.2: (Mng 5 s nguyn)

* Yu cu
- Thit k form: btnNhap, txtNhap, btnTang, btnGiam, lblKQ, btnIn, btnXoa, btnDung.
- Khai bo mng 1 chiu (a) cha 5 s nguyn, s phn t hin c (sopt) l 0.
- Nhp s vo TextBox txtNhap, nhp vo button Nhp 1 phn t mng (btnNhap) cho
php a gi tr trong TextBox txtNhap vo mng. Khi mng 5 s nguyn th phi
thng bo Mng y v khng cho nhp na.
- Nhp vo button Sp tng (btnTang) s sp xp mng theo th t tng dn.
- Nhp vo button Sp gim (btnGiam) s sp xp mng theo th t gim dn.
- Nhp vo button Xa (btnXoa) s xa trng ni dung ca label (lblKQ) ng thi khai
bo li s phn t hin c (sopt) ca mng l 0.
* Hng dn
- Khai bo mng nh sau:
{
/ / Khai bao mang 1 chi eu gom5 so nguyen
i nt [ ] a = new i nt [ 5] ;
/ / Khai bao so phan t u hi en co cua mang
i nt sopt = 0;
}
- Nhp p vo button Nhp 1 phn t mng, thm on code sau:
/ / Nhap mot phan t u cho mang
i f ( sopt == 5)
MessageBox. Show( " Mng y!") ;
el se
{
a[ sopt ] = Conver t . ToI nt 32( t hi s. t xt Nhap. Text ) ;
sopt ++;
t hi s. t xt Nhap. Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt Nhap. Focus( ) ;
}
- Nhp p vo button Sp tng, thm on code sau:
/ / Sap xep mang gi am
i f ( sopt == 0)
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Mng rng!";


el se
Ar r ay. Sor t ( a, 0, sopt ) ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " sp xp mng tng dn!";
- Nhp p vo button Sp gim, thm on code sau:
/ / Sap xep mang gi am
i f ( sopt == 0)
el se
Ar r ay. Rever se( a, 0, sopt ) ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " sp xp mng gim dn!";
sopt = 0;
t hi s. t xt Nhap. Focus( ) ;
i f ( sopt ==0)
el se
{
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text =" Cc phn t trong mng l: \ n\ r " ;
f or ( i nt i = 0; i < sopt ; i ++)
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += a[ i ] + " " ;
}

II. Mng nhiu chiu

1. nh ngha
- Mng a chiu l mng m mi thnh phn l mt mng khc.
- Ngn ng C#h tr hai kiu mng a chiu l:
+Mng a chiu cng kch thc.
+Mng a chiu khc kch thc.
- Trong phm vi bi hc ny, ta ch kho st mng 2 chiu m thi.

2. Khai bo mng 2 chiu
<kiu d liu>[ , ] <tn mng>
V d:
int[ , ] myRectangularArray ;

3. Khi to thnh phn ca mng
int[] myRectangularArray =new int[sodong , socot] ;

4. Duyt mng 2 chiu
f or ( i nt i = 0; i < sodong; i ++)
{
f or ( i nt j = 0; j < socot ; j ++)
{


X l myRect angul ar Ar r ay[ i , j ] ;
}
}
V d 5.3:

* Yu cu
- Thit k form nh mu (lblKQ, btnIn, btnXoa, btnDung, btnNhap, btnSapXep).
- Khai bo mng 2 chiu gm 4 dng, 3 ct cha cc s nguyn.
- Nhp vo button Nhp mng nhp cc phn t cho mng (c gi tr =dng - ct).
- Nhp vo button Sp Xp s sp xp mng tng dn theo tng hng.
- Nhp vo button Xa (btnXoa) s xa trng ni dung ca label (lblKQ).
* Hng dn
- Khai bo mng: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau:
{ / / Khai bao 4 dong 3 cot
const i nt sodong = 4;
const i nt socot = 3;
/ / Khai bao mang 2 chi eu gom4 dong, 3 cot chua 12 so
nguyen
i nt [ , ] Ar r ay2 = new i nt [ sodong, socot ] ;
}
- Nhp p vo button Nhp mng, thm on code sau:
/ / Nhap cac phan t u cho mang
f or ( i nt i =0; i < sodong; i ++)
f or ( i nt j =0; j < socot ; j ++)
Ar r ay2[ i , j ] = i - j ;
- Nhp p vo button Sp xp, thm on code sau:
/ / Sap xep mang
i nt [ ] t = new i nt [ sodong * socot ] ;
{
f or ( i nt j = 0; j < socot ; j ++)
t [ j ] = Ar r ay2[ i , j ] ;
Ar r ay. Sor t ( t , 0, socot ) ;


f or ( i nt j = 0; j < socot ; j ++)
Ar r ay2[ i , j ] =t [ j ] ;
}
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Cc phn t trong mng l: \ n\ r " ;
{
f or ( i nt j = 0; j < socot ; j ++)
{
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += Ar r ay2[ i , j ] + " " ;
}
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " \ n\ r " ;
}

Bi tp

Khi to mt ng dng Windows Forms Application:

1. Khai bo 1 mng nguyn 1 chiu ti a 10 phn t. Vit chng trnh:
- Nhp vo gi tr cho 1 phn t trong mng.
- In gi tr ca cc phn t trong mng.
- In gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca cc phn t trong mng.
- In tng s cc gi tr, trung bnh cng cc gi tr ca cc phn t trong mng.
2. Khai bo 1 mng nguyn 2 chiu 4 dng, 5 ct. Vit chng trnh:
- Nhp gi tr cho cc phn t trong mng (gi tr =s th t dng +s th t ct).
- In gi tr cc phn t trong mng.
- In gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca cc phn t trong mng.
- In tng s cc gi tr, trung bnh cng cc gi tr ca cc phn t trong mng.

-- oOo --


Bi 6: (tip theo) STRING (CHUI) EXCEPTION (NGOI L)

III. String (Chui)

1. To mt chui
a. Chui hng
string TenChuoi ="Chui" ;
V d:
string thongbao ="y l mt cu thng bo." ;
Ch : Ta c 2 khai bo chui sau l nh nhau
string chuoi ="Dong mot \n Dong hai";
string chuoi =@"Dong mot
Dong hai";
b. Chui dng phng thc ToString
V d:
int myInt =9 ;
string intString =myInt.ToString();

2. Thao tc trn chui
Lp string cung cp rt nhiu cc phng thc so snh, tm kim, thay th ; cc
phng thc ny c trnh by trong bng sau:
Phng thc ngha
Compare() So snh hai chui (Chui 1 ? Chui 2) =(-1 ; 0 ; 1) tng ng (<, =, >)
Concat() Ni chui
EndsWidth() Xem chui c kt thc bng mt nhm k t xc nh hay khng.
IndexOf() Ch ra v tr xut hin u tin ca mt chui con trong chui ln.
Insert() Tr v mt chui mi c chn thm.
LastIndexOf() Ch ra v tr xut hin cui cng ca mt chui con trong chui ln.
Length Chiu di ca chui.
Remove() Xo i mt chui con.
Replace() Thay th chui c bng chui mi.
Split() Tr v chui con c phn nh bi k t xc nh.
StartsWidth() Xem chui c bt u bng mt nhm k t xc nh hay khng.
Substring() Ly chui con.
ToLower() Tr v bn sao ca chui kiu ch thng.
ToUpper() Tr v bn sao ca chui kiu ch IN HOA.

3. V d 6.1
* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lblTieuDe, lbl1, txtS1, lbl2, txtS2, lbl3, lblKQ, v cc button (xem
hnh).
- Nhp vo button Compare: so snh 2 chui txtS1 v txtS2 (c phn bit ch HOA v
ch thng), kt qu xut trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button COMPARE: so snh 2 chui txtS1 v txtS2 (khng phn bit ch
HOA v ch thng), kt qu xut trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Concat, ni 2 chui txtS1 v txtS2, kt qu xut trong lblKQ.


- Nhp button IndexOf, cho bit v tr xut hin ca chui txtS2 trong chui txtS1. Nu
c txtS2 trong txtS1 th thay th txtS2 (trong txtS1) bng chui " CH NY" . Xut kt qu
trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Insert, chn chui txtS2 vo sau t u tin ca chui txtS1; v chn
chui txtS2 vo trc t sau cng ca chui txtS1. Xut kt qu trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Substring, cho bit v tr xut hin ca chui " TR NH X L" trong
lblTieuDe. Nu c th xa chui ra khi lblTieuDe. Xut kt qu trong lblKQ.
- Nhp button Xa th xa trng: TextBox txtS1, TextBox txtS2, Label lblKQ ng thi
a con tr vo TextBox txtS1.

* Hng dn
- Nhp p vo button Compare, thm vo on code:
st r i ng s1=t hi s. t xt S1. Text ;
/ / So snh hai chui vi nhau c phn bit ch thng v
ch hoa
i nt kq = st r i ng. Compar e( s1, s2) ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " t xt S1 " ;
i f ( kq == - 1)
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " <" ;
el se i f ( kq == 0)
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " =" ;
el se
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " >" ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " t xt S2" ;
- Nhp p vo button COMPARE, thm vo on code:


/ / So snh hai chui vi nhau khng phn bit ch thng
v ch hoa
i nt kq = st r i ng. Compar e( s1, s2, true) ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " t xt S1 " ;
i f ( kq == - 1)
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " <" ;
el se i f ( kq == 0)
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " =" ;
el se
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " >" ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " t xt S2" ;
- Nhp p vo button Concat, thm vo on code:
st r i ng s1 = t hi s. t xt S1. Text ;
/ / Ni chui
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = st r i ng. Concat ( s1, s2) ;
- Nhp p vo button IndexOf, thm vo on code:
/ / Ch ra v tr xut hin ca chui 2 trong chui 1
i f ( s1. I ndexOf ( s2) >= 0)
{
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " t xt S2 xut hin trong txtS1 ti
v tr ";
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s1. I ndexOf ( s2) ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " . ! " ;
/ / Thay t h chui s="CH NY" vo v tr chui 2
t r ong chui 1
st r i ng s = " CH NY" ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " \ n\ r Thay t h txtS2 trong txtS1
bng chui CH NY, " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " \ n\ r Kt qu:"+s1. Repl ace( s2, s) ;
}
el se t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " t xt S2 khng xut hin trong
t xt S1! " ;
- Nhp p vo button Insert, thm vo on code:
/ / Chn chui 2 vo sau t u tin ca chui 1
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Chn t xt S2 vo sau t u tin ca
t xt S1: \ n\ r " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s1. I nser t ( s1. I ndexOf ( " " ) , s2) ;
/ / Chn chui 2 vo trc t cui cng ca chui 1
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " \ n\ rChn txtS2 vo trc t cui cng
ca txtS1:\ n\ r " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s1. I nser t ( s1. Last I ndexOf ( " " ) , s2) ;
- Nhp p vo button Substring, thm vo on code:


/ / Ch ra v tr xut hin ca s="TR NH X L" trong
l bl Ti euDe
st r i ng s=" TR NH X L";
i nt i x;
i x = t hi s. l bl Ti euDe. Text . I ndexOf ( s) ;
/ / Tr ch s t lblTieuDe v i n vo l bl KQ
i f ( i x >= 0)
{
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = t hi s. l bl Ti euDe. Text . Subst r i ng( i x,
s. Lengt h) ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " xut hin trong tiu ti v
t r " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += i x;
/ / Xa s r a khi lblTieuDe
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " \ n\ rTiu sau khi xa " + s;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += " \ n\ r Kt qu l: " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += t hi s. l bl Ti euDe. Text . Remove( i x,
s. Lengt h) ;
}
el se t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Khng xut hin trong chui 1!";
- Nhp p vo button Xa, thm vo on code:
t hi s. t xt S1. Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt S2. Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt S1. Focus( ) ;
- Nhp p vo button Dng, thm vo on code:

4. V d 6.2

* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lbl1, txtHoTen, lbl2, lblKQ, v cc button (xem hnh).


- Nhp vo button CountOfWord: m s t trong chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut trong
lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Proper: i thnh ch Hoa u T cho chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut
trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Left, ly ra t bn tri ca chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut trong lblKQ.
- Nhp vo button Right, ly ra t bn phi ca chui txtHoTen, kt qu xut trong
lblKQ.
* Hng dn
- Nhp p vo button CountOfWord, thm vo on code:
// m s t trong chui
/ / To ra hng k t khong trng
const char Space =' ' ;
/ / Gn gi t r cho chui
st r i ng s = hot en. Tr i m( ) ;
/ / Thc hin vic chia chui vo mng - - > m t = di
mng
i nt cWor d = s. Spl i t ( Space) . Lengt h; )
/ / Gi kt qu tr v
r et ur n cWor d;
** Tham kho thm on code sau:
// m s t trong chui txtHoTen
i nt count =0;
st r i ng s=t hi s. t xt HoTen. Text . Tr i m( ) ;
f or ( i nt i = 0; i < s. Lengt h- 1; i ++)
i f ( ( s. Subst r i ng( i , 1) ==" " ) && ( s. Subst r i ng( i + 1,
1) ! =" " ) )
count ++;
i f ( s. Lengt h > 0) count ++;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " S t l: " + count ;
- Nhp p vo button Proper, thm vo on code:
// i thnh ch Hoa u T trong chui txtHoTen
st r i ng s = t hi s. t xt HoTen. Text . Tr i m( ) ;
i f ( s. Lengt h == 0)
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Chui rng!";
el se
{
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Chui kt qu l: " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s. Subst r i ng( 0, 1) . ToUpper ( ) ;
f or ( i nt i = 1; i < s. Lengt h; i ++)
{
i f ( ( s[ i - 1] . ToSt r i ng( ) ==" "
) &&( s[ i ] . ToSt r i ng( ) ! =" " ) )
{
st r i ng ss = s[ i ] . ToSt r i ng( ) ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += ss. ToUpper ( ) ;


}
el se t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s[ i ] . ToSt r i ng( ) ;
}
}
- Nhp p vo button Left, thm vo on code:
/ / T u tin ca chui txtHoTen
el se
{
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " T u tin ca chui l: " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s. Subst r i ng( 0, s. I ndexOf ( " " ) ) ;
}
- Nhp p vo button Right, thm vo on code:
/ / T cui cng ca chui txtHoTen
el se
{
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " T u tin ca chui l: " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s. Subst r i ng( s. Last I ndexOf ( " " ) +1,
s. Lengt h- s. Last I ndexOf ( " " ) - 1) ;
}
t hi s. t xt HoTen. Reset Text ( ) ;

IV. Exception (Ngoi l)

1. Khi nim
- Exception c th c hiu l bt gi li vi nhng on m hp l khng tn hi
n chng trnh.
- Li c th do nguyn nhn t chnh ngi s dng; hoc c th do nhng vn khng
mong i khc nh: thiu b nh, thiu ti nguyn h thng .
- Mt trnh x l ngoi l l mt khi lnh chng trnh c thit k x l cc ngoi l
m chng trnh pht sinh.
- X l ngoi l c thc thi trong trong cu lnh catch.
- Cc cu lnh c kh nng xy ra ngoi l thc thi trong cu lnh try.
* Mt cch l tng, nu mt ngoi l c bt v c x l th chng trnh c th sa
cha c vn b li v tip tc thc hin hot ng. Thm ch nu chng trnh khng
tip tc, bng vic bt gi ngoi l chng ta cng c c hi in ra nhng thng ip c
ngha v kt thc chng trnh mt cch r rng.
2. V d 6.3


* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lbl1, txtSo1, lbl2, txtSo2, lbl3, txtKQ v cc button (xem hnh).
- Nhp s vo 2 TextBox txtSo1 v TxtSo2.
- Nhp vo button Chia:
+Nu txtSo1, txtSo2 khng phi l s; hoc nhp vo txtSo2 l 0 th bo li: Li ri!.
+Nu txtSo1, txtSo2 l s th xut kt qu l txtSo1 / txtSo2 vo TextBox txtKQ.
- Nhp buuton Dng th dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn
- Nhp p vo button Chia, thm vo on code:
/ / Xa t r ng TextBox txtKQ
t xt KQ. Reset Text ( ) ;
// on code c xy ra ngoi l khi thc hin
t r y
{
i nt so1 = i nt . Par se( t hi s. t xt So1. Text ) ;
i nt so2 = i nt . Par se( t hi s. t xt So2. Text ) ;
t hi s. t xt KQ. Text += ( f l oat ) so1 / so2;
}
/ / X l ngoi l
cat ch ( Except i on ex)
{
t hi s. t xt KQ. Text = " Li ri!";
}

Bi tp

1. Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt chui h v tn. In ra:
- di v s t ca chui h tn.
- Chui h v tn di dng ch thng.
- Chui h v tn di dng ch IN HOA.
- Chui h v tn di dng Hoa u T.
- Chui h v tn c loi b cc khong trng tha (u chui, cui chui, bn
trong chui).
2. Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh bc 1: bx +c =0
Lu : c x l trng hp nhp vo b, c khng phi l s.

-- oOo --


Chng 4: CLASS OBJECT METHOD

Bi 7: CLASS (LP) OBJECT (I TNG) METHOD (PHNG THC)

I. Khi nim

- Kiu d liu trong C#c nh ngha l mt lp (class).
- Th hin ring ca tng lp c gi l i tng (object).
- Hai thnh phn chnh cu thnh mt lp (class) l thuc tnh / tnh cht v phng thc
(method) / hnh ng ng x ca i tng.

II. nh ngha lp (class)

1. C php
[Thuc tnh] [B sung truy cp] class <Tn lp>[: Lp c s]
{
// Cc thuc tnh
<Thuc tnh>
// Cc phng thc
<Phng thc>
}

2. V d 7.1

* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lbl1, txtHoTen, lbl2, lblKQ, v cc button (xem hnh).
- To class Chuoi nh sau:
publ i c cl ass Chuoi
{
/ / Thuc tnh
. . .
// Phng thc
. . .
}
+Trong phn thuc tnh, khai bo:


st r i ng t enchuongt r i nh = "Chng tr nh x l h v t n! " ;
+Trong phn phng thc, khai bo cc phng thc sau:
// Phng thc
publ i c st r i ng I n( )
{
// In tn chng tr nh
r et ur n t enchuongt r i nh;
}

publ i c st r i ng Ten( st r i ng hot en)
{
/ / Ly tn
i nt l i o=hot en. Last I ndexOf ( " " ) ;
r et ur n hot en. Subst r i ng( l i o+1, hot en. Lengt h- l i o- 1) ;
}

publ i c st r i ng HoLot ( st r i ng hot en)
{
/ / Ly h v l t
i nt l i o = hot en. Last I ndexOf ( " " ) ;
r et ur n hot en. Subst r i ng( 0, l i o) ;
}

publ i c i nt Count Of Wor d( st r i ng hot en)
{
// m s t trong chui
const char Space =' ' ;
/ / Thc hin vic chia chui thnh mng - - > m t
cWor d = s. Spl i t ( Space) ) . Lengt h ;
/ / Gi kt qu tr v
r et ur n cWor d;
}

// m s t trong chui HoTen
i nt count = 0;
f or ( i nt i = 0; i < s. Lengt h - 1; i ++)
i f ( ( s. Subst r i ng( i , 1) ==" " ) &&( s. Subst r i ng( i +1, 1) ! = " " ) )
count ++;
i f ( s. Lengt h > 0)
count ++;
r et ur n count ;

publ i c st r i ng Pr oper ( st r i ng hot en)
{


const char Space = ' ' ;
// i chui
st r i ng kq = " Chui rng!";
r et ur n kq;
el se
{
kq = " " ;
st r i ng [ ] s1 = s. Spl i t ( Space) ;
f or each ( st r i ng t u i n s1) {
st r i ng ss = t u[ 0] . ToSt r i ng( ) ;
kq += ss. ToUpper ( ) ;
kq += t u. Subst r i ng( 1, t u. Lengt h- 1) ;
kq += " " ;
}
r et ur n kq. Tr i m( ) ;
}

st r i ng kq = " Chui rng!";
i f ( s. Lengt h > 0)
{
kq = s. Subst r i ng( 0, 1) . ToUpper ( ) ;
f or ( i nt i = 1; i < s. Lengt h; i ++)
{
i f ( ( s[ i - 1] . ToSt r i ng( ) == " " ) &&
( s[ i ] . ToSt r i ng( ) ! = " " ) )
{
st r i ng ss = s[ i ] . ToSt r i ng( ) ;
kq += ss. ToUpper ( ) ;
}
el se kq += s[ i ] . ToSt r i ng( ) ;
}
}
r et ur n kq;

- S dng cc phng thc trn thc hin cc vic sau y (xut kt qu trong lblKQ):
+Nhp vo button In Li gii thiu, s in li gii thiu.
+Nhp button H Lt, tch ly h lt ca chui trong txtHoTen.
+Nhp button Tn, tch ly tn ca chui trong txtHoTen.
+Nhp button m t, m s t ca chui trong txtHoTen.
+Nhp button Hoa u T, i thnh chui Hoa u T ca chui trong txtHoTen.


- Nhp button Xa th xa trng: TextBox txtHoTen, Label lblKQ ng thi a con tr
vo TextBox txtHoTen.
* Hng dn
- Khai bo class: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau
publ i c For m1( )
{
}
publ i c cl ass Chuoi
{
/ / Thuc tnh
. . . ( 1)
// Phng thc
. . . ( 2)
}
+Trong phn (1), khai bo thuc tnh (xem bi)
+Trong phn (2), khai bo phng thc (xem bi)
- Nhp p vo button In Li gii thiu, thm vo on code:
Chuoi s = new Chuoi ( ) ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = s. I n( ) ;
- Nhp p vo button H lt, thm vo on code:
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text =" H lt: " + s. HoLot ( t hi s. t xt HoTen. Text ) ;
- Nhp p vo button Tn, thm vo on code:
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Tn l : " + s. Ten( t hi s. t xt HoTen. Text ) ;
- Nhp p vo button m t, thm vo on code:
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Tng s t l: " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s. Count Of Wor d( t hi s. t xt HoTen. Text ) ;
- Nhp p vo button Hoa u T, thm vo on code:
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text = " Kt qu l: " ;
t hi s. l bl KQ. Text += s. Pr oper ( t hi s. t xt HoTen. Text ) ;
t hi s. t xt HoTen. Reset Text ( ) ;
* B sung
- Nt button In Hoa: i thnh chui IN HOA ca chui trong txtHoTen .
- Nt button In Thng: i thnh chui in thng ca chui trong txtHoTen.

III. Properties - Method

1. Thuc tnh (Properties):


Thuc tnh l nhng thng tin c th thay i c.

2. Thuc tnh truy cp
Thuc tnh Gii hn truy cp
public Khng hn ch. Nhng thnh vin c nh du public c th
c dng bt k cc phng thc ca lp, bao gm c nhng lp
khc.
private Thnh vin trong lp c nh du private ch c dng cc
phng thc ca lp ny m thi.
Protected Thnh vin trong lp c nh du protected ch c dng cc
phng thc ca lp ny; v cc phng thc ca lp dn xut t
lp ny.
Internal Thnh vin trong lp c nh du l internal c dng cc
phng thc ca bt k lp no cng khi hp ng vi lp ny.
protected internal Thnh vin trong lp c nh du l protected internal c
dng cc phng thc ca lp ny; cc phng thc ca lp dn
xut t lp ny; v cc phng thc ca bt k lp no trong cng
khi hp ng vi lp ny.

3. Phng thc (Method)
- Phng thc (method) chnh l cc hm (function) c to trong lp (class).
- Tn ca phng thc thng c t theo tn ca hnh ng.

4. Tham s ca phng thc
a) Khi nim:
- Cc tham s theo sau tn phng thc v c bc bn trong du ngoc trn ().
- Mi tham s phi khai bo km theo kiu d liu.
- Trong C#c 2 dng truyn tham s:
+Truyn tham chiu: dng thm t kha ref.
+Truyn tham tr
b) V d:
* Truyn tham s cho phng thc theo kiu tham chiu
public class Hoandoi
{
public void HoanVi(ref int a, ref int b)
{
int c =a ;
a =b ;
b =c ;
}
}
Khi : khi gi hm HoanVi ta phi truyn tham s di dng tham chiu nh sau:
HoanDoi s = new HoanDoi ( ) ;
s. HoanVi ( r ef a, r ef b) ;
* Truyn tham s cho phng thc theo kiu tham tr
public class HoanDoi
{
public void HoanVi(int a, int b)


{
int c =a ;
a =b ;
b =c ;
}
}

5. V d 7.2

* Yu cu
- Thit k form gm: lbl1, txta, lbl2, txtb, v cc button (xem hnh).
- To cc class HoanDoi, trong class c hm HoanVi cho php hon v 2 gi tr s
nguyn.
- Nhp button Hon i s hon i 2 gi tr trong txta v txtb
- Nhp button Xa s xa trng 2 TextBox v a con tr vo txta.
- Nhp button Dng s dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn
- Khai bo class: qua code, thm on code c kt qu nh sau
publ i c For m1( )
{
}

publ i c cl ass HoanDoi
{
publ i c voi d HoanVi ( r ef i nt a, r ef i nt b)
{
i nt c = a ;
a = b ;
b = c ;
}
}
- Nhp p vo button Hon i, thm vo on code:
i nt a = i nt . Par se( t hi s. t xt a. Text ) ;
i nt b = i nt . Par se( t hi s. t xt b. Text ) ;
HoanDoi s = new HoanDoi ( ) ;
s. HoanVi ( r ef a, r ef b) ;
t hi s. t xt a. Text = a. ToSt r i ng( ) ;
t hi s. t xt b. Text = b. ToSt r i ng( ) ;


t hi s. t xt a. Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt b. Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt a. Focus( ) ;

Bi tp

Khi to mt ng dng Windows Forms Application:

1. To mt class c tn l BAI_TAP_CLASS, c cc hm:
- Hm TEN nhn vo mt chui ch h v tn, gi tr tr li ca hm l chui ch tn.
- Hm NGTO nhn vo mt s nguyn n, gi tr tr li ca hm l true nu n l s nguyn
t; l false nu n khng l s nguyn t.
2. Thit k form c:
- TextBox txtHoTen: nhp h v tn.
- TextBox txtn: nhp s nguyn n.
- TextBox txtKQ: xut kt qu.
- Button btnTEN: gi hm TEN x l chui h v tn, xut kt qu vo txtKQ.
- Button btnNGTO: gi hm NGTO x l s nguyn n, xut kt qu vo txtKQ.
- Button btnXoa: xa trng tt c cc TextBox v a con tr vo txtHoTen
- Button btnDung: dng chng trnh.

-- oOo --


Chng 5: SQL SERVER 2008

Bi 8: SQL SERVER 2008

I. Tng quan v SQL

1. Khi nim SQL
- SQL (Structured Query Language ngn ng hi c cu trc) l cng c s dng t
chc, qun l v truy xut d liu c lu tr trong cc c s d liu.
- SQL l mt h thng ngn ng bao gm tp cc cu lnh s dng tng tc vi c s
d liu quan h.
- SQL c s dng iu khin tt c cc chc nng m mt h qun tr c s d liu
cung cp cho ngi dng bao gm:
nh ngha d liu: SQL cung cp kh nng nh ngha cc c s d liu, cc cu trc
lu tr v t chc d liu cng nh mi quan h gia cc thnh phn d liu.
Truy xut v thao tc d liu: Vi SQL, ngi dng c th d dng thc hin cc thao
tc truy xut, b sung, cp nht v loi b d liu trong cc c s d liu.
iu khin truy cp: SQL c th c s dng cp pht v kim sot cc thao tc
ca ngi s dng trn d liu, m bo s an ton cho c s d liu.
m bo ton vn d liu: SQL nh ngha cc rng buc ton vn trong c s d liu
nh m bo tnh hp l v chnh xc ca d liu trc cc thao tc cp nht cng
nh cc li ca h thng.

2. Vai tr ca SQL
- SQL khng phi l mt h qun tr c s d liu, do n khng th tn ti c lp.
- SQL l mt phn ca h qun tr c s d liu, n xut hin trong cc h qun tr c s
d liu vi vai tr ngn ng v l cng c giao tip gia ngi s dng v h qun tr c s
d liu.
- SQL c nhng vai tr nh sau:
SQL l ngn ng hi c tnh tng tc: Ngi s dng c th d dng thng qua cc
trnh tin ch gi cc yu cu di dng cc cu lnh SQL n c s d liu v nhn
kt qu tr v t c s d liu.
SQL l ngn ng lp trnh c s d liu: Cc lp trnh vin c th nhng cc cu lnh
SQL vo trong cc ngn ng lp trnh xy dng nn cc chng trnh ng dng giao
tip vi c s d liu.
SQL l ngn ng qun tr c s d liu: Thng qua SQL, ngi qun tr c s d liu
c th qun l c c s d liu, nh ngha cc cu trc lu tr d liu, iu khin
truy cp c s d liu, ...
SQL l ngn ng cho cc h thng khch/ch (client/server): Trong cc h thng c
s d liu khch/ch, SQL c s dng nh l cng c giao tip gia cc trnh ng
dng pha my khch vi my ch c s d liu.
SQL l ngn ng truy cp d liu trn Internet: Cho n nay, hu ht cc my ch
Web cng nh cc my ch trn Internet s dng SQL vi vai tr l ngn ng tng
tc vi d liu trong cc c s d liu.
SQL l ngn ng c s d liu phn tn: i vi cc h qun tr c s d liu phn
tn, mi mt h thng s dng SQL giao tip vi cc h thng khc trn mng, gi v
nhn cc yu cu truy xut d liu vi nhau.


SQL l ngn ng s dng cho cc cng giao tip c s d liu: Trong mt h thng
mng my tnh vi nhiu h qun tr c s d liu khc nhau, SQL thng c s dng
nh l mt chun ngn ng giao tip gia cc h qun tr c s d liu.

II. Tng quan v c s d liu (CSDL) quan h

1. M hnh d liu quan h
- CSDL quan h l mt CSDL trong tt c d liu c t chc trong cc bng (table)
c mi quan h vi nhau. Mi bng (table) bao gm cc dng (record/bn ghi/b) v cc ct
(field/trng/thuc tnh).
- Tm li, mt CSDL bao gm nhiu bng (table) c mi quan h vi nhau (relationship).
V d:

2. Bng (Table)
Bng (table) bao gm cc yu t sau:
- Tn ca bng: c xc nh duy nht.
- Cu trc ca bng: tp hp cc ct (field/trng/thuc tnh).
- D liu ca bng: tp hp cc dng (record/bn ghi/b) hin c trong bng.
V d: Table DONVI

3. Kha chnh ca bng (Primary Key)
- Mi bng phi c mt ct (hoc mt tp cc ct) m gi tr d liu ca n xc nh duy
nht mt dng trong tp hp cc dng trong bng.
- Mt ct (hoc mt tp cc ct) c tnh cht ny gi l kha chnh ca bng (Primary
Key).
V d: Table DONVI


(c kha chnh l MADONVI)

4. Mi quan h (Relationship) v kha ngoi (Foreign Key)
- Mi quan h (Relationship) c th hin thng qua rng buc gi tr d liu xut hin
bng ny phi c xut hin trc mt bng khc.

- Mt ct (hoc tp hp cc ct) (field/trng/thuc tnh) trong mt bng m gi tr ca
n c xc nh t kha chnh (Primary Key) ca mt bng khc c gi l kha ngoi
(Foreign Key).

5. S lc v cu lnh SQL
Cu lnh Chc nng
Thao tc d liu
SELECT Truy xut d liu
INSERT B sung d liu
UPDATE Cp nht d liu
DELETE Xa d liu
TRUNCATE Xa ton b d liu trong bng
nh ngha d liu
CREATE TABLE To bng
DROP TABLE Xa bng
ALTER TABLE Sa cu trc bng
CREATE FUNCTION To hm (do ngi s dng nh ngha)
ALTER FUNCTION Sa i hm
DROP FUNCTION Xa hm


CREATE TRIGGER To trigger
ALTER TRIGGER Sa trigger
DROP TRIGGER Xa trigger

6. Quy tc s dng tn trong SQL
- Trong cu lnh SQL, nu ta cn ch n mt bng do mt ngi dng khc s hu (hin
nhin l phi c php) th tn ca bng phi c vit sau tn ca ngi s hu v phn
cch vi tn ngi s hu bi du chm theo cng thc: tn_ngi _s_hu.t n_bng
- Trong cu lnh SQL, nu c s dng t hai ct tr ln c cng tn trong cc bng khc
nhau th bt buc phi ch nh thm tn bng trc tn ct; tn bng v tn ct c phn
cch nhau bi du chm theo cng thc: t n_bng. t n_ct

7. Kiu d liu
Tn kiu M t
CHAR (n) Kiu chui vi di c nh
NCHAR (n) Kiu chui vi di c nh h tr UNICODE
VARCHAR (n) Kiu chui vi di chnh xc
NVARCHAR (n) Kiu chui vi di chnh xc h tr UNICODE
INTEGER S nguyn c gi tr t -2
31
n 2
31
1
INT Nh kiu Integer
TINYTINT S nguyn c gi tr t 0 n 255
SMALLINT S nguyn c gi tr t -215 n 2
15
1
BIGINT S nguyn c gi tr t -2
63
n 2
63
1
NUMERIC (p,s) Kiu s vi chnh xc c nh
DECIMAL (p,s) Tng t kiu Numeric
FLOAT S thc c gi tr t -1.79E+308 n 1.79E+308
REAL S thc c gi tr t -3.40E + 38 n 3.40E +38
MONEY Kiu tin t
BIT Kiu bit (c gi tr 0 hoc 1)
DATETIME Kiu ngy gi (chnh xc n phn trm ca giy)
SMALLDATETIME Kiu ngy gi (chnh xc n pht)
BINARY D liu nh phn vi di c nh (ti a 8000 bytes)
VARBINARY D liu nh phn vi di chnh xc (ti a 8000 bytes)
IMAGE D liu nh phn vi di chnh xc (<=2,147,483,647 bytes)
TEXT D liu kiu chui vi di ln (ti a 2,147,483,647 k t)
NTEXT D liu kiu chui vi di ln v h tr UNICODE (ti a
1,073,741,823 k t)

8. Ton t
Ton t ngha
a) Logic
AND / OR V / Hoc
b) So snh
= Bng
> Ln hn
< Nh hn
>= Ln hn hoc bng


<= Nh hn hoc bng
<> Khc
!> Khng ln hn
!< Khng nh hn
c) Danh sch
IN Nm trong danh sch
NOT IN Khng nm trong danh sch
d) Gii hn d liu
BETWEEN Gi_tr BETWEEN a AND b ngha l (a Gi_tr b)
NOT BETWEEN Gi_tr NOT BETWEEN a AND b ngha l (Gi_tr <a) AND
(Gi_tr >b)
LIKE M t khun dng d liu cn tm kim c s dng k t i
din:
% Chui k t bt k
_ Mt k t bt k
[] K t bt k trong gii hn c ch nh
[^] K t bt k khng nm trong gii hn c ch nh

III. Table (Bng)

* Quy tc khi vit cu lnh SQL:
- Cc cu lnh SQL khng phn bit ch hoa v ch thng. Tuy nhin, d c nn
vit hoa t kha trong mnh .
- Cu lnh SQL c th vit trn mt dng hay nhiu dng. Nhng nn vit mi dng mt
mnh .
- Khng tch t kha trn nhiu dng, khng vit tt t kha.
- Cu lnh SQL kt thc bng du chm phy (;)

1. To bng
C php:
CREATE TABLE tn_bng
(
t n_ct t huc_t nh_ct cc_r ng_buc
[ , . . .
, t n_ct _n t huc_t nh_ct _n cc_r ng_buc_ct _n ]
[ , cc_r ng_buc_t r n_bng ]
)
Trong :
t n_bng Tn ca bng cn to (<=128 k t)
t n_ct Tn ca ct (field / trng) cn nh ngha
t huc_t nh_ct Gm:
Kiu d liu ca ct (field).
Gi tr mc nh ca ct (filed).
IDENTITY - gi tr t ng tng, dng vi field kiu s.
NULL / NOT NULL
cc_r ng_buc Cc rng buc c s dng trn mi ct (field) hoc trn bng.

V d 8.1:


To bng NHANVIEN gm cc field MANV (m nhn vin), HOTEN (h v tn),
NGAYSINH (ngy sinh ca nhn vin), DIACHI (a ch ca nhn vin), HSLUONG (h s
lng), MADONVI (m n v).
* Hng dn:
CREATE TABLE nhanvien
(
manv NVARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
hoten NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
ngaysinh DATE NULL,
diachi NVARCHAR(100) NULL,
dienthoai NVARCHAR(10) NULL,
hsluong DECIMAL(3,2) DEFAULT (1.92)
madonvi NVARCHAR(10) NOT NULL
)

2. To rng buc
a. Rng buc CHECK:
- Ch nh iu kin hp l i vi d liu khi c s thay i d liu trn bng.
- Dng vi cc lnh INSERT, UPDATE.
C php:
[CONSTRAINT tn_rng_buc]
CHECK (iu_kin)
V d 8.2:
To bng NHANVIEN nh v d 8.1, trong :
- NGAYSINH <'1/1/1990'
- DIENTHOAI ca nhn vin l mt chui 6 ch s.
* Hng dn:
(
ngaysinh DATE NULL
CONSTRAINT CK_nhanvien_ngaysinh
CHECK (ngaysinh < '1/1/1990'),
CONSTRAINT CK_nhanvien_dienthoai
CHECK (dienthoai LIKE '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]____')
madonvi NVARCHAR(10) NOT NULL
)
b. Rng buc PRIMARY KEY:
- Ch nh kho chnh ca bng.
C php:
PRIMARY KEY [(danh_sch_ct)]
Lu :
Mi bng c nhiu nht mt rng buc PRIMARY KEY.
Mt kho chnh c th bao gm nhiu ct nhng khng vt qu 16 ct.


V d 8.3:
To bng NHANVIEN nh v d 8.2, vi kho chnh l MANV
* Hng dn:
(
ngaysinh DATE NULL
CHECK (ngaysinh <'1/1/1990'),
madonvi NVARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_nhanvien_manv PRIMARY KEY
)
c. Rng buc UNIQUE:
- Ch nh kho ph cho bng.
C php:
UNIQUE [(danh_sch_ct)]
V d 8.4:
To bng NHANVIEN nh v d 8.3, trong khng cho php cc nhn vin khc nhau
c trng in thoi vi nhau.
* Hng dn:
(
ngaysinh DATE NULL
CONSTRAINT PK_nhanvien_manv PRIMARY KEY,
CONSTRAINT UNIQUE_nhanvien_dienthoai UNIQUE(dienthoai)
)
d. Rng buc FOREIGN KEY (kha ngoi)
- Mt ct (hay mt tp cc ct) trong mt bng c gi l kho ngoi (rng buc
FOREIGN KEY) nu gi tr ca n c xc nh t kho chnh (PRIMARY KEY) hoc
kho ph (UNIQUE) ca mt bng d liu khc.
C php:


FOREIGN KEY [(danh_sch_ct)]
REFERENCES tn_bng_tham_chiu(danh_sch_ct_tham_chiu)
[ON DELETE CASCADE | NO ACTION | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT]
[ON UPDATE CASCADE | NO ACTION | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT]
Trong :
CASCADE: T ng xo (cp nht) nu bn ghi c tham chiu b xo (cp nht).
NO ACTION (Mc nh): Nu bn ghi trong bng tham chiu ang c tham chiu
bi mt bn ghi bt k trong bng c nh ngha th bn ghi khng c php
xo hoc cp nht (i vi ct c tham chiu).
SET NULL: Cp nht li kho ngoi ca bn ghi thnh gi tr NULL (nu ct cho
php nhn gi tr NULL).
SET DEFAULT: Cp nht li kho ngoi ca bn ghi nhn gi tr mc nh (nu ct
c qui nh gi tr mc nh).
V d 8.5:
To bng NHANVIEN nh v d 8.4, trong kho ngoi trn ct MADONVI (bng
DONVI). Gi s rng bng DONVI c nh ngha.
* Hng dn:
(
ngaysinh DATE NULL
CONSTRAINT PK_nhanvien_manv PRIMARY KEY,
CONSTRAINT UNIQUE_nhanvien_dienthoai UNIQUE(dienthoai) ,
CONSTRAINT FK_nhanvien_madonvi
FOREIGN KEY(madonvi)
REFERENCES donvi(madonvi)
ON DELETE CASCADE
ON UPDATE CASCADE
)

3. Sa cu trc bng
a. C php
ALTER TABLE tn_bng
ADD nh_ngha_ct |
ALTER COLUMN tn_ct kiu_d_liu [NULL | NOT NULL] |
DROP COLUMN tn_ct |
ADD CONSTRAINT tn_rng_buc nh_ngha_rng_buc |
DROP CONSTRAINT tn_rng_buc
b. V d 8.6


B sung vo bng DONVI v d 8.5, ct GHICHU
* Hng dn:
ALTER TABLE nhanvien
ADD
ghichu NVARCHAR(50)

4. Xa bng
a. C php
DROP TABLE tn_bng
b. V d 8.7:
Xo bng DONVI ra khi CSDL.
Lu : Ct MADONVI trong bng DONVI ang c tham chiu bi kho ngoi
FK_nhanvien_madonvi trong bng NHANVIEN.
* Hng dn:
- Xo b rng buc FK_nhanvien_madonvi khi bng NHANVIEN
ALTER TABLE nhanvien
DROP CONSTRAINT FK_nhanvien_madonvi
- Xo bng DONVI:
DROP TABLE donvi

Thc hnh

1. Khi ng SQL SERVER 2008:
a. Start All programs Microsoft SQL Server 2008 SQL Server Management Studio
b. Chng thc: chn 1 trong 2 ch
v L ca Windows
v L ca SQL Server

c. Chn Connect

2. To database:
ca s Object Explorer, click chut phi vo Database sau chn New database
- Database nane: banhang
- Chn Ok

3. To cu trc table:
a. To tableNhanvien


* ca s Object Explorer:
- Nhp du + trc database banhang (thnh du -)
- Click chut phi vo Table sau chn New table
- Khai bo cu trc: V d 8.1
- Lu: nhp
b. To table Donvi : t thc hin.

4. To rng buc cho table
* Chn table Nhanvien
a. Rng buc CHECK
V d 8.2
* ca s hin th cu trc ca table Nhanvien
- Click chut phi vo field ngaysinh, chn CheckConstraints
- Nhp Add
+(Name): g CK_nhanvien_ngaysinh
Expression: g ([ngaysinh] < '1/1/1990')
- Nhp Add (ln 2)
+(Name): g CK_nhanvien_dienthoai
+Expression: g (dienthoai LIKE '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]____')
- Nhp Close
* Chn table Donvi: t thc hin cho field dienthoai.
b. Rng buc PRIMARY KEY
V d 8.3
- Click phi chut vo field manv v chn Set Primary Key
* Cho table Donvi: t thc hin cho field madonvi .
c. Rng buc UNIQUE
V d 8.4
- Click phi chut vo field dienthoai v chn Indexes / Keys
- Nhp Add
+(Name): g UNIQUE_nhanvien_dienthoai
+Columns: dienthoai (ASC)
+Type: Unique Key
- Nhp Close

5. To quan h (relationship) cho cc table: Donvi, Nhanvien
V d 8.5
* ca s Object Explorer
- Click chut phi vo Database Diagrams sau chn New database Diagram
- Chn cc table tham gia to quan h, nhp Close.
- R field madonvi (t table nhanvien) th vo field madonvi (ca table donvi).
- Khai bo:
Primary key table Foreign key table
Donvi Nhanvien
madonvi madonvi


6. Thm field GHICHU vo table DONVI
V d 8.6
* ca s hin th cu trc ca table Donvi
- Khai bo ( cui) thm field: ghichu, nvarchar(50), NULL

7. Nhp d liu cho cc table: Donvi, Nhanvien
* ca s Object Explorer:
- Click chut phi vo dbo.donvi / dbo.nhanvien sau chn Edit top 200 Rows
- Nhp d liu

-- oOo --


Bi 9: CC CU LNH TRUY VN

* Xt CSDL banhang gm cc table:
NHANVIEN, DONVI, MATHANG, NHATKYBANHANG
- Cu trc:

- D liu:
Bng NHANVIEN

Bng DONVI


IV. Cc cu lnh truy vn

1. Cu lnh SELECT
Cng dng:
- Chn cc field t bng.
C php:
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT][TOP n] danh_sch_chn
[INTO tn_bng_mi]
FROM danh_sch_bng [ | khung_nhn]
[WHERE iu_kin]
[GROUP BY danh_sch_ct]
[HAVING iu_kin]
[ORDER BY ct_sp_xp]
[COMPUTE danh_sch_hm_gp [BY danh_sch_ct]]
Ch : Cc thnh phn trong cu lnh SELECT phi c s dng theo ng th t trn.
c. Danh sch chn trong cu lnh SELECT
- Chn tt c cc field
V d 9.1a:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit thng tin ca cc nhn vin trong bng NHANVIEN.
SELECT * FROM nhanvien n1
- i tn cc ct trong kt qu
V d 9.1b:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit HOTEN (h tn) c i thnh H v Tn, DIACHI (a ch)
c i thnh a Ch ca cc nhn vin trong bng NHANVIEN.
SELECT 'H v Tn' =hoten, 'a Ch' =diachi
FROM nhanvien
Hoc:
SELECT hoten 'H v Tn', diachi 'a Ch'
FROM nhanvien
- S dng cu trc CASE i tn cc ct trong kt qu
V d 9.1c:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit HOTEN (h tn), HSLUONG (h s lng) v (xp loi lng)
ca cc nhn vin trong bng NHANVIEN theo HSLUONG (h s lng).
SELECT 'H v Tn'=hoten, 'H s lng' =hsluong, 'H s lng' =
CASE
WHEN hsluong =NULL THEN 'Khng xc nh'
WHEN hsluong <=1.92 THEN 'Lng thp'
WHEN hsluong <=3.11 THEN 'Lng trung bnh'
WHEN hsluong <=5.2 THEN 'Lng cao'
ELSE 'Lng rt cao'
END
FROM nhanvien
- Thm chui k t trong kt qu
V d 9.1d:
Cu lnh sau y s cho thm chui 'H s lng l:' trc ct HSLUONG (h s
lng) trong tng dng kt qu.
SELECT 'H v Tn' =hoten, 'H s lng l:', 'H s lng' =hsluong
FROM nhanvien
- Tnh ton cc gi tr trong cu lnh SELECT


V d 9.1e:
Cu lnh sau y s cho HOTEN (h tn) v LUONG (lng) ca nhn vin theo cng
thc LUONG =HSLUONG * 730000.
SELECT 'H v Tn' =hoten, 'Lng' =hsluong * 730000
FROM nhanvien
- T kha DISTINCT: dng loi b nhng dng d liu c kt qu ging nhau
V d 9.1f:
Cu lnh sau s cho cc gi tr hsluong khc nhau trong bng NHANVIEN
SELECT hsluong
FROM nhanvien
- To bng mi bng cu lnh SELECT INTO
V d 9.1g:
Cu lnh sau s to bng c tn NHANVIEN_LUU gm cc field HOTEN (h tn),
DIACHI (a ch) ca cc nhn vin c HSLUONG >1.92 t bng NHANVIEN.
SELECT hoten, diachi
INTO nhanvien_luu
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong >1.92
- Sp xp kt qu (ASC: tng, DESC: gim) bng ORDER BY
V d 9.1h:
Cu lnh sau y s sp xp cc nhn vin theo th t gim dn ca HSLUONG (h s
lng), nu HSLUONG bng nhau th sp xp kt qu theo th t tng dn ca NGAYSINH
(ngy sinh)
SELECT hoten, ngaysinh, hsluong
FROM nhanvien
ORDER BY hsluong DESC, ngaysinh ASC
d. Xc nh bng bng mnh FROM
FROM danh_sch_bng [ | khung_nhn]
V d 9.1i:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit HOTEN (h tn), DIACHI (a ch) ca cc nhn vin bng
cch gn b danh (alias) cho bng NHANVIEN.
FROM nhanvien n1
e. t iu kin truy xut d liu bng mnh WHERE
WHERE iu_kin
iu_kin: s dng cc php ton sau
+So snh: =, >, <, >=, <=, <>, !>, !<
+Gii hn: BETWEEN AND , NOT BETWEEN AND
+Danh sch: IN , NOT IN
+Khun dng: LIKE , NOT LIKE
Vi cc k t i din: % , _ , [] , [^]
+Cc gi tr cha bit: IS NULL , IS NOT NULL
+Kt hp cc iu kin: AND , OR
V d 9.1j:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit HOTEN (h tn), DIACHI (a ch) v DIENTHOAI (in
thoi) ca cc nhn vin c HSLUONG (h s lng) ln hn 1.92
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong >1.92


V d 9.1k:
thoi) ca cc nhn vin c HSLUONG (h s lng) trong khong 1.92 n 3.11
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong BETWEEN 1.92 AND 3.11
V d 9.1l:
thoi) ca cc nhn vin c HSLUONG (h s lng) l 1.86, 1.92, 2.11
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong IN (1.86, 1.92, 2.11)
* Hoc:
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hsluong =1.86 OR hsluong =1.92 OR hsluong =2.11
V d 9.1m:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit thng tin ca nhn vin c tn l NAM.
SELECT *
FROM nhanvien
WHERE hoten LIKE '%NAM'
V d 9.1n:
Cu lnh sau y cho bit thng tin ca nhn vin khng c in thoi.
SELECT *
FROM nhanvien
WHERE dienthoai IS NULL

2. Thm d liu INSERT
Cng dng:
- Thm dng d liu (mu tin/record) vo bng.
C php:
INSERT INTO tn_bng
[(danh_sch_ct)] VALUES(danh_sch_tr)
V d 9.2a:
Cu lnh sau y thm mt dng d liu vo bng DONVI
INSERT INTO donvi
VALUES('06', 'Phng CTCT-HSSV', '821460')
V d 9.2b:
Cu lnh sau y thm mt dng d liu vo bng NHANVIEN
INSERT INTO nhanvien
VALUES('NV02003', 'L Th Mai', '23/05/1972', NULL, '523312', 1.92, '02')
V d 9.2c:
Cu lnh sau y thm mt dng d liu vo bng NHANVIEN nhng ch in d liu
vo mt s ct.
INSERT INTO nhanvien(manv, hoten, diachi, madonvi)
VALUES('NV05002', 'Nguyn Th Hnh Dung', '56 Trn Ph', '05')
V d 9.2d: Thm d liu vo bng vi d liu ly t bng khc
Cu lnh sau y thm d liu vo bng LUONG_NHANVIEN vi d liu ly t bng
NHANVIEN.


INSERT INTO luong_nhanvien
SELECT manv, hoten, hsluong*730000 FROM nhanvien

3. Cp nht d liu UPDATE
Cng dng:
- Cp nht d liu trong cc bng.
C php:
UPDATE tn_bng
SET tn_ct =biu_thc
[ , ...
, tn_ct_k =biu_thc_k]
[FROM danh_sch_bng]
[WHERE iu_kin]
V d 9.3a:
Cu lnh sau y tng HSLUONG (h s lng) thm 0.2 cho cc nhn vin c
MADONVI l 04.
UPDATE nhanvien
SET hsluong =hsluong +0.2
WHERE madonvi ='04'
V d 9.3b:
Cu lnh sau y s cp nht gi tr cho field THANHTIEN (thnh tin) trong bng
NHATKYBANHANG theo cng thc THANHTIEN =SOLUONG * DONGIA.
UPDATE nhatkybanhang
SET thanhtien =soluong * MATHANG.dongia
FROM MATHANG
WHERE nhatkybanhang.mahang =MATHANG.mahang

4. Xa d liu DELETE
Cng dng:
- xa d liu trong bng.
C php:
DELETE FROM tn_bng
[FROM danh_sch_bng]
[WHERE iu_kin]
V d 9.4:
Cu lnh sau y xo khi bng NHANVIEN nhng nhn vin lm ti n v c
SODIENTHOAI (s in thoi) l '848484'
DELETE FROM nhanvien
FROM donvi
WHERE nhanvien.madonvi =donvi.madonvi AND donvi.dienthoai ='848484'

5. Xa ton b d liu TRUNCATE
Cng dng:
- xa ton b d liu trong bng.
C php:
TRUNCATE TABLE tn_bng
V d 9.5:
Cu lnh sau xo ton b d liu trong bng LUONG_NHANVIEN
DELETE FROM luong_nhanvien


Tng ng cu lnh
TRUNCATE TABLE luong_nhanvien

V. Mt s hm thng dng trong SQL Server

1. Hm ngy gi
a. Hm DATEADD
C php:
DATEADD(datepart, number, date)
Datepart: tham s ch nh thnh phn s c cng thm vo ngy date.
DatePart Vit tt
year yy, yyyy
quarter qq, q
month mm, m
dayofyear dy, y
day dd, d
week wk, ww
hour hh
minute mi, n
second ss, s
milisecond ms

Cng dng: Hm tr v mt gi tr kiu DateTime bng cch cng thm mt khong gi
tr l number vo ngy date c ch nh.
b. Hm DATEDIFF
C php:
DATEDIFF(datepart, startdate, enddate)
Cng dng: Hm tr v khong thi gian gia 2 gi tr kiu ngy startdate v enddate ty
thuc vo datepart.
V d:
DateDiff(year, '3/10/2003', '6/15/2010') kt qu: 7
c. Hm DATEPART
C php:
DATEPART(datepart, date)
Cng dng: Hm tr v mt s nguyn c trch ra t thnh phn c ch nh bi
datepart trong gi tr ngy date.
V d:
DatePart(year, '6/15/2010') kt qu: 2010
d. Hm GETDATE
C php:
GETDATE()
Cng dng: Hm tr v gi tr l ngy hin ti.
e. Hm DAY, MONTH, YEAR
C php:
DAY(date) / MONTH(date) / YEAR(date)
Cng dng: Hm tr v gi tr l ngy / thng / nm ca ngy date.
V d:
Day('6/15/2010') kt qu: 15
Month('6/15/2010') kt qu: 6


Year('6/15/2010') kt qu: 2010

2. Hm chui
a. Hm LEFT
C php:
LEFT(string, n)
Cng dng: Hm trch t chui string n k t tnh t bn tri.
b. Hm RIGHT
C php:
RIGHT(string, n)
Cng dng: Hm trch t chui string n k t tnh t bn phi.
c. Hm SUBSTRING
C php:
SUBSTRING(string, m, n)
Cng dng: Hm trch t chui string n k t tnh t k t th m.
d. Hm LTRIM
C php:
LTRIM(string)
Cng dng: Hm ct b khong trng tha bn tri chui string.
e. Hm RTRIM
C php:
RTRIM(string)
Cng dng: Hm ct b khong trng tha bn phi chui string.
f. Hm LEN
C php:
LEN(string)
Cng dng: Hm tr v di ca chui string.

Thc hnh

1. Khi ng SQL SERVER 2008:
a. Start All programs Microsoft SQL Server 2008 SQL Server Management Studio
b. Chng thc
c. Chn Connect
2. ca s Object Explorer, click phi chut ln banhang v chn lnh New Query
3. ca s query, thc hin cc cu lnh trong cc V d trn.

-- oOO --


Chng 6: LP TRNH KT NI CSDL SQL SERVER 2008

Bi 10-11: LP TRNH KT NI C S D LIU

* Chun b:
- Tn my c s dng (SERVERNAME) l PC-PC
- Database c s dng (DATABASENAME) l QuanLyBanHang, gm c cc table:
+Nhanvien +HoaDon
+Sanpham +ChiTietHoaDon
+Khachhang +ThanhPho
- Vi quan h (Relationship) nh sau:

- S dng Visual Studio 2008 to mt project mi (Windows Forms Application)

I. To kt ni - Vn chuyn d liu

1. Khai bo namespace s dng
usi ng Syst em. Dat a. Sql Cl i ent ;

2. Khai bo mc class
/ / Chui kt ni
st r i ng st r Connect i onSt r i ng = " Dat a
Sour ce=SERVERNAME; I ni t i al Cat al og=DATABASENAME; I nt egr at ed
Secur i t y=Tr ue" ;
// i tng kt ni
Sql Connect i on conn = nul l ;
// i tng a d liu vo Dat aTabl e dtTABLENAME
Sql Dat aAdapt er daTABLENAME = nul l ;
// i tng hin th d liu l n For m
Dat aTabl e dtTABLENAME = nul l ;

3. Khai bo Form Load


/ / Khi ng kt ni
conn = new Sql Connect i on( st r Connect i onSt r i ng) ;
/ / Vn chuyn d liu ln Dat aTabl e dtTABLENAME
daTABLENAME = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT * FROM
TABLENAME" , conn) ;
dtTABLENAME = new Dat aTabl e( ) ;
daTABLENAME. Fi l l ( dtTABLENAME) ;

4. Gii phng ti nguyn
. Chuyn Form v ch Design View
. ca s properties ca form ang chn, click Events
. Nhp p ln s kin FormClosing
. Vit code cho s kin ny nh sau:
/ / Gi i phng ti nguyn
dtTABLENAME. Di spose( ) ;
dtTABLENAME = nul l ;
/ / Hy kt ni
conn = nul l ;

II. a d liu ln cc i tng ListBox / ComboBox DataGridView

1. a d liu ln ListBox / ComboBox
V d 10.1: Thit k form nh sau

(lstThanhPho, btnThoat)
* Yu cu:
. Khi Form load: a d liu t table ThanhPho ln ListBox (lstThanhPho), km by li.
. Nhp vo Button Thot: dng chng trnh (c hin hp thoi hi p trc khi dng).
* Hng dn:
- Khai bo namespace s dng:
- mc class, khai bo:
/ / Chui kt ni
st r i ng st r Connect i onSt r i ng = " Dat a Sour ce=PC- PC; I ni t i al
Cat al og=QuanLyBanHang; I nt egr at ed Secur i t y=Tr ue" ;
// i tng kt ni
// i tng a d liu vo Dat aTabl e dt ThanhPho
Sql Dat aAdapt er daThanhPho = nul l ;
/ / i tng hin th d liu ln Form
Dat aTabl e dt ThanhPho = nul l ;


- Form load:
t r y
{
/ / Khi ng connection
/ / Vn chuyn d liu ln Dat aTabl e dt ThanhPho
daThanhPho = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT * FROM
THANHPHO" , conn) ;
dt ThanhPho = new Dat aTabl e( ) ;
dt ThanhPho. Cl ear ( ) ;
daThanhPho. Fi l l ( dt ThanhPho) ;
/ / a d liu ln Li st Box
t hi s. l st ThanhPho. Dat aSour ce = dt ThanhPho;
t hi s. l st ThanhPho. Di spl ayMember = " TenThanhPho" ;
t hi s. l st ThanhPho. Val ueMember = " ThanhPho" ;
}
cat ch ( Sql Except i on)
{
MessageBox. Show( " Khng ly c ni dung trong table
THANHPHO. Li ri! ! ! " ) ;
}
- FormClosing:
dt ThanhPho. Di spose( ) ;
dt ThanhPho = nul l ;
/ / Hy kt ni
conn = nul l ;
- Button Thot:
/ / Khai bo bi n traloi
/ / Hi n hp thoi hi p
/ / Ki m tra c nhp chn nt Ok khng?

2. a d liu ln DataGridView
V d 10.2: Thit k form nh sau


(dgvKHACHHANG, btnThoat)

* Yu cu:
. Khi Form load: a d liu t table KhachHang ln DataGridView (dgvKHACHHANG),
c by li.
. Nhp vo Button Thot: dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn:
- Thit k form theo yu cu.
- DataGridView c thuc tnh:
+Name: dgvKHACHHANG
+Nhp phi chut ln DataGridView chn Edit Columns
+Trong hp thoi Edit Columns, nhp Add m hp thoi Add column v cc
column (ct) theo danh sch sau:
Name Type Header text DataPropertyName Width Ghi ch
MaKH TextBox M KH MaKH 100 Frozen
TenCty TextBox Tn Cty TenCty 250
DiaChi TextBox a ch DiaChi 200
ThanhPho TextBox Thnh Ph ThanhPho 100
DienThoai TextBox Ngy Nhn Hng DienThoai 100
Trong :
TextBox: l DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
CheckBox: l DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn
ComboBox: l DataGridViewComboBoxColumn
Thuc tnh DataPropertyName, Width iu chnh trong hp thoi Edit
Column.
- mc class, khai bo:
/ / Chui kt ni
// i tng kt ni
// i tng a d liu vo Dat aTabl e dt KhachHang
Sql Dat aAdapt er daKhachHang = nul l ;


Dat aTabl e dt KhachHang = nul l ;
- Form load:
t r y
{
/ / Vn chuyn d liu ln Dat aTabl e dt KhachHang
daKhachHang = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT * FROM
KHACHHANG" , conn) ;
dt KhachHang = new Dat aTabl e( ) ;
dt KhachHang. Cl ear ( ) ;
daKhachHang. Fi l l ( dt KhachHang) ;
/ / a d liu ln DataGridView
dgvKHACHHANG. Dat aSour ce = dt KhachHang;
}
{
KHACHHANG. Li ri! ! ! " ) ;
}
- FormClosing:
dt KhachHang. Di spose( ) ;
dt KhachHang = nul l ;
/ / Hy kt ni
conn = nul l ;
- Button Thot:
/ / Khai bo bi n traloi
/ / Hi n hp thoi hi p
/ / Ki m tra c nhp chn nt Ok khng?

3. a d liu vo ComboBox trong DataGridView
V d 10.3: T V D 10.2, b sung button
ReLoad (btnReLoad): load li ni dung ca table KhachHang vo DataGridView.


* Hng dn:
- mc class, b sung on code v khai bo hm LoadData() nh sau:

voi d LoadDat a( )
{
t r y
{
/ / Vn chuyn d liu vo Dat aTabl e dt ThanhPho
THANHPHO" , conn) ;
/ / a d liu ln ComboBox trong DataGridView
( dgvKHACHHANG. Col umns[ " ThanhPho" ] as
Dat aGr i dVi ewComboBoxCol umn) . Dat aSour ce = dt ThanhPho;
Dat aGr i dVi ewComboBoxCol umn) . Di spl ayMember =
" TenThanhPho" ;
Dat aGr i dVi ewComboBoxCol umn) . Val ueMember =
" ThanhPho" ;
/ / Vn chuyn d liu vo Dat aTabl e dt KhachHang
daKhachHang = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT * FROM
KHACHHANG" , conn) ;
dt KhachHang = new Dat aTabl e( ) ;
dt KhachHang. Cl ear ( ) ;
daKhachHang. Fi l l ( dt KhachHang) ;


}
{
KHACHHANG. Li ri! ! ! " ) ;
}
}
- Form Load: b ni dung c, thay bng
LoadDat a( ) ;
- ReLoad: Nhp p vo Button ReLoad, vit on code nh sau
LoadDat a( ) ;

III. Cc thao tc trn d liu: Thm Sa - Xa

1. V d 10.4: T V d 10.3, b sung button sau
Xa (btnXoa): xa record hin hnh ra khi table KhachHang.

* Hng dn:
- Xa: Nhp p vo Button Xa, thc hin nh sau
/ / M kt ni
conn. Open( ) ;
t r y
{
/ / Thc hin lnh
Sql Command cmd = new Sql Command( ) ;
cmd. Connect i on = conn;
cmd. CommandType = CommandType. Text ;
/ / Ly th t record hin hnh
i nt r = dgvKHACHHANG. Cur r ent Cel l . RowI ndex;
/ / Ly MaKH ca record hin hnh
st r i ng st r MAKH =
dgvKHACHHANG. Rows[ r ] . Cel l s[ 0] . Val ue. ToSt r i ng( ) ;
/ / Vi t cu lnh SQL
cmd. CommandText = Syst em. St r i ng. Concat ( " Del et e Fr om
KhachHang Wher e MaKH=' " + st r MAKH + " ' " ) ;
/ / Thc hin cu lnh SQL


cmd. Execut eNonQuer y( ) ;
/ / Cp nht li Dat aGr i dVi ew
LoadDat a( ) ;
/ / Thng bo
MessageBox. Show( " xa xong! " ) ;
}
{
MessageBox. Show( " Khng xa c. Li ri! ! ! " ) ;
}
/ / ng kt ni
conn. Cl ose( ) ;

2. V d 10.5: T V d 10.4, b sung cc i tng nh sau (xem hnh)
- Panel, trong c
+4 TextBox: txtMaKH, txtTenCty, txtDiachi, txtDienthoai
+1 ComboBox: cbThanhpho
- 4 Button: btnThem, btnSua, btnLuu, btnHuy
* Yu cu:
- Thit k khng cho ngi dng thao tc (Enabled =false) khi load form:
+Panel
+Cc Button Lu, Hy
- iu chnh li thuc tnh (properties) ca DataGridView
+AllowUserToAddRows =False
+EditMode =EditProgrammatically
- Khi Form load: a d liu t table KhachHang ln DataGridView (dgvKHACHHANG),
c by li.
- Nhp vo Button ReLoad: load li ni dung table KhachHang ln dgvKHACHHANG
- Nhp vo Button Thm:
+Xa trng cc i tng trong Panel.
+Cho php nhp thng tin khch hng vo cc i tng trn Panel
+Khng cho php thao tc trn cc Button: Thm, Sa, Xa, Thot.
+Cho php thao tc trn cc Button: Lu, Hy.
- Nhp vo Button Sa:
+ a thng tin ca khch hng ang c chn trong DataGridView ln Panel.
+Cho php nhp / sa thng tin khch hng vo / trong cc i tng trn Panel.
+Khng cho php thao tc trn cc Button: Thm, Sa, Xa, Thot.
+Cho php thao tc trn cc Button: Lu, Hy.
- Nhp vp Button Lu.
+Insert / Update thng tin khch hng t Panel vo table KhachHang.
+ReLoad li DataGridView
- Nhp vp Button Hy:
+Xa trng cc i tng trong Panel.
+Khng cho php nhp thng tin khch hng vo cc i tng trn Panel


* Hng dn:
- Thit k b sung Panel vi 4 TextBox v 1 ComboBox, Panel c Enabled =false
- mc class, b sung khai bo bin nh sau:
/ / Khai bo bi n kim tra vic Thmhay Sa d liu
bool Them;
- Hm LoadData(): b sung di hng
on code sau
/ / Xa t r ng cc i tng trong Panel
t hi s. t xt MaKH. Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt TenCt y. Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt Di aChi . Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt Di enThoai . Reset Text ( ) ;
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy
t hi s. bt nLuu. Enabl ed = f al se;
t hi s. bt nHuy. Enabl ed = f al se;
t hi s. panel . Enabl ed = f al se;
/ / Cho t hao t c t r n cc nt Thm/ Sa / Xa / Thot
t hi s. bt nThem. Enabl ed = t r ue;
t hi s. bt nSua. Enabl ed = t r ue;
t hi s. bt nXoa. Enabl ed = t r ue;
t hi s. bt nThoat . Enabl ed = t r ue;
- Thm: nhp p vo button Thm, b sung on code
/ / Ki ch hot bin Them
Them= t r ue;


// Cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy / Panel
t hi s. bt nLuu. Enabl ed = t r ue;
t hi s. bt nHuy. Enabl ed = t r ue;
t hi s. panel . Enabl ed = t r ue;
/ / Khng cho t hao t c t r n cc nt Thm/ Xa / Thot
t hi s. bt nThem. Enabl ed = f al se;
t hi s. bt nSua. Enabl ed = f al se;
t hi s. bt nXoa. Enabl ed = f al se;
t hi s. bt nThoat . Enabl ed = f al se;
/ / a d liu ln ComboBox
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Dat aSour ce = dt ThanhPho;
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Di spl ayMember = " TenThanhPho" ;
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Val ueMember = " ThanhPho" ;
// a con tr n TextField txtMaKH
t hi s. t xt MaKH. Focus( ) ;

- Sa: Nhp p vo button Sa, b sung on code
/ / K ch hot bin Sa
Them= f al se;
/ / a d liu ln ComboBox
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Dat aSour ce = dt ThanhPho;
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Di spl ayMember = " TenThanhPho" ;
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Val ueMember = " ThanhPho" ;
/ / Cho php t hao t c t r n Panel
/ / Th t dng hin hnh
/ / Chuyn thng tin ln panel
t hi s. t xt MaKH. Text =


t hi s. t xt TenCt y. Text =
t hi s. t xt Di aChi . Text =
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Sel ect edVal ue =
t hi s. t xt Di enThoai . Text =
t hi s. bt nHuy. Enabl ed = t r ue;
t hi s. bt nThoat . Enabl ed = f al se;
t hi s. t xt MaKH. Focus( ) ;

- Lu: Nhp p vo button Lu, b sung on code
/ / M kt ni
conn. Open( ) ;
/ / Thmd liu
i f ( Them)
{
t r y
{
/ / Thc hin lnh


/ / Lnh I nser t I nTo
cmd. CommandText = Syst em. St r i ng. Concat ( " I nser t
I nt o KhachHang Val ues( " + " ' " +
t hi s. t xt MaKH. Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' , ' " +
t hi s. t xt TenCt y. Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' , ' " +
t hi s. t xt Di aChi . Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' , ' " +
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Sel ect edVal ue. ToSt r i ng( ) +
" ' , ' " + t hi s. t xt Di enThoai . Text . ToSt r i ng( ) +
" ' ) " ) ;
/ / Load l i d liu trn Dat aGr i dVi ew
LoadDat a( ) ;
/ / Thng bo
MessageBox. Show( " thm xong! " ) ;
}
{
MessageBox. Show( " Khng thm c. Li ri!") ;
}
}
i f ( ! Them)
{
t r y
{
/ / Thc hin lnh
/ / MaKH hi n hnh
st r i ng st r MAKH =
/ / Cu l nh SQL
cmd. CommandText = Syst em. St r i ng. Concat ( " Updat e
KhachHang Set TenCt y=' " +
t hi s. t xt TenCt y. Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' , Di aChi =' "
+ t hi s. t xt Di aChi . Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' ,
ThanhPho=' " +
t hi s. cbThanhPho. Sel ect edVal ue. ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' ,
Di enThoai =' " +
t hi s. t xt Di enThoai . Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' Wher e
MaKH=' " + st r MAKH + " ' " ) ;
/ / Cp nht


LoadDat a( ) ;
/ / Thng bo
MessageBox. Show( " sa xong! " ) ;
{
MessageBox. Show( " Khng sa c. Li ri!") ;
}
}
/ / ng kt ni
conn. Cl ose( ) ;
- Hy: Nhp p vo button Hy, b sung on code
t hi s. bt nThoat . Enabl ed = t r ue;
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy / Panel
t hi s. bt nHuy. Enabl ed = f al se;

Bi Tp
1. Thit k form nh sau:

(cbSanpham, btnThoat)
* Yu cu:
. Form load: a d liu t table SanPham ln ComboBox (cbSanPham), km by li.
. Nhp vo Button Thot: dng chng trnh (c hin hp thoi hi / p).
2. a d liu ln DataGridView (nh II. 2) cho cc table: NhanVien, SanPham.
3. Thit k form (nh III) thc hin cc thao tc: Thm, Sa, Xa cho cc table: HoaDon,
ChiTietHoaDon. Lu : Cc field MaKH, MaNV, MaSP th hin di dng ComboBox.

-- oOo --


Chng 7: XY DNG NG DNG

Bi 12-13-14-15: NG DNG QUN L BN HNG

I. Chun b:
- Tn my c s dng (SERVERNAME) l PC-PC (thay i cho ng my ang dng!)
- Database c s dng (DATABASENAME) l QuanLyBanHang, gm c cc table sau:
+ThanhPho +Sanpham
+Khachhang +Hoadon
+Nhanvien +ChitietHoadon
- Vi quan h (Relationship) nh sau:

- Khi ng SQL Server 2008, to mt DataBase mi c tn QuanLyBanHang, import d
liu t file QuanLyBanHang.mdb
- Khi ng Visual Studio 2008, to mt project mi (Windows Forms Application), lu vi
tn QUANLYBANHANG

II. S dng control:

Cu 01: (Form1 Mn hnh chnh) Thit k nh sau


* Yu cu:
Khi Form1 c thc hin s th hin mn hnh ng nhp h thng l Form2.
* Hng dn:
- mc class, khai bo hm frmLogin() nh sau:
- Form Load:
f r ml ogi n( ) ;

Cu 02: (Form2 Mn hnh ng nhp - login)
Vit chng trnh th hin mn hnh ng nhp (login) nh sau:

(txtUser, txtPass, btnDangNhap, btnThoat)
* Yu cu:
- Khi nhp vo nt ng nhp (btnDangNhap) s thc hin kim tra:
+Nu txtUser = "teonv" v txtPass = "123" th chuyn sang Form1.
+ Ngc li th thng bo "Khng ng tn ngi dng / mt khu !!!"
- Nhp button Thot th hin th thng bo "Chc khng? "
+Nu chn Yes th kt thc chng trnh.
+ Ngc li th tr li mn hnh ng nhp h thng.
* Hng dn:
- ng nhp: Nhp p vo button btnDangnhap, g vo on code sau
i f ( ( t hi s. t xt User . Text =="t eonv") &&( t hi s. t xt Pass. Text =="123") )
t hi s. Cl ose( ) ;
el se
{
MessageBox. Show( "Khng ng tn ngi dng / mt
khu !!!", " Thng bo" ) ;
}
- Thot: Nhp p vo button btnThoat, g vo on code sau


Cu 03: (Form1 H thng Menu)
Thm vo Form1, h thng menu nh sau


* Hng dn: S dng MenuStrip

Cu 04: (Form1 Menu H thng)
* Yu cu: Trn Form1, vit lnh cho menu h thng nh sau
- Khi chn menu H thng \ ng nhp s thc hin ng nhp li h thng (Form2).
- Khi chn menu H thng \ Thot s dng chng trnh.
* Hng dn:
- Menu H thng \ ng nhp: Nhp p vo menu H thng \ ng nhp, g vo
on code sau:
f r ml ogi n( ) ;
- Menu H thng \ Thot: Nhp p vo menu H thng \ ng nhp, g vo on
code sau:

III. S dng DataBase:

Cu 05:
a) (Form1 Menu Danh mc)
* Yu cu: Trn Form1, vit lnh cho menu danh mc nh sau
- Vit hm XemDanhMuc(int intDanhMuc) thc hin m Form3 v gnForm3.Text =
intDanhMuc.
- Khi chn menu Xem Danh mc \ <int> s thc hin gi hm XemDanhMuc(<int>),
vi <int>l gi tr tng ng vi danh mc c chn.
* Hng dn:
- mc class, khai bo hm XemDanhMuc(int intDanhMuc) nh sau:
/ / Hmxemmdanh mc
voi d XemDanhMuc( i nt i nt DanhMuc)
{
f r m. Text = i nt DanhMuc. ToSt r i ng( ) ;
}
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Thnh Ph: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh
mc \ Danh mc Thnh Ph, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc( 1) ;
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Khch Hng: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh
mc \ Danh mc Khch Hng, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc( 2) ;
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Nhn Vin: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh
mc \ Danh mc Nhn Vin, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc( 3) ;
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Sn Phm: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh
mc \ Danh mc Sn Phm, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc( 4) ;


- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Ha n: Nhp p vo menu Xem Danh mc
\ Danh mc Ha n, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc( 5) ;
- Menu Xem Danh mc \ Danh mc Chi Tit Ha n: Nhp p vo menu Xem
Danh mc \ Danh mc Chi Tit Ha n, g vo on code sau:
XemDanhMuc( 6) ;
b) (Form3) Thit k Form3 theo mu nh sau

(lblDanhMuc, dgvDANHMUC, btnTroVe)
* Yu cu: Trn Form3
- Khi Form c load s hin th tn table (c chn) ln Label lblDanhMuc v ni
dung ca table ny ln DataGridView dgvDANHMUC.
- Khi nhp vo button Tr V s ng Form3.
* Hng dn:
- mc class, khai bo nh sau:
/ / Chui kt ni
// i tng kt ni
// i tng a d liu vo Dat aTabl e dt Tabl e
Sql Dat aAdapt er daTabl e = nul l ;
/ / i tng hin th d l i u ln For m
Dat aTabl e dt Tabl e = nul l ;
- Form Load
t r y
{
/ / X l danh mc
i nt i nt DM = Conver t . ToI nt 32( t hi s. Text ) ;
swi t ch ( i nt DM)


{
case 1:
l bl DM. Text = " Danh Mc Thnh Ph";
daTabl e = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT
ThanhPho, TenThanhPho FROM THANHPHO" ,
conn) ;
br eak;
case 2:
l bl DM. Text = " Danh Mc Khch Hng" ;
daTabl e = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT MaKH,
TenCTy FROM KHACHHANG" , conn) ;
br eak;
case 3:
l bl DM. Text = " Danh Mc Nhn Vin" ;
daTabl e = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT MaNV,
Ho, Ten FROM NHANVI EN" , conn) ;
br eak;
case 4:
l bl DM. Text = " Danh Mc Sn Phm";
daTabl e = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT MaSP,
TenSP, DonVi Ti nh, DonGi a FROM SANPHAM" ,
conn) ;
br eak;
case 5:
l bl DM. Text = " Danh Mc Ha n";
daTabl e = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT MaHD,
MaKH, MaNV FROM HOADON" , conn) ;
br eak;
case 6:
l bl DM. Text = " Danh Mc Chi Tit Ha n";
daTabl e = new Sql Dat aAdapt er ( " SELECT *
FROM CHI TI ETHOADON" , conn) ;
br eak;
def aul t :
br eak;
}
/ / Vn chuyn d liu ln Dat aTabl e dt Tabl e
dt Tabl e = new Dat aTabl e( ) ;
dt Tabl e. Cl ear ( ) ;
daTabl e. Fi l l ( dt Tabl e) ;
dgvDANHMUC. Dat aSour ce = dt Tabl e;
// Thay i rng ct
dgvDANHMUC. Aut oResi zeCol umns( ) ;
}
{
MessageBox. Show( " Khng ly c ni dung trong
t abl e. Li ri! ! ! " ) ;


}
}
- Tr V: Nhp p vo button Tr V, thm vo on code sau
t hi s. Cl ose( ) ;

Cu 06: (Form4 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Thnh Ph )
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Thnh Ph s m
Form4.
- Trn Form4: Thit k nh sau:

(panel, txtThanhPho, txtTenThanhPho, dgvTHANHPHO, btnReLoad, btnThem, btnSua,
btnXoa, btnLuu, btnHuyBo, btnTroVe)
* Hng dn:
a) (Form1 Menu Qun l danh mc n)
- Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Thnh Ph: Nhp p vo menu Qun
l danh mc n \ Danh mc Thnh Ph, g vo on code sau:
f r m. Text = " Qun l Danh mc Thnh Ph";
b) (Form4) Thit k Form4 nh mu
- mc class, khai bo nh sau:
/ / Chui kt ni
// i tng kt ni


/ / Khai bo bi n kim tra vic Thmhay Sa d liu
bool Them;

voi d LoadDat a( )
{
t r y
{
/ / Vn chuyn d liu ln Dat aTabl e dt ThanhPho
THANHPHO" , conn) ;
dgvTHANHPHO. Dat aSour ce = dt ThanhPho;
// Thay i rng ct
dgvTHANHPHO. Aut oResi zeCol umns( ) ;
t hi s. t xt ThanhPho. Reset Text ( ) ;
t hi s. t xt TenThanhPho. Reset Text ( ) ;
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy
t hi s. bt nHuyBo. Enabl ed = f al se;
/ / Cho t hao t c t r n cc nt Thm/ Sa / Xa /
Thot
t hi s. bt nTr oVe. Enabl ed = t r ue;
}
{
MessageBox. Show( " Khng ly c ni dung trong
t abl e THANHPHO. Li ri! ! ! " ) ;
}
}
- Form Load:
LoadDat a( ) ;
- FormClosing:
dt ThanhPho. Di spose( ) ;
dt ThanhPho = nul l ;


/ / Hy kt ni
conn = nul l ;
- ReLoad: Nhp p vo button ReLoad, thm vo on code sau
LoadDat a( ) ;
- Tr V: Nhp p vo button Tr V, thm vo on code sau
t hi s. Cl ose( ) ;
- Thm: Nhp p vo button Thm, thm vo on code sau
/ / Ki ch hot bin Them
Them= t r ue;
t hi s. bt nHuyBo. Enabl ed = t r ue;
t hi s. bt nTr oVe. Enabl ed = f al se;
// a con tr n TextField txtThanhPho
t hi s. t xt ThanhPho. Focus( ) ;
- Sa: Nhp p vo button Sa, thm vo on code sau
/ / K ch hot bin Sa
Them= f al se;
/ / Cho php t hao t c t r n Panel
i nt r = dgvTHANHPHO. Cur r ent Cel l . RowI ndex;
/ / Chuyn thng tin ln panel
t hi s. t xt ThanhPho. Text =
dgvTHANHPHO. Rows[ r ] . Cel l s[ 0] . Val ue. ToSt r i ng( ) ;
t hi s. t xt TenThanhPho. Text =
t hi s. bt nHuyBo. Enabl ed = t r ue;
t hi s. bt nTr oVe. Enabl ed = f al se;
t hi s. t xt ThanhPho. Focus( ) ;
- Xa: Nhp p vo button Xa, thm vo on code sau
/ / M kt ni
conn. Open( ) ;


t r y
{
/ / Thc hin lnh
/ / Ly th t record hin hnh
/ / Ly MaKH ca record hin hnh
st r i ng st r THANHPHO =
/ / Vi t cu lnh SQL
cmd. CommandText = Syst em. St r i ng. Concat ( " Del et e Fr om
ThanhPho Wher e ThanhPho=' " + st r THANHPHO + " ' " ) ;
/ / Thc hin cu lnh SQL
/ / Cp nht li DataGridView
LoadDat a( ) ;
/ / Thng bo
MessageBox. Show( " xa xong! " ) ;
}
{
MessageBox. Show( "Khng xa c. Li ri!") ;
}
// ng kt ni
conn. Cl ose( ) ;
- Hy B: Nhp p vo button Hy B, thm vo on code sau
t hi s. bt nTr oVe. Enabl ed = t r ue;
// Khng cho thao tc trn cc nt Lu / Hy / Panel
t hi s. bt nHuyBo. Enabl ed = f al se;
- Lu: Nhp p vo button Lu, thm vo on code sau
/ / M kt ni
conn. Open( ) ;
/ / Thmd liu
i f ( Them)
{
t r y
{


/ / Thc hin lnh
/ / Lnh Insert InTo
cmd. CommandText = Syst em. St r i ng. Concat ( " I nser t
I nt o ThanhPho Val ues( " + " ' " +
t hi s. t xt ThanhPho. Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' , ' " +
t hi s. t xt TenThanhPho. Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' ) " ) ;
LoadDat a( ) ;
/ / Thng bo
MessageBox. Show( " thm xong! " ) ;
}
{
MessageBox. Show( "Khng thm c. Li ri!") ;
}
}
i f ( ! Them)
{
/ / Thc hin lnh
/ / MaKH hi n hnh
st r i ng st r THANHPHO =
/ / Cu l nh SQL
cmd. CommandText = Syst em. St r i ng. Concat ( " Updat e
ThanhPho Set TenThanhPho=' " +
t hi s. t xt TenThanhPho. Text . ToSt r i ng( ) + " ' Wher e
ThanhPho=' " + st r THANHPHO + " ' " ) ;
/ / Cp nht
LoadDat a( ) ;
/ / Thng bo
MessageBox. Show( " sa xong! " ) ;
}
/ / ng kt ni
conn. Cl ose( ) ;

Cu 07: (Form5 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Khch Hng)


* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Khch Hng s m
Form5.
- Trn Form5: thit k nh sau

Cu 08: (Form6 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Nhn Vin)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Nhn Vin s m
Form6.

Cu 09: (Form7 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Sn Phm)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Sn Phm s m
Form7.


Cu 10: (Form8 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Ha n)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Ha n s m
Form8.

Cu 11: (Form9 Menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Chi Tit Ha n)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc n \ Danh mc Chi Tit Ha n s
m Form9.



Cu 11: (Form10 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Khch hng theo thnh ph)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Khch hng theo Thnh
Ph s m Form10.

Cu 12: (Form11 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Khch hng)
* Yu cu:


- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Khch
hng s m Form11.

Cu 13: (Form12 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Sn phm)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Sn phm
s m Form12.
t thc hin

Cu 14: (Form13 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Nhn vin)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Ha n theo Nhn vin
s m Form13.
t thc hin

Cu 15: (Form14 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Chi tit ha n theo Ha
n)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: khi chn menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Chi tit ha n theo Ha
n s m Form14.
t thc hin

Cu 16: (Form15 Menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ a cp)
* Yu cu:
- Trn Form1: b sung menu Qun l danh mc theo nhm \ Qun l a cp, v khi
chn s m Form15.


-- Ht --

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