Tn

K
Tng quan
im di chuyn ri ro im di chuyn chi ph. Cch vit iu kin trong hp ng
Ngha v ca ngi bn Ngha v ca ngi mua Lu
EXW

Ri ro v hng ha s
c chuyn t ngi
bn sang ngi mua k
t khi ngi bn giao
hng cho ngi mua ti
xng ca mnh.

- - - - Chun b hng ho theo ng
H, kim tra, bao b, k m hiu

- Giao hng cha bc ln ptvt
ca ngi bn

- K H vn ti, tr cc
chuyn ch hng ha

- Nhn hng, chu mi ri ro, chi
ph lin quan ti hng ha k t khi
ngi bn hon thnh ngha v giao
hng.

- Thng quan XK, NK.

- Khng nht nh phi thu
phng tin vn ti ch HH t c s
ngi bn v c s ca mnh. Ngi
mua lm th no chuyn c s
hng v c s ca h th l vic ca
h.

- Mi phng thc vn ti
- Thch hp vi giao dch ni a
- Cn c chn iu kin EXW:
Ngi mua c kh nng lm th
tc thng quan, vn ti
Nu ngi mua mun k hp ng
theo iu kin EXW m li khng
th trc tip lm cc th tc thng
quan xut nhp khu, th ngi
mua nn c i din ti nc XK
Th trng thuc v ngi bn.
Ngi bn ch mun bn vi gi
EXW v ngi mua khng th m
phn c.
Thng c cc nh NK ln s
dng khi mua hng t nhng nh
XK nh. Khi c nhiu ngi bn
cng 1 quc gia, th ngi NK phi
i gom hng t cc cng ty .
- Ngi bn thng khng c gi
l ngi XK

FCA
Ngi bn hon thnh
ngha v giao hng sau
khi giao hng cho
ngi mua thng qua
ngi vn ti u tin
do ngi mua ch nh
ti a im quy nh.

- Nu a im giao hng l ti
c s ngi bn, th im phn chia
chi ph v phn chia ri ro l ti c s
ngi bn khi hng bc ln phng
tin vn ti do ngi mua thu.
- Nu a im giao hng l ni
khc nm ngoi c s ngi bn th
thi im di chuyn ri ro l khi hng
vn nm nguyn trn phng tin vn
ti ca ngi bn cha d, ngi mua
phi c ngha v d hng ra khi
phng tin vn ti ca ngi bn v
bc ln phng tin vn ti ca mnh.
- FCA + ni i quy nh (c th nm
hoc khng nm c s ngi bn) +
Incoterms 2010.
- Giao hng cho ngi chuyn
ch quy nh ti a im quy nh
nm trong nc ngi bn
- Bc hng ln phng tin vn
ti ca ngi mua nu a im giao
hng l ti c s ca mnh hoc giao
hng cho ngi vn ti trn phng
tin vn ti ch n cha d ra nu giao
ti mt a im khc c s ca mnh
(im khc bit gia Incoterms 2000
vi Incoterms 1990)
- Thng quan xut khu
- Cung cp chng t giao hng.

- Ch nh ngi vn ti, k H
vn ti v tr cc ph
- Thng bo cho ngi bn v thi
gian v a im giao hng.
- Chu mi ri ro v mt mt, h
hng hng ha k t khi ngi bn hon
thnh vic giao hng cho ngi chuyn
ch do mnh ch nh.
- Mi phng thc vn ti, c
bit khi vn ti bng container.
- Nn s dng FCA thay FOB
nu khng c nh giao hng ln tu.
- Vic phn chia ngha v bc
d hng ha
`
CPT

Ngi bn hon thnh
ngha v giao hng sau
khi giao cho ngi vn
ti do chnh mnh thu.

- a im di chuyn ri ro:
a im i quy nh v khi ngi bn
giao hng cho ngi chuyn ch
m ngi bn thu (ch Incoterms
khng ni r l phi bc hng). Sau
khi hon thnh xong, th ri ro s
c chuyn t ngi bn sang ngi
mua.
- Thi im di chuyn ri ro l
khi bn chuyn ch bc hng ln
phng tin vn ti.
VD: xut khu go cho thng nhn
nc ngoi, ng bng bao, 50kg/
bao. Sau cc bao go c xp vo
trong container. K hp ng theo
iu kin CPT, thu ngi chuyn ch
vn chuyn hng ha t a im
giao hng quy nh, n a im n
quy nh (n cng n).
- a im phn chia chi ph: ni
n quy nh.
- CPT/ CIP + ni n quy nh +
Incoterms 2010
- Thng quan XK
- Thu phng tin vn ti, tr
cc, tr ph d hng ti im ch nu
chi ph ny c trong HVT. Ngoi cc
chi ph phi chu c tnh t a im
ri ro tr v trc, th phi chu thm
chi ph thu vn ti na.
- Giao hng cho ngi vn ti
m mnh ch nh
- Cung cp bng chng giao
hng.


- Nhn hng, chu di chuyn ri ro
- Chu mi chi ph v hng ha
trn ng vn chuyn cng nh chi ph
d hng ti ni n nu nhng chi ph
ny cha nm trong cc ph vn ti.

- CPT dng cho mi phng
thc vn ti k c vn ti a phng
thc
- Nn s dng CPT thay cho
CFR nu khng c nh giao hng
ln tu.

CIP
iu kin ny hon ton tng t vi CPT song ch khc l ngi bn c thm ngha v mua bo him cho hng ha. Vic mua bo him c thc
hin tng t nh iu kin CIF


DAT
Ngi bn chu mi ri
ro v chi ph a hng
ti v d hng ti bn
n quy nh.

- Ti bn quy nh, khi hng
c d khi phng tin vn
ti ca ngi bn.
- Hng cha lm th tc thng
quan NK (mi ch lm th tc
thng quan XK ti nc
khc)
- - - Thng quan XK
- Thu ptvt
- t hng ha d di s
nh ot ca ngi mua
- Chng t giao hng
- Thng bo giao hng

- Thng bo giao hng
- Nhn hng, nhn ri ro
- Thng quan NK

`
DAP
Ngi bn hon thnh
giao hng khi t hng
ha di s nh ot
ca ngi mua trn ptvt
cha d ti ni n quy
nh.

- a im di chuyn ri ro v
thi im l ti ni n quy
nh khi m HH cha c lm
th tc thng quan nhp khu
v cha c d khi ptvt
- - - Thng quan XK
- Thu ptvt, tr cc v chi ph
d nu thuc cc
- Giao hng ti ni n
- Chng t giao hng

- Thng bo giao hng
- Thng quan NK
- Nhn hng, nhn di chuyn ri ro
- D hng, tr ph d nu khng
thuc cc
-
So snh DAT vs DAP?
DDP
Ngi bn chu mi chi
ph v ri ro v hng
ha cho ti khi t hng
ha thng quan nhp
khu di s nh ot
ca ngi mua ti a
- Ni n quy nh khi HH
lm th tc thng quan nhp
khu v hng cha c d
khi phng tin vn ti ngi
bn. 3h1418s
- - - Thng quan XNK
- Thu phng tin vn ti, tr
cc, tr ph d nu thuc cc
- t hng ha di s nh ot
ca ngi mua trn phng tin vn
ti, cha d xung
- Thng quan NK
- Nhn hng, chu di chuyn ri ro
- D hng, tr ph d nu khng
thuc cc

- DDP thng c p dng khi
ngi bn c sn phm cnh tranh ti
nc hng n
- Ngi mua trong iu kin
DDP thng khng c gi l ngi
nhp khu
im quy nh nc
ngi mua.

- Cung cp chng t vn ti
ngi mua nhn hng
- Cm t np thu = Thng
quan NK
- Nhng chi ph chnh thc

FAS
Ngi bn hon thnh
ngha v giao hng sau
khi t hng dc mn
con tu do ngi mua
ch nh ti cng bc
hng.

- - - - Thng quan xut khu (im
khc bit gia Incoterms 2000 vi
Incoterms 1990)
- Giao hng dc mn tu
- Cung cp chng t giao hng

- K kt hp ng vn ti thu tu,
tr cc
- Tip nhn hng ha, chu di
chuyn ri ro

- Vn ti bin, thu ni a
- Thay i ngha v thng quan
XK
- Hng ng trong container nn
chuyn sang dng FCA


FOB
Ngi bn hon thnh
ngha v giao hng sau
khi giao hng trn
tu ti cng bc hng.
- - - - Lm th tc thng quan xut
khu
- Giao hng trn tu
- Cung cp bng chng giao
hng
- Tr ph bc hng ln tu nu
ph ny khng bao gm trong
cc vn ti.
- Thng bo giao hng

- K kt hp ng vn ti thu tu,
tr cc ph v chi ph bc hng nu chi
ph ny thuc cc ph
- Thng bo giao hng
- Chu mi ri ro v mt mt v h
hng hng ha k t khi hng c giao
ln tu

- FOB ch s dng cho vn ti
ng bin hoc ng thy ni a
- C rt nhiu loi FOB
- Khng nn s dng nhng
thut ng vn ti nh FI, FO, FIO...
(min bc/d...).
- Ch tp qun cng
- Ly B/L cng nhanh cng tt
nhm trnh ri ro.
- Nn s dng FCA thay FOB
nu khng c nh giao hng trn
tu.
CFR
Ngi bn hon thnh
ngha v giao hng sau
khi giao hng trn
tu ti cng bc hng.

- - - - K kt hp ng vn ti thu
tu, tr cc
- Thng quan xut khu HH.
- Giao hng trn tu
- Cung cp chng t vn ti
hon ho
- Tr chi ph d hng cng n
nu tnh trong cc vn chuyn.

- Nhn hng, chu di chuyn ri ro
- Tr cc chi ph nu cha c
tnh vo tin cc
- Thng quan NK

Ngha v thu tu:
- Thu theo quy nh ca HMB
- Thu theo Incoterms:
Thu mt con tu i bin
(Seagoing Vessel)
Thu tu ph hp vi tnh cht
ca hng ha
Tu i theo hnh trnh thng
thng
Thu tu theo nhng iu kin
thng thng



- a im di chuyn ri ro
khng trng vi a im phn chia
chi ph
- Ch tp qun cng n
- Ngi mua nn ch ti thi
gian dnh cho vic d hng ti ni n
- Khng nn quy nh thi gian
n theo iu kin CIF (v cc iu
kin nhm C ni chung
- Khng s dng nhng cch
vit tt khc: C+F, CNF, C&F
- Nu khng c nh giao hng
trn tu th nn s dng CPT thay
CFR

CIF Ngha v mua bo him:
Bn cht ging CFR,
khc bit duy nht l
ngi bn CIF c thm
ngha v mua bo him
cho hng ho v cung
cp chng t bo him
cho ngi mua.

- Mua BH theo quy nh ca
HMB
- Nu H khng quy nh th
mua BH nh sau:
Mua ti 1 cng ty bo him c uy
tn.
Gi tr bo him = 110% tng Gi
CIF
Mua bng ng tin ca hp ng
Mua bo him theo iu kin ti
thiu - iu kin C ca Hip hi
nhng ngi bo him London.
Thi hn bo him: Phi bo v
c ngi mua v mt mt h
hng hng ho trong sut qu trnh
vn chuyn.
Giy chng nhn bo him hay bo
him n c tnh chuyn nhng.