MATTER

1. The properties of matter.

Air: is it matter?
Why does a full air balloon weigh more
than an empty balloon?
Why water doesnt enter in the glass?
Properties of matter

Length.
Surface or area.
Volume.
Mass.
Density.
Temperature.
Length
Length is the distance between two bodies.

It is measured in metres (m).

We use rulers and measuring tapes when
we measure length.

1 km = 1000 m
1 hm = 100m
Length units
1 dam = 10 m
1 dm = 0,1 m
1 cm = 0,01m
1 mm = 0,001m
Surface
Surface is the space occupied by two dimensions:
length and width.

It is measured in square metres (m
2
).

Surface units
1 km
2
= 1000000 m
2
1 hm
2
= 10000m
2
1 dam
2
= 100 m
2
1 dm
2
= 0,01 m
2
1 cm
2
= 0,0001m
2
1 mm
2
= 0,000001m
2
Volume
Volume is the total space occupied by a body.

It is often measured in litres although the
International System volume unit is the
cubic metre (m
3
).

1 m
3
= 1000 dm
3
= 1 kL
1 dm
3
= 1000 cm
3
= 1 L
1 cm
3
= 1 mL
Volume units
Volume
The volume of geometric solids can be obtained
using mathematical formulae.

The volume of liquids can be measured using
measuring cylinders.
Volume
How can you find out the volume of an irregular
solid like a stone?

Mass
Mass is the amount of matter in a body.

It is measured in kilograms and grams.

1 t = 1000 kg
1 kg = 1000 g
1 hg = 100g
Mass units
1 dag = 10 g
1 dg = 0,1 g
1 cg = 0,01g
1 mg = 0,01g
Mass
The mass can be measured with scales.

Density
Density measures how concentrated the mass is.

The density is expressed in kg/m
3
or in g/cm
3
To measure the density of an object we can
determine the mass and the volume of the object
and divide both measurements:

Density =
Mass
Volume
Density
Density =
Mass
Volume
240 : 1000 = 0,24 g /cm
3
11290 : 1000 = 11,29 g /cm
3
1000 cm
3
cork
lead
Air 0,012
Alcohol 0,8
Water 1
Some substances density (g/cm
3
)
Aluminium 2,7
Copper 8,9
Silver 10,5
Lead 11,3
Iron 7,8
Mercurio 13,6
Gold 19,3
Matter is all that which occupies a space and
which can be weighed.
Same volume and
different mass.
Same mass and
different volume.
Same shape and
different matter.
Same matter and
different shapes.