Review Questions for Test 2, Biotechnology

Be intimately familiar with the RFP cloning lab.

What is a palindromic sequence? How does a palindromic sequence relate to restriction
digestion and ligation when constructing a recombinant piece of DNA?

How would you use restriction digest and ligation to create a recombinant DNA?

What is a ligase? What is the natural purpose of ligase, and how did we use it?

What charge is DNA? What electrode does DNA travel towards?

How does agarose concentration affect DNA separation in agarose gel electrophoresis?

What is the purpose of the TBE buffer in agarose gel electrophoresis? Loading dye?

How would you use NCBI to find the sequence of a particular piece of DNA or the
sequence of an mRNA?

How would you design primers for PCR cloning and add restriction digest sites?

What are applications of PCR? How does PCR work? What temperatures are involved?

What is Taq polymerase and why is it necessary for PCR?

What is the difference between being multi, pluri, and totipotent?

What is a stem cell? What makes a stem cell different from other cells?

What are the three germ layers? What types of tissues derive from each germ layer?

Be familiar with major techniques the figures from Yamanakas paper.

Be familiar with the major conclusions and importance of Yamanakas paper.

Be ready to analyze some of the results (figures) from Yamanakas paper or a simple
figure from another paper.