ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET

INTERNATIONAL DEGREE PROGRAMME

A. STUDENT/S TO COMPLETE
Module Name: INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE
TEACHING
Module Code: 4FHE 1053

Student Name: MAYA AIRANI BTE ASPAR Student ID Number: PLPPIP2011/102/KIC

Lecturer Name: DR. KARUNA KUMAR

Tutor Group: A1 (AMITAV GHOSH)



Assignment No./Name: ASSIGNMENT 3

LEARNER VARIABLE
Due Date: 22th OCTOBER 2013

Date Submitted: 22th OCTOBER 2013
Word Count:



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INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

MAYA AIRANI BINTI ASPAR PLPPIP2011/102/KIC A1 (AMITAV GHOSH)
Assignment 3: Learner Variables in ELT
Using your own words, write a short note (about 250 words) on any one of the
following topics:

The role of personality factors in learning a second language
There are three important personality characteristics that effect in a learning
of second language process which are extroversion verses introversion, inhibition
verses risk-taking and anxiety. These three characteristics give a big impact to the
learners while they are learning a second language. Furthermore, Gardner and
Clment (1990) determined that both types of learners had equal opportunities for
achievement, and teachers should address the needs of both personality types. First
characteristic are extroversion and introversion which emphasizes about students
learning style. Extrovert means the learners like to interact with people around them
meanwhile introvert like to learn alone based on their thoughts and feelings.
Inhibition and risk-taking are second characteristics which focuses on learners self-
confidence to take risks in order to success in learning the second language. For
short, inhibition is a negative force which can make the learners low self-confidence
especially teenagers because they are too shy to talk with other people around them.
In addition, according to Brown (2000) stated that high risk taking will encourage
positive results in second language learning. Lastly, Phillips (1992) stated that
anxiety indicate that foreign language anxiety can have a negative effect on the
language learning process because a learner who is anxious is less willing to
communicate. Anxiety will affect learners when there are too many people, the topic
of conversion are too hard, the speaker use high English level and low self-
confidence. In conclusion, introvert, inhibited and anxious are three characteristics
that carry a negative force meanwhile extrovert and dare to take risk can make the
learner success in learning second language and they will get more opportunity to
practice that give them positive effect to keep learning.




INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

MAYA AIRANI BINTI ASPAR PLPPIP2011/102/KIC A1 (AMITAV GHOSH)


References
Brown, H. D. (2000) Principles of language learning and teaching. (pp. 149-
150). New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Gardner, R. C., & Clment, R. (1990). Social psychological perspectives on
second language acquisition. In H. Giles & P. W. Robinson (Eds.), Handbook
of language and social psychology (pp. 495-517). NY: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Phillips, E.M. (1992). The effects of language anxiety on student oral test
performance and attitudes. The Modern Language Journal, 76, 14-26