nh sng ch l mt phn ca rt nhiu loi sng in t bay

trong khng gian. Nhng loi sng ny c c tn sut v chiu

di, hai gi tr ny gip phn bit nh sng vi nhng dng
nng lng khc trn quang ph in t.

1. L thuyt c bn v nh sng
nh sng c pht ra t vt th l do nhng hin tng sau:
Nng sng.
Phng in.
Pht quang in.
Pht sng quang in

Lumen: n v ca quang thng; thng lng c pht ra
trong phm vi mt n v gc cht rn bi mt ngun im vi
cng sng u nhau l mt Candela. Mt lux l mt
lumen trn mi mt vung.

2. Cc khi nim v thut ng thng dng
Hiu sut ti lp t: y l chiu sng duy tr trung bnh
c cung cp trn mt mt phng lm vic ngang trn mi
Ot cng sut vi chiu sng ni tht chung c th
hin bng lux/W/m.

H s hiu sut ti lp t: y l t s ca hiu sut ti mc
tiu v ti lp t.

2. Cc khi nim v thut ng thng dng
Ngun pht sng: B n l mt n v pht sng hon chnh,
bao gm mt hoc nhiu n cng vi cc b phn c thit
k phn phi nh sng, nh v v bo v n, v ni n vi
ngun in.

Lux: y l n v o theo h mt cho chiu sng ca
mt b mt. chiu sng duy tr trung bnh l cc mc
lux trung bnh o c ti cc im khc nhau ca mt
khu vc xc nh. Mt lux bng mt lumen trn mi mt
vung.

2. Cc khi nim v thut ng thng dng
cao lp t: cao ca vt hay n so vi mt
phng lm vic.

Hiu sut pht sng danh ngha: T s gia cng sut
lumen danh ngha ca n v tiu th in danh ngha,
c th hin bng lumen trn ot

2. Cc khi nim v thut ng thng dng
Ch s phng: y l mt h s thit lp quan h gia cc
kch thc d kin ca c cn phng v cao gia b
mt lm vic v b mt ca c.

Hiu sut ti mc tiu: Gi tr ca hiu sut ti lp t
c xem l c th t c vi hiu sut cao nht, c
th hin bng lux/W/m.

2. Cc khi nim v thut ng thng dng
H s s dng (UF): y l t l ca quang thng do n
pht ra ti mt phng lm vic. y l n v o th hin
tnh hiu qu ca s phi hp chiu sng.

Quang thng v cng sng:
n v quc t ca cng sng I l Candela (cd). Mt lumen bng
quang thng chiu sng trn mi mt vung (m2) ca mt hnh cu
c bn knh mt mt (1m) khi mt ngun nh sng ng hng 1
Candela (ngun pht ra bc x u nhau ti mi hng) c v tr ti
tm ca hnh cu.
vy quang thng do mt ngun nh sng ng hng c cng I
s c tnh theo cng thc:
Quang thng (lm) = 4 cng sng(cd)

2. Cc khi nim v thut ng thng dng
3.1 n si t (GLS):
c im
Hiu sut 12 lumen/Ot
Ch s hon mu 1A
Nhit mu m (2.500K 2.700K)
Tui th ca n 1 2.000 gi




3. CC LOI H THNG CHIU SNG
3.2 n Halogen-Vonfam: n halogen l mt loi n
nng si t.
c im
Hiu sut 18 lumen/Ot
Ch s hon mu 1A
Nhit mu m (3.000K- 3.200K)
Tui th ca n 2 4.000 gi

3. CC LOI H THNG CHIU SNG
3.2 n Halogen-Vonfam: n halogen l mt loi n
nng si t.

Nhc im
Gi cao hn
Nhiu tia hng ngoi hn
Nhiu tia cc tm hn
Kh cm gi
u im
Gn hn
Tui th di hn
Sng hn
nh sng trng hn (nhit mu cao hn)




3. CC LOI H THNG CHIU SNG
3.3 n hunh quang: n hunh quang c hiu sut ln
hn n si t tiu chun t 3 n 5 ln v c tui th
t 10 n 20 ln.




3. CC LOI H THNG CHIU SNG
4.1 Lng nh sng cn thit: Mi cng vic u yu cu
mc chiu sng nht nh ln b mt c th. m bo
chiu sng tt l iu cn thit thc hin cc cng vic
cn chiu sng.



4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng
ni tht:
Quy trnh thit k chiu
sng tng bc c minh
ha pha di c km theo
v d. Hnh sau nu cc
thng s ca mt khng
gian thng gp.



4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 1: Quyt nh mc chiu sng cn thit ln b mt
lm vic, loi n v ngun pht sng:
Phi tin hnh nh gi s b v loi chiu sng cn
thit, thng th quyt nh c a ra da trn tnh kinh
t v tnh thm m. i vi cc cng vic vn phng bnh
thng cn mc chiu sng 200 lux.

i vi khng gian vn phng s dng iu ha, chng ta nn

chn n tup hunh quang 36W b i.

4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 2: Thu thp s liu phng theo mu di y:

4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 2: Thu thp s liu phng theo mu di y:

4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 3: Tnh ch s o phng:

4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
= 10 X 10 / [2 *(10 + 10)] = 2,5
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 4: Tnh h s s dng:

H s s dng c nh ngha nh l t l phn trm ca lumen
n trn pht ra ngun sng v truyn n b mt lm vic. Nh
sn xut s cp cho mi b n mt bng CU ring ly t bo co
th nghim trc quang.
4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 5: Tnh s mi lp cn thit bng cch p dng cng
thc sau:
Trong :
N = S mi lp
E = Mc lux cn thit ln b mt lm vic
A = Din tch (L x W)
F = Tng lng dng (lumen) ca tt c cc n trong
mt mi lp

4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 5: Tnh s mi lp cn thit bng cch p dng cng
thc sau:
UF = H s s dng ly t bng i vi mi lp
LLF = H s tht thot nh sng. H s ny tnh hao
mn theo thi gian ca lng nh sng pht ra t n v
lng bi tch t trn mi lp v trn tng nh.

4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 5: Tnh s mi lp cn thit bng cch p dng cng
thc sau:
LLF = Lumen n MF x Ngun sng MF x B mt cn
phng MF

4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
4.2 Thit k chiu sng ni tht:
Bc 6: B tr cc b n m bo tnh ng u:
4. Thit k h thng chiu sng
Thit k chiu sng cho ca hng bn in thoi di ng
din tch 10mx10m.

V D P DNG
V D P DNG 1
V D P DNG 2
Thit k chiu sng cho phn xng c kh c chiu rng
20m, chiu di 50m, chiu cao 4.5m, cao b mt lm vic
0.8m v b phn x l 751.

V D P DNG 3
Thit k chiu sng cho phn xng dt c chiu rng 24m,
chiu di 42m, chiu cao 5.85m, cao b mt lm vic 0.8m
v b phn x l 753.

V D P DNG 4
Thit k chiu sng cho phn xng c chiu rng 30m,
chiu di 60m, chiu cao 4.8m, cao b mt lm vic 0.8m v
b phn x l 873.

y l bi ton thit k chiu sng dn dng, khng i hi
chnh xc v ri nn thit k theo sut ph ti chiu sng.

GII V D 1
Chn sut chiu sng: P
0
= 30W/m
2
.

Tng cng sut chiu sng cn cp cho ca hng:

P
cs
= P
0
.S

= 30x100 = 3000 W

Chn n tuyp 1m2, 40W. S n l:

N= 3000/40 =75 bng

B tr n:

Chia lm 5 dy, mi dy 5 cm, mi cm 3 bng

y l bi ton thit k chiu sng cng nghip, i hi
chnh xc v ri ti b mt lm vic nn thng thit k
chiu sng theo phng php quang thng tng.

GII V D 4
1. Kch thc:

2. H s phn x:

2
a 60m b 30m
H 4.8m S 1800m
= =
= =
tr tg lv
0.8, 0.7, 0.3 = = =
(B phn x: 873)

3. ri yu cu:

4. H chiu sng: Chung u

5. Chn khong nhit mu:

6. Chn bng n:

tc
E 500lux =
0
m
T 3100 5100 K =
0
m a
d d
T 4000 K R 76
P 36W 2500lm
= =
= u =
7. Chn b n:

8. Chiu cao treo n:

9. Cc thng s k thut ca nh sng:

Ch s a im:

lv
h' 0m h 0.8m = =
tt lv
h H h' h
4.8 0 0.8 4m
=
= =
60 30
5
( ) 4 (60 30)
tt
ab
K
h a b

= = =
+ +
M hiu: RI-GT grille dfilement
Cp b n: D
Hiu sut: 0.61D
S n/1 b: 2
Quang thng/1 b: 5000 lm
Cng sut/1 b: 72W
L
docmax
: 1.4h
tt

L
ngangmax
: 1.75h
tt

T s treo n:

H s c ch:

H s s dng:

H s b:

Chn d = 1.25

'
0
'
tt
h
j
h h
= =
+
Tra bng vi b n cp D, t s treo j=0, b phn x 873,
ta c h s c ch l: u
d
= 1.2

0.61 0.61 1.2 0.73
d
U u = = =
BNG TM TT CC THNG S
10. Quang thng tng:

11. S b n:

12. Kim tra sai s quang thng:

Chn s b n: 300 b.

500 1800 1.25
1541096( )
0.73
tc
tong
E S d
lm
U

= = = u
1
1541096
308
5000
tong
bd
bo
N = = =
u
u
1
*
300*5000 1541096
% 2.7%
1541096
bd bo tong
tong
N

= = =
u u
Au
u
Sai s quang thng trong gii hn cho php.

13. Kim tra ri trung bnh trn mt bng lm vic:

Thi im ban u:

Sau mt nm lm vic:

14. Phn b cc b n:

1
300 5000 0.73
608( )
1800
boden bo
tb
U
lux
S

= = =
N u
E
1
300 5000 0.73
487( )
1800 1.25
boden bo
tb
U
lux
S d

= = =

N u
E
B tr 20 dy n, mi dy 15 b n.

n = 20, m =15, N
bd
=20x15=300.

Khong cch gia dy ngoi cng v tng bng
khong cch gia cc dy n.

Kim tra cc khong cch phn b n:

max
max
1.4 1.4 4 5.6
1.75 1.75 4 7.0
doc tt
ngang tt
L h m
L h m
= = =
= = =
max
max
30
2.0
15
60
3.0
20
2.0 3.0
doc doc
ngang ngang
doc ngang
b
L m L
m
a
L m L
n
L m L m
= = = <
= = = <
= < =
Tha mn yu cu v khong cch gia cc b n.

L
doc

L
n
g
a
n
g