Ms. G. E.

Barkav, June 2013, A Study on Passengers Attitude towards Private Bus with Special Reference to
Salem City
In modern days transport plays a dominant role. No transport business can exist without passengers. No
transport business can survive without satisfying the needs of the passengers. In general, compared with other
modes of transport, bus transport and its services are more indispensable, convenient and very easy to
access. In certain situations, bus transport may suit with the needs of the passengers and facilitate more in all
aspects. It carries the people from one place to another place to enable the people to carry out their day to day
activity, business etc., Therefore bus transport and its quality service is too important and plays a vital role in a
mans day to day life of the general public. Bus transport industrial services are as similar to central nerves
system of a human body. Bus transport connects different levels of people and it aid the people to have, build
their business contact, celebrating festivals and in many ways. That is why this topic is taken to appraise and
assess different kinds of bus passengers with different attitudes towards the bus transport services. These
study is a part of an ongoing passenger attitude research towards private bus in Salem city. The main aim of
this study is to know the attitude and perception towards bus passenger. This research article will provide a
clear view about the different attitudes of bus passengers, quality of service assured by private players.

GIRLIE LIT ANG LABASTILLA, 2008, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF ROUTE OPERATING
CHARACTERISTICS, LEVEL OF SERVICE AND PROFITABILITY: THE CASE OF JEEPNEYS IN THE CITY
OF MANILA
This research investigated the empirical relationships between route operating characteristics, profitability, and
level of service for the case of jeepneys in the City of Manila. An understanding of these factors and their inter-
relationships is a prerequisite to proper planning, management, and regulation of jeepney operations. From the
survey data collected, empirical models were established to determine the appropriate route operating
characteristics that would maximize jeepney profitability for the benefit of the drivers/ope
As expected, the average gross fare ended at 954.22 during weekdays was bigger than that of weekends. On
the average, the gross fare earned on weekdays and weekends were 1,168.98 and 1,019.33, respectively.
Likewise, the net income on weekdays was bigger than that of weekends recorded at 481 .11 and 331 .28,
respectively. Majority of the respondents had a gross fare earning between 600.00 to 1,200.00 on
weekdays, and 400.00 to 1,000.00 on weekends.
Most drivers noted that gross earnings on Saturdays were lower due to traffic delays which may be attributed
to the absence of regulation on traffic volume. Weekday gross fare earned obviously is bigger than what can
be earned during Saturday and Sunday. Interestingly, gross fare earned during Saturdays is more than what
can be earned during Sundays. Gross fare earned during Sundays only become higher than Saturday

GARNER TED C. LIBRES, march 2008, Analysis of Relationship between Driver Characteristic and Road
Accidents along Commonwealth Avenue
increase in road traffic congestion and accidents are two of the major effects observable due to rapid
motorization and urbanization growth in most Asia Pacific countries. Several others include air pollution also
largely due to vast motor vehicle volumes, and increase in urban poor population and its related problems.
Although urbanization improved the regions economic growth as generated by Asian cities, its negative
impacts on the countries cannot be ignored.
Road traffic accidents are one of the world's largest contributors to injury problems, loss of lives, and
damage to property. According to the World Health Organization more than one million people are killed on the
worlds roads each year. Along with this, road accidents also amount to substantial economic losses due to
various costs associated with them like medical, damage repair, administrative, and other social and
opportunity related costs.

John Ray Ramos, 2012, 4 Reasons to Avoid Colorum Trips

Colorum trips may offer a faster trip to your destinations but there are a lot of risks involved. Recently, the Land
Transportation Office (LTO), Philippine National Police, and traffic enforcement agencies have stepped up their
campaign against colorum vehicles. Colorum drivers have a particular characteristic in driving. They tend to be
evasive so they drive fast, take shortcuts and different routes just to avoid traffic enforcers. Fast driving and
passing by narrow streets and even accident-prone areas increase the risk of accidents. It is more dangerous
to ride a quick-moving colorum trip compared to being stuck in a public vehicle in traffic area. Also, vehicle
maintenance is questionable so the risk of accidents gets even higher.

Philip Nicosia, 2007, Unique Jeepney Experience
Public transportation on land around the world comes in various types. There's the bus, the taxicab and the lightrail transit. But
nothing beats the jeepney, considered the most convenient public transportation in the world. And perhaps nothing is more
unique than the Philippine jeepney which plies the major cities in the Philippines. This transportation is proof of the Filipinos'
creativity and ability to improvise technology into more useful forms.
What makes these Philippine jeepneys attractive are the decorations that adorn its exterior and interior. The various ornaments
used include moving horse figurines, flags, colorful and blinking lights, mirrors, paintings and stickers with various sayings
ranging from the funny to the serious ones. Stereos that play loud music are another attraction in the PUJs which many young
passengers go for. Other improvisations have also been made such as buttons on the interior's walls which passengers have to
push to make the driver stop the jeepney. Sometimes, the pushing of the button will coincide with the blinking of a light or a
sound that will alert the driver. If not a push button, a string to be pulled is another way of making the PUJ stop once reaching
your destination.

Gerlinda Grimes, 2008, How does getting married affect your auto insurance?
Getting married, therefore, generally has a positive effect on your car insurance rates. Most auto insurance
carriers offer a discount to married drivers. Even men under 25, who generally get stuck with the highest auto
insurance premiums, receive a discount for being married. Married same-sex couples (in states that recognize
civil unions and domestic partnerships) also qualify for the benefit, at least from the two biggest U.S. auto
insurers, State Farm and Allstate [source: Edgerton].
Though marriage is generally a slam dunk for reducing auto-insurance premiums, this doesn't mean that
newlyweds should always combine their auto insurance. If both partners have good driving records, then
combining insurance may help you save even more. Adding a spouse as a secondary driver and/or adding
your spouse's vehicle can pave the way to even greater discounts, such as multi-policy and infrequent driver
discounts. On the other hand, if one partner has a less-than-perfect driving record or if one of you receives a
speeding ticket or a DUI or has an accident in the future, the entire policy could be negatively affected.