You are on page 1of 18

  .

ktb3.jpg

http://tommygilchrist.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/dinosaur-asteroid.jpg

# , r
r # #
, # #
r .

ktb4.jpg

http://undsci.berkeley.edu/article/alvarez_01
 !

# # .
#
# #.
.

#.
, r #
. # #
#.
r r .

ktb5.jpg

http://www.sciencebuzz.org/buzz-tags/k-pg-event
r .
r
r
r .
#.

. r #
#
r#.

ktb6.jpg

# I# r
. I#
r . , .

.

gert10.png

gert11.png

http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/tvradio/programmes/horizon/dino_prog_summary.shtml
1980 ,1884
# .
#
.
# #
#.
# #
. #I #
r# # l,r
# #
r#.
http://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/19/science/the-debate-over-dinosaur-extinctions-takes-an-unusually-rancorous-turn.html
# # # #
#,# r #.
. #
, r
# r # #.
r #
#
.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/13/130212--chicxulub-asteroid-dinosaurs-volcano-mass-extinction-environment-science/
r  .

ktb7.jpg

http://scienceline.org/2012/01/between-the-flows/
r # # #
# # #,
#.

#.

,I #.

# r #. r
.
r r .

# # #,

r #.

gert3.jpg

http://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.in/2012/12/scientist-argues-that-volcanoes-not.html#.VCi5vLjrbVR
r r .

r ,
r r .

dinoex1.jpg

# # # , r
r
r#.

#
r .
# # #
#.
,
r ,
r #.
r
r . r
r .
#
r .

gert2.png

http://massextinction.princeton.edu/.../8-deccan-gas...

r
r
# # # #
r#.
#
, I r
# # # #.
http://www.livescience.com/25324-volcanoes-killed-dinosaurs.html
http://www.yalescientific.org/2013/02/volcanoes-implicated-in-murder-of-dinosaurs-new-evidence-points-to-volcanism-as-the-maincause-of-dinosaur-extinctions/
r #
#
.
r # #
# , r #
#.

#.
# # #
, r
# r#.
# #
.
# r
# .
# #
.
.
# r
I # I I#
#. # r
# . #
# .
.#
# ,
r
, # #
.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/04/0426_060426_dinos.html
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/04/060425091449.htm
#
# .
#
,#
r #
#.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/353277.stm

# # r
#.
r r
. r ,
r .
#
, #
# .
# I #
# # ,
# .
# # I
# r #
.

mtr1


I # I I#
r .
r #
# I I#
.
I# r
.
I# r r
# . I# I# I
. # I r #
r .
# I # I
I# r .

hippo3a.png

r I#
#
.
I#
# .
# I I#
# #
.

mtr5

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simosuchus

# I , I,
, I
. # I r
.

mtr6

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simosuchus
# r
r
# r #.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/07/080725-antarctica-fossil_2.html
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080722192345.htm
#
r #
r r # r
.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/11/131112-antarctica-climate-change-penguin-origins/
http://www.sciencealert.com.au/features/20131411-25010.html
# #
r

.
.................................
, 13,000 , # #
,
, r
.

ydex1.jpg

https://craterhunter.wordpress.com/tag/younger-dryas-impact-event/
# , 13,000
,
,
r .

13,000 ?
# .

# #.
r I r
# #.

iac1.jpg

iac6.jpg

r r ,
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
, #
.#
.
r .
.

.

# .

acc20.jpg

http://donsmaps.com/endoficeage.html

, #
, #
.

yd19.jpg

# r
# #
r .
#
.

ydf2.jpg

http://www.panoramio.com/photo/5845539

yd4.jpg

http://www.simplybloomers.co.uk/D-Flowers-Dianthus-Chinensis-(Chinese-Pink)-to-Dryas.html

#
13,000 r .
.

ydp.png

http://theness.com/neurologicablog/index.php/the-younger-dryas/

ydc18.png

http://wattsupwiththat.com/2013/06/02/multiple-intense-abrupt-late-pleisitocene-warming-and-cooling-implications-for-understandingthe-cause-of-global-climate-change/
13,000 ,
# r . # #
.
14,000
#
.
15,000

.
,
.

r ,
# #.

? ?
.

ydex.jpg

http://content.usatoday.com/communities/sciencefair/post/2010/05/mammoth-extinction-triggered-climate-cooling/1#.VDDhxbjrbVQ

yd6.jpg

http://news.discovery.com/earth/mystery-of-the-younger-dryas.htm

acc10.jpg

acc14.png

http://news.discovery.com/earth/mystery-of-the-younger-dryas.htm
# 1989 # #
#. r

,
I .
I
I ,
.
http://simpleclimate.wordpress.com/2013/10/05/how-ocean-data-helped-reveal-the-climate-beast/

acc15.png

http://www.sci-news.com/geology/science-younger-dryas-climate-shift-asteroid-comet-quebec-01351.html

acc16.jpg

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2409622/Did-meteor-trigger-beginnings-CIVILISATION-Scientists-conclusive-proofimpact-caused-humans-develop-agriculture.html
# r # #
# #.
# r , , # 13,000
, I
#.
I
#.
.
,
# # #.

ydc1.png

http://www.nature.com/news/evidence-found-for-planet-cooling-asteroid-1.13661
# #
#, #
, # #.

acc11.png

http://www.viewzone.com/iceage.html

ydc.png

http://www.universityherald.com/articles/4425/20130903/younger-dryas-meteor-impact-theory-traced-quebec-canada-scientists-still.htm
# r .

yd10.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_event

r .

titanic1.jpg

titanic.jpg

acc24.jpg

http://www.eos.ubc.ca/research/glaciology/research/HeinrichEvents.html

yd20.gif

http://www.eos.ubc.ca/research/glaciology/research/HeinrichEvents.html
http://www.geomar.de/en/research/fb1/fb1-p-oz/research-topics/low-to-high-latitude-climate-linkages/heinrich-events/

acc25.jpg

http://www.eos.ubc.ca/research/glaciology/research/HeinrichEvents.html
,
, .
,
.
,
.

.
.
# # # # # r #
, #.
#
r .
# r .
r 1, 2,... 6, .
r # I
. r 7000-10,000
.
# 14,000 r 1 #
#.

doevents1.png

http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/abrupt/data3.html

ydc12.png

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_event

oiso.jpg

http://silentwitnesss.wordpress.com/tag/ice-age/

icecore.jpg

 - 
pcl3.jpg
http://www.jonchristianryter.com/2008/080406.html
http://articles.latimes.com/2011/feb/07/local/la-me-willi-dansgaard-20110207
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dansgaard%E2%80%93Oeschger_event
# # #, #
# # ,r I
#. ## #.
r I 16
18 r .
.
18 , 16 , I# ,
18 16 .

liage1.jpg

http://minerva.union.edu/hollochk/kth/illustrations.htm
# 18 ,
.
I
16
I
.
r 16
18 .
16 18 .

.
r I ##
r .

doeve.jpg

http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Paleoclimatology_OxygenBalance/

doevents.png

http://www.azimuthproject.org/azimuth/show/Dansgaard-Oeschger+event

acc12.jpg

http://theresilientearth.com/?q=content/modeling-ice-ages-end-lessens-climate-change-worries
r #-#
# .
#-# #
# .

yde1.png

r ,470 500
#
# # r #.
.
--- # # # - #
, 8,200 ,1500
r #.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_event
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_C._Bond
http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/tar/wg1/074.htm
----

pcl5.jpg

lia41.png

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2543278/Britain-glaciers-18th-century-Study-reveals-ice-masses-existed-11-THOUSANDyears-later-thought.html#ixzz39uAplG1P
1350 1850
.
.
# #,
. .

iceagevolcano2.jpg

http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/projects/ensembles/pus/CCOVERVIEW/LIA.html
1816 .
. r. . .
# #.

1816b

http://www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com/1816-year-without-summer/

yws4.png

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/10/111003-science-climate-change-little-ice-age/

1816.jpg

http://www.amazon.com/The-Year-Without-Summer-Darkened/dp/031267645X

iat10.jpg

http://www.rogergrogan.com/global-warming-and-co2

acc4.jpg

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2527090/Did-Halleys-comet-cause-FAMINE-1-500-years-ago-Dust-cosmic-body-cooledEarths-atmosphere-caused-devastating-crop-failures.html

acc5.jpg

http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/06/11/when-the-weather-went-all-medieval-climate-change-famine-and-mass-death.html

pcl4.gif

http://storm.colorado.edu//~toohey/overheads.html

yd6.jpg

http://news.discovery.com/earth/mystery-of-the-younger-dryas.htm

ydc13.png

http://www.redorbit.com/news/space/1112937459/younger-dryas-asteroid-wiped-out-large-mammals-090313/
r
.
.

fro6.jpg

http://www.itv.com/news/2013-01-17/walking-on-the-thames-1963s-big-freeze-in-pictures/
2013 #
r I#
I
.
.
# .
# r
I # I# I# #
.
r #
.
#
I
.
#
.
http://www.thamesweb.co.uk/windsor/windsorhistory/freeze63.html

yde4.png

.
r r
# r# I r#.

yde2.png

yde3.png

http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/documents/421974/1295957/Info+sheet+%236.pdf/be5d8b4e-5c2b-429a-b4c9-69c9b5611477

niafro.png

http://www.voiceonline.com/niagara-falls-frozen-by-polar-vortex/

niafro2

http://www.flippingsocial.com/niagara-falls-frozen-over-in-1911/niagara-falls-frozen-over-in-1911/

8200yrevent

http://www.geo.arizona.edu/palynology/geos462/8200yrevent.html

ydlake

http://www.uc.edu/news/NR.aspx?id=14355
12.000 #
r I
# #.
r
# r
. #
#.

#
r .
r I#
# r# #.

reefsls1.png

http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5101/sir2007-5101_chapter10.pdf

bolling.png

http://www.iodp.org/ice-sheet-collapse-and-sea-level-rise-at-the-b%C3%B8lling-warming-14600-years-ago

acc6.jpg

http://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/day-yesterday-when-abrupt-climate-change-came-chesapeake-bay
# # r# #
# # # # I
r r
r #
#.

14500,11500, 8000
# r#.

pcl2.png

http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/abrupt/data5.html
14500 # r
#
.
.
14500, #
r r , # ,
r I
# # # #.
8000 # r
# r#. 8000

# r#.
# r.
# .
I# I#
#. # r
.

You might also like