Unidad 3

La voz pasiva
Tiempos simples: presente

Formacin:

The scientist writes a report.
1 2 3


A report is written by the scientist.
3 2 1
Voz activa o voz pasiva?

Si es importante expresar quin realiza la accin se
utiliza la voz activa o la pasiva seguida por by ..

Activa:
Peter Franks runs the Marketing Department.


Pasiva:
The Marketing Department is run by Peter Franks.
Voz pasiva Formas tpicas

Microstructures comprising an optimized combination
of nano- and ultra-fine grains are obtained in austenitic
stainless steels by controlled annealing of heavily cold-
worked metastable austenite.

Las microestructuras que incluyen una combinacin optimizada
tanto de nanogranos como de ultra finos son obtenidas en los
aceros inoxidables austenticos por el recocido controlado de la
austenita metaestable trabajada lentamente (laboriosamente) en
fro.
Voz pasiva Formas tpicas (cont.):
Si no se conoce o no es importante expresar quin realiza la accin
se utiliza la voz pasiva sin by :

Microstructures comprising an optimized combination of
nano- and ultra-fine grains are obtained in austenitic
stainless steels.

En tal caso puede recurrirse en espaol a una pasiva con se:

En los aceros inoxidables austenticos se obtienen microestructuras
que incluyen una combinacin optimizada tanto de nanogranos
como de ultra finos.
La voz pasiva (cont)
Voz pasiva: tiempos simples - Presente








Afirmativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report is written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing is printed
(by the plotter)/(by
it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report is written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos simples Presente (cont.)








Negativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report is not written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing is not printed
(by the plotter)/(by
it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report is not written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos simples - Presente (cont.)








Negativo (contracciones)
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report isnt written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing isnt printed
(by the plotter)/(by
it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report isnt written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos simples - Presente (cont.)








Interrogativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Is a report written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Is a drawing printed (by the plotter)/(by it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Is a report written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
Voz pasiva: tiempos simples Presente (cont.)








Interrogativo negativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Is a report
not
written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Is a drawing printed (by the plotter)/(by it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Is a report written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
Voz pasiva: tiempos simples - Presente (cont.)








Interrogativo negativo (contracciones)
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Isnt a report written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Isnt a drawing printed (by the plotter)/(by it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Is a report written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
Voz pasiva (cont.)
Tiempos progresivos - Presente


Formacin:

The scientist is writing a report.
1 2 3


A report is being written by the scientist.
3 2 1
Voz pasiva Formas tpicas


To meet this challenge, a number of innovative
approaches are being developed by the technologists.


Para alcanzar este desafo, una cantidad de mtodos innovativos
estn siendo desarrollados por los tecnlogos.

Voz pasiva Formas tpicas

Si no se conoce o no es importante expresar quin realiza la
accin se utiliza la voz pasiva sin by :

To meet this challenge, a number of innovative
approaches are being developed.

En tal caso puede recurrirse en espaol a una pasiva con se:

Para alcanzar este desafo, se estn desarrollando una cantidad
de mtodos innovativos.

La voz pasiva (cont)
Voz pasiva: tiempos progresivos - Presente








Afirmativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report is being written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing is being printed
(by the plotter)/(by
it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report is being written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos progresivos - Presente








Negativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report is not being written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing is not being printed
(by the
plotter)/(by it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report is not being written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos progresivos - Presente








Negativo (contracciones)
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report isnt being written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing isnt being printed
(by the
plotter)/(by it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report isnt being written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos progresivos - Presente








Interrogativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Is a report being written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Is a drawing being printed
(by the plotter)/(by
it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Is a report being written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
Voz pasiva: tiempos progresivos - Presente








Interrogativo negativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Is a report not being written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Is a drawing not being printed
(by the
plotter)/(by it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Is a report not being written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
Voz pasiva: tiempos progresivos - Presente








Interrogativo negativo (contracciones)
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Isnt a report being written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Isnt a drawing being printed
(by the plotter)/(by
it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Isnt a report being written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
La voz pasiva (cont)
Tiempos perfectos - Presente


Formacin:

The scientist has written a report.
1 2 3


A report has been written by the scientist.
3 2 1
Voz pasiva Formas tpicas


Metallic glasses based on the specialized formulation
of ferrous alloys have been developed by the
technologist.

Los vidrios con contenido metlico, basados en la formulacin
especializada de aleaciones ferrosas, han sido desarrollados por
los tecnlogos.

Voz pasiva Formas tpicas

Si no se conoce o no es importante expresar quin realiza la
accin se utiliza la voz pasiva sin by :

Metallic glasses based on the specialized formulation
of ferrous alloys have been developed.

En tal caso puede recurrirse en espaol a la voz pasiva con se:

Se han desarrollado vidrios con contenido metlico basados en la
formulacin especializada de aleaciones ferrosas.
La voz pasiva (cont)
Voz pasiva: tiempos perfectos - Presente








Afirmativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report has been written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing has been printed
(by the plotter)/(by
it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report has been written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos perfectos - Presente








Negativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report has not been written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing has not been printed
(by the
plotter)/(by it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report has not been written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos perfectos - Presente








Negativo (contracciones)
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

A report hasnt been written
(by me).
(by you).
(by her).
(by him).
A drawing hasnt been printed
(by the
plotter)/(by it).
P
l
u
r
a
l

A report hasnt been written
(by us).
(by you).
(by them).
Voz pasiva: tiempos perfectos - Presente








Interrogativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Has a report been written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Has a drawing been printed
(by the
plotter)/(by it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Has a report been written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
Voz pasiva: tiempos perfectos - Presente








Interrogativo negativo
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Has a report not been written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Has a drawing not been printed
(by the
plotter)/(by it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Has a report not been written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
Voz pasiva: tiempos perfectos - Presente








Interrogativo negativo (contracciones)
S
i
n
g
u
l
a
r

Hasnt a report been written
(by me)?
(by you)?
(by her)?
(by him)?
Hasnt a drawing been printed
(by the
plotter)/(by it)?
P
l
u
r
a
l

Hasnt a report been written
(by us)?
(by you)?
(by them)?
Adjetivos posesivos
Steel is one of the most widely used engineering
materials in the world. Its preeminent position amongts
the engineering materials arises due to the abundance
and low cost of its main constituent, i.e. iron, and its
amenability to produce a wide variety of engineered
microstructures with superior properties, and
recyclability.

El acero es una de los materiales industriales ms ampliamente
utilizados en el mundo. Su posicin preeminente entre dichos
materiales surge debido a la abundancia y bajo costo de su
principal constituyente, (es decir) el hierro, y su aptitud para
producir una extensa variedad de microestructuras ideadas
(creadas) que tienen propiedades superiores y reciclabilidad.
Otros ejemplos:
The columns show little variation in their dimensions or
internal structure.

Las columnas muestran poca variacin en sus dimensiones o
estructura interna.

We are receiving many comments on the quality of our
telescope, as well as on its optical perfection.

Estamos recibiendo muchos comentarios sobre la calidad de
nuestro telescopio, as como tambin sobre su perfeccin ptica.
Adjetivos posesivos
Pronombres
sujeto
Adjetivos
posesivos
Pronombres
objetivos
I
you
she
he
it
we
you
they
my
your
her
his
its
our
your
their
me
you
her
him
it
us
you
them