Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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I. Mt s quy tc pht m ca m /i/
Pht m /i/ nhng nhm ch sau y.
1. Nhm i-
Trong nhng t mt m tit v tn cng bng mt hoc hai ph m i + ph m
Ex: big /big/ : to ln
to dig /dig/ : o ln
think /ik/ : dy, n n
thin /in/ : mng, gy

2. e c l /i/
Trong nhng tip u ng: be, de, re, ex, e, ej, em, en, pre
Ex: behave /beheiv/ : c x
decide /disaid/ : quyt nh
renew /renju:/ : i mi
exchange /iks'teind/ : trao i
eradicate /i'rdikeit/ :nh r, dit
enslave /insleiv/ : n l ha
predict /pridikt/ : tim on

3. Tip v ng v cc ch tn cng hn tp
-age passage /'psi/ : on vn, li i
-ate temperate /'temprit/ : n ha
-y industry /'indstri/ : cng nghip
-ly friendly /friendli/ : thn thin
-ey donkey /'dki/ :con la
-ive expensive /ikspensiv/ : t
-et market /ma:kit/ : ch
-let booklet /buklit/ : tp sch nh

4. Nhng ting c bit
England /'iglnd/ : nc Anh
women /wimin/ : ph n
busy /bizi/ : bn bu, nhn nhp
business /biznis/ : cng vic, vic thng mi
businessman /biznismn/ : thng gia

II. Mt s quy tc pht m ca m /i:/
Pht m l /i:/ nhng nhm ch sau y.
NG M TRONG TING ANH
(TI LIU BI GING)
Gio vin: V TH MAI PHNG
Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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1. Nhm ea(-)
Nhng t c tn cng bng ea hoc ea vi mt ph m
Ex: sea /si:/ : bin
seat /si:t/ : ch ngi
to please /pli:z/ : lm hi long
to teach /ti: t/ : dy, dy hc
peace /pi:s/ : ha bnh

* Ngoi l:
a s cc t c nhm ea(-) c /i:/, tr mt s t thng dng sau:
break /breik/ : v, lm v, gy
breakfast /breikfst/ : ba im tm
great /greit/ : v i
to measure /me/ : o lng
pleasure /ple/ : khoi lc

2. Nhm ee(-)
Nhng t c tn cng bng ee hay ee vi mt ph m hay hai ph m:
Ex: bee /bi:/ : con ong
beet /bi:t/ : c ci ng
tree /tri:/ : cy
green /gri:n/ : xanh lc, cha c kinh nghim

3. Nhm e
Mt s t thng dng:
be /bi:/ : th, l
she /i:/ : ch y, c y
we /wi:/ : chng ti, chng ta
evil /i:vl/ : xu xa
Egypt /i:dzipt/ : nc Ai Cp
secret /si:krit/ : b mt
secretive /sikri:tiv/ : t ni, kn o

4. Nhm e-e
Nhng t c mt ph m gia hai ch e
Ex: even /i:vn/ : ngay c n
evening /i:vni/ : chiu ti
complete /kmpli:t/ : hon ton

5. Nhm ie-
Nhm ie vi mt hay hai ph m
Ex: chief /ti:f/ : ngi ng u, ng sp
believe /bili:v/ : tin tng
Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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belief /bi:li:f/ : nim tin, lng tin
relieve /rili:v/ : lm nh bt au bun

6. Nhm ei-
Nhm ei vi mt hay hai ph m v ch i sau m /s/ hay ch c, s mi c l /i:/
Ex: deceive /disi:v/ : nh la, la o
receive /risi:v/ : nhn c
receipt /risi:t/ : giy bin lai

7. Nhm ese
Tip v ng ny ch quc tch
Vietnamese /vietnmmi:z/ : ngi Vit, ting Vit
Chinese /taini:z/ : ngi Trung Quc

III. Mt s quy tc pht m ca m //
1. Nhm a-
Trong nhng t c mt m tit, tn cng bng mt hay nhiu ph m.
Ex: bad /bd/ : xu, dm, km
hang /hng/ : treo, treo c ln
fan /fn/ : ci qut
map /mp/ : bn

* Ngoi l:
father /'fa:/ : cha
calm /ka:m/ : bnh tnh

2. Nhm ar(-)
Trong nhng t c mt m tit m tn cng bng r hay r + ph m hoc trong mt m tit ca mt t khi
a ng trc r + ph m
Ex: car /ka:r/ : xe hi
cart /ka:t/ : xe nga
bark /ba:k/ : sa
lark /la:k/ : chim sn ca
charm /ta:m/ : v duyn dng, quyn r

3. T c bit
clerk /kla:k/ : th k k ton
heart /ha:t/ : tim, tm hn, trung tm

IV. Mt s quy tc pht m ca m / / // /
Pht m l // trong nhng nhm ch sau:
1. Nhm u-
c l // vi nhng t c tn cng bng u vi ph m.
Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Ex: sun /sn/ : mt tri
duck /dk/ : con vt
truck /trk/ : xe ti
cup /kp/ : ci chn
hut /ht/ : tp lu

2. Nhm ou-
c l // vi nhng t nhm ou vi mt hay hai ph m:
Ex: young /j/ : tr, nh tui
rough /rf/ : x x, g gh
touch /tt/ : ng, chm, s vo
tough /tf/ : do dai, bng bnh

* Ch : Nhm ou vi ph m c vi ting c l /ou/, nhiu ting c l /au/, i khi c l /u:/.

3. Nhm o
c l // vi nhng t c mt m tit, v trong m tit c nhn mnh ca nhng t c nhiu m tit.
Ex: mother /'m/ : m
son /sn/ : con trai
nothing /'ni/ : khng g c
monkey /mki/ : con kh

4. Nhm o-e
c l // vi nhng t c nhm o-e c mt ph m gia o v e:
Ex: to come /km/ : n
dove /dv/ : chim b cu
a glove /glv/ : chic gng tay
to love /lv/ : yu

* Ch : Phn nhiu nhm o-e c l /ou/. Mt s ng t tn cng ove c /uv/.

5. Nhng t c bit
blood /bld/ : mu
flood /fld/ : nn lt, l lt
nothing /'ni/ : khng g c



Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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6. Nhng t c ch u trong cc nhm sau y u c l / /
a. ug
a rug /rg/ : ci thm
drug /drg/ : thuc

b. uck
a duck /dk/ : con vt
chuckle / tkl/ : ci khc khch

c. ust
must /mst/ : phi (tr ng t)
dust /dst/ : bi, t bi

d. un
uneasy /ni:zi/ : bt rt, bc bi
unhappy /nhpi/ : khn hnh phc, khng sung sng
unable /neibl/ : khng th, khng c kh nng

e. um
umbrella /mbrel/ : ci , ci d
umbrage /mbri/ : bng cy, bng mt
umbilicus /mbiliks/ : ci rn

f. ung:
lungs /lz/ : phi, l phi

V. Mt s quy tc pht am ca m / /
c l // trong nhng nhm ch sau y:
1. Nhm o-
c l // i vi nhng t c mt m tit, tn cng bng mt ph m v tron m tit c nhn mng ca
t c nhiu m tit.
Ex: dog /dg/ : con ch
pot /pt/ : ci ni
doctor /dkt/ : bc s
modern /mdn/ : ti tn, tn tin
voluntary /vlntri/ : tnh nguyn, t
hot /ht/ : nng
Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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* Ch : Nhm ch o- i khi c /ou/, i khi c //, nhng nhm ock bao gi cng c /k/.
a lock /lk/ : kha
oclock /klk/ : ng h

2. Nhm ong
Nhng t c tn cng bng ong:
Ex: long /l/ : di. lu
strong /str/ : mnh, m c
wrong /r/ : sai

* Ngoi l: among /m/ : trong s, trong m

3. T c bit:
gone /gn/(to go)
* Hes gone: ng ta i ri. (ng y cht.)

VI. Mt s quy tc pht m ca m / :/
Pht m l / :/ trong nhng nhm ch sau y:
1. Nhm all-
c l / :/ i vi nhng t mt m tit c tn cng bng all.
Ex: call /k:l/ : gi, ku gi
tall /t:l/ : cao, cao ro
small /s:ml/ : nh b
ball /b:l/ : qu bng

2. Nhm au-
c l /:/ trong hu ht cc t c au vi mt hay hai ph m
Ex: author /':/ : tc gi
August /:gst/ : thng tm
audience /:din/ : khn gi
daughter /d:t/ : con gi

* Ngoi l:
to laugh /la:f/ or /lf/ (Am): ci
aunt /a:nt/ of /nt/ (Am): d, c



Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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3. Nhm aw(-)
c l /:/ i vi nhng t c tn cng bng aw hay aw vi mt ph m
Ex: law /l:/ : lut php
draw /dr:/ : v
awful /:ful/ : hi hung, khng khip
lawn /l:n/ : sn c

4. Nhm wa-
c l /:/ i vi nhng t c nhm wa vi mt hoc hai ph m
Ex: wall /w:l/ : bc tng
water /w:t/ : nc
forewarn /f:w:n/ : cnh co

5. Nhm os-
c l /:/ i vi nhng t c nhm os vi ph m
Ex: cross /kr:s/ : du thp
cost /k:st/ : tn km, c gi l
loss /l:s/ : s thua l, mt mt

6. Nhm or(-)
c l /:/ i vi nhng t c nhm or vi ph m
Ex: for /f:/ : , cho, v
port /p:t/ : hi cng
report /rip:t/ : tng trnh
short /:t/(adj) : ngn, ln, thiu, sm

7. Nhm oar-
c l /:/ i vi nhng t c nhm oar hoc oar vi ph m
Ex: roar /r:/ : gm tht
board /b:d/ : tm vn, bng
coarse /k:s/(adj) : th l

8. Nhm our(-)
c l /:/ i vi nhn t c nhm our hay our vi ph m
Ex: four /f:/ : s bn
pour /p:/ : rt ra, ra, ma ro
Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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court /k:t/ : sn, ta n, triu nh
course /k:s/ : kha hc

9. Nhm oor
Ch c t t quen thuc
a door /d:/ : ca ra vo
a floor /fl:/ : sn nh, tng nh, y bin

VII. Mt s quy tc pht m ca m /u/
Pht m l /u/ trong nhng nhm ch sau:
1. Nhm ould
c l /u/ vi nhng t c nhm ould.
Ex: could /kud/ : c th
should /ud/ : nn, phi
would /wud/ : s, mun

2. Nhm oo-
c l /u/ i vi t c nhm oo vi ph m
Ex: wood /wud/ : rng, g
good /gud/ : tt, hay, khe
book /buk/ : quyn sch
a cook /kuk/ : u bp
hook /huk/ : ci mc

3. Nhm u-
c l /u/ i vi mt s t c nhm u vi mt hay hai ph m
Ex: bush /bu/ : bi cy
full /ful/ : y, no
put /put/ : , t
butcher /but / : ngi bn tht

4. Nhm o-
c l /u/ i vi nhng t c nhm o vi ph m, tuy nhim rt t t c nhm o vi ph m c l
/u/.
Ex: woman /wumn/ : ngi ph n
a wolf /wulf/ : si rng

VIII. Mt s quy tc pht m ca m /u:/
Pht m l /u:/ trong nhng nhm ch sau:
1. Nhm oo(-)
Mt s t tn cng bng oo hoc oo vi ph m:
Ex: too /tu:/ : cng, qu
Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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to woo /wu:/ : tn tnh, cu hn
food /fu:d/ : thc n
zoo /zu:/ : cng vin
choose /u:z/ : la chn
moon /tmu:n/ : mt trng

2. Nhm u-e
Mt t t c ph m chen gia u v e hay nhm ue:
Ex: shoe /u:/ : giy
rule /ru:l/ : qui tc, mc thc
clue /klu:/ : b quyt, manh mi

3. Nhm o(-)
Mt vi t thng dng tn cng bng o hay o vi ph m
Ex: to do /du:/ : lm
two /tu:/ : hai
who /hu:/ : ai
whom /hu:m/ : ai

4. Nh ew
c l /u:/ i vi nhng t c tn cng bng ew.
Ex: the crew /kru:/ : phi hnh on, nhm
screw /skru:/ : inh c
flew /flu:/ : (to fly) bay

* Ch : i khi nhm ew c l /ju:/

5. Nhm ui-
c l /u:/, rt t t c nhm ui vi ph m, c l /u:/
Ex: bruise /bru:z/ : vt thng, vt bm tm trn da
bruit / bru:t/ : tin n, ting n
fruit /fru:t/ : tri cy
juice /u:s/ : nc ct, nc tri cy

IX. Mt s quy tc pht m ca m /3:/
Pht m l /3:/ trong nhng nhm ch sau:
1. Nhm ir(-)
c l /3:/ vi nhng t c tn cng bng ir hay ir vi ph m:
Ex: shirt /3:t/ : o s mi
girl /g3:l/ : con gi
bird /b3:d/ : con chim
skirt /sk3:t/ : ci vy

Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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2. Nhm (-)er-
c l /3:/ vi nhng t i trc ph m hoc gia cc ph m
Ex: to err /3:/ : sai lm
to serve /s3:v/ : phc v
a verse /v3:s/ : mt cu

3. Nhm or-
c l /3:/ vi nhng t c nhm or i sau w v trc ph m
Ex: the world /w3:ld/ : th gii
a worm /w3:m/ : con giun, con su

4. Nhm ur(-)
c l /3:/ vi nhng t tn cng bng ur hay ur vi ph m
Ex: nurse /n3:s/ : y t
burn /b3:n/ : t chy
curse /k3:s/ : nguyn ra
surgery /s3:ri/ : khoa phu thut
Thursday /':zdi/ : th nm

5. Nhm (-)ear-
c l /3:/ vi nhng t c nhm ear v trc ph m hay chen gia cc ph m.
Ex: learn /l3:n/ : hc, nghe tin
earth /3:/ : t, Tri t
heard /h3:d/ : (to hear) nghe

* Ch : Nhm ear cui mt t c l /i/, i khi c l /eo/.

X Mt s qui tc pht m ca m //
Pht m l // trong nhng nhm ch sau:
1. c l // bn nhm tn cng khng c nhn ar, er, or v ure.
a. Nhm ar
Ex: particular /ptikjul/ : c bit
awkward / :kwd/ : kh x

b. Nhm er
Ex: worker /w3:k/ : cng nhn
teacher /ti:t/ : gio vin
dancer /de:ns/ : v cng

c. Nhm or
Ex: doctor /dkt/ : bc s
sailer /seil/ : thy th

Kha hc LTH mn Ting Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ng m trong Ting Anh

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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d. Nhm ure
Ex: temperature /temprit/ : nhit
literature /litrt/ : vn chng

* Ch : Nu c nhn nhm ar c /a:/ nu i sau ch w c /:/

2. Nhm e
c l // trong mt m tit khng c nhn mnh ca mt t
Ex: silent /sailnt/ : im lng
open /oupn/ : m ra
chicken /tikn/ : g con

3. Nhm a
c l // trong hu ht nhng m tit khng c nhn mnh ca mt t.
Ex: balance /blns/ : ci cn, s thng bng
explanation /eksplnein/: s ging ngha, gii thch
capacity /kpsiti/ : kh nng, nng lc
national /nnl/ : thuc v quc gia, c tinh cch quc gia

4. Nhm o
c l // trong mt m tit khng c nhn mnh ca mt t c nhiu m tit.
Ex: atom /tm/ : nguyn t
compare /kntroul/ : kim sot

Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng
Ngun : Hocmai.vn