250

The effects of various additives: chloride compounds (NaCl, HCl, FeCl

2
) within the con-
centrations of 0 to 2000 ppm, sulphuric acid (H
2
SO
4
) within the concentration of 0 to 12
ppm, sulphurous acid (H
2
SO
3
) within the concentration of 0 to 400 ppm, and nitric acid
(HNO
3
) within the concentration of 0 to 400 ppm on oxidative MEA degradation were:

Sodium chloride (NaCl) prevented oxidative MEA degradation by reducing oxy-
gen concentration in a solution.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H
2
SO
4
), and nitric acid (HNO
3
) essen-
tially accelerated solvent degradation by behaving as catalysts, which helped to
accelerate the degradation reactions.
Ferrous chloride (FeCl
2
) promoted solvent degradation by helping to elevate oxy-
gen to more active species, such as superoxide (O
2
-
) and hydroxyl (OH) radicals.
These reactive oxygen species (ROS) then accelerated the oxidative MEA degra-
dation.
Sulphurous acid (H
2
SO
3
) behaved as an oxygen scavenger in the concentration
range below 250 ppm, which helped to inhibit the oxidative MEA degradation.
Finally, the modified power law rate equation for the systems containing all four
additives (HCl, H
2
SO
3
, H
2
SO
4
, and HNO
3
) is illustrated as follows, and it provid-
ed an acceptable percentage of average absolute deviation (%AAD) of 9.4%.

) ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] ([ ] [ ) 05 25 . 8 (
17 . 0
3
05 . 0 2
4
02 . 0 2
3
29 . 0
3
24 . 0 37 . 0
8555
deg

NO SO SO HSO Cl H e E r
T
radation

(8.2)