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Lecture Note Macine & Drives (Power Electronic Converter)
Lecture Note Macine & Drives (Power Electronic Converter)
cos 1
2
+ = =
m
dcav
av
o
V
v v
+ = =
2
) 2 sin(
1
2
m
rms dc rms o
V
V V
v
o
Output average voltage :
rms value of Output voltage :
Waveform of single-phase, half wave AC to DC converter
1. AC to DC Converters 1. AC to DC Converters
- Single phase, Full wave AC to DC converter
The average output
voltage can be found
from :
1. AC to DC Converters 1. AC to DC Converters (cont) (cont)
- Single phase, Full wave AC to DC converter
1. AC to DC Converters 1. AC to DC Converters
- Three-phase, Half wave AC to DC converter
If the phase voltage is : v
an
= V
m
sin the
average output voltage for a continuous
load current is :
1. AC to DC Converters 1. AC to DC Converters (cont) (cont)
- Three-phase, Half wave AC to DC converter
1. AC to DC Converters 1. AC to DC Converters (cont) (cont)
- Three-phase, Full Wave AC to DC converter
2. DC-DC CONVERTER (DC Chopper)
In many industrial application , DC-DC converter
is required to convert a fixed-voltage DC source
into a variable-voltage DC source. Like a
transformer, DC-DC converter can be used to
step down or step up a DC voltage source.
Application :
Traction motor control in electric automobiles, trolley cars,
marine hoists, forklift trucks, mine haulers, etc
Advantages :
High Efficiency and fast dynamic response
Principle Of Step-Down Operation
When the switch SW is closed for a time t
1
, the input voltage V
s
appears
across the load V
o
= V
s
. If the switch remains off a time t
2
, the voltage across
the load is zero, V
o
= 0.
The converter switch SW can be implemented by using Transistor,
MOSFET, GTO, IGBT, BJ T, etc.
2. DC-DC CONVERTER (DC Chopper)
The average output voltage is given by :
= = = =
1
0
1
1
1
t
S S S o o
V k V t f V
T
t
dt v
T
V
R
V
k
R
V
I
S o
o
= =
s
t
o
o rms o
V k dt v
T
V =
=
2 / 1
2
1
1
= =
= = =
kT t
o
S o
kT t
o
o i
R
V
k dt
R
v
T
dt i v
T
P
1 1 2 2
1 1
The average output current is given by :
The average output voltage is given by :
The input power :
Where : T is the chopping period
k = t
1
/T is the duty cycle
f = 1/T is chopping
frequency
STEP
STEP
-
-
UP DC to DC CONVERTER
UP DC to DC CONVERTER
When switch SW is closed for t
1
, the inductor current rises and energy is
stored in the inductor L. If the switch SW is opened for time t
2
, the
energy stored in the inductor is transferred to load through diode D
1
and
the inductor current falls.
When this DC to DC converter is turned on switch SW is closed,
the voltage across the inductor L is :
And this gives the peak-to-peak ripple current in inductor as :
The average output voltage is :