Introduction to Unit 16 & 22

Lumiere Brothers
Auguste & Louis Lumiere were credited to be
the first filmmakers in history. They were both
born in 1860s in Besanon, France. They
both worked for their father in a photographic
firm.
The first film they made was called LArroseur
Arros, they showed ten short films
throughout their carrier that were 20 minutes
long in total.
After becoming well known for their films,
they toured around the world showing their
cinmatographe, visiting London, New York,
Brussels, Paris, Montreal, Bombay and
Buenos Aires.
Eadward Muybridge
Eadward Muybridge was an English
photographer who introduced photographic
studies of motion. He was born in Kingston-
On-Thames on April 9
th
1830.
He immigrated to San Francisco at the age of
25 in 1855, He started his carrier as a
publishers agent for a London printing &
publishing company.
He created one of the first animation, the
animation was called Galloping Horse which
contained 16 frames.









Praxinoscope
Praxinoscope is an animation device invented in France in 1877. The
Praxinoscope was created by Charles-mile Reynaud












Magic Lantern
The Magic Lantern was a device made in the 17
th
century which was for
projecting images for educational and entertainment purposes.
The device was claimed by many to be their own creation but Christiaan
Huygens was the mainly known for using the device in the late 1650s. The
device was used mainly for showing monstrous images such as devils and
ghosts because of the lantern which created a good lighting.







Kuleshov Effect
The Kuleshov Effect was a film editing montage that featured 2 sequential
shots than from a single shot in isolation.
The Kuleshov Effect was founded by Russian Filmmaker Lev Kuleshov.
The shots featured in the montage was a plate of soup, a girl in a coffin and
a woman on a divan, which were edited with facial expressions by Ivan
Mosjoukine







Example of poor continuity editing
When the camera has passed the 180 degree mark, it is considered to be a
poor continuity error.










The First Photograph Taken
The First Photograph taken was by Joseph Nicphore Nipce in 1826 from a
window at Le Gras.