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Monaco has been closely linked to France since 1918, when a treaty made between

the two countries formalized France's commitment to defend Monaco and respect
its sovereignty "so long as it is exercised in conformity with the political, military,
naval, and economic interests of France." During his reign, Prince Rainier has
negotiated two additional treaties of significance (in 1954 and 1963) with France,
updating but not fundamentally altering this relationship. France may station troops
in Monaco and make use of Monaco's territorial waters because of the customs union
arranged with France.
Monaco is closely associated with the economic apparatus of the European Union
(EU) through its customs union with France and its reliance on the euro (previously
the French franc) as official currency.
Monaco sends ambassadors to the Vatican, Paris, and a few European capitals.
France finally allowed Monaco to join the United Nations (UN) in 1993.
The principality is a member of the UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) and other affiliated UN organizations. It also participates in
the Conference for European Security and Cooperation. Several international
organizations have their headquarters in Monaco, including the International
Commission for the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea, the
International Hydrographic Bureau, and the International Commission for LegalMedical Problems. It is also the seat for the International Academy of Tourism,
founded in 1951 by Prince Rainier III.

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