1.

Calculations

8.1 Determination of the Ka value of weak acid by titration with NaOH

Using unknown acid 2,

Titration 1
Equivalence point

: 4.00 mL

Half equivalence point

: 2.00 mL

pH corresponding to half equivalence point

:4

pKa = pH = 4
Based on equation,
pKa

= - log (Ka)

Ka

= 10-pKa
= 1 x 10-4

Molarity of unknown acid

(M1)(V1) = (M2)(V2)
(0.1)(4.0) = (M2)(10)
M2 = 0.04 M
Titration 2
Equivalence point

: 3.0 mL

Half equivalence point

: 1.5mL

pH corresponding to half equivalence point

:4

pKa = pH = 4
Based on equation,
pKa

= - log (Ka)

Ka

= 10-pKa
= 1 x 10-4

Molarity of unknown acid

(M1)(V1) = (M2)(V2)
(0.1)(4.0) = (M2)(10)
M2 = 0.04 M

Average Ka value of unknown acid

(1 x 10-4 ) + (1 x 10-4 )
2

= 1 x 10-4

Average molarity of unknown acid:

0.04 M + 0.04 M = 0.04 M
2
Error calculation of Ka value of unknown acid:
(1.77 x 10 -4 ) 1 x 10-4

x 100 = 43.50 %

(1.77 x 10 -4 )

Unknown acid : formic acid

1.2 Determination of the Ka from the initial concentration and pH of weak acid
solution

Using unknown acid II

pH of unknown acid

H3O+ = 10-pH

: 5.38

= 10-5.38
x = 4.169 x 10-6 M
0.4 - 4.169 x 10-6 M = 0.3999 M
HA

H2O

H3O+

A-

Components

HA

H3O+

A-

Initial

0.04 M

0.4 x

+ x

+ x

0.3999 M

4.169 x 10-6 M

4.169 x 10-6 M

concentration
Change in
concentration
Concentration
at Equilibrium

H3Oaq A aq

Ka =
HA aq

Ka = [4.169 x 10-6 M ][ 4.169 x 10-6 M ]

0.3999 M
Ka = 4.346 x 10-11

Trial 2
pH of unknown acid

: 5.45

H3O+ = 10-pH
= 10-5.45
X = 3.548 x 10-6 M
0.4 - 3.548 x 10-6 M

= 0.3999 M

HA

H2O

H3O+

A-

Components

HA

H3O+

A-

Initial

0.04 M

0.4 x

+ x

+ x

0.3999 M

3.548 x 10-6 M

3.548 x 10-6 M

concentration
Change in
concentration
Concentration
at Equilibrium

H3Oaq A aq

Ka =
HA aq

Ka = [3.548 x 10-6 M][ 3.548 x 10-6 M]

0.3999 M
Ka = 3.148 x 10-11

Average Ka of unknown acid :

(3.148 x 10-11) + (4.346 x 10-11)

= 3.747 10-11