4] Model calculations of Sag-Tensions for 400K lines with ACSR Moose conductor with a span of 400 meters. Power Conductor (A) = 597mm? . =5.97em* Overall diameter (D) = 31.7mm_— = 0.03177m Mass (M) = 2004Kg/km = 16438 Kgs. Ultimate Tensile Strength (Breaking load) (U) = 161.2KN = 16438 Kgs Modulus of Elasticity‘E” = 0.7036 x 10° Kgs/em* Co-efficient of Linear expansion ( © )= 19.30 X 10° per degree C. Span (Normal span) L= 400 m ‘The formula to workout Sag tensions Derived Constants: f?(f-(k-(e po? ? £7(f-k-€ oes E| a k= (1-2& 2£ at joerg - 24 fi G- M= 2.004 = 0.3356783 Kg/em” A 5.970 (eAts) = 0.7036 X 10° X193 X 10° X 5 = 67.8974 (ety) = 0.7036 X 10° X 19.3 X 10° X 32 = 434.54336 (eo tss) = 0.7036 X 10° X19.3 X 10° X 53 = 719.71244 (eK ts) = 0.7036 X 10° X193 X 10* X 75 = 1018-461 Ct & E] = 490? X (0.356783)? X 0.7036 X 10° =528.54424 X 10° 24 [ee = (400 X 0.3356783) / 8 = 67135678 8(@ Starting condition for conductor sag tension is at 32° C & Nil wind ‘The starting tension has to be fixed as 22% of ultimate tensile strength of conductor. ie. Tension Ts2/0 = 16438 X0.22 = 3616.36 Say 3616 Kgs. Sires in Conductor fy = Tad “Hig = easensie Kgs/om? Sag S20 = FSq = 67135678 = 11.0840871M 8f 605.69514 Now as per the above calculations. Sag at 32° Cand Nil wind(S3/0) = 11.084M Tension at 32° C and Nil wind (T3y/0) = 3616 Kgs. To Workout Constant “K” PuttingfyO = P82 Ea = P +ece ta: 24f; = 605.69514 - (528.5424 zug (ae + 434.54336 (605.69514) ‘Therefore K (-) 400.46019 (2) Sag.and Tensions at 5°C and Nil Wind: fs th «-Baw-(Pate ais fs [fs -( 400;46019 67.8974) ) =528.54424 X 10° ~ Bs [f+ 468.35759] = 528.54424 X 10° Solving the Cube quation with Various iteration values for fs Fs= 678.78468 Kgsiem? Femsion -@PJ0= 282 q' = 6713.5678_ = 98905706 m Sagelo 8h 678.78468 FBS 16> <. Tension at S°C. & Nil wind = 4052.3445 Kgs. Sag at 5°C_& Nil wind = 96905708) m +8413) “ sae ss [f5s~ (K-E a tss))= tgeae £53 [fs3 - (- 400.46019 — 719.7124 ) ] =528.54424 X 10° fs5 [fs3+ 1120.1726] = 528.54424 X 10° ss 560.74726 Kgs/cm? Tension -. Tss/0= Fs) X A= 560.74726 X 5.97 = 3347,6611 Kgs. Sag Ss/0= PSq = 67135678 = 1972538m / 8fs5 560.74726 ‘Sag and Tensions at 75°C and Nil Wind: fs (fs-(K-Bats) = Peg? Ps [ fis (- 400.46019 — soles) ] =528.54424 X 10° rs [fs + 1418.9212 ] = 528.5424 x 10° fps = 521.85828 Kgs/em? * Tension +. Trs/0 = (521.85828 X5.97) = 3115.4939 Sag Srs/O= 6713.5678_ = 12.8647 m _~ 521.85828 *. Tension at 75°C & Nil wind =3115 Kgs. ~ Sag at 75°C & Nilwind= 12.865 m ‘maximum expected temperature ie. is sum of ambient and temperature rise due to ing current it : ‘After arriving the maximum sag of conductor, which is the worst sag can be experienced by ACSR moose conductor with a span of 400 metres, the tower height has to be fixed with the following additional parameters.Considering a 400KV Double cireut line with vertical configuration, the height of the tower shall be worked out as follows = 1) Eixingheisht of! from Ground level: 2) Maximum sag of conductor at maximum temperature and nil wing i.e. 75° C= 12.865 metres. b) Minimum ground clearance required for 400K line i.e. 8.84 metres. ©) Sagerror = 150 mm= .15 metress. Length of Insulator string and hanger = 4.15 +02 ‘Tower height upto bottom cross arm level. = 12,865 +8.84 +015 +4.15 +0.2 =26.205 metres. 2) Considering vertical separation between phase to phase as 8.0 metres. This may be varied based on tower geometry fixed while designing tower. . Bottom Conductor to middle conductor = 8.0m Middle Conductor to top conductor = 8.0m ‘To_workout the average height of conductor. ‘Average height of conductot/ Groundwire shall be taken upto clamping point of top conductor/ Groundwire on tower (-) 2/3 of sag to 5°C temp & nil wind as per 1S - 802 — part — I Section -I- 1995. _ :. Average height of conductor = 33.406 m :. Height of clamping point of top conductor from ground level = | 26.205 +8 + 8—4.25 ( Insulators length with hanger) = 37.95 or Say 40 metres ‘Sag at minimum temperature 5 °C nil wind = 9.8905 m 23" of sag at 5° C nil wind = 6.594 m Considering reliability level —1, terrain category 1 and basic wind speed as per zone-3, . Va = 1s Vi Ko = 44 = 32mis. 1375 - Ve (Design wind speed after accounting for risk and terrain category factors (K2)) Ve= VRX Ki XK = 32X10 X1.08 =34.56 m/s.Design wind pressure = Py = 0.6 XV¥= 717 Nim?=73.14Kg/m?> _~ Drag co-efficient on conductors to be taken as 1. Gust factor as per table of IS — 802-1995 is 2.2. wind pressure on Conductor = — 1578N/m Or = 16lkg/m? ~ Wind Loadirig factors on Conductor: ‘Wind pressure on Conductor= 161 kg/m? Dia of Conductor = 0.03177m Wind load on Conductor With 36% of full wind (wp1) wpr 0.36 x Px D=0.36 x 161 x 0.03177 = 1.8413 With 100% of full wind wp2 Wp= 1 x Px D=5.11497 36% wind factor (loading) factor at minimum temperature = = 1+ (ey = 1.35804 M 100% wind factor with Every day 32°C temperature = q3 o= \it cy = 2.741285 After arriving the wind pressure on Conductor and loading factors on Conductor ‘with 36% of full wind and 100% of full wind, the sag Tensions at 32 °C and 100% full wind and 5° C and 36% of full wind are work out below: ‘Sag and Tensions at 36% of full wind and minimum temperature (5 ° C). fs [f-(K-Eats)}@ P&eE@) 24 BP. Te 4 468 267501=598 $4494 x 10° x (1.3520402)2fs = 857.46067 kgs/m? Ts (36% fs x A = 857. 46067 x 5.97= 519.0402 kgs ie= 31.14% of Uts hence ok Deflected sax: $5/36%/(D) = FS. (ax) 8 = 6713.5678 x 13580493 =10.632973 m 857.46067 ~ - Deflected angle = tan’ (wp) = L8413 = 42.578° M ~— 2.004 85 / 36% vertical = 10.632973 x Cos 42.578564 = 7.8295925 M Fe (6) Sag and Tensions at 100% full wind and 32° C Every day Temperature: fo ?[fo- (K- Ea tzz)] = (628.54424 x 10°) (2.7412853)? fq = 1348.659 kgs/m? Trp / 100% = 1348.658 x 5.97 = 8051.4942 kes = 48.98% of Uts ok. Deflected sag Ss2/ 100% (4) = 6713.5678 x 2.7412853 = 13.646003. 1348.659 @=tan! (WP) =O =tan! 511497 = 68.605193° M - 2.004 Vertical sag S 32/ 100% (V) = 13.646003 x Cos 68.605193° = 4.977958m Sag & Tensions on Groundwire in different temperatures and in wind Conditions may be worked out similarly as in case of Conductor. However height of Groundwire, wind on Groundwire and loading factors are here below given for guidance. Height of top Conductor claiming point = 40m = * Mid span clearance = 9.0m eat = 490MSag in Groundwire at 5° C Nil wind i. € 90% of Conductor sag = 8.902M 2"* Groundwire sag = 5.935 Average height of GW = 49- 5.935 = 43M G. W drag Co-efficient may be Taken as 1.2 Gust ref from Table of IS-802-1995 is = 2.28 Design wind pressure = 717 N/m? Wind pressure on G.W = 1965 Nin? Say = 200 kg/m?