Professional Documents
Culture Documents
mutually exclusive:
Petty and Grand corruption
-Petty Corruption:
Practiced on a smaller scale. Defined as the use of public office for private benefit in the course
of delivering a pubic service. Usually involves relatively small amounts of money, including
bribery (grease money or speed payments) The public servant abuses his/her position by
accepting a benefit for what is a routine transaction or approval. The direct victim of this abuse
of power is the citizen.
-Grand Corruption:
The most dangerous and covert type of corruption. Instances where policy making, its design
and implementation are compromised by corrupt practices. Found where public officers in high
positions (such as councilors), in the process of making decisions of significant economic value,
routinely demand bribes or kickbacks for ensuring that tenders or contracts are awarded to
specific contractors. Occurs at financial, political and administrative centres of power.
voting irregularities
rule of a few