Ca'S Lifestyle: Hafiz Muhammad Adnan Rana

CA’S LIFESTYLE
…….……..balance the demands for study, professional work and family life
RESEARCHED AND WRITTEN

BY
Hafiz Muhammad Adnan Rana
B. COM, CA(Intermediate)
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..................balance the demands for study, professional work and family life
PREFACE
Bismillah-ir-Rahman-ur-Raheem, first of all I want to thank

Almighty Allah(without his blessing none of this would have been
possible)and with everything he has blessed me.
A special message to my Mom, I love you and proud to be your

son, I know you must be smiling up there somewhere, I thank you for giving me life. A
special thank to my Dad, without his support and courage I would not have made it so
far, he was the strength behind me and gave me the study environment and whatever I
needed. I would also like to thank my Uncle Mr. Gulam Nabi Rana, Finance Director,
NHA and my grand parents who had all the faith in the world in me, they are my staunch
supporter and also my greatest critics.
This book is dedicated to my parents, brothers and friends including Asif, Atif, Bilal
Yosuf, Ubaidullah Javed and Vicky who have always been a source of inspiration
throughout my life, and to all my teachers including Mr. Khalil Ahmed(GCTI, Sialkot)
and Mr. Mohammad Hanif(CFMS, Islamabad), who gave me the knowledge and
understanding about study and examination techniques.
As there can be no triumph without loss, no victory without suffering and no freedom
without sacrifice, the decision to complete this work early at my Intermediate stage of
study SHAKE my career in the form of referrals, but nothing good than to leave
something that way for whom who suffer due to lack of balance in their life after
choosing CA. It was my personal experience and observation that the students were
facing great deal of difficulties in passing exams of ICAP even after studying 18 hours a
day. So I have TARGETED the areas where these and majority of the students lack.
I am always available in relation to any suggestions or queries regarding this book or any
other issue relating to this subject. May Allah bless you all and bless Pakistan with
happiness and peace, and make us proud in the field of Chartered Accountancy, Amen!
(Hafiz Muhammad Adnan Rana)

E-mail: hmad9rana@hotmail/yahoo.com Web Site: www.hmad9rana.20m.com
Phone: 0300-5506483, 0300-5170473, 0432-293768
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CONTENTS
1. STEPS TOWARDS CA
1.1 The Accountancy Profession 04
1.2 Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan (ICAP) 05
1.3 Toughness of Chartered Accountancy 09
2. THOROUGH STUDY
2.1 Face to face study (Monday to Friday) 13
2.2 Repetition (Week end) 16
2.3 Sound Sleep (Daily) 22
3. SCHOOLING
3.1 Why teachers and textbooks are unclear 24
3.2 What it takes to be a great student 25
4. REVISION
4.1 Correct method of revision 27
4.2 Examiner’s comments 29
4.3 Marking scheme 31
4.4 Presentation Rules 38
5. EXAMINATION TECHNIQUES
5.1 The aim of exam 42
5.2 The scope of exam 43
5.3 The day before the exam 44
5.4 Well before the exam 45
5.5 In the exam room 45
5.6 After the examination 48
6. REFERRELS AND ARTICLESHIP
6.1 Living with Referrals 49
6.2 Article ship 54
6.3 Resume and Cover letter 55
6.4 Interview and Test 59
6.5 Training and Module-E & F 66
7. CAREER PLANNING
7.1 How to make yourself promotable 75
7.2 The worst career limiting moves 75
7.3 Soft wares for CA’s 76
7.4 Career planning 79
8. FAMILY AND YOU
8.1 Marriage MYTHS and Strong Families 81
8.2 Dining Etiquette 83
8.3 Today’s Kids 90
8.4 Health vs. Death 95
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CA’s Lifestyle 4
1. STEPS TOWARDS CA
1.1 THE ACCOUNTANCY PROFESSION IN PAKISTAN
The Accountancy Profession in Pakistan is, like in most other countries of the world, split
into two streams, namely, the profession of Chartered Accountancy (CA) and the
Profession of Cost and Management Accountants (ICMA).
The Chartered Accountancy Profession provides the accountants, auditors, finance and
business managers for the financial, commercial and industrial sectors, financial, business
and investment consultants and taxation advisors. In accordance with the annual report
of ICAP for the year June 30, 2002, there are 3036 Chartered Accountants who are the
members of the Institutes of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan; the professions
regulatory body was created in 1961. It would not be incorrect to state that it is
recognized the premier body of the Accountancy Profession in Pakistan.
The Cost Accountancy Profession primarily provides Cost Accountants for employment
in Government, business and industry. There are about 1800 qualified Cost accountants
in Pakistan who are members of Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of
Pakistan, a regulatory body set up by the Government in 1966 by re-naming the Institute
of Industrial Accountants of Pakistan, which was set up in 1951 by the Government of
Pakistan.
Last but not the least the profession of Chartered Accountancy is considered, the world
over, as a specialized, highly skilled professional qualification in the world of business,
finance and public practice. The competent professional, governed by a strict code of
ethics(syllabus at professional level)and professional behavior(governed by ATR)is
required to maintain standards of quality work, comply with international standards of
Accounting and Auditing and the Pakistan Corporate and other laws(Tax).
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CA’s Lifestyle 5
1.2 THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF PAKISTAN

ICAP came into existence in 1961 with the objective of “Making provisions for the
regulation of the professional accountants.” The ICAP mission Statement, currently
under revision, reads as follows:
“To continue to promote high professional and ethical standards and to equip the
students and members with the disguised knowledge and training required to face the
challenges of the 21st century”
In order to achieve the aforesaid missions and objectives the salient features of the
various policies and practices currently in place are as follows:
 Education and training
 Quality Control Review
 Investigation and Disciplinary Matters
 Professional and Technical Standards
 Corporate Governance
Please consult web-site of the institute for details of above topics.
Stream of entry to Become A Chartered Accountant
ICAP currently has four streams of entry for students desirous of enrolling with it and
taking the ICAP examinations with the objective of becoming a Chartered Accountant as
detailed at next page:
Students must be consciously aware of their learning objective(knowledge gained

through theoretical studies is for the purpose of applying it to practical situations
requiring decision-making based on comprehensive analysis with alternative, feasible
solutions) right from the start of their professional studies at the Foundation level.
A qualified Chartered Accountant is required to possess a high level of competency in

managerial, decision making, problem solving and effective communication and
analytical skills. One thing that need to be clear at this stage is learning by CRAMMING
and re-production of exact material in examination will not make you a competent
professional.
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CA’s Lifestyle 6
STREAM EDUCATIONAL ICAP TEST/EXAM PERIOD OF ELIGIBILITY
OF ENTRY BACKGROUND (Before TRAINING PERIOD(For
commencement of Examination
training) during Training)
MFC Scheme Higher Secondary 1. PPT 4 Years Module E(18
School/A level 2. Foundation months after
3. Intermediate registration)
Examinations -------------------------
Module F(In the last
year of Training)
Private Graduates 2nd Same as above Same as Above Same as above
Graduate Division
Scheme
Direct Graduate 1st Module-A(6 months
Graduate Division(PPT after registration)
Trainee Exempt) -------------------------
Scheme ------------ 5 Years Module-B(12
Graduate 2nd months after
Division(PPT registration)
passed) -------------------------
Module-C(18
months after
registration)
-------------------------
Module-D(24
months after
registration)
-------------------------
Module-E(36months
after registration)
-------------------------
Module-F(in the last
year of training)
Post Graduate Masters(MA, Modules-A & B
Trainee MBA etc) together(6 months
Scheme minimum 2nd -------------- 4 Years after registration)
Division -------------------------
Module-C(12months
after registration)
-------------------------
Module-D(18
months after
registration)
-------------------------
Module-E(30months
after registration)
-------------------------
Module-F(in the last
year of training)
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CA’s Lifestyle 7
Recognition of the CA qualification of and by overseas bodies
ICAP recognizes the CA qualifications awarded by the following overseas accounting
bodies:
i) The Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia(www.ica.au)

ii) The Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants(www.cica.ca)
iii) The Institute of Chartered Accountants of England and Wales(www.icaew.uk)
iv) The Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland(www.ica.ir)
v) The Institute of Chartered Accountants in Scotland(www.ica.sc)
Provided that if such members desire to start practice as CA in Pakistan they will be
required to sit and pass the papers of (1) Advance Taxation,
(2)Corporate Laws of the professional examinations of ICAP.
As per the directive of University Grant Commission(UGC), After qualifying

intermediate stage of CA, the student should be consider a Graduate and after qualifying
complete CA, he/she should be consider Master degree holder in Pakistan.
What is CPE?
Continuing Professional Education(CPE) is ONLY for qualified Chartered Accountants.

The International Accounting and Auditing Standards, which form the basis for the
accounting and auditing framework in Pakistan, require a thorough understanding for the
purpose of implementation by the Accountants. They for the cornerstone of CPE
programs which is structured in nature, mandatory in arms of attendance as lay down in
IEG-19, but not punitive in nature as yet. Seminars and Workshops are held regularly at
all major centers throughout Pakistan as mentioned in Newsletter of the Institute.
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CA’s Lifestyle 8
ICAP OFFICES AND INFORMATION CENTRES
CITY ADRESS PHONE # E-MAIL
Karachi The Institute of 9251636—39 Education@icap.org.pk
Chartered (Code-021) Info@icap.org.pk
Accountants of Examinations@icap.org.pk
Pakistan, Chartered
Accountants
Avenue, Clifton.
Lahore The Institute of 5414486 & Icapa@brain.net.pk

Chartered 5423623
Accountants of (Code-042)
Pakistan, ICAP
Building, 156-157
West Wood Colony,
Thokar Niaz Baig,
Raiwind Road.
Islamabad The Institute of 9266281 icapibd@apollo.net.pk

Chartered (Code-051)
Accountants of
Pakistan, ICAP
Building, G-10/4,
Mauve Area
Faisalabad Mr. Hamid Masood, 618255 & 619706 ----------------------------

138-140, Regency
Arcade, The Mall,
Multan Mr. Talat Javed 2nd 511979 ----------------------------
Floor, 6- (Code-061)
Commercial Plaza,
Opp Civil Hospital,
Abdali Road,
Peshawar Mr. Muhammad 273007—8 saco@pes.comsats.pk
Ahmed Shahid 2nd (Code- 091)
Floor Islamia Road,
Peshawar Cantt,
Information Centre, 273306 & 277306 RBCO@psh@brain.net.pk

Rafaqat Ullah Babar
& Co, Green Hotel
Building,
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CA’s Lifestyle 9
1.3 TOUGHNESS OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANCY
Ranking CA as difficult, demanding, stressful, book worming, and even cramming

chunks of syllabus material is common in inconsistent people around us. If we took a
broader view, we will certainly find that there are problems with every profession. Be it
medical, law or engineering, every one will be complaining about toughness of his life.
Every one may tell you his dissatisfaction about the profession chosen, job and life style.
However, it is because life is becoming demanding and perfection is expected from every
one in such a competitive world. One way to be stay ahead is to cultivate positive mental
attitude, detailed below, about the profession selected and the life as a whole:
POSITIVE MENTAL ATTITUDE

We are expected to be accurate, reliable, effective and efficient in all functions related
with our profession. Foundation, article-ship and even after that level of
RESPONSIBILITY is always rising. How can we manage all such pressure, stress and
trauma associated with the work? How can we ensure that life is poised, calm and
soothing inspire of all EXAM tensions, stress and nervous breakdown? Is it possible to
live calmly whatever the situation may be?
There is only one ANSWER to be at peace with oneself and that is a ‘Positive Mental
Attitude’ (PMA) approach. How can we adopt such an approach, which may help us to
cultivate a PMA and reap its effect in our every day life? A ten-step formula for
developing and maintaining PMA is suggested:
STEP 1: TAKE POSSESSION OF YOUR MIND WITH CONVICTION

God has gifted us with an instinct because of which we can think and this is our mind [ it
is suggested by many scientist that our mind is a complex machine which works even
when we may not want it to work i.e. you may be thinking even when you don’t want to
thing anything!!!]
By putting this in practice make a chart of things (see below) and hang it at some place
where one can see it as first thing in the morning:
 I believe my mind is my own
 I believe I can take possession of m own mind
 I believe I can direct and control my emotions, moods, feelings, intellect,
tendencies, attitudes, passions and habits with the intentions of developing PMA
 I will develop a positive mental attitude.
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CA’s Lifestyle 10
STEP 2: KEEP YOU MIND ON THE THINGS YOU WANT

After taking charge of your mind, visualize what you want to be. We often hear about
‘vision statements’—what are these? Simply, what do you want to be after 6 years or so?
Thinking visually may seem difficult at first. Here is a practical guide which may help
you think visually:
 Make a list of 3 things you want in life.(1)studying on daily basis, (2)improved
relationship with parents, and (3)material possession you would like to have, say
A Baleno!!!
 Consider each of these (above). Think of a way to show them visually. Look
through magazines or newspapers for pictures whack may help you in visualizing.
Put these pictures where you will see them every day.
STEP 3: LIVE THE GOLDEN RULE

Think of 3 things for a moment: What do I want others to do for me? (1) Be
sympathetic, (2) talk politely, and (3) give me favors etc. Now ask yourself: Am I doing
these things to others? By visualizing these too!
STEP 4: ELIMINATE ALL NEGATIVE THOUGH

Old habits die hard. People think negative when:
 1. Your are feeling sorry for yourself as one of your desire hasn’t come true
 2. Your are passing judgment or blaming a person situation or environment.
 Your ego has been hurt and your pride has been damaged
 You are being selfish about your self, someone or some body
Write the negative thoughts on a small checklist in your pocket, wallet or bag, which you
don’t want to think. Look at this at the start f each day and ask yourself: Am I still
thinking about such thoughts I refuse to let inside me?
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CA’s Lifestyle 11
STEP 5: BE HAPPY AND MAKE OTHERS HAPPY TOO

To be happy, act happy!!! Solve your CONFLICTS as early as possible you can.
Write two simple rules down on an index card and carry this card with you:
 The best outcome that could happen to my challenge Of might be
 This could happy. After all its very possible that Could happen
STEP 6: FORM A HABIT OF TOLERANCE

Generally people become angry when they don’t get what they have expected from other
people. The only solution of not becoming angry is to keep an open mind towards people
and try to like and accept people just as they are instead of demanding or wishing that thy
be as you want them to be.
Think of one person you have trouble accepting and write that persons’ name. Now ask
yourself, if I did accept that person just as he is how would I he has? What would I
actually do? Visualize your answer in concrete terms. Then do it.
STEP 7: GIVE YOURSELF POSITIVE SUGGESTIONS

“We become what we think most of the time” it follow a process of Suggestions which
means any stimulus sent to our brains through our five senses(hearing, smelling, feeling,
tasting, seeing). All of these are pathways by which external elements influence us in our
every day lives. Self-suggestion is the process of purposely and deliberately offering
stimuli to you in the form of five senses. Look of the good in whatever you see, hear,
taste, smell or feel. Auto-suggestion is the transmission and communication of
information stored in the subconscious mind asks to our conscious mind. This
information returns to us in form of ideas, dreams, feelings and thoughts. Thus, if we
FEED our mind with good, we will come with good ideas.
STEP 8: USE YOUR POWER OF PRAYER

If we firmly in God, we must pray, as directed by our religion. When you pray, have
faith and believe in that which you ask for. God knows what is better for us and at what
time should we be given the thing, which we are asking. Take an example of a small
toddler who wants to play with fire, if his mother stops him from going near fire, it is not
an act of an enemy but an act of one who wants to protect her child from dangers of fire.
 So pray and leave the results on him
 Believing that Almighty is hearing whatever we say to him and he really loves
us wants bus for us will certainly help us a great deal.
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CA’s Lifestyle 12
STEP 9: SET GOALS

Setting goals is one way to keep your mind ON the things you want and OFF the things
you don’t want.
D-E-S-I-R-E is the method to write your goals on sheet of paper, which could be use to
set and achieve the goals you choose. Success is achieved by those who try.
DESIRE—Determine (What do you want?), Evaluate (What will you give in turn?), Set a
date (When will you have what you want), Identity a plan (What will you do at once?),
Repeat Each Day! (In morning and evening read your written statements aloud.
STEP 10: STUDY, THINK AND PLAN DAILY

For achieving this step and applying it, it is suggested that:
 Think about your goal-with PMA
 Inspect your attitudes-with PMA
 Inspect your actions and your thinking-with PMA
 Read inspirational, self-help action material, even if it is only a paragraph, page
or chapter-with PMA
 Take time to study, to think and to plan-with PMA
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CA’s Lifestyle 13
2. THOROUGH STUDY
2.1 FACE TO FACE STUDY
Study means more than just reading a piece of literature. It means close concentrated
reading with a notebook at your side. Unless you are one of a few people do not kid
yourself you can absorb material by one general read through it, you cannot! There is no
special trick to studying. All that is needed is the application of the general principles to
be followed in studying anything, which may be summarizing as:
Know what you need to know

Make sure you know exactly what is in your syllabus. Obtain syllabus booklet from
ICAP office or visit web-site of institute. The syllabus of studies prescribed by ICAP
covers 90% of the benchmark global syllabus designed by Inter-Governmental Working
Group of Experts on International Standards f Accounting and Reporting and UNCTAD
as well as the requirements laid sown in International Education Guidelines 9 and 11 of
the International Federation of Accountants.
All in all it is essential to get past examination papers to give you an idea of the depth of
study required.
Plan your work

Map out a plan for yourself; set targets and achieve them. One thing is certain, studying
is not easy but it is not too difficult if you go about it in an orderly purposeful way.
Many students fail their examination through bad preparation. Try fixing specific times
for each subject, then keep to them by refusing to let anything keep you from your
planned task.
If you are studying part-time you may be able to spend, say, 12 hours per week. As a
rough guide you may think in terms of 150 hours of study per subject in professional
examinations. This includes time for practice questions but not for pre-examination
revision. That means it is going to take most part-time students the best part of a year to
prepare for each sitting: certainly the time from announcement of results to the next
examination but one.
If you are attending a RAET (Registered Accountancy Education Training), the course
structure and college time table will provide your overall plan, but you must still back up
the lecture sessions with reading, consolidation and practice questions. Do not expect
mere course attendance to provide all you need for the examination.
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CA’s Lifestyle 14
Most people find it productive to break a three-hour study session into fairly short periods
of, say, one hour. Build in short breaks for coffee, tea or prayer. As well as varying your
study topics, vary your study methods during a session. For example you switch from
reading about one topic to answering questions on another.
Make use of travel time for reading if you can. This is time that otherwise may be
completely wasted. Every few weeks build in some revision sessions to go over material
studies so far in conjunction with your notes.
Make your reading effective

Have you ever read a page from a book and then suddenly realized that you do not have
the faintest idea what it was about? The eyes go through motions of reading but the brain
is busy thinking of something else.
Effective reading means absorbing the material and being able to use later. Several
features of this booklet are there to help these processes:
 Each chapter concludes with a paragraph of summary its contents. Read this
before you read the chapter as well as at the end. This gives you an overview of
the material to be studied before you begin.
 Read the chapter again slowly, making orderly notes as you go.
 Read the chapter summary again.
 At the end of each chapter there is a set of progress questions. They are there to
enable you to test yourself. Rework them at intervals.
 Read a small area, making notes as you go along. Then ask yourself-what have I
just learnt?
Abilities require for effective reading

Once convinced of your following abilities, you will WIN over the examiner to be on
your side and if you do not possess any or all, never mind, all you need to do is to acquire
these abilities.
Comprehension is an ability to understand chunk of data/information or opinion and

ability to infer meaning out of it.
Classification is an ability to highlight salient points/issues for a particular purpose.
Analysis is an ability to evaluate material for distinguishing essentials and non-essentials.
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CA’s Lifestyle 15
Evaluation is ability to weight information and opinion.
Selection is ability most important issue and salient points are selected.
Objectivity is an ability to work in a manner that personal opinion does not intrude it.
Composition is the students’ efforts and skills witness the faithful representation (not
reproduction) of material with facts, positive attitude and good tone.
Making Notes
Making notes is a vital part of learning. First of all, the act of writing the material down
helps you to absorb it, especially if you write it in your own words. Secondly, well
written notes provide a valuable revision aid.
Do not cut corners on note-taking material. Buy suitable paper and files and keep all
material neat. Be on the look-out for articles or other material to add to your notes.
Notes made during lectures or from library should not go straight into your note book.
Take them down on rough paper and write them in your notebook as soon as possible
after the lecture or study period.
Working questions
You need to buy yourself a book of past examination papers of each subject to provide
examination level practice. A typical examination question may range from several topic
areas and will require though and preparation before you write the answer.
Whenever questions with answers are available to you, the strong temptation is to take a
quick look at the answer before attempting it. This is fatal. Any question becomes easy
if you have seen the answer. All you will get is delusions of adequacy. Work the
question without looking at the answer. Then you have earned the right to read it.
Approach to an examination level question is:

a) READ the question
b) THINK and PLAN your answer
c) WRITE your answer.
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CA’s Lifestyle 16
2.2 REPITITION
At the end of each week, and at the end of each month, get into the habit of summarizing
the material you have covered to refresh you memory of it. Material needs to be studied
using several different methods and with repeated coverage of material. The final
repetition before exam is your revision not repetition. The more times you have been
through the material before the revision phase the easier and quicker your revision will
be.
Do not park your self in front of books the whole week end
The day of Saturday is enough for repetition; do not even try to park your self in front of
books on the day of Sunday. Visit friend’s home or any good place in the morning, sleep
the whole noon and out for shopping, cutting, or dine out at night. Here are the shopping
strategies:
2.2.1 Shopping strategies
Shopping needs Planning, organization and patience to save your money. It is not you
worship money, you worship freedom. You can invest money you save, and it can grow;
the things you buy just depreciate. If you save more than you spend, you call shots.
When you owe, you are subject to the whims of others.
 The match game: Use the Sunday paper manufacturer’s coupons, then use
related web-sites or local supermarket fliers to find which store’s sales match
most of my coupons.
 Loyalty: you must be loyal to price only—not to brand or store. All in all think
of a price as a suggestion to bargain.
 Walking down the aisle: The best-priced items are on the high and low shelves;
brands with high mark-up are eye level. To convert unit price into your currency
use wrist-watch calculator. Look for goods that are “buy one, get one free”
 Discount Dreams. Do not trust on the “original” price on a tag, keep up to date
on what things cost and know a deal when I see one. Use retail store prices and
online prices for comparison. Prefer slightly imperfect goods or slightly muddy
cloths that can easily be washed out.
Why haggle. Sales people bargain for stuff when they shop. You are not going to look
greedy or penny-pinching if salespeople are hagglers themselves. You can haggle for:
 House hold appliances
 Medical charges
 Restaurant Meals
 Clothing’s
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CA’s Lifestyle 17
The Flinch. Whatever price a sales person quotes you, even if it is reasonable, look like
you have just been flattered by a semi and say. “You want how much?” Always want
the other person to talk first.
The Quibble. There is nothing unethical about pointing out a flaw, however minor, and
asking for a price reduction. Get in the habit of saying” I do not want to pay full price for
something that is defective.”
The nibble. You are about to close a deal and you ask the sales person to throw in
something like key-chains, discount cards, lottery coupons, or a polo bag.
The sob story. There is no need to invent a ridiculous tale having months to live or
caring for your family. Just concentrate on purchasing things.
The buddy system. If you are nice to sales people, they will more motivate to help you
out. Humor is one way to ingratiate you.
The package deal. Extended warranties, service packages, low financing rates, breaks
on sales tax. Even if they do not change price, they might gift-wrap these facilities for
free.
BUY thing with correct size
Buy a catalog or request it from manufacturing company to see dresses, designs, colors
and style that are IN-fashion and suit you as well.
Use the following chart to determine your size, and then order with confidence.
BODY MEASUREMENT
Size Small Medium Large

Neck 14-14 ½ 15-15 ½ 16-16 ½
Chest 34-36 38-40 42-44
Waist 28-30 32-34 36-38
Sleeve 32-34 33-35 34-36
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CA’s Lifestyle 18
Neck. Measure a shirt collar that fits you well. Lay collar flat. Measure from centre of
collar button to far end of opposite buttonhole.
Chest. For chest, measure just under arms and across shoulder blades, holding tape firm
and level.
Waist. Measure around your natural waistline
Sleeve. With arm relaxed at side and slightly bent, measure from center back neck, over
pint of shoulder, down outside of arm to wrist.
Other body-part measurements
Hats
Sizes Small Medium Large
Hat size 6.75 – 6. 875 7-7.378 7.25-7.378
Head size 21.125—21.50 21.875—22.25 22.625—23.00
Belts. Order same size as your pants waist size. If in-between sizes, order next larger
sizes
Gloves. Measure around the knuckles with hand flat excluding the thumb. Number of
inches equals glove size.
Inseam. Measure similar pants that fit you well. Lay them flat, with the front and back
creased smooth. Measure along the inseam from crotch to bottom beg hem.
Shoes.
Following guidelines are given while purchasing shoes:
 Make sure you have worn appropriate socks.

 Recommended time to purchase a shoe is between 2:00 pm to 5:00 pm because
during that time foot size is bigger than its normal size.
 Try shoes in your right foot if you write with right hand. And if you write with
your left hand then try shoes on left foot.
 Stand up and walk with new shoes to ensure it is comfortable and that you have
select correct size of shoes for try.
 Only purchase shoes that best fit your foot, and clear miss-concept shoes will
stretch after purchase. They do not!
Socks sizes
Shoe size 5-9 9-12 12-14
Sock size Medium Large Extra large
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CA’s Lifestyle 19
2.2.2 HAIR CUTTING

After every 15 days hair need cutting or your beard need to be set? Talking about cutting
you now has many choices for hair styles…….. You need to do some foot work at home.
Explore new cuts for free at Clairol’s Try it on Studio (www.clairol.com/tios_2.jsp ) or
iVillage’s makeover-o-matic (substance.com/es/mom). Pick a model that looks like you
or upload your photo and play before you pick. The Makeover-o-Matic (pictures)has a
dozen models with different face shapes, over 30 different cuts and a full-color spectrum
for hair and makeup. There are even accessories, such as glasses, that you can add to test
the new you for all occasions.
2.2.3 PERFECT HOLIDAY PLANNING

Take these steps to get the best our of your days away.
1. Put your work in order: and allow time to decompress before taking off.
 Simple foods survive a journey better than anything elaborate. Pick
disposable dishes.
 For salads, use crisp ingredients such as carrots rather than soft lettuces
than can go limp.
 Do not take fizzy drinks unless there is time for them to settle after the
journey. Put soft drink in cool boxes.
 Keep food fresh in plastic containers or biscuit tins. The lids will also
deter unwanted guests such as wasps and flies.
 Pack the food, using a cool box, shopping bag or cardboard box, in the
right order-first course at the top, dessert at the bottom. Store everything
in the car boot as it is the coolest place in the car.
 A traditional hamper is useful for holding plates and cutlery. And do not
forget a bag for collecting the rubbish afterwards.
 Select a shady spot with level ground. And enjoy!
2. Review your vacation goals. What do you really want-time in the back yard to
read a book or an exotic gateway on a secluded island?
3. Be Flexible: you may have a mental image about how your time off should go,
but chance will intervene. Consider holidays a little more like” adventures.”.
Many visitors spice their holiday by selecting life-threatening site for adventure
you must know first-aid techniques and consequences and remedies for uncertain
events. As an example, here are consequences of selecting risky adventures:
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CA’s Lifestyle 20
Biological Weapons
 Anthrax: Causes fever, septic shock, difficulty breathing, death in 24-27
hours.
 Botulinum Toxin: Toxin causes blurred vision, difficulty swallowing,
paralysis, respiratory failure, death in as few as 24 hours.
 Aflatoxin: A mould toxin; can cause haemorrhage, convulsions, coma

liver cancer, death.
 Gas Gangrene: Bacterial infection can cause tissue death, shock, kidney
failure, coma, often death.
Chemical Weapons
 VX Nerve Gas: Affects nervous system causes convulsions, respiratory
paralysis.
 Sarin: Attacks nervous system, paralyses muscles used for breathing; can
cause death within minutes.
 Mustard Gas: Causes skin and eye burns and blisters. Inhaled, can cause
long term respiratory disease and cancer.
4. Leave work at home. Resist calls and emails. Your job now is to relax and have
fun.
5. Plan re-entry. Give yourself a transition day before returning to the job.
2.2.4 DINING IN or OUT

Get together at your friend’s place on weekend over a cup of tea or dine out in any fast-
food restaurant like KFC and Macdonald’s—the reason for advocating this is you will
learn how to eat at international level. One very common problem is making a separate
tea—very simple just purchase Lipton’s small tea-bag container and read out instructions
inside the cardboard box.
Dining at KFC and Macdonald’s has raised various issues including Mad Cow and Avail
Flu—led to international meet crisis. What Mad Cow Primer really is—it goes through
4-stpes as detailed below:
Step 1: Infection—a cow eats feed contaminated with nervous-system tissue from a
diseased cow or sheep. A spontaneous mutation may also create the prions that cause the
illness.
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CA’s Lifestyle 21
Step 2: Spread—Prions force proteins to misfiled throughout the nervous system and
bone marrow, eventually ravaging the brain and crippling the afflicted cow.
Step3: Into the food Supply—a “downer” cow (those too sick to walk) is slaughtered for
meat. Steaks and shops are presumed to be safe, but careless processing can let bits of
nervous system tissue or marrow get into ground beef.
Step 4: Onto the Plate—humans eat contaminated tissue. If prions in the meat corrupt
human protein molecules, paralysis, dementia and death can follow.
The term “Junk food” is very confusing to majority of people. It generally includes such
things as:
 Salted Snacks
 Sweets
 Gum
 Instant noodles
 Carbonated drinks—coca cola, sprite etc.
 Food from fast-food restaurants
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2.3 SOUND SLEEP

In our plugged-in, demanding, and overworked profession of Chartered
Accountancy, each waking moment bombards our brain with sensations, thoughts and
feelings. If our brain tried to store them all as memories, we might experience overload.
Sleep may help edit out some of those impressions.
Students of CA sacrifice their sleep to study all the night thereby willfully ignoring the
bad consequences on their brain and overall health. Stop that attitude—the key to
success in CA is consistency, passion, dedication towards study not the tendency to study
whole the night for some days and rest on other days.
You can not catch up on lost sleep. Getting more sleep at the weekend does not make up
for too little sleep during the week. We need to change our attitudes. Sleep is not a form
of laziness: it may make us smarter and healthier. We need to promote sleep as a
necessary ingredient of a healthy life.
 Duration of sleep. A century ago most people got about nine hours a night.
Researchers say that most of us need about eight hours. Nowadays we get about
seven hours on average, and a third of us get by on six or less.
 Phases of Sleep. It is not the length of sleep that is so important but the phases of
sleep. During the night we go through several cycles of about 90 minutes. Every
cycle consists of three phases-first light sleep we slumber deeply; after that, we
dream. In deep sleep, the body recuperates; in dream sleep, the mind relaxes.
Light sleep is a kind of transition between the two.
Sleep Disorder solution. People suffering from a sleep disorder, may take medication
without thinking through the consequences. A pill can offer quick relief, but many
people do not realize that they can become dependent in as little as four weeks. Sleeping
pills should be used on a doctor’s prescription. The physician should establish the dosage
level and duration of treatment. You should not increase the dose yourself. Before
restoring to medication, try these easy steps for a better night’s rest:
1. Eat and Live Healthily. People with sleeping problems should not consume
stimulants such as tobacco or caffeine. Also avoid big meal before bedtime. A
heavy evening meal activates digestion, which stops the body from winding
down.
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CA’s Lifestyle 23
2. Relax. People who lead busy and stressful lives often have trouble sleeping. It is
advisable to create an ‘oasis’ between the waking day’s events and going to the
bed. Unwind with a good book or go for an evening walk with your partner to
clear up the day.
3. Exercise More. If you jog, ride a bicycle or swim for half an hour at least three
times a week, you will need more sleep-and you will increase your deep sleep
phases.
4. Improve your Bedroom. The bedroom and particularly the bed should condition
us to fall asleep. Here is how to make your bedroom as restful as possible:
 Chose the quietest room.
 Air the room well before going to bed, or leave the window slightly open
through the night.
 Set the temperature at a comfortable level.
 Use curtains or blinds to darken the room as much as possible.
 Choose good mattresses, with proper back support.
 Use bedding that is appropriate for the season.
5. Go to the Bed at the right time. Go to the bed and get up at about the same time
Including in the weekends. Regular time for getting up ensures that our biological
Rhythm-our inner clock in not disturbed.
6. Create a Bed time Ritual. A bath-temperature: 34 to 38 degrees-can make you

Sleepy. Lavender oil is relaxing. Bed time snacks such as a banana or hot milk
with honey contain the protein element L-tryptophan, which gears the brain for
sleep.
7. Get up rather than toss and turn. If you have to get up briefly at night, do not
Switch on a bright light. It can upset your inner clock and cause wakefulness. Or
You are not sleep. Avoid thinking I have to sleep now because I have got to get
Up in two hours will make falling asleep even harder. Try not to watch your
Bed side clock. Position the clock so that the luminous figures or ticking do not
Disturb you.
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3. SCHOOLING
3.1 WHY TEACHERS AND TEXTBOOKS ARE UNCLEAR
On every page, and on every daily news papers, textbooks and teachers use words whose
meanings they do not explain. If you do not know the meaning your brain will say to
itself, quickly and quietly I do not know what………….mean, no one is telling me what
it means. I can not really understand what going on, so I will stop listening. Other
reasons may be the bad planning of study-hours leaving us nothing to gain or retain
except wastage of time. Here is recommended approach for your study:
If attending RAET If not attending RAET*

1. Over view of material to be 1. Overview of material to be
studied(chapter summaries) studied(chapter summaries)
2. Before a lecture, take a look at the 2. Read the Chapter
subject briefly 3. Re-read the chapter slowly, making
3. Attend Lecture notes as you go.
4. Consolidate lecture by reading
material, making notes as you go.
5. Answer Chapter Round-up 4. Answer Chapter Round-up
questions questions
6. Repetition 5. Repetition
7. Revision 6. Revision
8. Answer examination questions 7. Answer examination questions
9. Final Revision 8. Final Revision
10. Sit Examination 9. Sit Examination
*Registered Accountancy Educational Training
During reading books and taking notes of lectures during class hour you need to follow
STAY TUNED STRATEGY that has three steps detailed below:
STEP 1: when you are listening to a teacher or reading a text book, make a point of
noticing all words that are not explained. Take special not of the fact that books and
teachers are not gaining you the information you need truly to understand what they are
saying.
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CA’s Lifestyle 25
STEP 2: even though a statement is unexplained and unclear, accept it for what it is
worth. Realize that you do not truly understand it, but at the same time record it in your
mind, knowing that your teacher expects you to repeat it.
STEP 3: when you feel yourself turning off, look for the reason. Notice that the teacher
used a word without explaining it, and find the word on lecture-notes and circle it. And
when you get home, look at your notes, write this down:
“The teacher said that………………. The statement is unclear because I do not
understand what……means. Still the word must mean something, and for now I will
remember the statement, even though I do not understand it”
Why you should not look in a dictionary and find out what all these strange words mean?
Two reasons. First, you are exposed every day to lots of unexplained words. If you tried
to understand them all, you would never get away from dictionaries and encyclopedias.
Second, many of the words to which you are exposed are very complicated—you can not
understand them simply by looking them up.
3.2 WHAT IT TAKES TO BE A GREAT STUDENT

Have you ever notice that the smartest people in your class are not necessarily the ones
who get straight A’s? And what about those students who are definitely not geniuses but
somehow pull off perfect grade-point averages anyway?
Is it all those extra-credit assignments? Do they park themselves in front of their books
all weekend? Are they working harder than you are? How do these people do it?
The answer is simple: they have discovered that earning high grades require more than
just a good brain. It requires mastery of a method explain as follows:
Grades
Low grades say absolutely nothing about either your ability to learn or your capacity to
earn high grades. They do not indicate that your are dumb or slow or lazy. Low grades
mean only that you are not learning well, and that is usually because teachers are not
presenting things in a way that is understandable to you or text books are not clear to you.
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CA’s Lifestyle 26
You will raise your grades if you truly recognize the difference between understanding
that is deep and understanding that is shallow. Why? Mindless repetition usually earns
high grades. And deep understanding usually does not. True learning is a lot more fun
than mindless repetition. It feels good, and it usually makes you want to know more.
True learning is the key to real education, it is very important but there is one problem
with true learning: it is not the key to high grades.
Pay attention
Students often do not pay attention in class and teachers know it. They figure that
students would learn more if only the can stop their minds from wandering. The human
mind naturally looks for understanding, and it can not understand anything if people
assume it knows something that it doesn’t know. Its natural response is to stop listening.
Think about it, what happen if someone talks to you and starts using words you do not
quite understand?
Concentration
Whether we know it or not people having lots of different thoughts and feelings all at the
same time:
 listen to music
 watch television
 play videogame
 ski
 talk with our friends
 do well in school
 Do well at our jobs and lots of other things.
Frequently, these different thoughts and feelings are pulling you in different directions.
So there is hard to concentrate when you sit down to do your home work. Here is how
you can concentrate:
Appreciate. Accept the problem that you can do one thing at a one time
Fight: you have to fight the problem. Every time you sit down to study, tell yourself” I
can do one thing at a time, and right now I am doing ………. I am, I do and I will---play
tennis, talk on telephone, and listen to music at other times. But right now I am
doing……. it is not forever it is just for right now.
Planning. You should divide your study hours in two to three segments with 5 minutes
break in-between these segments. Once you make that decision, stick to it. Make
yourself absolutely unavailable for anything except for study. If your thought turn to
other things, just tell yourself, once again, that work would not last forever, you are only
doing it for right now.
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4. REVISION
Most people think of revision as just reading notes and trying to remember them. This is
true to some extent but there are some ways of revising more effectively.
4.1 CORRECT METHOD OF REVISION

Planning
The first thing to say about revision is that it is an addition to your initial studies, not a
substitute for them. Planning is important to maximize the value of your revision work.
You need to balance the demands for study, professional work, family life and other
commitments. To make this work, you will need to think carefully about how to make
best use of your time.
Begin by comparing the estimates hours you will need to devote to revision with the
hours available to you in the weeks leading up to the examination. Preparing a written
schedule setting out the areas you intended to cover during particular weeks, and break
that down further into topics for each day revision. To help focus on the key areas tries
to establish:
 Which areas you are weakest on, so that you can concentrate on the topics where
effort is particularly needed
 Which areas are especially significant for the examinations-the topics that are
testes frequently?
And do not continue your revision timetable right up to the moment when you enter the
exam hall: you should aim to stop work a day or even two days before the exam.
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CA’s Lifestyle 28
Getting down to work
Where should you revise?

 Choose a room where there will be no distractions.
 Work at a table or desk
 Some students like to work in local library. This can be quite a good idea but
these can be distractions, such as people moving around.
 Try to work in silence.
 You should make a time table and decide how long to revise for.
 Planned breaks in revision increase the amount of information you retain.
 UNPLUG your phone. Let everybody know that you are studying and should not
be disturbed.
How often should you revise?

 Revision should be a constant process on WEEK ends of your course.
 Try not to leave your revision to the few weeks before the exam.
 Divide your work into topics and then revise a topic at a time.
 Stick to your plan and make up for any lost time.
 Do not move on to a new topic until you have mastered the old one.
 It is better to have a thorough knowledge of a few topics than a skimpy
knowledge of the whole syllabus.
What is the best time to revise?

Most people are at their peak early in the morning. Near exam time try to get up earlier.
If you are on holiday then early morning is an ideal time, because you will have fewer
distractions from other people in the house. Early evening is a good time before you get
tired.
What shall I revise?

Ideally it would be best if you could revise the whole syllabus. If you have any difficulty
with certain topics then you could leave them out but you will need to know the other
topics really well.
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CA’s Lifestyle 29
TIPS FOR THE FINAL REVISION PHASE
As the exam looms closer, consider the following list of techniques and make use of
those that work for you:
 Summaries your notes into more concise form.

 Go through your notes with a highlighter pen, marking key concepts and
definitions.
 On areas that you find difficult, rework questions that you have already attempted
and compare your answers.
 Rework questions you attempted earlier in your studies with a view to producing
more polished answers.
4.2 Examiner Comments

After every examination an examiner’s report is prepared and you are urged to obtain a
copy and thoroughly digest the contents. Much useful advice is given not only about the
detail of individual questions, but about the general approach to be adopted.
The examiner comments are being reproduced to assist the candidates in knowing what is
expected of them and where they have fallen short of those expectations. In order to full
appreciate examiners’ comments, the candidates must have in their view the level
achievement necessary for a pass standing in the examination
The examination determines whether the candidates have achieved the minimum
desirable level of a professional competence which the institute looks for and the ability
to apply CA entry level knowledge to theories, principles and practices to situations and
problems likely to be encountered in professional practice. Accordingly, candidates
should demonstrate their ability to:
 Apply knowledge as required by the prescribed syllabus
 Identify, define and rank problems and issues, when not specially directed to them
by the questions.
 Solve problems in an analytical interactive manner, exercise judgment in
developing and evaluating alternatives and proposing practical solutions and
 Communicate effectively with users and respond to users needs
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CA’s Lifestyle 30
The institute attempts to measure, to the extent possible, in written examinations the
maturity of the candidate’s judgment and their ability to make useful recommendations to
clients, supported by analysis of the type and quality expected of Chartered Accountants
in practice.
Ever since examinations were invented examiners have complained, with justice, about
similar problems and deficiencies. The more common ones include:
 Not starting each question on a new fresh page
 Failure to read the question
 Failure to answer the question as set
 Bad English
 Poor writing
 Careless work, especial with calculations
 Rote learning rather than real understanding
 Poor charts/diagrams with no titles
 Inadequate time planning resulting in the failure to answer all questions
 Failure to relate theory and practice
You are strongly advised to note carefully the above list of common failings and to make
sure that you are not guilty of any of them.
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CA’s Lifestyle 31
4.3 Marking Scheme

Very true, students are not satisfied with marking scheme at ICAP and two third are those
who have either failed or referrals and one third of them file Writ in Court against ICAP
to recheck their paper(s), this is not professional behavior. To me this is simply
ignorance to marking scheme. Let’s see how papers are set, mark and recheck to focus
our wild guess to particular point of view:
Independent examination committee

The examination process is directly supervised by the Examination Committee which is a
statutory committee under the bye-laws and is appointed by the Council of the Institute.
This Committee is assisted in its day to day operations by the Director of Examinations.
The examination Committee formulates all examination policies, selects the paper setters
and examiners and ensures that examination is conducted in a transparent manner
whereby all candidates are treated fairly and objectively.
What is paper-checking method?

1. Perforated part of answer book is separated to make it anonymous.
2. Selected examiners, for marking any paper of any module, get together is
auditorium of Examination Department.
3. Examiners are instructed to check only one specified question.
4. Along with answer book examiners are also provided with Solved answer sheet
and question paper.
5. Deadline is given to check each question.
6. After marking the question examiner comment on the question.
How question papers are set?

A strict criterion is observed to select paper setter to ensure their independence and
expect he will remain partial. After setting a paper he solved it in specified time to check
whether paper can be solved in 3-hours time. In selecting question he observes the
followings:
Most examination questions can be seen to test one or more of the following:
 Your ability to recall facts
 Your level of understanding of a topic
 Your ability to apply theory to some practical problem
 Your ability to analyze a situation or problem
 Your ability to interpret or make an informed judgment about an issue.
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CA’s Lifestyle 32
Is reproduction of exact study-material word-by-word giving us passing-license?

No, our profession discourages rote learning and encourages understanding. Questions
are not marked on that foolish pattern rather there is criteria detailed below:
In awarding the mark to each question examiner consider the pass/fail assessment
criteria:
 Adequacy of answer plan
 Structured answer
 Inclusion of significant facts
 Information given not repeated
 Relevant content
 Inferences made
 Commercial awareness
 High skills demonstrated
 Professional commentary
So, by now, straight criticism is not a solution rather the best teacher in the world is
inside you. After the exams are finished you solve all question papers under exam-like
environment with same presentation, produced material and then either give answer sheet
to your teacher or wait for publication of solved paper and compare. It will help you to
assess where you stand and if you were right in your criticism.
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CA’s Lifestyle 33
What is marking scheme?

A book-let containing answer sheet, marking scheme, and question paper is provided to
each examiner. Format of marking scheme is given below:
MARKING SCHEME
GENERAL:
Marks must only be awarded for points relevant to answering the question set. Unless
otherwise indicated, marks should not be awarded for restating the facts of the question.
For most question you should award ½ a mark for a point of knowledge, 1 mark for the
application of knowledge and 1 ½ marks for a point demonstrating a higher skill
expected.
The model answers are indicative of the breadth and depth of possible answer points, but
are exhaustive.
Most questions require candidates to include a range of points in their answer, so an

answer which concentrates on one or a few points should normally be expected to result
in a lower mark than one which considers a range of points
In awarding the mark to each part of the question you should consider whether the
standard of the candidate’s answer is above or below the passing grade. If it is of pass
standard it should be awarded a mark of 50% or more and it should be awarded less than
50% marks if it does not achieve a pass standard. When you have completed marking a
question you should consider whether the total mark is fair.
In general, the most of these you can access in the affirmative, the higher the mark
awarded should be. If you decide the total mark is not a proper reflection of the standard
of the candidates’ answer, you should review the candidate’s answer and adjust marks,
where appropriate, so that the total mar awarded is fair.
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CA’s Lifestyle 34
QUESTION SPECIFIC MARKING SCHEME
Information Technology (TECHNICAL PAPER)
This marking scheme is given as a guide to markers in the context of the suggested
answer. Scope is given to markers to award marks for alternative approaches to a
question, including relevant comments, and where well reasoned conclusions are
provided. This is particularly the case for essay based questions where there will often
be more than one definitive solution.
In many questions suggested model answers were given to open ended questions, please
give credit for any valid alternative responses within the limits of the marking scheme.
MARKS
1 (a) (I) Award up to 2 marks for description.
(ii) Award 1 mark for each valid point up to a max of 8 marks. 10
(b) (I) Award up to 2 marks for description plus 1 mark for an example
(ii) Award up to 4 marks for issue raised up to a max 20 marks 22
Total 32
2 (a) Award up to 2 marks 2
(b) Award 0.5 mark for each correct description max 5 marks 7
Total 9
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CA’s Lifestyle 35
AUDITING( MCQ TYPE + TECHNICAL PAPER)
Marks Marks
1. (a) Impact on conduct of audit
Generally 1 mark each point contributing to an explanation max 15
Ideas
Consider perspective
 company, group, other subsidiaries
Aspects of conduct of audit
 practice management
 planning including materiality and risk assessment
 audit strategy/evidence
 Review
(b) Audit Strategy
For conclusion(consistent with justification) max 1
Generally 1 mark each point in justification 5
Justification
 IR
 CR
 DR
 Revenue/debtors
 Purchases/creditors max 06
( c) Principal business risks
Generally ½ mark each area of business risk identified max 3
Areas of business risk
 Growth
 cash flow
 Chief executive
 Financial information
 Going concern
Generally one mark each point contributing to a description 6
Max 09
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30
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CA’s Lifestyle 36
COST ACCOUNTING(MATHEMATICAL PAPERS)
1 (a) (i) Calculation of discount rate implied in the early settlement 2

Decision on payment period 1
3
(ii) Calculation of basic EOQ(ignoring discounts) 1

Evaluation of purchase costs with discounts 4
Decision on optimal policy 1
6
(b) Defining frequency of orders 1
Consideration of scheduling of orders 1
Preparation of cash budget in accordance with answer to part(a) 9
11
20
2 (a) Material usage variance 1

Material mix variance 3
Material yield variance 3
Labor rate variance 2
Labor efficiency variance 2
11
(b) Explanation of mix and yield variance 5
Up to 2 marks each for identification of possible reasons for the
Variances calculated in part(a) 4
9
20
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CA’s Lifestyle 37
COMPANY LAW(Including business law and Tax papers)
1 This question specifically refers to the registration of public limited companies

and therefore reference must be made to the requirements for such companies to
acquire section 30 certificates before they can commence trading.
8-10 Answers will show a thorough understanding of the registration process,

Listing the documents required, and will make clear reference to the
trading certificates in relation to public companies.
5-7 A sound understanding of the area, although perhaps lacking in detail.
2-4 Some understanding of the area but lacking in detail, perhaps failing to
Deal with the need for a trading certificate.
0-1 Little or no knowledge of the area.
2 This question is divided into three parts, and each part will be allocated three
Marks, with one mark floating in order to allow markers the best performance in
any one particular part.
6-8 Thorough treatment of all three aspects of the question.
4-6 Thorough treatment of two of the aspects.
0-4 Unbalanced answer, merely dealing with one part of the question, or
Demonstrating no real understanding of the nature of the question.
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CA’s Lifestyle 38
4.4 PRESENTATION RULES

Presentation is an important feature of the examination and you should ensure that you
bear the following points in mind and know the format of Answer sheet:
Front page of answer sheet
ANSWER BOOK
(Name of candidate)
------------------------------- --------------------------------------
(Foundation/Intermediate/Final) (Roll Number)
------------------------------- --------------------------------------
(Signature of Candidate) (Signature of Invigilator)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
(Name of Candidate) Question No.  Tick
attempted
---------------------------------------------- questions
(Foundation/Intermediate/Final) Q. 1
Q.2
---------------------------------------------- Q.3
(Roll Number) Q.4
Q.5
---------------------------------------------- Q.6
(Date of Examination)
Q.7
Q.8
No of copies attached-------------------- Q.9
Q.10
Q.11
---------------------------------------------- Q.12
(Signature of Centre supervisor)
TO BE FILLED IN BY THE EXAMINER
Question Q.1 Q.2 Q.3 Q.4 Q.5 Q.6 Q.7 Q.8 Q.9 Q.10 Q.11 Q.12
No.
Marks
Obtain
------------------------------ -------------------------------
(Signature of Examiner) (Signature of Re-Checker)
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CA’s Lifestyle 39
First page of Answer sheet
Sheet number (1)
Question No. New Question must be start on fresh page Do not write on
This margin
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Now you have the clear idea what is the format of answer sheet, to put your answers in
correct here is the series of guidelines:
General Presentation Rules
A. Check that you have correct exam paper in front of you.
Several different exams may be going on at the same time
B. Check that there are no pages missing from the answer book
C. If there is anything wrong with either question paper or with
Answer book, then you should ask for a new one.
D. Do not be critical of any specific question or the paper in
General. Examiners are human and such behavior is
Bound to upset them.
E. Always use a new page for each answer
F. Ensure all your workings are neat and cross referenced to the answer.
G. Separate paragraphs by leaving a space between each.
H. If you have made an error, simply cross it through with your ruler and
Write in the correct answer underneath. Avoid use of correction fluid.
Question specific presentation rules
Multiple choice questions
These questions are used to examine your standard of knowledge across the syllabus. An
answer is simple right or wrong; there age are no grey areas. MCQs are broken down
into two parts; the problem or task to be solved, and the options you must choose from.
There is only ever one correct answer: the other options are known as distractors.
Your approach to MCQs should be as follows:
 Attempt each MCQ within the time allowed. Some can be tricky and you may be
tempted to run over time. Do not. For numerical MCQs, in the majority of cases
you will need to do some rough workings.
 Never rush to select your answer; some options might initially look plausible, but
on closer scrutiny turn out to be distractors. Unless you are certain of the answer,
look carefully at all the options before choosing.
 If you are finding the MCQ difficult and your time allocation is up, move on to
the next one.
 Time permitting, revisit those MCQs which you left unanswered and refer to your
original workings
 Remember: you must never omit to answer an MCQ as there is no penalty for an
incorrect answer.
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CA’s Lifestyle 41
Numerical questions
 If you know a pro-forma which will assist you in answering a numerical question,
set it up before working numbers into it. You will be awarded marks for that.
 You will find columnar layouts helpful when attempting numerical questions.
They also make your answer easier to mark.
 Always keep the main body of your answer away from the workings. Workings
are an extremely important aspect when answering questions, so all workings
should be included. Provided that your workings are neat, if an arithmetical error
is made it is easy for the marker to identify it.
 Workings use to calculate figures in the main answer should be cross referenced.
 If at a late stage you identify an error in your answer, do not waste time by
amending the consequential effects. It is more useful to put a footnote to your
answer stating how the correction would have affected your answer.
 If you are asked to comment on numerical answers, do not forget to do so. These
marks are as important as any other and are normally relatively easy to gain-
provided that you have understood your numerical calculations.
Essay Type questions

 Follow the general rules detailed above.
 Jot down points from the question that you feel may be important.
 Taking the points you have noted, structure you plan, which you will use in
answering the question.
 Break your answer down, using short paragraphs for each point you are making,
headings, and bullet points.
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5. EXAMINATION TECHNIQUE
To pass any examination you must (a) have the knowledge, (b) convince the examiner
you have the knowledge, and (c) convince him within the time allowed. Success will be
much more assured if you apply the examination hints given below.
5.1 THE AIM OF EXAMINATION

 Students must be consciously aware of their learning objective, right from the
start of their professional studies at the foundation and intermediate level.
 Students must understand that knowledge gained through theoretical studies is for
the purpose of applying it to practical or analysis with alternative, feasible
solutions.
 Learning by rote and assessment of an examinee’s ability to reproduce from
memory defeats the very purpose of educating students to become competent
professionals who are expected, upon qualifying, to independently address all
professional matters for which they have been educated and trained.
 The students approach their learning with an imaginative and application oriented
focus for passing their examinations and acquiring the CA qualification as
competent and proficient professionals.
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5.2 SCOPE OF EXAMINATION
The CA examinations are designed to assess on a consistent basis the candidates’ all
round theoretical knowledge and application skills as precisely as possible.
In order to assist the examiners in this objective and to provide a general guidance to
candidates preparing for these examinations, indicative grids showing relative weight age
have been drawn up for each section of syllabus.
Besides weightage given in syllabus booklet that is only for syllabus material, here is
scope of examination that form the nature and style of examination:
COMPONENT K* A** TOTAL

Short form 15% 10% 25%
Questions
Descriptive and computational Questions 45% 30% 75%
60% 40% 100%
*Testing of knowledge
**Awareness at Foundation Level and Application of Knowledge at Professional level.
No amount of examination room technique will enable you to pass unless you have
prepared yourself thoroughly beforehand. The period of preparation may be years or
months long. It is no use expecting to pass with a feverish last minute of revision.
By this stage you should have worked through all of the books and you should be
thoroughly familiar with your syllabus and the type of examination questions that you
have been set in the past.
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5.3 THE DAY BEFORE THE EXAMINATION

a. Make sure you know exact time, date and location of examination.
b. Carefully check your travel arrangements. Leave yourself adequate time.
c. Overhaul your equipment: Calculator? Spare Battery? Pens? Pencils? Tables?
Watch? Sweets? etc.
d. Check your examination number.
e. Try to get a good night sleep but do not try to take sleeping pills or the like.
f. Relax as much as possible. If you haven’t done enough work by now you won’t
have enough time to make up the difference. Here is the relaxation technique
called Meditation:
MEDITATION (Relaxation Technique)
You need about 15-20 minute session daily with yourself to unwind. Meditation relaxes
body and calms mind. Meditation is a scientifically proven antidote for stress, tension,
anxiety, and panic. Many people find it helpful for headaches and respiratory problems
such as emphysema and asthma.
Meditation in essence is a thought-directing process. It attempts to free our mind from

unhealthy undesirable thoughts that taint our thinking unconsciously. It unifies scattered
attention and energy. Since it requires concentration, it clears mind and improves
memory.
How can you do it?
The best time to meditate is when you get up and schedule for them same times each day
before anything eating. Devoting first fifteen minutes of your day to this activity is a
health investment. To optimize the experience you need a quiet environment where you
will not be disturbed. Wear comfortable clothes and assume a sitting position. Sit on
floor or on a chair. Either way, the spine should be vertical. The classic meditation
position is sitting cross-legged on the floor. Lastly you need something to focus your
mind such as a religious symbol, flower, or a word or phrase.
Slow, rhythmic breathing is necessity in all forms of meditation.
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CA’s Lifestyle 45
Approaches to Meditation
Transcendental Meditation: it involves mental repetition of a word. It may well be any
of the many beautiful names mentioned in Holy Quran.
Breath Meditation: this technique calls for concentration on respiration, the process of
inhaling and exhaling.
Body Scan Meditation: This form of meditation focuses on the present moment. You
move your focus through the body, from the tips of the toes to the top of the head, paying
particular attention to any areas that cause pain or suffer from a medical problem. The
body scans usually done while lying down.
As an alternative to meditation, you can play “snake” game available on every Nokia
mobile phones (3310, 3210). To me this is equivalent to meditation because this game
needs 100% attention----One rule to play this game is to secure above 300 scores—so
that this game catch your attention—if you fail to get 300 scores restart game again until
you achieve the target--this will certainly help you focusing your attention at one
particular point (to play game).
5.4 WELL BEFORE THE EXAMINATION

 Have a good meal before the exam. You will get nothing to eat for three hours.
 Go to the toilet before the exam. This avoids the embarrassment of having to
leave the room under supervision.
 Check to see if you have to wear uniform or acceptable dresses.
5.5 IN THE EXAMINATION ROOM
If you have followed the rules so far you are well prepared; you have all the equipment
you need; you did not have to rush-YOU ARE CALM AND CONFIDENT.
Atmosphere of the exam room

The atmosphere of the exam room has something to do with this. Try to forget
everything from your mind other than the job in hand. Concentrate hard. If you feel a bit
panicky grip the table, take a deep breath, and get on with it. Remember things are never
as bad as they seem!
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Before you start writing:
a. Care fully read the whole examination paper including the rubric. Quick starters
are generally poor performers
b. Decide what questions you are going to answer.
c. Decide the sequence you will tackle the questions. Generally, answer the easiest
question first.
d. Decide the time allocation for each question. In general the time allocation
should be in direct proportion to marks for each question. Divide the total exam
marks into the total exam time(less planning time) to obtain minutes per mark
figure, and allow that many minutes per mark of each individual question.
Dealing with the question:
a. Make sure you plan each question first. Make a note of the main points or
principles involved. If you are unable to finish the question you will gain some
marks from these points. Examiners are more impressed by a solid mass of points
than an unending development of one solitary idea.
b. Attempt all questions required and each part of each question. You can earn more
marks by half completing two answers than by completing either one individually.
c. Do not let your answer ramble on. Be as brief as possible consistent with
covering all the points you know.
d. Follow a logical sequence in your answers. It’s quicker, more accurate and gives
a greater impression of competence if you follow a predetermined logical path
instead of jumping about from place to place as ideas come to you.
e. Write neatly, underline headings and if the question asks for a particular sequence
of answer then follow that sequence.
f. If diagrams graphs or tables are required give them plenty of space, label them
neatly and comprehensively, and give a key to symbols, lines etc uses. A simple
clear diagram showing the main points can often gain a good proportion of the
marks for a question.
g. Decide what the examiner wants
h. Concentrate on displaying your knowledge, not your ignorance. There is almost
always one question you need to attempt and are not happy about. In answering
to such a question put down all you do now and then devote unused time to
improving some other answer.
i. If time runs out then if it is a numerical answer, do not bother to work out the
figures. Show the examiner by means of your layout that you know what steps
need to be taken and which pieces of data re applicable. Or, if it is an essay
question, put down answer in the form of notes.
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CA’s Lifestyle 47
j. Use TELL, ILLUSTRATE, CONCLUDE formula.

k. Refer specially to workings and put them in order, clearly labeled. Remember
random jotting around a page will not attract as many marks as a carefully
sequenced set of workings.
l. You can not stand on examiners shoulder and explain the real meaning of your
script and terminology. Say what you mean and leave nothing.
m. Begin each question on a separate sheet of paper. Also, leave space between parts
of the answer and even between paragraphs.
Being nervous (that is having the adrenalin flow) enables on to work at a much more
concentrated pitch for a longer time without fatigue. Panic, on the other hands, destroys
one’s judgment. To avoid panic(a) concentrate simply on maximizing your mark leave
considerations of passing or failing, (b) take two or three deep breaths, (c)answer the
easiest questions first it helps to build confidence to crack the difficult ones later.
When you have finished writing:

a. Check that you have followed the examination regulations regarding examination
title, examination number, candidate’s number and sequence of answer sheets.
b. Make sure you include all the sheets you require to be marked.
c. If you have time carefully read each and every part of each answer for obvious
errors or mis-spellings and check each calculation.
d. Assure yourself that you have done justice with paper
General points:
a. Concentrate on answering the questions set not some related topic which you
happen to know something about.
b. Do not leave the examination room early. Use every minute for checking and
rechecking or adding points to questions answered.
c. Always attempt every question set and every par of each question.
d. Stay until the end of the exam. Use any spare time checking and rechecking
your script.
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5.6 AFTER THE EXAMINATION

 Do not worry if you feel you have performed badly in the exam: it is
more than likely that the other candidates also have found the exam
difficult too. Do not forget that there is a competitive element in these
exams. As soon as you get up to leave the exam hall, forget that exam
and think about the next-or, if it is the last one, celebrate!
 Do not discuss an exam with other candidates. This is particularly the
case if you still have other exams to sit. Even if you have finished, you
should put in mind until the day of result. Forget about exam and relax.
 Out side every examination hall there lurks a known-all eager to explain
how you should have mentioned ISA-2, for example, in your answer to
question 3. Steer clear of him and do not be put off. Your object now is
to do well in the next paper. He’s probably wrong, any how!
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6 REFERRALS AND ARTICLESHIP

Obviously if you have passed the examination then you do not need to read this section
and switch to the next.
6.1 LIVING WITH RERERRALS
Classical Approach
Life is the name of coping and living with failures, frustrations, disappointments and bad
experiences. The fact is that the hang over of such events lasts longer than comparable
successes, possibly because of over powering feelings of pain and sorrow that is thinking
of such situations positively, these arguments appear to be mistaken. Why we do not
remember as fondly the joy of our successes? Why it is so difficult, but quite natural, to
live with undesirable events and results?
Every normal person contains an inbuilt immunity to tolerate failures. The issue here is
the failure often does not travel alone. They happen in quick succession, one after the
other, shaking the very foundation of our personality. We loose self-confidence and
morale. It affects our ability to take on new challenges. What can one done in such
situation?
1. Confide. If we happen to hit a patch in when nothing appears to go right, we

need some one to talk about our problems. We need a shoulder to cry, if we feel
vulnerable, fragile, insecure or weak. Doing so, clears eyes and restores some
balance. Some people fine solace in following religious practices in such
situations. If this brings comfort, go ahead.
2. Learn a lesson. It is natural to look Bach at such experiences and see what went
wrong. As humans, we all make mistake. Getting into the blame only
complicates the matter. Stop blaming to yourself or to others for your failures.
Learn your lesson if there is one, remember it, and forget the event.
3. Do not take it out on your close ones. Do not make your close ones or those
you meet, the indirect target of passing out your frustrations. Infect, you must
exactly do the reverse.
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CA’s Lifestyle 50
4. Take extra care of your health. We have all the right to mourn our wasted
efforts when we do not get the desired results. After your temperament, your physical
health is the biggest shock absorber that should be attended to at all times. Try the
following recommended food to stay healthy.
Recommended Meal for Good Health

Type of Meal Time of meal Well before meal For Spring and For Winter and
summer Autumn
Break Fast 8:00 Am  Take brain  One bread,  One bread,
supplement yogurt/butter omelet
medicine
 And one  15-minutes  15 minutes
glass of later take tea later take tea
water
Juice Time 10:00 Am Offer two nawafal Food Supplement Carrot juice
Lunch 12:30 Pm One glass of water Carbohydrate foods+ Same
Vitamin-B tablet
Milk Time 4:30 Pm Offer namaz Milk glass Same
Dinner Time 7:30 Pm Offer namaz Protein Foods + Same
Black Tea(strong)
Time of Sleep 12:30 Pm Offer tahajad Milk glass+bananas Same
 Carbohydrates’ sources: rice, potato, pasta, corn, carrots, spinach, green been,
cauliflower, apple, oranges and banana.
 Protein’s Sources: eggs, red meat, fish and chicken.
 Fats: dairy products, edible oil and ghee, fish oil(capsules)
World’s best recommended food plan known as FOOD PALATE.
 Rice, Bread, Bun, Sheer mall (6-times a day)

 Milk and Milk Products (once a Day)
 Oil, Ghee, Butter, Sugar (once a day)
 Fish, Meat, Chicken, Eggs (once a Week)
 Fruit, Salad(cucumber,carrots,tomotos(once a
day)
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Modern Approach
Professional study demands professional environment around you where no body can
disturb you so that to digest chunks of syllabus material in one go. Act professionally!
and never prefer to study in living/drawing rooms or in front of TV.
Study Room Accessories

Let me tell you why this is necessary to mention. According to ”clutter free theory” you
must have minimum things that you need in your study room because cluttered rooms
create stress. Your study room for thorough study must have the following quick-access
accessories:
 Carpeted room. Prefer pink, light green or light brown color of carpet.
 A Study table with drawer (for calculator,pens,stepler,gum,stapler pins, drawing
pins, scale of 6 inches, post-it cards, and a chair(not revolving chair like in
offices)
 Cross Ventilation facility i.e. have windows.
 Have full curtain in front of windows.
 Daily clean study room
 Rack for books and quran with urdu/english translation and do not place books on
floor.
 Prefer white tube light in your room.
 Afford to have time saving accessories, e.g. Tea maker (prefer electric kettle for
separate tea), a cup, tea spoon, a glass, water bottle, dry milk, sugar.
 A dressing mirror(4” by 1) and put calendar of on-going month on mirror and
place cold cream(for winter)/sun block(for summer),comb/brush, gel for hairs,
tooth brush/paste,perfume,erasors,after shaves, mustered oil, almonds oil.
 A personal computer without internet connection.
 Towels, shoes, dresses(leisure, sleeping, office)must be in our own room
 Three watches are needed, place wrist watch on study table, one alarm watch, and
one wall watch.
 A radio to listen English news and local news at 6:50 pm of Pakistan.
 A flash light, not use candles in case if electric supply is off.
 Pedestal/roof fan.
 Prefer mattress rather than bed.
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Emerging Approach
If you are reading to find out what may have gone wrong at exam-then you are doing a
right thing. It is important to learn from one’s mistakes. Facing our own shortcomings
and overcoming them is the key to success. Let me hope that reading this passage will
broadly help you in identifying one or two important underlying causes that keeps your
name from the list of successful candidates.
In essence, examiners actively look out to clear deserving candidates, just like an
employer who would find it easy to offer a job through’ job interviews’ to the best of
candidates. All you need to do is to work hard in acquiring knowledge required and take
a pain to display to the examiner that you are skilful, possess good analytical ability and
have a good grasp of the subject. Once convinced of your ability, you will win over the
examiner to be on your side. The bottom line is that your expression is a decisive as
knowing the subject matter. Examinations are a perfect place to bring the written
communication principles into pal. How you write is conclusive as you are not in front
of examiner while your paper is being marked-to explaining what you mean.
The examiners appreciate that English is not our native language. At the sometime you
need to exhibit a better of the basics of English language. Sentences have to be free of
grammatical errors. Answers have to be perceptive and coherent not giving the
impression that you have crammed and not really understood what was asked of you.
Examiners tend to overlook minor errors here and there. However, this should not be
taken as a license makes the task of examiner difficult. You must ensure that you write
with precision, expressing knowledge with clarity. Your expression should be simple but
convincing.
Here are some suggestions for your future studies:
1. Learn to write correct English. Our will need this valuable ability to pass your
exams and will be relying on it in your practical life.
2. Do not cram. Understand the substance of the topic. Each topic has some salient
features.
Cram preference is the product of weak study-structure in early stages of our life. One
might get distinction with cramming previously but believe us in professional studies to
be successful it need abundance of well-feed knowledge inside your memory. Why
students fail in professional studies due to Cramming, so learn now to gain knowledge to
include your name every-time in successful candidates.
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Following are the terms that need clear understanding from student part and examiner’s:
Student Examiner
Knowledge  Have information  Student knows

 Sure on it or not
Understanding  Recognize, believe  Ability to

 Give meaning demonstrate
Skills  Do well as experienced  Give reasons
expertly
Techniques  Technical points  Handle
 Logical arrangement of matters(case
answer material study)
2. Maintain a sense of proportion in terms f time management. Too long an answer

for a three marks question will at bet get you three marks. A fifteen marks
question may need some explanation. So, write the appropriate length while
covering all relevant aspects of the question and avoid unnecessary details.
All skills of this exam do not necessarily come from reading of the text books alone.
A lot of non-curricular reading is essential to bring yourself at par with the best.
Develop reading habits by reading fiction, biographies and sports magazines—some
of them are suggested below:
 HOW TO GET RICH USING THE POWER OF YOUR MIND, by Harry Lorayne
 SMART MOVES, by Sam Deep and Lyle Sussman
 HOW TO READ A PERSON LIKE A BOOK, G.I.Nierenberg and H.H.Calero
 MICROSOFT OFFICE, by Joe Habraken
 How to solve your PERSONAL PROBLEMS, by Dr. C.S. Chopra
 30-DAYS TO A MORE POWERFUL VACUBLARY, by Dr. Wilfred funk & Norman
Lewis
 WHO IS WHO, by Dogar publications Lahore.
 ENGLISH CONVERSATION, by Gopal K. Puri
 THE PAKISTAN ACCOUNTANT( bi-monthly)
 READER’S DIGEST( monthly)
 TIME magazine (weekly)
 NEWSWEEK magazine (weekly)
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CA’s Lifestyle 54
3. Improve your vocabulary. When you read something and do not know the
meaning of the word, do not write its meaning in Urdu. Consult a dictionary, find
an easier English word as its meaning and note it down in English.
4. Developed the habit of thinking in English rather than translating your thoughts
from Urdu to English. It will save time for you in exams and the flow of thoughts
will be easier.
6.2 ARTICLE SHIP

Purchase booklet named” directory of firms and members” from any ICAP’s regional and
information centers or download information in .PDF format. One thing that need
clarification ICAP website is that each download-able material is provided in .PDF
format. Which mean this document will open only on your computer if you have
installed ADOBE ACROBATE reader software on your computer. Among students
taking article ship for the first time--there is less familiarity with the word Quality
Control Review (QCR) use with firms here it is briefed:
What is Quality Control Review?

ICAP began a quality control and professional standards compliance review program as
far back as 1986. It was started as a peer review by the firms but changed to an
independent program organized by the undertaken by full time employees of ICAP. It
has been very successful in bringing about a constructive change in the auditing
profession in accordance with modern day best practices and requirements. QCR of the
firms is undertaken by ICAP on a rotational basis whereby every firm is subjected to
review once in tow years. Both the State Bank of Pakistan and the SECP have made it
mandatory of the auditors to be appointed to undertake the audit of listed companies,
banks and financial institutions to have a valid and satisfactory QCR rating from ICAP at
the time of appointment.
“An annual AUDIT COMPLIANCE REVIEW checklist is required to be filed by

each practicing firm with ICAP. The reviews complied on a self-assessment basis are
crosschecked with the standard criteria developed by ICAP and a certificate issued to
respective firms if meeting the laid down requirements”
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6.3 RESUME AND COVER LETTER

For article ship and job after it you need to write in a Resume or Curriculum Vita listing
your professional education, experiences, distinctions and request for job or article ship.
Here is the suggested format that can be use as guideline:
SAMPLE APPLICATION LETTER
House #, Street No ,
Sector, City
DD/MM/YY
Partner
Chartered Accountants & Co
Islamabad
Dear Sir
ARTICLE SHIP WITH YOUR FIRM
With due respect, I would like to state that I have completed my Intermediate exams of Chartered
Accountancy and looking for article ship
Please consider this application for the article ship with your firm of Chartered Accountant.
The extensive courses of auditing, accounting, information technology, business communication

and law have given me the kind of skills and knowledge that you are probably looking in an
effective audit trainee.
Because “proven skills” are best explained in person, I would appreciate an interview with you.
Please let me know the day and time most convenient for you.
Sincerely
(Your Name)
Encls: Resume
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SAMPLE RESUME
Your Name/Father Name (Capital letters)

You’re Address
PHONE: 0000-0000000 E-Mail:abc@hotmail.com
OBJECTIVE Article ship
PROFESSIONAL Name of REAT

TRAINING Foundation Examination
Module A, (No of Attempts & session of passing)
Module B,
Intermediate Examination
Module C,
Module D,
Name of Institute
Bachelor in Commerce, (Passing Session)
Obtaining ---/1300 marks.(%)
Name of Institute
Diploma in Commerce, (Passing Session)
Obtaining ---/1400 marks(%)
Name of School
Metric with Science, (Passing Session)
Obtaining ---/850 marks (%)
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SKILLS AND
CAPABILITIES Communication and Interpersonal
 Presentation Skills Training Course(PSTC),
(REAT Name)
Marks obtain (----%)
Computer
 Course of Computer Practical Training(CCPT),
(REATs Name)
90-hours completed
HONORS AND Member(name of library)

ACTIVITIES Recipient of Merit Certificates given by (Institute) to
Who combine extracurricular activities and academic
Excellence.
PERSONAL DATA Religion : Islam Born : DD/MM/YY

Nationality : Pakistan
REFERENCES Name, designation, address and phone numbers

(Preferably Chartered Accountants)
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CHOOSING between CV and Resume
Remember that the terms ‘CV” and ‘resume’ are often confused. Confirm the
requirement the next time someone asks you for CV. A resume and a CV are actually
two different types of documents. Knowing the right use for each will save your time
and effort in your pursuits.
For small/medium level position use resume

A resume is a one to two page summary of your (1)work experience, (2)
accomplishments, (3) education and other pertinent topics such as(4) professional
associations and (5) special skills. There are even two styles of resumes:
 American style: It excludes personal information like marital status.

 International style: provide personal information. This style is preferred in
Pakistan.
For high-level position use curriculum vitae
A curriculum vitae or CV, on the other hand, is a more comprehensive document. It is
usually spread over multiple pages as it is much more detailed, and includes a listing of
your achievements—publications, presentations, research projects, academic work,
teaching experience and so on.
To summarize all this one must keep in mind the importance of mentioning references in
your CV even you have completed your CA Inter in first attempt. Further, it is better to
mention the name of a Chartered Accountant who has recommended you to do article
ship in a specified firm.
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6.4 INTERVIEWS AND TEST

(Published in April-May2004 issue)
We are expected to be accurate, reliable, effective and efficient in all the functions related
with our profession even for an INTERVIEW at the time of taking an Article ship with a
firm of Chartered Accountants with satisfactory Quality Control Review (QCR) or
applying for job after article ship.
Job interviews, for most of us, are intimidating; no one enjoys being judged and, possibly
rejected. Should we expect to be nervous about an up coming interview? Of course! It
is natural. Remember it’s often the degree of preparation that determines who gets the
job
In this article, a ten-step formula for every interview is suggested. These steps may help
every one to prepare well mannered interview to reap its positive effects on the day of
interview. These steps include:
STEP ONE: EMPLOYMENT INTERVIEWS
Job applicants generally face two kinds of interviews: Screening interviews and hiring
interviews. You must succeed in the first to proceed to the second.
Screening Interviews
These interviews are done by telephone for five minutes. Do not treat it casually. It is
not just another telephone call. If you do not perform well during the telephone
interview, it may be your last interview with that organization.
Have your (1)resume, (2)references, (3)calendar, (4) notepad near telephone and if they
call you when you are out from office or home, ask if you can call back in a few minutes
in your office or home
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Hiring Interviews
In hiring interviews, recruiters try to uncover negative information while candidates try to
minimize faults and emphasize strengths. The most promising candidates selected from
screening interviews will be invited to hiring interviews which may take any of following
forms:
1. One-on-One interviews are most common. You can expect to sit down with a
company representative and talk about the job and your qualification. If representation is
hiring manager, he or she will ask specific question or if he is from public relations then
his or her questions will be general.
2. Group interviews are often conducted by teams. Explain how you can contribute to
team efforts instead of emphasizing individual achievements.
3. Stress Interviews are meant to test your reactions. Rapid-fire questions are asked
from many directions; take the time to slow things down. For Example,” I would be
happy to answer your question, Mr. X but first I must finish responding to Mr. Y”. If
greeted with silence, you might say,” would you like me to begin the interview? Let me
tell you about myself”
STEP TWO: PROPECTIVE EMPLOYER
Researching an organization enlightens candidates and impresses recruiters. Study

company leaders, organizational strategies, finances, products, customers, competition,
and advertising. Research sources are categorized under respective heads:
1. Large Companies
Three methods to learn about large companies are (1) You can learn a great deal from
annul reports and financial disclosure reports, (2) Visit the web-sites of companies
bursting with juicy information, and (3) Call the receptionist or interviewer directly. Ask
what you can read to prepare you for the interview.
2. Small Companies
For smaller companies and those that are not publicly owned, you will probably have to
do a little more footwork. Sources of information are Libraries, newspapers, chamber of
commerce and business bureaus. The best source of inside information is company
employees.
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STEP THREE: PREPARING AND PRACTICING

After you have learned about the target organization, study the job description. It not
only helps you write a focused resume but also enables you to match your education,
experience, and interests with position you are applying. Itemize your (1) most strategic
skills, (2) greatest areas of knowledge, (3) strongest personality traits, and (4) Key
accomplishments and relate these with FAQ (discussed in step seven) in interview.
Recite your answers to typical questions (1) in front of mirror, (2) with a friend, (3) while
driving in your car. Expect to explain problem areas in your resume. For example, if you
have no or little experience, you might emphasize your up-to-date skills and recent
training.
STEP FOUR: SENDING POSITIVE NON-VERBAL MESSAGES

What comes from your mouth and what is written on you resume are not the only
messages an interviewer receives about you. Non-verbal messages also create powerful
impression on people. Send positive non-verbal message by:
 Arrive 5-minutes early from interview time.
 Find the location on a trail run a few days before the interview so that you know
where to park, how much time drive takes, and what office to find.
 Be courteous to every one even to security guard, receptionist, and to anyone
meets before and after the interview.
 Dress professionally. Two piece business suits are recommended.
 Greet the interviews “I am happy to meet you Mr. X, I am Mr. Y.”
 Wait for the interviewer to offer you a chair.
 Control body movements, do not lean forward. Sit erect; keep your feet on floor.
STEP FIVE: FIGHTING FEAR

Expect to be nervous. It is natural! One of the best ways to overcome fear is to know
what happens in a typical interview; generally it goes through 9-ways. Consult any good
book to read about that.
STEP SIX: ANSWERING QUESTIONS

Use the interviewers name and title from time to time when you answerer: “Mr. Z I would
be pleased to tell you about……” To clarify vague questions ask:” By----------do you
mean----------? “And consider some of your responses with: “Does that answer your
question? Avoid (1) slurring words like gonna and din’t, (2) slangy expressions such as
yeah, like and you know, and (3) verbal statics like ah, uh, and.
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STEP SEVEN: ALL TIME FAVOURITE QUESTIONS
Hiring interviews are all about questions. You can anticipate 90 to 95 percent of all
questions you will be asked in an interview:
Personal Questions: After opening introductions, recruiters generally try to start with
personal questions to put candidates at ease. Same way strive to see whether he or she fit
into the organization culture. Personal questions are:
 Tell me about yourself.
Try practicing this formula: “My name is--------------. I have completed------------
degree. Recently I worked for--------------------as a---------. Before that I worked
for-----------------as a--------------. My strengths are--------- (interpersonal) --------
-- (technical).
 Do you prefer to work by yourself or with others? Why?
 What are some things you do in your spare time? Hobbies? Sports?
 How did you happen to apply for this job?
 What particular qualification do you have for this job?
Experience and Accomplishment questions: These questions are asked after

questioning about your background and education.
 Why should we hire you when we have applicants with more experience?
Emphasize that you are open to new ideas and learning quickly.
 Tell me about your part-time jobs, internships, or there experience?
 What was a typical work day like?
 Why did you change jobs?
Questions about your future: These questions stump some candidates. When asked
about the future, show ambition and interest in succeeding with this company.
 Where do you expect to be five years from now? (Show interest in current job
and succession in organization without mentioning designation)
 This is a large organization do you think you would like that environment? 3. If
you were aware to a co-worker was falsifying date, what would you do?
 If your supervisor was dissatisfied with your work and you think it was
acceptable, how would you resolve the conflict?
Questions about your key weaknesses: Strive to covert discussion of your weaknesses
to topics that who your strengths in three ways, (1) mention corrected weakness” I found
that I really needed to learn about computer, so I took a course, (2) site learning
objective” One of my long term goals is to learn more about………….., (3) reaffirm your
qualifications” I have no weaknesses that affect my ability to do this job”.
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Questions about Money: Although money is a very important consideration, do not let
it enter the interview process too soon. Typical question is How much money are you
looking for?(defer a discussion of salary until late in the interview when you know more
about the job and whether it will be offered to you or not by” I am sure when the time
comes, we will be able to work out a fair compensation package. Right now, I would
rather focus on whether we have a match.”
STEP EIGHT: QUESTIONS FOR YOU TO ASK

Your questions should impress the interviewer but also provide valuable information
about the job. Use this opportunity to find out whether this job is right for you.
 Tell me what it is like working here in terms of the people, management practices,
work loads, expected performance, and rewards.
 What training programs are available from this organization? What specific
training will be given for this position?
 Who would be immediate supervisor?
 What are the major challenges for a person in this position?
STEP NINE: FIELDING ILLEGAL QUESTIONS

You may respond to an illegal question for example recruiter asked about (1) corrected
vision, (2)marital status, (3) arrests,(4)age and date of birth,(5)children’s,(6)rented or
owned home. Then by asking tactful low it relates to the responsibilities of the position”
could you tell me how my-------------relates to the responsibilities of this position?
STEP TEN: CLOSING THE INTERVIEW

End the interview by thanking the interviewer, reviewing your strengths the position and
asking what action will follow” when can I expect to hear from you? You can follow this
by saying, “If I do not hear from you by then may I call you?” If you do not hear from
the recruiter within five days call him or her by saying” I am wondering what else I can
do to convince you that I am the right person for this job”
CONCLUSION
Very often the difference between the person hired and the person rejected is not who the
better candidate is but who is better prepared for the interview. Careers can be made and
lost at that point alone
Phases for getting a job are as follows: (1) Search the Job Market, (2) Design a
persuasive resume and cover letter, (3) interview with companies, (4) interview follow up
letter, (5) rejection follow up letter. For further help consult relevant section of any book
on business communication.
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TEST FOR ARTICLESHIP
There are two types of tests in every Firm of Chartered Accountants at the time of taking
Articleship.
First Test: Subject Specific

Generally, after two weeks of depositing CV you receive a call for interview, never
expect and E-mail or Registered Mail for your interview. It is important to mention your
local contact number to inform you about interview. Avoid providing long distance call
numbers or mobile numbers on your CV. First test with MANAGER of Audit Section is
generally based on subject where you find yourself attacked by number of question time.
Second Test: IQ level (general topics of interest)

Second test is PURELY covers general topics or topics of interest mentioned on your
CV. These tests are generally to test the common sense and IQ level of trainee student.
Use above mentioned interview techniques to avoid embracement. Here is the guide line
for first test:
SUBJECT DETAIL OF CONTENTS
Quantitative Methods  Financial Mathematics

 Probability(definition
and importance)
 Sampling(definition and
importance)
Economics  Differentiate between

Micro and Macro
Economics
 Definition of monopoly,
oligopolies
 Definition of GDP,
GNP and NNP
 Inflation(definition and
types)
 Foreign Exchange
Rates(fixed and
Floating)
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Introduction to Financial  Accounting

Accounting Theory(complete
including IAS-1)
 Computers and
Accounting(know how
of SAGE or other
accounting software’s)
 Bank Reconciliation
Statement(just review
the entries like
“unperfected or
unaccredited cheques”
and their treatment
 Trail Balance(errors and
Suspense account)
 Joint Venture(concept
and do one question
 Good will concept and
calculation methods
only.
Financial Accounting  Accounts of Limited
Companies(IAS-1 and
Schedule 4&5 of
Companies Ordinance,
1984)
 IAS 2,16,8,10,9,23,37
and 38
 Lease(calculation of
installment and interest
only not the whole
question required)
Company Law  Preliminary(Definitions)
 Management and
Administration(complet
e)
Auditing Complete Syllabus at
Intermediate Stage.
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6.5 Training and Module E and F

Hands on training with a firm of Chartered Accounts, duly approved by ICAP to provide
training, for a period of 4 to 5 years are mandatory. Audit firms of today not only expect
sound technical skills from their accountants but also want them to project a certain
IMAGE of the organization they represent. This IMAGE is projected in the form of:
(1) Dressing(already covered)
(2) Conversational skills
(3) Presentation skills(already covered)
(4) Social etiquette
(5) Dining etiquette
Conversational skills
Let us come with the fact that English is not our mother tongue. If you are comfortable
speaking English, do so, otherwise stick to Urdu rather speaking bad English that will
leave a bad impression on everyone who listens to it.
Basics of English Speaking
Tongue Twisters (Pronounce them loudly and repeatedly to clear you English accent)
1. The thirty three thieves thought that they thrilled the throne throughout Thursday.
2. Can you can a can as a canner cans a can?
3. Six sick siks nick six slicks bricks with picks and sticks.
4. I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes,
I would not wish the wish you wish to wish.
5. Six sleek swans swam swiftly southwards.
6. How many cookies could a good cook cook if a good cook could cook cookies? A
good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies.
7. Four furious friends fought for the phone.
8. I thought, I thought of thinking of thanking you.
9. I wish your were a fish in my dish
10. If you notice this notice, you will notice that this notice is not worth noticing.
11. If Kantie can tie a tie and untie a tie, why can not I tie a tie and untie a tie like
Kantie can.
12. Whether the weather be fine or whether the weather be not whether the weather
be cold or whether the weather be hot we will weather the weather whether we
like it or not.
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SPEECH ACTS
(Use them in daily life to overcome your fear to speak English)
Event Detail of Event Appropriate Sentences

Meeting
Greeting Remarks
Morning “Good Morning”
From 12 pm to 5 pm “Good Afternoon”
From 6 pm to 7 pm “Good Evening”
Before Sleep “Good Night(Office), Sweet
Dreams(home)
Central Greeting
Asking about health “How is Life/What’s up”
“Pretty fair/fine”
Respond to Question
“Not So Bad”
If you are not feeling good
Ending Remarks
“I have to go now”
To end talk
“I will be back in a moment”
Leaving for bath or for
other work during talk “Bye, See you soon/Take
care, Bye”
End of Meeting
Introduction with Others Your own introduction “May I introduce my self I

am……..”
Introducing self on “Hello? Good
Telephone Morning/Afternoon/Evening/
This is… (Name) speaking.”
“I would like to
Introducing your fellow to introduce……. /May I
other person introduce Mr. /Ms…….”
Introducing your child “Have you met my…….”
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CA’s Lifestyle 68
Between Talk If you do not listen “What did you say/Excuse

properly me/Sorry/I beg your pardon”
Learn about bad thing “Very sorry to hear

happen with your fellow about………”
Words use in meeting on “Accept my heart felt

the death of someone condolences”
Complaining something “I want to complain

about…….”
Reminding others “ do not forget to call me at
five in the evening”
For Accepting Mistake “I apologies /I am sorry”
In response to sorry “Forget it/That is okay”
Thanking other person “Thanks/thank you very

much/thanks a lot”
In response to thank you “You are welcome/no

mention please/my pleasure”
Deny and Agree Deny something to do. “I am sorry. I can

not………..”
Deny to let money “I am sorry”
Agree to do something “Yes, of course/ Why not/By
all means”
Encourage on something “well done/keep it up/first
done properly class”
Agree to do in future “later/tomorrow/the day after

tomorrow/next day/next
Sunday/next week/next
month/next year.”(Do not
use “the” with next.
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Sure or Doubts If you are not sure about “I am not sure/I do not think
work so/I doubt it”
If you are not sure about “he must be joking/she must

any news have forgotten”
Advice or suggestion “why do not you consult
some doctor/why should not
eat too much/ you ought not
to get up late”
If you have confirmed “I am quite sure/there is no
information doubt in my mind
about……”
Resist on wrong “Sorry, that is not right/No,

information that’s all wrong/That’s
rubbish!”
Expressing Feelings For place “Fantastic!”
For meal “Delicious!”
For Fellow “Very cooperative/helpful!”
For Scenery “Fascinating!”
For Building “Magnificent! /Splendid!”
For News “Exciting!/Wonderful”
For Idea and Dress “Superb!”
For boring or un interesting “How boring/it really turns

me off/I am fed up with…/to
be frank, I find it very
interesting”
Use of Certain Words Well-is use to express idea “Well, I do not know if I
believe it or not.”
You know—is use to “Have you ever seen that
remind something. film? You know the one I
talked about last night.”
I mean/You see—are use “It is not easy to come to the

to explain particular point party. You see, I work in the
evenings. / It is difficult
word to explain, I mean; it
has got so many meanings.
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Enquiry Enquire about something “I would like to know, please

where is the…….? /excuse
me, do you know……….?
“yes, I do know…….?or “I
In reply to enquiry have no idea/I do not know”
“What do you think of……?

Ask other to express his / what about…….?”
feeling
“I love it/ I like it”
Positive response
“ I think it is all right”
Half hearted positive
response
“I hate it”
Negative Response
“it is not too bad”
Half heated negative
response
Special Occasions Enquire on loss, death, “How do you feel…? /Are
illness you okay? /Are you
worried…? / You look
somewhat nervous…, are
you?”
Expressing worries “I am very concerned
about…../ I am worried
about….”
Console others “Everything will be

okay….do not worry
about….”
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Expressing Wish Need some thing “I need…. / I want…../I

would like to have a cup of
tea.”
Wishing occasions “Happy birthday! /Eid
Mubarak! /Happy New
Year! ----Reply as---“thank
you and the same to you!”
Wishing good each day “All the best!/Good

Luck!/Get well soon!/Have a
pleasant journey/Have a
good time/weekend/day”---
Reply as---thank you very
much”
Invitation/Offer Inviting someone “would you like to join me
for a cup of tea”
Accepting Invitation “with pleasures/that would

be very nice/I would not say
no”
Deny invitation “Sorry, I can not. But thanks
anyway.”
Offering something “Can I offer you a biscuit?
/would you like….? /please
take….?”—Reply as—
Thank you or No, thanks”
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Opinions Asking someone to “What do you think/feel

comment about…. /what is your
opinion about…….? /what is
your reaction to….?”
Expressing opinion “In my

opinion/view…/personally I
feel/believe…..”
Expressing Ideas “I am going to ……/I have
decided to ……/ I am
planning to ……..”
Deny to give opinion “No comment/it is difficult

to give an opinion right
now/it is difficult to say…..”
Help Offering help “Anything I can do for you?

/Need some help? /Can I
help you?”
Accept offer of help “Oh, yes please/ That is very

kind of you”
Deny to accept offer “No, it is all right/No, I can

manage it myself”
Permission Asking about permission “Do you have any objection

if……? May/Can I
Please……?”
Granting permission “Of course/Sure/Yes, why

not? /Have no objection.”
Deny to Permit “No, I can not let you/That’s

not allowed/I do not have the
authority to allow you”
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Social Etiquette
The way you interact with people says a lot about you, your family and the audit firm that
you represent. And etiquette extends both up and down the corporate ladder and it does
not exclude receptionists and support staff.
 Organization environment. Is yours a traditional company with closed doors,
neckties, and formal memos? Or does it have an “open door” policy where
anyone can talk to anyone at anytime. Understanding this can create good
image of you in the company.
 Cooperative Behavior. Even if you do not like someone but you have to work
with him anyway. Try to be friendly to everyone and not make any personal
judgments, at least initially. Remember that a little friendly attitude and humor
can go a long way toward easing friction and resolving problems.
 Attitude towards Technology. Mobile phones should either be switched off or
put on silent mode and selecting vibration alert option when you are in a
meeting, seminar, or a conference. Answering a call during a meeting is
unprofessional and amounts to insulting others.
 Punctuality. It has to be appreciated that professional work environment is not
an evening party where arriving late could be termed as fashionable or
excusable. An efficient worker is one who comes in on time. A latecomer is
always considered an irresponsible person.
Dining etiquette.
People do notice how you eat your food and how you pay for it. Therefore it is important
that civilized behavior is displayed whenever you are dining out by conducting himself
like a true professional and a gentleman.
One very common problem among people is ignorance of using Fork and Knife and
making a cup of Separate Tea or Coffee. What is the solution to this Dilemma? Set a
meeting with someone who know these etiquettes well for example any army personnel
in your family, to whom dining etiquettes are specifically taught at the entry level of
PMA.
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Is it Really Difficult to Pass Professional Exams?
Being a part qualified Chartered Accountant can sometimes feel like a life sentence
because trainees, who have failed to pass or about to take exams in next attempt,
generally complaint that they do not have enough time to study for Module E & F after
leaving audit firm/Clients for home.
I strongly resist to this statement and believe that “whenever there is a will, there is a
way”. It is not a matter of time management; it’s more of self management. Just take an
example. What are your interests in your life? Just name one of the activities you like to
do most, listening to music, watching movie, gardening etc? You have time for all these
activities. Why? Because you like them. Similarly, if one likes taking examinations, it
will suddenly become easier. Imagine: no examination after completion of Module E
and F. Why not give it a shot? Why not try?
Following are some of the technique you must use throughout your training period to
easily pass professional exams:
 Construct an affirmation ( a positive sentence ) such as, ‘I can, I am able, it is

possible, it can be done,’etc. Repeat this affirmation to yourself several times a
day. It will help you get into a positive mindset, and motivate you.
 Write down a paragraph confirming these positive messages. For example: ‘My
exam technique is improving every day, I am becoming more confident and I am
not worried about exam day. I am learning more and more each day, and I am
remembering it.’ Carry a piece of paper with your messages on, looking at it
whenever you need a boost.
 If there is someone in your life who is negative about you, or tells you that you
can not achieve your goal, AVOID their company. I always use this
technique…………….. If that is not possible, like if you have to work with them
in different audit assignments at clients or need interaction in AUDIT hall then
simply keep repeating your affirmation to yourself, and learn to ignore their
negativity and let them free what they are……………….who care !!!!!
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7. CAREER PLANNING
7.1 HOW TO MAKE YOURSELF PROMOTABLE:
You want a promotion at work and want to make sure your boss thinks of you when an
opening comes up? Try the following strategies to make yourself the No. 1 choice:
1. Do not wait for the job vacancy. Pave the way by making sure your boss knows
you want more responsibility.
2. Employee need to treat their own company as client. In order to stay competitive,
inform your employer of your competencies and your talents.
3. Prepare for position you are interested in. If you are going for a job in a foreign
country, begin taking language class before any opportunity presents itself. Think
about portability.
4. Likewise, do not let a company know your are interested in a forgiven post if you
can not do it. You could, though, tell them you can not do it. That’s helps them
know where they can promote you.
5. Follow through in every commitment made to your boss, colleagues or anyone
else
7.2 THE WORST CAREER LIMITING MOVES:
Make these mistakes and you may be kissing your career goodbye.
1. Garbage in, user out: Using your office computer inappropriately is an easy exit
strategy. That means surfing the internet during work hours. Do not exchange
highly personal e-mails either.
2. Biting the hand that pays you. Embarrass your boss regularly, by using “reply
all” function in your computer to answer your supervisor’s call for frank
feedback. Do not talk about performance of colleagues.
3. A round hole takes a round peg. Clash as obviously as possible with your work
place culture and everyone will start to wonder why you were here. Informally
and formally, every workplace dictates how employee should dress, what they
can discuss in the canteen and how they treat clients and colleagues. Know the
culture and make it second nature.
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CA’s Lifestyle 76
4. What, I study? Position yourself as an expert who no longer needs instructions
or correction no matter how senior you are. Express” I do not take courses any
more---I give them”
5. Be you ever so humble. Keep quiet about you accomplishments and you may
convince your bosses there are not any worth talking about.
6. It was not me. Refuse to admit your mistakes and you could fine yourself telling
it to the judge. Employers are not impressed when you deny, deny, deny, and
then week later, relent and say, “Oh, yeah. Uh………sorry.”
Sometimes people with their hearts set on a path forget why chose that route. So
forgoing career limiting moves are for them to lose their job to get better one with careful
planning of their career.
7.3 ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE FOR CA’s

Demonstration of sound communication AND cents of other skills is very important to go
ahead of your colleagues and keep going in your professional career. Fortunately, there
is a compact disk (CD) available at the software CD shops and shopping malls namely
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANT 2004, the best accounting software for chartered
accountants. Make a habit to use and master each and every topic on that CD.
Also, we can take great benefit from Microsoft ®PowerPoint because from time to time
we need to deliver presentations on variety of subjects. An excellent way is to use
templates and wizards of POWERPOINT facility in your computer by using following
techniques. You just need to make your presentation and take print outs and photo-copy
these print outs on lamination papers available at stationary shops and rest of work is just
to place your pages on projector slide show. (In PSTC you might learn to use a projector)
and for giving presentations on multimedia you need to take copy of presentation on
floppy disk rather to print out; later floppy will be use in CPU attach to multimedia
device.
Introduction
Discuss examples of the worst presentations you have seen-or been involved in
 What in particular made the presentation ineffective?
 How did the participants react?
Think about your own presentation style, either in relation to presentations you have
made recently, or based on your own self-awareness in terms of presentations you know
you may have to make in the future.
Spend approximately five minutes making notes about your own specific strengths and
weakness related to presentations. This way you will avoid certain shortcomings in your
presentations.
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Writing a Presentation
There are very clear differences in approach between writing a report and writing a
presentation. While both reports and presentations have need for research, accuracy and
appeal, a presentation is by its nature more conversational in style, and less densely
packed in contents.
The clearest way to think about is that reports are read and presentations are listened to.
The person reading a report can skip backwards and forwards, re-read to check
understanding, or absorb the information in comfortable chunks. If you are listening to a
presentation, you are essentially trapped, and at the mercy of the presenter.
We need to think about these differences mean in terms of approaching the writing of a
presentation.
Delivery of Presentation
Are you nervous for an upcoming presentation, yes it is obvious! The state that tends to
call nerves is something that the most experienced percentages suffer from. The chief
enemy is tension, which will ruin your posture and your voice, and limit your
spontaneity. A tense throat will reduce the range and quality of your voice; tense
shoulders will limit the flexibility, literally, of your posture; and tension in legs can lead
to shaking and general unsteadiness.
Tension can be reduced by following a personal set of relaxation exercises. What works
for one person would not necessarily be right for someone else, but the exercises in the
section on breathing should be a good starting point.
Actors recognize that nerves can have the positive effect of sharpening you up and
heightening your awareness. Adrenalin is responsible for this. It’s what is called the
fight or flight syndrome, a left over from the Stone Age when our primitive ancestors,
faced with ganger, would be given a rush of energy to either fight the danger or run away.
We can use that same dynamic energy to bring an edge to our presentations.
Do not fight nerves, welcome them. Then you can get on with your presentation rather
than thinking” I am nervous.”
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The nature of an audience

Even though no two audiences are ever completely alike in their reactions, whether to a
play, a concert, or a presentation, there are still many ways in which audiences are
similar.
There are several generalizations we can make about audiences:
 Audience is lazy. It is absolutely vital than when making presentations you try to
exude an air of confidence, so that the audiences has confidence in you. The
other essential is to make sure you are audible: an audience that has to work to
hear you will not bother for long.
 An audience is a collection of individuals. They may behave as a group, but
each one of them is expecting you to make contact with them. It is terribly easy
to feel left out if you are being presented to and the presenter seems to be looking
more often at the others.
 Audiences are easily bored. You need to use all the techniques at your disposal
to maintain interest. This does not automatically mean visual pyrotechnics: a
carefully prepared, well paced script may do the job just as well. Delivering your
presentation with energy and enthusiasm will excite your audience. If you seem
bored, they will become bored.
 Audience is not stupid: they know when they are being conned, and they when
you are not sure of yourself. So always rehearse: there is no substitute!
Dealing with questions
Handling questions is one of those things which most presenters could happily do
without. But the fact is that it is never very pleasant laying yourself open to the
possibility of having your areas of ignorance exposed, or your views publicly challenged.
Always make sure you allow time for questions at the end. When inviting questions,
avoid leaping strain on if nobody appears forthcoming. And if some body needs
clarification make it clear there will be a chance for questions at the end.
Remember that audiences are lazy, and be visibly confident when giving your answers.
Always make sure you listen to the question being asked. If you are nervous, you may
find you have missed everything the questioner said, “Ask them to clarify what they
mean rather to apologize for not getting any thing”
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Giving Answer
Stay calm if a questioner takes issues with something you have said. Try and find a way
of agreeing with part of their argument before either restating your position or modifying
it to take account of their objection. Make use of phrases such as:
“I am glad you raised that point, but………”
“Yes, I understand what you are saying ………..”
The best thing to do is to praise their point and agree with them if at all possible—
otherwise you run the risk of alienating them by making them look foolish.
7.4 CAREER PLANNING
We need to see here that a career is an integral component of our life. It will be a mistake
if we were planning our career without planning our life. We need to do some homework
in terms of defining our career span and personal goals before we move on to draw a life-
career plan.
STEP1. Find out Career Span
We can start from assuming that we will be lucky to retire at the age of sixty (60).
Subtracting your current-age from this number will be your career-span for which one
needs to plan.
STEP2. Identify Personal Goals.

Personal goals vary from time to time during mid-part of career financial security will be
our first priority but not necessarily so for a person with a matured career.
 VIEW POINT 1--Purpose of life to spend your life according to the way your
religion tells you and in doing so you can achieve financial security very well.
 VIEW POINT 2—purpose of life to be happy and satisfied mentally and
financially. You should do what makes you happy.
STEP 3 Career and Life plan

What do you do?
What we expect out of our life and what price we are ready to pay for it. For example,
your job requires working late hours making you frequently miss family occasions.
What should you do?

Should an individual go for something even if that is not capable of providing the
financial security for himself and his family? Suppose that you like helping people and
would like to work for a non-commercial organization but that is less remunerative than
another offer of joining a commercial organization in cutthroat competition.
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What do you do? Would you compromise?

An important aspect of one’s nature to consider in preparing a career plan are the
principles, which influence personal behavior and hence goals. Suppose you find it
difficult to lie but you find yourself in job situation where you can not speak truth. For
example, you are a finance manager, your company is having cash flow problems and a
vendor calls you to pay.
What would you do if you get a job offer from a conventional Bank?
Suppose you believe that the conventional banking system is not according to the tenants
of Islam.
With a plan in place, the individual can then go on to search for career options, which are
closely aligned to personal goals. The purpose of career planning is to make one’s career
enriching and a pleasant experience.
Plan your career very carefully. Whether you like to settle and work abroad or like to
continue your practice in Pakistan. By June 30, 2002 members of Institute of Chartered
Accountants of Pakistan were 3036, of whom 584 resides outside Pakistan while
remaining 2452 resides in Pakistan. It’s a globalize world, people can work together, no
matter where they live. In a time of porous borders, e-mail and overnight flights to
anywhere, if you decided to work abroad then take concrete steps yourself rather to rely
completely on Agents……suicide!!!
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8. FAMILY AND YOU

How far you went in life, how much money you earned how big a name you made for
yourself. What really mattered were family and the love you had for one another. The
most important day of your life was not graduation from college or your first day at work
or a raise or even your first house. The most important day of your life was when you got
married. Or if you are still bachelor then never mind………hope for the best! It was that
day that all your friends and all your family got together to celebrate the most important
thing in life: your happiness-your ability to make a new home, to form a new but
connected family, to find love that put everything else into perspective.
8.1 MARRIAGE MYTHS AND STRONG FAMILIES

According to study of the life of CA’s, it is observed that the CA’s who looks very
reserved at first sight are very successful in their marriage life. How do they do that?
Very simple—One of my teachers repeat one phrase again and again during lectures that
“Professional are not humans” because Professionals never discussed their real life. They
immersed their selves in schoolwork, the debate team, computer games, listening to
music, watching movies, and anything to give them an excuse not to confront reality. At
last they need somebody at the later stage of CA to break this secretive shell to make
sense they are part of a very powerful society and to eliminate the feeling they are not
frog of a well anymore.
Do you like to have a successful marriage life…….yes it is all about perfect relationship?
But here are some classic misconceptions about the perfect relationships:
It’s a meeting of minds. None of us can truly understand how our spouse views the
world because we are genetically and historically different. While it is good to try to see
things through each other’s eyes.
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It needs amazing romance. Being in love is not like falling in love; such intense
feelings can not last. Your relationship is not lackluster because the initial spark is
missing. Move instead to the next stage of love- an abiding commitment.
It means you solve all problems. Few real conflicts in a marriage ever get resolved.
That would mean one of you sacrificing your beliefs, and why should one opinion be
more important than the other? Healthy couples simply agree to disagree.
It is peaceful. Arguing can actually help a relationship by releasing tension. What is

more critical is how you argue: attacking the other person’s worth is destructive, as is
arguing simply because your daily life together is not stimulating enough.
It has nothing to do with need of each other. This will lead to anxiety or destructive
behavior. There must be satisfaction of affection motive, a chemistry that makes you
recognize you are more than friends. You are mates.
The secrets of Strong Families
1. Communication: the best type of communication in families is positive, open,

and honest and, in some cases, laced with humor.
2. Togetherness. Strong families share” invisible glue,” giving them a firm sense of
belonging. When someone in the family has a problem, all pull together to find
the solution.
3. Sharing Activities: Strong families choose to play together like skating, camping,
walking, swimming etc. This will help children’s to catch the idea of strong
family bonds.
4. Affection. Members regularly show each other they care. For example. A
question about how things are going and being genuinely interested in the answer.
5. Support: They are comfortable offering or seeking support. If any family
member has a challenge, there are other family members to listen advice and
support.
6. Acceptance: Members value acknowledges and tolerates each other.
7. Commitment. The wellbeing of the family is a high priority.
8. Resilience. Reacting to challenges in a positive way is essential.
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8.2 DINING ETIQUETTE

I spent tens of thousands of Rupees and some of the best years of my life on a university
education. But it took just three hours and Rs.150 to learn some of life's most valuable
social skills — dinner-table etiquette. If etiquette is so important and is expected at the
dinner table, then why do so many university-educated students know so little about it? "I
think in this day and age people are focused on the (more) superficial aspects of everyday
life."
HOW TO USE A NAPKIN
The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the
same. Place your napkin on your lap, completely unfolded if it is a small luncheon napkin
or in half, lengthwise, if it is a large dinner napkin. Typically, you want to put your
napkin on your lap soon after sitting down at the table (but follow your host's lead). At
some very formal restaurants, the waiter may do this for the diners, but it is not
appropriate to place your own napkin in your lap, even when this is the case. If your
napkin falls on the floor during a very formal event, do not retrieve it. You should be
able to signal a member of the serving staff that you need a fresh one.
The napkin remains on your lap throughout the entire meal and should be used to gently
blot your mouth when needed. If you need to leave the table during the meal, place your
napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. The host will
signal the end of the meal by placing his or her napkin on the table. Once the meal is
over, you too should place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner
plate. (Do not refold your napkin, but don't wad it up, either.)
HOW TO ORDER
If, after looking over the menu, there are items you are uncertain about, ask your server
any questions you may have. Answering your questions is part of the server's job. It is
better to find out before you order that a dish is prepared with something you do not like
or are allergic to than to spend the entire meal picking tentatively at your food.
An employer will generally suggest that your order be taken first; his or her order will be
taken last. Sometimes, however, the server will decide how the ordering will proceed.
Often, women's orders are taken before men's.
As a guest, you should not order one of the most expensive items on the menu or more
than two courses unless your host indicates that it is all right. If the host says, "I'm going
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to try this delicious sounding cheesecake; why don't you try dessert too," or "The prime
rib is the specialty here; I think you'd enjoy it," then it is all right to order that item if you
would like.
CA’s Lifestyle 84
READING THE TABLE SETTINGS
Should you be attending a formal dinner or banquet with pre-set place settings, it is
possible to gain clues about what may be served by "reading" the place setting. Start by
drawing an imaginary line through the center of the serving plate (the plate will be placed
in the center of your dining space). To the right of this imaginary line all of the following
will be placed; glassware, cup and saucer, knives, and spoons, as well as seafood fork if
the meal includes seafood. It is important to place the glassware or cup back in the same
position after its use in order to maintain the visual presence of the table. To the left of
this imaginary line all of the following will be placed; bread and butter plate (including
small butter knife placed horizontally across the top of the plate), salad plate, napkin, and
forks. Remembering the rule of "liquids on your right" and "solids on your left" will help
in allowing you to quickly become familiar with the place setting
HOW TO USE A KNIEF, FORK AND SPOON
Use of Silverware Choosing the correct silverware from the variety in front of you is not
as difficult as it may first appear. Starting with the knife, fork, or spoon that is farthest
from your plate, work your way in, using one utensil for each course. The salad fork is on
your outermost left, followed by your dinner fork. Your soupspoon is on your outermost
right, followed by your beverage spoon, salad knife and dinner knife. Your dessert spoon
and fork are above your plate or brought out with dessert. If you remember the rule to
work from the outside in, you'll be fine.
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Holding a Utensil In general use, both spoon and fork are held horizontally by balancing
them between the first knuckle of the middle finger and the tip of the index finger while
the thumb steadies the handle. The knife is used with the tip of the index finger gently
pressing out over the top of the blade to guide as you cut.
There are two ways to use a knife and fork to cut and eat your food. They are the
American style and the European or Continental style. Either style is considered
appropriate. In the American style, one cuts the food by holding the knife in the right
hand and the fork in the left hand with the fork tines piercing the food to secure it on the
plate. Cut a few bite-size pieces of food, and then lay your knife across the top edge of
your plate with the sharp edge of the blade facing in. Change your fork from your left to
your right hand to eat, fork tines facing up. (If you are left-handed, keep your fork in your
left hand, tines facing up.) The European or Continental style is the same as the American
style in that you cut your meat by holding your knife in your right hand while securing
your food with your fork in your left hand. The difference is your fork remains in your
left hand, tines facing down, and the knife in your right hand. Simply eat the cut pieces of
food by picking them up with your fork still in your left hand.
At the end of a course, a utensil must not be left in any dish that is not flat -- the soup
bowl, for example, or a shrimp cocktail dish, a teacup or a parfait glass. All these items
are usually presented with a plate underneath the bowl or cup, on which the utensil must
be placed after use.
FOODS THAT YOU CAN EAT WITH YOUR FINGERS
Bread
Bread must always be broken, never cut with a knife. Tear off a piece that is no bigger
than two bites worth and eat that before tearing off another. If butter is provided (and at
formal events it customarily is not), butter the small piece just before eating it. There is
an exception to this rule: if you are served a hot roll, it is permissible to tear (not cut) the
whole roll lengthwise down the middle and place a pat of butter inside to melt.
Cookies
It is never necessary to try to eat the cookie that comes as a garnish to your dessert with a
spoon. Unless it has fallen so far into the chocolate sauce that there isn't a clean corner by
which to pick it up.
Chips, French Fries, Fried Chicken, and Hamburgers

All these items (which could also probably be classified as "fast foods") simply will not
be served in a formal setting. Most are intended to be eaten with the hands, although a
particularly messy hamburger could be approached with fork and knife, and steak fries
(the thick-cut, less crispy variety) may be best eaten with a fork.
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Sandwiches
The straightforward sandwich -- that is, any sandwich that is not open-faced, not too tall
to fit in the mouth, not saturated with dripping sauces or loaded with mushy fillings -- is
intended to be picked up and eaten. Otherwise use fork and knife.
Small Fruits and Berries on the Stem

If you are served strawberries with the hulls on, cherries with stems or grapes in bunch,
then it is okay to eat them with your fingers. Otherwise, as with all berries, the utensil of
choice is a spoon. In the case of grapes, you may encounter a special scissors, to be used
to cut off a small cluster from the bunch. If not, tear a portion from the whole, rather than
plucking off single grapes, which leaves a cluster of unattractive bare stems on the
serving platter.
BASIC TABLE MANNERS
Eating (Things you should do):-
 If you are at a dinner party wait until your host(ess) starts eating or indicates you
should do so.
 Chew and swallow all the food in your mouth before taking more or taking a
drink.
 Break bread and rolls with your fingers not with your knife.
 Break off a small piece of bread (or roll and butter it. Do not butter the whole
slice or half a roll at one time.
 You may use a piece of bread on a fork to soak up sauce or gravy. Never hold the
bread in your fingers to do this.
 Only clear consommé should be drunk directly from the soup bowl, and then only
if it has handles.
 You may eat chicken and pizza with your fingers if you are at a barbecue, finger
buffet or very informal setting. Otherwise always use a knife and fork.
 If you are served a certain food in someone’s home that you really dislike, rather
than protesting, just leave it on your plat. If anyone ask why you did not touch
your food, just say” I am not hungry” instead of “I hate the fish”.
 It is best to order foods that can be eaten with a knife and fork. Fingers foods can
be messy and are best left for informal dining.
 Adding sauces and spices can be ill-mannered: It is an insult to pour sauce, salt or
pepper all over your food before you even tasted it
 If foods spills off your plate, you may pick it up with a piece of your silverware
and place it on the edge of your plate.
 Never spit a piece of bad food or tough gristle into your napkin. Remove the food
from your mouth using the same utensil it went in with and place the piece of
food on the edge of your plate.
 Slurping-do not!!! Drinking soup or eating noodles-be quiet.
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Things you should not do:-
 Never chew with your mouth open.

 Never talk with food in your mouth.
 Never put too much food in your mouth.
 Never mash or mix food on your plate.
 Do not blow on hot food or drink.
 Do not sip from a coffee spoon or teaspoon.
 Never use your fingers to push food onto your spoon or fork.
 Do not play with table utensils or crumble the bread.
 Never, if possible cough or sneeze at the table.
 Tea or coffee should never be poured into the saucer to cool, but sipped from the
cup.
Passing dishes and food (Things you should do):-
 Soup spoons, coffee spoons, and dessert spoons should be placed on the service
plate or saucer when you are finished eating. Never leave them in the bowl, cup
etc.
 Always pass to the right.
 Initiate the passing of rolls, butter, and condiments even if you do not want any.
 Pass jugs, gravy boats etc. with the handle toward the recipient.
 If you need something that you can not reach easily, politely ask the person
closest to the item you need to pass it to you. Say ”Please” when you request for
something and say ”Thank you” when you receive something.
 Never reach across the table. If anything isn't directly in front of you, ask for it to
be passed.
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Posture and behavior(Things you should do):-
 When being entertained at someone's home it is nice to take a gift for the host and
hostess. A bunch of flowers or chocolates are all acceptable.
 On arrival in a restaurant or at a formal function give your coat to the waiter,
never hang it on the back of your chair. If in doubt ask your host(ess).
 When you wish to use the toilet, excuse yourself and leave quietly. Do not ask
people where they are going if they excuse themselves, say, “Excuse me for a
moment, please.”
 If a piece of silver ware falls onto the floor, pick it up if you can reach it and let
the server know you need a clean one. If you can not reach it, tell the server you
dropped a piece of your silverware and ask for a clean one.
 Toothpicks-are not usually on the table in a home. After the meal, go to the
bathroom and clean your teeth if you need to. In restaurants, they are usually at
the counter where you pay as you go out. Again, it is best to clean your teeth in
the bathroom.
 Maintain good posture at table; you can sit nicely straight on the chair and not sit
collapsed like a rag doll.
 When cutting something, keep your elbows as close to your body as possible.
 Elbows should not be on the table until after all courses have been cleared away.
 Never lean on your elbows! Keep your posture erect.
 Never rock back in your chair.
 Never smoke during a meal. Smoking should not take place until dessert is
finished. Follow the lead of the host or ask if you may smoke. Use ashtrays only.
 Never apply makeup or comb your hair at the table.
 Never touch your nose, hair or teeth at the table.
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WHEN YOU HAVE FINISHED
Do not push your plate away from you when you have finished eating. Leave your plate
where it is in the place setting. The common way to show that you have finished your
meal is to lay your fork and knife diagonally across your plate. Place your knife and fork
side by side, with the sharp side of the knife blade facing inward and the fork, tines down,
to the left of the knife. The knife and fork should be placed as if they are pointing to the
numbers 10 and 4 on a clock face. Make sure they are placed in such a way that they do
not slide off the plate as it is being removed. Once you have used a piece of silverware,
never place it back on the table. Do not leave a used spoon in a cup, either; place it on the
saucer. You can leave a soupspoon in a soup plate. Any unused silverware is simply left
on the table.
TIPPING
Questions of tipping puzzle people particularly because the custom seems to spread ever
more widely and the amounts change constantly. For example, when should you tip?
When should you not? How much is proper? Is it humiliating to under tip? Is it crass to
over tip? When should you withhold a tip, and if you do, should you spell out exactly
why you are withholding it, or should you just say nothing?
Most people feel that their moral obligation to tip ceases entirely when the service is
rendered in an irritable, sloppy, or inefficient manner.
My philosophy is that you tip a great deal less when service is rendered in a negative
way. Many people rely on their tips for the major part of their income, and to deprive
them of every cent of what you had planned to give could be a real hardship. I always
rationalize myself into giving an unpleasant person at least a small tip, because I feel
(without any supporting evidence) that each time I encounter an obnoxious person, he or
she has probably just lost a spouse or found out that the bank account is hopelessly
overdrawn or that the children are in trouble at school--and that is why I am being treated
so badly.
 when you are a host in a modest restaurant, there are many fewer people to tip:
 15 percent of the total bill, including soft drink, to the waiter
 Rs.20 to the coat check person, if there is one
Tip the Fast-food Deliverer Again you are not obligated to tip the young person who
brings something like a KFC/Macdonald’s Burger to your home, but it’s nice to do it.
Give Rs.20 for one or two regular pizza boxes, but if you have a large quantity or group
of over-sized pizza delivered for a party, tip Rs.50. Large quantities are difficult to
handle, and a larger tip helps.
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8.3 TODAY’S KIDS

Some of their parents may have grown up without electricity, but today’s kids are at
home in a world awash in technology. How the ubiquity of (1) SMS messaging (2)
Internet (3) Mobiles and electronic games will shape them is anybody’s guess.
Today’s kids are the most wired in history. The world that today’s kids inhabit is
diverging sharply from the one their parents grew up in. Unlike other generation gaps,
this one dose not revolves around mores, fashion or pop culture as much as technology.
Childhood relationships are made or broken with a few strokes of a cell-phone keypad.
Skills are being acquired less from books than from videogames.
Technology is reshaping the experiences of millions of children around the world. Is this
good thing? Is the stimulation of new media preparing kids for a future high-tech world-
or turning them into antisocial, superficial dolts? Here is the research finding given for
guiding parents to know how this technology is affecting their children:
8.3.1 THE END OF MAKE BELIEVE

Kids do not have the time they need for imaginative play. Technology may be the
biggest culprit because television, video and computer games tend to serve up ready-
made characters, plots and dialogue, which children passively absorb.
Entertainment
Technologies such as instant Technologies will help make
messaging, videogames and cell today’s children more cultured than
phones have made childhood better. their parents.
Agree 29% Agree 55%

Disagree 37 Disagree 22
Not sure 34 Not sure 23
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8.3.2 LISTENING TO THE KIDS

Tech companies look at teens to figure out what’s cool, what’s hot—and what’s next.
The goal: to see how they used technology in their daily lives, and then to turn that
information into new products—not just for kids but for the rest of us, too.
Business
Which future technology will be As tomorrow’s kids adapt to
most affected by the tastes of today’s technology, which skill will suffer
young people? most?
Cell phones 35% Interpersonal skills 52%

Internet 29 Craftsmanship 26
Videogames 18 Reading 13
PDA s 15 Athletics 8
Instant messaging 3 Math 2
8.3.3 LOG ON AND LEARN
No more teachers? No more books? For today’s kids, the internet has all the answers.
When used well, technology lets kids tap into a vast store of knowledge that was once
inaccessible.
Education
What is the optimal amount of Technology is reducing children’s
screen time children should be involvement most in which activity?
allowed each day?
An hour or less 51% Reading 37%

Two to four hours 42 Imaginary play 29
Unlimited 6 Sports 27
None 2 Playing a musical 8
Instrument
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8.3.4 TUNING IN, TURNING ON
The tech revolution is reaching even the remotest of kids in Pakistan. That’s both good
and bad. For the first time, kids who grow up in remote areas, even with poor connections
and old technology…have the potential to see and learn and speak and share information
with people in faraway places.
 SMS text messages use to flirt each other , unheard and unseen by their parents
 The VCD so cheap and easy to burn on a home computer used both to spread
western culture and to fight it.
Politics
Parents should exert strict controls How has technology affected the
over what their children see on the divide between the haves and the
internet. have-nots?
Agree 69% Increased it 64%

Disagree 20 Decreased it 22
Not sure 11 No effect 14
My concern is that computer is very powerful technology, the effects of which we do not
really know. To prove this here is the research to find out right and wrongs:
 70% 10 years old and older have web access at home.

 52% spend more than five hours online a week.
 80% of parents do not know how to use PC security settings to block some sites to
kids.
 67% of children are more knowledgeable than their parents about computers.
Impact
Which technology do you think has had Which technology has had the most
the most positive impact on kids? negative impact on children?
Internet 92% Internet 8%

Cell phones 5 Cell phones 8
Instant messaging 3 Instant messaging 6
Videogames 0 Videogames 78
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SUGGESTIONS TO PROTCTS YOUR CHILD
Here are some suggestions for finding the right balance:
 Make clear rules and stick to them. Each family is different, but some good
starting points are to keep the computer, mobile, and TV off during meals, keep
these things out of kids’ bedrooms and limit or ban these technologies on school
nights from Monday to Friday.
 Provide alternatives. Do not just tell your kids what to do something else.
Work with them to find interesting and healthy activities like reading or
swimming.
 Watch TV as a family. Pick programmers that everyone will enjoy and use the
experience to spend time together.
 Relaxation on Chat. Do not allow your child to chat on MIRC, ICQ, AOL or
other useless and time sucking chatting software’s. Encourage them to chat on
school homework or productive issues on MSN/Yahoo! messenger with family
and friends.
 Get help from technology. Use feature in Explorer to ban unnecessary sites or
get the help of expert. Get an internet connection from reputed ISP’s like Comsat.
Visit the internet properties to to see the data accessed from your computer. See
history file also resides in windows folder to see the web-sites visited and act
accordingly and immediately.
o Separate controls for each child using individual e-mails

o Safer Communication to protect child from talking with strangers.
o Weekly report on e-mails, MSN chat, and time on line spent
o Stay in charge while your kid surf.
 Safe Surfing Sites. These are those sites that care enough about child safety
online to rate themselves.
o www.kidsfreeware.com
o www.kidsdomain.com
o www.we-blocker.com (the best software)
o www.surfnetkids.com
o www.4kids.org
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Conclusion
Let your child discover the best the internet has to offer! Here is the surfing guide:
(1) www.cnn.com (news, weather), www.bbc.com (sports), www.usatoday.com (updated
news)
(2) www.islamicfinder.org (prayer times around the world)
(3) www.karkaz.org.uk (best site on Jihad)
(4) www.islam.tc (Islamic website)
(5) www.apple.com, www.compaq.com, www.hp.com, www.ibm.com,
www.microsoft.com, www.novell.com, www.intel.com(computer manufactures)
(6) www.intellimatch.com, www.usmall.com/college, www.occ.com(financial aid)
(7) www.uno.org (unites nations), www.britishcounsil.org.pk(A & O level Information)
(8) www.careerpath.com, www.cweb.com(education and career)
(9) www.fedx.com, www.tcs.com.pk, www.dhl.com.pk(couriers)
(10) www.ufone.com, www.mobilinkgsm.com, www.ptcl.com.pk,(communication)
(11) www.govt.com.pk (Governments official websites including links of all ministries)
(12) www.islamabad.net (complete information about embassies)
www.blueareaonline.com (location finder of each plaza)
(13) www.apniisp.com(songs, downloads, ring tones), www.mtv.com(music),
www.rockhall.com(live concerts), www.music.sony.com/music/musicindex.html(english
songs), www.wallpapers.com(wallpapers), www.fm100pakistan.com(Live Fm radio)
(14) www.rd.com (Readers Digest) www.timesasia.com (Time magazine),
www.newsweek.com(Newsweek magazine)
Are you looking for an appropriate Gift for your friend or parents at any special occasion,
or are you like to read about information on any specific subject; just logon to search
engine for example, (1)www.altavista.com(2)www.google.com,
(3)www.yahoo.com(4)www.msn.com. Write the word/phrase best describe the subject
and then choose your selected sites to visit.
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8.4 HEALTH vs. DEATH

Just as there is no consensus about when conscious life begins, there is none about when
it ends. Determining the precise time of death is, in fact, medically and scientifically
impossible. It used to be thought that the point of death was a single moment in time. It
is now thought that death is process, not a single moment. We need something to go by,
though. So our society has come up with various legal and social definitions to give us a
sense of finality. Here are terms we are most familiar with:
 Clinical death Breathing and heartbeat have stopped.

 Brain Death The lower brain, or brainstem, which controls automatic body
functions, stop working. A person can be kept alive only with the help of life-
support machines.
 Persistent Vegetative State/Death of Higher Brain the brainstem still functions,
keeping the heart, lungs and digestive system working, but the sensing, thinking
part of the brain has shut down. It may be possible to keep the body functioning
for long periods with life-support systems.
 Whole brain Death both lower and higher brain functions have ceased.
8.4.1 MAKING YOUR MEDICINE MEASURE UP
Majority of patients do not take their medicine properly OR they use medicines without
prescription of Doctor. Although by doing this you can save YOUR time and money but
in the long run this habit may have serious consequences. You must visit a doctor
whenever you fell ill rather to prefer home-made solutions. Here are some ideas:
 Strictly follow doctors’ instructions and warnings.
 Use an exact form of measurement, such as an oral syringe, to measure medicine.
 Finish the complete course of antibiotics.
 Never take medicine in the dark
 More dose not mean better with medicine. If you forget on dose, do not double
up the next time.
 What good for you might be bad for the next person, so do not share medicine
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CA’s Lifestyle 96
8.4.2 THE WHEN AND WHAT OF WELL-BEING
Why demanding professions attract life-threatening dieses like blood pressure, heart
problem, obsession; simply because we do not notice much about medical condition of
our body and have no knowledge to conclude nature of disease until it become
chronic(old). You must know which particular sign leads to particular disease for this
you have to see your doctor at different intervals irrespective of your age. Who can
remember when you are supposed to get a cholesterol test or at what age to schedule a
colon-cancer exam? You can, with the chart below, though people with a chronic
condition such as diabetes or at high risk for cancer, heart disease or glaucoma should
discuss their screening needs with a doctor and for further help you can logon to
www.lifeclinic.com if you do not know the meaning and nature of diseases listed below
then search the web with particular reference to this disease:
Years of Age
18 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65and up
Blood pressure Every 2 years
Cholesterol Every 5 years
Pep smear Yearly
Mammography Yearly
Blood Sugar Every 3 years
Glaucoma Every 1-2 years
Colonoscopy Every 5-10 years
Stool occult blood Yearly
One very common term with which we are not familiar is DNA. It is the abbreviation of
the word Deoxyribonucleic acid. Here are the definitions to this word:
(1) The material which carries the hereditary instruction (the “blue print”)
which determine the formation of all living organisms. Genes, the
organizers of inheritances, are composed of DNA.
(2) A nucleic acid found in the nucleus of a cell and consisting of a polymer
formed from nucleotide and shaped like a double helix; associated with
two/true transmission of genetic information; “DNA is the king of
molecules”
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CA’s Lifestyle 97
ONE LAST WORD
When you sit down to do study, do your best to be physically comfortable. That makes a
difference—a much bigger difference than you may think. Wear loose, comfortable
clothes. If businesswomen and businessmen did not have to sit at their desks all day in
tight-fitting high-heeled shoes that squish their feet and make their lives miserable—or
tight collars and neckties that choke them to death—the whole country of PAKISTAN
would probably be three times as productive as it is. Fortunately when you are at home
doing study, you can dress as you like. So dress comfortably.
Make sure, also, that you have got enough light, try to see that room is not too hot or too
cold, and get away from distracting noises as best you can. A piece of advice to
Bachelors “please keep changing your rented homes(hostels or private houses are some
of those exceptions) after every 9 months. Conditions will never be perfect, but do your
best to make them as quiet and comfortable as you can.
In order for your study program to work you will have to balance following TWO things
1- Eat four-to-six meals a day spaced out at 2 ½ to 3 hours interval. Every CA want a
physical image….do not you? But if you starve for your study; as many students
do…you can not achieve your goal to look healthier, beautiful and smart and
professional. Because after three to four hours of NO FOOD your body switches to a
catabolic state (a state in which you lose muscles and gain fat). The body believes that it
is starving and it starts feeding itself on lean muscle tissues and it prepares to store
calories as fat. Bad scenario! Along with this one very common mistake among us is
not taking about 8 to 12 glass of water daily. Water cleans your body form toxins that
would get you sick. Processes such as energy production, muscle building, and fat
burning require water. A lack of water can interrupt these processes.
2-During your study days you shut yourself in your room with books nights after night
while your peers developed various skills through socializing……..If you withdrew from
study for a while to enjoy each and every moment you will miss the track of CA………so
balance demands rather to follow your fellows. Because without CA when you looked
toward the years ahead, you could not see a future. There was just a void. Was I going
to be alone my whole life? No certainly not……..just balance the things.
All of these things will make you more efficient in studying smart, and studying smart
means to keeps your name in the list of successful candidates every time.
Wishing you sparking future!
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Ca'S Lifestyle: Hafiz Muhammad Adnan Rana

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CA’S LIFESTYLE

RESEARCHED AND WRITTEN

Bismillah-ir-Rahman-ur-Raheem, first of all I want to thank

A special message to my Mom, I love you and proud to be your

(Hafiz Muhammad Adnan Rana)

1.1 THE ACCOUNTANCY PROFESSION IN PAKISTAN

1.2 THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF PAKISTAN

Stream of entry to Become A Chartered Accountant

Students must be consciously aware of their learning objective(knowledge gained

A qualified Chartered Accountant is required to possess a high level of competency in

i) The Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia(www.ica.au)

As per the directive of University Grant Commission(UGC), After qualifying

Continuing Professional Education(CPE) is ONLY for qualified Chartered Accountants.

Lahore The Institute of 5414486 & Icapa@brain.net.pk

Islamabad The Institute of 9266281 icapibd@apollo.net.pk

Faisalabad Mr. Hamid Masood, 618255 & 619706 ----------------------------

Information Centre, 273306 & 277306 RBCO@psh@brain.net.pk

1.3 TOUGHNESS OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANCY

Ranking CA as difficult, demanding, stressful, book worming, and even cramming

POSITIVE MENTAL ATTITUDE

STEP 1: TAKE POSSESSION OF YOUR MIND WITH CONVICTION

STEP 2: KEEP YOU MIND ON THE THINGS YOU WANT

STEP 3: LIVE THE GOLDEN RULE

STEP 4: ELIMINATE ALL NEGATIVE THOUGH

STEP 5: BE HAPPY AND MAKE OTHERS HAPPY TOO

STEP 6: FORM A HABIT OF TOLERANCE

STEP 7: GIVE YOURSELF POSITIVE SUGGESTIONS

STEP 8: USE YOUR POWER OF PRAYER

STEP 9: SET GOALS

STEP 10: STUDY, THINK AND PLAN DAILY

Know what you need to know

Plan your work

Make your reading effective

Abilities require for effective reading

Comprehension is an ability to understand chunk of data/information or opinion and

Approach to an examination level question is:

BUY thing with correct size

Size Small Medium Large

 Make sure you have worn appropriate socks.

2.2.2 HAIR CUTTING

2.2.3 PERFECT HOLIDAY PLANNING

 Aflatoxin: A mould toxin; can cause haemorrhage, convulsions, coma

2.2.4 DINING IN or OUT

2.3 SOUND SLEEP

6. Create a Bed time Ritual. A bath-temperature: 34 to 38 degrees-can make you

If attending RAET If not attending RAET*

3.2 WHAT IT TAKES TO BE A GREAT STUDENT

4.1 CORRECT METHOD OF REVISION

Getting down to work

Where should you revise?

How often should you revise?

What is the best time to revise?

What shall I revise?

 Summaries your notes into more concise form.

4.2 Examiner Comments

4.3 Marking Scheme

Independent examination committee

What is paper-checking method?

How question papers are set?

Is reproduction of exact study-material word-by-word giving us passing-license?

What is marking scheme?

Most questions require candidates to include a range of points in their answer, so an

QUESTION SPECIFIC MARKING SCHEME