Periodically forced oscillation

Consider a mass-spring system where we have a mass m on a spring with spring

constant k , with damping c , and a force F(t) applied to the mass. Suppose the
forcing function F(t) is 2L-periodic for some L>0. The equation that governs this
particular setup is
mx(t)+cx(t)+kx(t)=F(t)

The general solution consists of the complementary solution and a particular

solution. For c>0 the complementary solution decays but the particular solution
does not decay and is periodic with the same period as F(t).
Hence this particular solution is called steady periodic solution.

From the idea of undetermined coefficients

Plot of steady periodic function