Author : Thaithienanh

Pages : V Mch In

Bng Proteus

u bi mnh xin php trc bi v trc gi mnh cha bao gi vit bi hung dn,
v vn ln na l mnh m tt ci khon English the mau giao, cho nn bi vit
ny s chc chn s phm phi nhng sai st, mong cc bn thng cm v ng gp
kin cho bi vit ny dn d uc hon thin hn, Cm n cc bn nhiu (hnh nh
mnh nghe nhc chu n c l thnh ku z ri mt th phi hi hi .
By gi tin cho vic thc hnh v mch in , mnh s khng cp n vn
schematic m s dng lun mt example ca Proteus l Pic Doorbell.
*Bt u : bn ngoi desktop cc bn kch vo icon ISIS (tc trnh con h tr v s
nguyn l ca Proteus, uc mnh khoanh trng ):

By gi bn ang trong giao din ca trnh ISIS, hy chn Open v chn ung dn
n bi v d Pic Doorbell

S ca Pic Door Bell s uc m ra nh sau

By gi chng ta s nhp chut vo biu tng ca trnh v mch ARES nm gc phi

trn mn hnh (uc hnh khoanh trn). Lu nu s do cc bn t to khi
chuyn qua ARES trnh s yu cu bn save s li .
Sau khi chuyn qua giao din ca trnh ARES cc bn s thy xut hin khung vi tiu
l Pakage selector nguyn nhn l do trnh khng tm uc nh dng chn linh kin
m ISIS cung cp nn buc chng ta phi t tm ly theo kiu Maual.

+ Linh kin 1 : Sounder (loa) : chng ta s g vo conn-sil2 ( cm 2 chu) Enter.

+ Linh kin 2,3 : Resistor (tr) : g vo res40 (chn kiu chn in tr 0,6 W) Enter.
Nhng dng chn cm ph bin bn nn thuc lng lun khi cn cch cch l qua ^.^
(Vic chn linh kin khi v s nguyn l cng l mt iu ng ch , s c nh
hng rt ln n vic hon thnh mch in nhanh hay chm, khi chn linh kin nn ch
nhn xem n c uc h tr dng chn cm cha, nu cha nn tm linh kin tng
ng nhng c h tr nh dng.)

Sau khi chn xong dng chn cho 3 linh kin trn th khung Pakage selector bin mt,
lc ny cc linh kin uc xp vo component nhng li thiu mt 2 led v 2 button ?
l do lc u bn s nguyn l cc linh kin th nht cha uc bn t tn, th
hai l chng b check Exclude from PCB layout. Nhng ti sao bit vy m mnh
khng ni trc t u cc bn mt cng nh ? h lt na cc bn s r ^.^
By gi chng ta s tin hnh v ung bao ca panel bng cch chn vo cng c 2D
graphic box trn thanh tool cng c, tip n chn board edge (c mu vng)

Sau r chut ra gia mn hnh, kch gi tri chut v v thnh mt khung (nu mun
thay i size ca khung, kch phi chut vo vnh khung, sau mun ko g th ko.
Hin ti do trong danh mc ca ARES khng c nh dng chn cm cho Button nn
mnh s phi t to ra n bng cch : chn vo 2D graphic box chn topsilk ri v
mt khung ng bng kch thc ca button (cn c vo di t im ti im trn ma
trn th va nhanh va chun), sau chn round through hole trn toolbar chn
kch c l khoan trong Circus through l C70-30 (l kch thuc via v l khoan)
ta s gn 4 via vo topsilk to thnh 4 chn. Kch chut phi vo tng chn v nh s
th t chn v trong number. Nu mun p hn cc bn c th v thm ci vng trn
gia button bng mc top silk tng trng cho ci phm trn, hoc mun bo m tip
xc ca button bn c th chn vo Track mode trn toolbar & chn Bottom copper
sau ni hai i cp chn li. Cc bn save linh kin va to bng cch kch phi chut
ro linh kin li v chn vo biu tng hnh con IC c du + (make pakage)

Bn s t tn cho n l button , chn library s lu tr vo, dng chn cm xuyn l

(through) hay b mt (surface) cui cng ch vic save vo l xong (by gi v mai sau
bn c trong tay pakage ca button ri , mng cha ^.^). Bn ngoi bn c th xo
b hnh v nhp kia uc ri .
Tr li vi vn cc linh kin b mt trn, chng ta s quay v ISIS v t tn cho 2
con led, v 2 ci button + b du check trong exclude PCB layout bng cch kch
phi chut vo linh kin v chn edit properties . Nh t tn lun cho ngun dng
l VDD v ngun m (t) l VSS lun bn nh, nu khng th 2 chn ngun c
n ca IC trnh s b trng v chng bit ni vo u .
Xong cc bn chuyn sang ARES, chc chn lc ny trnh s hi bn c save li hay
khng, bn OK ri i tip sang th gii bn kia :D. Lc ny ARES hin ra cng vi ci
bng Pakage selector c rich v nhng yu cu chn chn cm c x nhng gi trng
n c v d thung hn v bn c trong tay chi vi n ri ^.^. bn ch cn g
vo 2 ln Button, 2 ln Led, 1 ln conn-sil2, 2 ln res40 l xong, kho re lun !!
By gi vo vic chnh thi, cc bn kch chn vo linh kin trong component v kch
ra bn ngoi, lc ny linh kin s theo con tr i n v tr cc bn cn t, nu va cc
bn kch chut thm ln na l xong, nu khng thch cc bn c th kch phi hai ln
vo linh kin, lp tc n s t nhy tr li vo component. Cn mun xoay linh kin
cc bn kch phi mt ln ln linh kin, chn cc kiu xoay. ti u hn trong vic i
mch, cc bn nn va t linh kin va nhn theo s nguyn l nh .
O yeah ti bc ny gi l sng y, bn hy kch chn vo auto route, k n chn
vo edit strategies thay i ni dung i mch, c th ARES c chia ra hai phn vng
l power (ung ngun) v signal (ung tn hiu), ta ln lt hiu chnh cc thng
s, u tin l lp mch, bi ny ta ch cn s dng mt lp Bottom thi, mc

corner (gc bo) bn nn check lun c hai ci Optimize v Diagonal mch t

ng b gc rt p. Click OK !!!
Mch xong, nhanh gn v p phi khng n hi hi ^.^. C th cc ung mch hi
cong cong v rm r mt t, cc bn c th chn tool track chnh li bng tay. Cn
mun Pro hn, chi lun ph mass chng nhiu cho oai vi ngui ta, t menu tool
cc bn chn power plane, trong net cc bn chn ung cn ng thng l
VDD hay VSS, trong layer cc bn chn lp cn ph ng, cn boundary cc bn
chn nt, clearance l khong cch gia lp ng uc ph vi chn linh kin
cng nh ung i mch . Gi th OK thi ch bit sao gi hn

cc phin bn sau ny (c th t bn my th mnh hong ) Proteus cn h tr thm

chc nng m phng mch 3D rt th v, cch dng nh sau : chn vo Menu output
3D visualization. Mt hnh nh 3D hin ra trng khng p cho lm ti v mu sc
v nh sng cn chnh khng ng, cc bn c th chnh li bng cch chn Menu
setting, sau tu chnh trong Colour (mu sc), hay camera (gc quay v nh sng)
n khi thy p v va l OK. 3D visualization ny cho php ngui dng can thip
vo rt su bng cch vit code hoc import hnh nh t trnh ho vo, chi tit v vn
ny mnh c cp n trong mt bi vit trn dientuvietnam.net nhng tm thi
mnh khng gii thiu n y v n khng quan trng cho lm. Cn y l s trng i
ca chng ta, thnh phm sau cng cng ra l, huraaaaaa..

FiNish !!!
Chc Cc Bn Thnh Cng

V mch bng Proteus.

B1: o kch thc chn ca linh kin. VD: Opto PC817 c 4 chn, khong cch gia 1-2:
100th(2.54mm); 1-4:200th(7.62mm)
B2: S dng cng c dimension trn Toolbar Edit Objests v kch thc nh o. C
th chuyn i gia h mt v inch bng phm tt "m" hoc click vo button File nh
Km 10138 trn thanh cng c.
File nh Km 10267
B3: S dng cc Hole Pad trn Toolbar Edit Objects. Gi s chn kiu "Round", chn
kch thc Padstack v drill (VD: C-60-30), sau drag v click vo cc u mi tn ch
kch thc v trc ln lt ht 4 chn.
File nh Km 10268
B4: Xa cc mi tn ch kch thc bng cc Double Right Click vo mi tn v v hnh
dng ca linh kin bng cng c 2D Graphics. C th chuyn i t l "Grid" bng cc
phm F2, F3 hoc F4 cho ph hp vi hnh v.
File nh Km 10269
B5: t number cho cc chn bng cch right click vo chn cn t number --> Edit
properties hoc Left Click mt ln na.
File nh Km 10270
Cch to footprint trong ARES (tip theo)
B6: To th vin cho footfrint, chn footprint va v bng cch rightclick v drag sao
cho ng nt t bao ht footprint, sau chn Library-->Make Package.
File nh Km 10271
B7: Chn cc mc hoc to mi nh trong hnh v --> n OK. Bn c th xem li hnh
nh 3D ca footprint mi v bng Tab "3D Visualiazation" trong Make Package.
File nh Km 10272
V sau khi v mch in c linh kin PC817 ch cn vo Package Mode, bm vo nt P, g
Keywords: PC817 l c.
File nh Km 10273
Bi sau mnh s tng hp cch v mch in v mt s vn cn lu . Mong cc bn ng
h ha. Di y l 1 mch in mnh v bng Proteus.
File nh Km 10274File nh Km 10275
Cch v mch in bng Proteus. Phn 1: S nguyn l.
Cho d bn v mch in bng phn mm no i na th s nguyn l l ci quan trng
nht u tin chng ta phi lm. So vi cc phn mm khc nh Eagle, Orcad,
WorchBench ... th mnh thch nht Proteus v tnh tin li ca n trong cc thao tc v
mch. Mnh s khng i su vo ci s nguyn l ny nhiu v mi ngi chc cng
thng tho i vi Isis. Tuy nhin cn phi lu mt s ci:
1/ S nguyn l phc v cho m phng khc vi S v mch in. Cc bn phi hnh

dung trc cc linh kin s c b tr trong mch v hnh dng v kch thc chn ca
n.
2/ Khi ly linh kin trong th vin v snl, tr nhng linh kin c trong th vin, bn
khng cn ch n m s m ch n PCB ca linh kin. V d: Trong th vin
khng c bng A1015 (PCB: TO92), bn ch cn ly loi bng tng t c PCB l TO92
v d 2N3906.
File nh Km 10276
3/ Kim tra s chn gia A1015 v 2N3906. Khi vo Packaging Tool ca 2N3906 bn
s thy cc chn ca n khc vi A1015 bn sa li cho ging v n nt Assign
Package(s) v lm theo hng dn.
File nh Km 10277File nh Km 10278
4/ Nhng linh kin khc khng c PCB trong th vin, bt buc cc bn phi to
footprint mi.
Cch v mch in bng Proteus. Phn 2: V mch in
Sau khi c c s nguyn l t Isis. Mnh ly th d b ngun 5VDC sau y, trong
cc bn ch hai linh kin FUSE 1A v LED D1 mnh to sn footprint v th vin
ko c. Kim tra li ln cui v save li.
B1/ Trn thanh cng c bm vo biu tng ARES hp thoi nhc bn Save li s
xut hin --> OK, proteus s t ng lin kt s nguyn l ca bn vi ARES.
File nh Km 10279
B2/ Ca s ARES xut hin, trc tin cc bn cn phi v hnh dng ca v kch thc
ca bo mch. S dng cc cng c 2D graphic v, ng bao ca bo mch bn phi
chn Layer: Board Egde (mu vng). Nu khng mch in s chy ra khi ng bao khi
Autoroute.
File nh Km 10280
B3/ Sp xp linh kin vo board c hai cch Auto v manual.
+ Auto: bn nhp vo biu tng Auto-placer trn thanh cng c, bn tri ca s Autoplacer l list linh kin, bn chn All nu mun my t xp tt c, bn phi l cc thng s
khong cch gia cc linh kin. Sau khi chnh nh xong nhn OK. Thng thng cch
ny ch s dng cho nhng bo mch ln vi s lng linh kin nhiu, mnh khng s
dng cch ny v my xp ko c nh mun ca mnh.
File nh Km 10281File nh Km 10282
+Manual: Bn nhn Undo, list linh kin li xut hin phn Component. Bn t sp xp
bng cch chn linh kin trong Component v b tr trong mch. Ci ny ty theo thm
m ca mi ngi. C th xoay linh kin bng phm +/-.
File nh Km 10283
Trn hnh v bn thy rt nhiu mi tn v ng ni mu vng, bt ri mt bn tt
grid bng phm "G", nhp vo biu tng Edit Layer Color trn thanh cng c, trong ca
Displayed Layers b cc mc Ratsnest v Vectors i.

Cch v mch in bng Proteus. Phn 2: V mch in (tip theo)

V mch in (tip theo)
B4/ Sau khi sp xp linh kin xong nhp vo biu tng Autorouter.
File nh Km 10284
Nhp vo mc Edit Strategies trong ca s Auto Router. Trong ny cc bn c th chnh
layer, nt mch, khong cch gia cc nt, kch thc via.
+ Layer: Ares cho php bn v mch in bng nhiu lp.V l mch v d n gin nn
mnh chn 1 lp. Trong cc mc pair 1->4 ch Top Copper cn cc ci khc bn chn
none.
+ Nt mch: ARES phn bit c u l nt POWER, u l nt SIGNAL nh vo s
nguyn l chng ta v. Chn Strategy l POWER, phn Trace style c cc c t T8
- T500, mnh chn T40. Tng t i vi SIGNAL.
+ Khong cch gia cc nt chnh nh mc Design Rules. Bn c th tng gim ty
theo chc nng ca mch nu yu cu v chng nhiu trn board cao.
File nh Km 10285
Nhn OK v ch my Auto Route cho bn. Sau khi xong nu ko thch bn c th Undo
v chnh nh li, hnh nh Orcad lm ci ny hi kh nu ko quen cc thao tc.
B5/ Sau khi my Route xong, s c thng bo phn trm cc nt v trong mch, nu
100% th OK, cn nu ko cng vic cn li l ca bn. Bn nhp vo biu tng
Conectivity Rules cheker kim tra nhng nt cn thiu v bn phi t v ly. Bc
ny mnh dng y v cn ty thuc vo mch.
B6/ Sau khi hon tt phn mch cn li l cc ch thch trn mch. Bn c th s dng
cc cng 2D Graphic v vi ty thch.
Nh vy l xong.
In n trong ARES.
Rt vui v c anh nhathung stick ci bi ca em ln trn ny.
Cht t kin thc chia s vi cc bn trong din n nht l cc bc "lm mch in ti gia".
Mong cc bn vui, khe v thnh cng!
In n trong ARES.
Ko t bn mi vo ngh u mc phi nhng vn ny:
- Film ca bo sau khi in kch thc chn linh kin ln hoc nh hn vi linh kin tht.
- Lp linh kin b chng ln lp mch in.
- Mch in sau khi ra rt p nhng khi hn pht hin linh kin u b ngc chn.
- Nhng bn lm mch bng giy i phi tn nhiu giy cho 1 bo mch v li i.v.v..
Cc vn ny u c th khc phc mt cch d dng bng ARES.
Sau khi hon tt phn v mch in nhp vo Print Layout in film.
* i vi nhng bn khng c sn my in, bn c th xut layout mnh ra nh dang
file .pdf v em ra tim:

Trong ca s Print Layout mc Layouts/Artworks ch check chn lp mch in (VD:

Bottom Copper) v Board Edge, mc Scale mc nh l 100%, mc Reflections chn
Normal v nu Mirror chn linh kin s b ngc cc mc khc gi nguyn. Chnh v tr
ca board trong kh A4 bng cch Right Click vo khung Preview. Printer chn
CutePDFWriter --> OK xut hin ca s yu cu bn t tn file.pdf --> hon tt.
* i vi nhng bn c my in th vn nh trn v i Printer thnh tn my in ca
bn --> OK

Lm mch in o bng Ares Proteus

H
Chc nng ny mnh v ang s dng cng hay hay
Trong Ares bn hon ton c th v ra mt linh kin no m b th vin khng h tr
k c v cm v Preview 3D (mc d cn nhiu hn ch) --> cch thc to mt
cm linh kin mi (khng c trong th vin) v v mch in th mnh c bi hng
dn t rt lu ri, cn "v chc nng "3D visualization" ny th l mt nt mi m mnh
v tnh bt gp phin bn 7.1 (khng bit truc c cha ), vo ca s
Preview ny bn ch vic kch chn vo menu Output --> 3D.... l xong --> ca s
chnh cc bn chn phn setting thit lp li hnh nh nh mong mun nh mu sc
(mch in, ng mch...), nh sng, dy mch in...
By gi l vic to v mt linh kin c hnh th 3D nh mun : bn kch phi vo
linh kin trn bn thit k --> 3d visualization --> lc ny ci bn thy s l mt khung
ca s uc ngn ra lm 2 phn :
1. Phn bn phi chc hnh nh 3D ca linh kin : bn c th chn cc hng nhn :
left, right... hoc chn ch "Spin" n t xoay quanh trc.
2. Phn bn tri : cha phn code v thnh con linh kin .
Mnh s ni s v phn code : nu bn chu kh c b help ca "3d visualization" phn
MODEL CUSTOMISATION (nm ring trong ca s ca n ) th s hiu r hn,
y mnh ch ni s lc qua vi code c bn thi, ci ny cng khng khuyn khch cc
bn tm hiu cho lm v n cha hon thin (mt phn l ci ny mnh vc cng kh lu
nn qun gn ht ri )
Code uc quy nh cho tng thnh phn v kiu linh kin u tin s l "Style Body"
tc dng thn ca linh kin (cu lnh TYPE=...), gm c cc dng nh EXTRUDED (ko
di), NONE (v kiu), CUBOID (lp phng), AXIALCYLIDER (to in tr), nu bn
khng dng lnh TYPE th mc nh trnh s chn l kiu EXTRUDED << mnh s gii
thiu ci ny --> tip theo bn d lnh Type l nhng dng code quy nh kch
thc, v tr tung i v mu sc thn linh kin (cc code nh COLOUR=(R,G,B) <<
mu thn, MINHEIGHT=.., MAXHEIGHT=.. << dy linh kin, X,Y, ANGLE << v
tr v gc nghing)
V d nh sau y l phn code ca mt khi n gin
COLOUR=(0,110,0)

MINHEIGHT=0.2mm
MAXHEIGHT=8mm
Nh vy khi trn s c thn mu xanh l cy hi ti, c khong cch so vi mch in l
0.2 mm, v c dy l 8mm
(lu hnh dng ca khi ny chnh l phn khung bn v bng mc "Top Silk" trong
phn to linh kin)
Xong phn thn bn s phi v n phn chn linh kin
--> dng chn (PINTYPE=..) gm c Straight, Bentwire, SMTJ, SMTZ, SMTB,
CUBOID.
Tng t bn di dng Pintype ny l cc code nh hnh mu sc, kch thc.... chn
ca linh kin
gm c : PINCOLOUR (mu sc), PINMAX (phn cao hn board), PINMIN (phn thp
hn board), PINDIAMETER, PINLENGTH, PINTHICKNESS, PINWIDTH,
PINMOVE.
Cn mt cch na l "du nhp hnh nh 3D t mt trnh ho khc b vo th vin ca
Proteus, lc dng bn ch phi khai bo TYPE=MODEL... l xong, mt cch cc hay
nhng ci ny mnh cha tm hiu qua h h
V d thc t mt cht nh bn trn kia ni "thiu Led xanh, Led trng, Led vng.." th
bn bit phi lm g ri << ch cn edit dng code Colour = (..,..,..) l c mu nh
mun
Chc cc bn vui h h