Database Design

Database Models

Types of Database
Flat file

Hierarchical
Network
Relational
Object oriented
Object relational

Flat file model

Stored in text format

Flat file model

Drawbacks:
No structure
Difficult to manage data
More work in maintaining data
Physical location must be known

Program must be developed

Hierarchical model
Have the concept of parent-child relationship

Hierarchical model
Advantages:
Data can be quickly retrieved
Data integrity is easier to manage

Disadvantage
User must be familiar to the structure
redudancy

Network Model
Uses set structures

Network Model
Advantages:
Data can be access quickly
User can start with any table
Easier to model more complex databases
Easier to develop complex queries

Disadvantages:
Cannot be easily modified
Database structure affects the application

The user must understand the structure

Relational Model
Most popular database model

Uses the 3 types of database relationships

Relational Model
Advantages:
Easy access
Easy to change
Data is represented logically
Easy to develop complex queries

High data integrity

More accurate
Application programs are easier to develop
SQL

Relational Model
Disadvantages:
Must understand the concept of relationships
Must learn SQL

Object oriented Model

Uses Object Oriented approach

Object oriented Model

Object oriented Model

Advantages:
Programmer with OOP experience can easily

understand
Property inheritance
Automated
Easier to manage objects
Compatible with OOP tools

Object oriented Model

Disadvantages:
Inexperienced OOP user having hard time to

understand
No standard
Stability

Object Relational Model

Represents both OO and Relational

Object Relational Model

Advantages:
Has 3d architecture
User-defined types

Disadvantages:
Must understand both concepts
Must support object inheritance

SQL: Relational Database Language

Capabilities:
Data Definition
Data Manipulation
Data Query