,,

,
, ,
`
` i v su dung
Cu hoi v`a tra lo
LaTeX v`a
.
VieTeX (14)
,
Hu
,u in
Nguyn
Khoa Toan - Co, - Tin hoc
.
HKHTN H`a Ni,
HQGHN
.

Muc
. luc
.
,
,
14.1 i.nh dang
van ban d
khng chn,... nhu,ng kt
a co chu nghing, dm,
.
.
,
ho.,p nhu,ng di.nh dang
. n`ay nhu th n`ao? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
,
14.2 Co nhu,ng mui tn v`a ngoa. c moc o, trn du,o,i co d. d`ai khac nhau, l`am
th n`ao co mui tn v`a du moc co d. d`ai cho tru,o,c v`a tn d
o l`a tra ng . .
,
14.3 Trong mi tru,o`,ng toan ky tu., l khng ging nhu, m, n l`am th n`ao d
ky
,
tu., co kiu nhu, nhu, nhau? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
,
,,
,
14.4 u,o`,ng ke du,ng co trn b`an phm co tu,o,ng du
ong vo i cac lnh
. tao
. ra
,
,
,
du
o` ng ke d
ung? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
,
,
14.5 Trong toan hoc
chun co hai gach du,ng d`ung lnh
n`ao d

. ky hiu
. di.nh
.
,
thay th d`ung hai l`n ky tu., gach
. du ng? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
,
,
,
14.6 Nhu,ng ky hiu
. phu di.nh cua nhu ng ky hiu
. ba` ng nhau, keo theo,, thuc
.
, n`ay, l`am th n`ao d co ky
,
,
v`ao,... thuo` ng co gach
ch
e
o
trn
c
a
c
k
y
t
u

.
.
,
hiu
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. nhu vy?
.
,
,
,
14.7 Khi l`am ch muc
, , , a ,...
. cho cac tu` trong ting Vit
. cac chu cai d,
sa p da. t khng d
ung ch trong danh dach th` l`am th n`ao? . . . . . . . .
,
14.8 Co nhi`u lnh
. xung d`ong nhu cach ra mt
. d`ong, d`ung hai gach
. cheo,

d`ung lnh
\break
d`
u
ng
c
a
c
l
nh
n`
a
y
th
n`
a
o
cho
t
t?
.
.
.
.
.
. . . . . .
.
.

2
2
2
3
3

3
4
4

 Hu,u i,n
https://nhdien.wordpress.com - Nguyn

14.1

Trang s 2 trong 4

,
, nghing, dm,
inh
dang
van ban d
khng
a co chu
.
.
.
,
,
,
ng dinh
chn,... nhung kt ho. p nhu
dang
n`ay nhu, th
.
.
n`ao?

,
,
V` nguyn ta c ta co th kt ho.,p tt ca cac phng n`ay, nhu,ng do nhi`u phng c`on thiu
,
,
,,
,
,
nn khng tao
o. c. Ch co nhu ng kt ho. p sau dy
lun co
. th`anh chu theo y mun du
,
,
du
o. c

8 :

,
, n`ay
1. Kiu chu
,
, n`ay
2. Kiu chu
,
, n`ay
3. Ki, u chu
,
`
4. Kiu chu nay
,
,
n`ay
5. Ki, u chu
,

`
6. Kiu chu nay
,
, `

7. KI,U CH U N AY
, N AY
`
8. KI
U
, U CH
,

`
9. K I U, CH U N AY
,

10. Kiu chu n`ay

\begin{enumerate}
,
\item \textit{\textbf{Kiu chu, n`
ay}}
,
\item \textbf{\textit{Kiu chu, n`
ay}}
,
,
\item \textbf{\textsl{Kiu chu n`
ay}}
,
,

\item \textbf{\textsf{Kiu chu n`

ay}}
,
\item \textsl{\bfseries Kiu chu, n`
ay}
,
,
\item \textsf{\bfseries Kiu chu n`
ay}
,
\item \textsc{\bfseries Kiu chu, n`
ay}
,
,
\item \textbf{\textsc{Kiu chu n`
ay}}
,
,

\item \textsf{\textsc{Kiu chu n`

ay}}
,
\item \textsc{\textsl{Kiu chu, n`
ay}}
\end{enumerate}

14.2

,
,ng mui
Co nhu
tn v`a ngoa. c moc o, trn du,o,i co d. d`ai
khac nhau, l`am th n`ao co mui
tn v`a du moc co d. d`ai
cho tru,o,c v`a tn d
o l`a tra ng

,
o, trn
,
,
v`
a

,...

co moc c di.nh ta d`ung

Ta co nhi`u lnh
+
b
. nhu a
| {z }

\makebox[2in]{\hrulefill}\\
\makebox[2in]{\downbracefill}\\
\makebox[2in]{\upbracefill}\\
\makebox[2in]{\dotfill}\\
\makebox[2in]{\leftarrowfill}\\
\makebox[2in]{\rightarrowfill}

14.3

z
|

}|
{z

2
{
}

..........................

`,ng toan ky tu., l khng ging nhu, m, n l`am

Trong mi tru,o
,
,
,
,
,
th n`ao d
ky tu. co kiu nhu nhu nhau?

Ky tu., trong toan lun nghing, do ky tu., l thiu m`m mai

. nn ho. thit k ring lnh:
.
\ell

2/4

 Hu,u i,n
https://nhdien.wordpress.com - Nguyn

l l x12 + yl
` ` x12 + y`

$l-l*x_1^2+y_l^\alpha$\\
$\ell-\ell*x_1^2+y_\ell^\alpha$

14.4

Trang s 3 trong 4

, ,
,o,ng vo,i cac
ng co trn b`an phm co tu,o,ng du
`,ng ke du
u,o

,`,ng ke, dung?

lnh
tao
o

.
. ra du

,
,,
,
,,
,,
, ,o`,ng
Co nhu,ng lnh
l`am du
o` ng tha ng d
ung nhu $\mid$ |, khng tuong du
ong vo i du

.
,
`
du ng ba ng cach go v`ao, v du. sau:

I = {t|0 < t 1}
I = {t | 0 < t 1}
I = {t|0 < t 1}
I = {t0 < t 1}
,
,,
,
,
,
Ch co lnh
. \mid mo i thch ho. p nht cho truo` ng ho. p n`ay.
$I=\{t | 0<t\le 1\}$\\
$I=\{t\mid 0<t\le 1\}$\\
$I=\{t\vert 0<t\le 1\}$\\
$I=\{t\vrule 0<t\le 1\}$

14.5

,
,ng
Trong toan hoc
k
y
hi
u
d
inh
chu
n co hai gach du

.
. ,
.
,ng?
dung
lnh
n`ao d
hai l`n ky tu., gach
du
`
`
thay th dung
.
.

Trong LaTeX ngu,o`,i ta d`ung thay | ba` ng $\vert$-> | trong mi tru,o`,ng toan hai ky tu.,
n`ay nhu, nhau:

8 :

$\vert a+b\vert\le \vert a\vert+\vert b \vert$\\

$|a+b|\le |a|+|b|$

|a + b| |a| + |b|
|a + b| |a| + |b|

Tu,o,ng tu., lnh

. $\Vert$-> k thay ba` ng lnh
. $\|$-> k

$$|||u|||=\sup_{x\not=0}\left\{
{\|u(x)\|\over\|x\|}\right\}$$

$$u\cdot v=\left\|{u+v\over2}\right\|^2
+\left\|{u-v\over2}\right\|^2$$

14.6

2
ku(x)k
|||u||| = sup
kxk
x6 =0

u + v 2 u v 2



uv =
+

2
2

,
,
,ng ky hiu
,ng ky hiu
Nhu
cua nhu
.
. phu dinh
. ba` ng nhau,
,
,
` ng co gach
keo theo, thuc
cheo trn cac ky
. v`ao,..., thuo
.
,
,
tu. n`ay, l`am th n`ao d
co ky hiu
. nhu vy?
.

,
,
,,
Trong LaTeX co lnh
. \not du ng truo c bt k`y k hiu
. n`ao cung sinh ra ky hiu
. phu di.nh:
3/4

 Hu,u i,n
https://nhdien.wordpress.com - Nguyn

x 6 = y, U 6 V
A 6 B
A 6 B

$x\not=y$, $U\not\subset V$\\

$A \not\Rightarrow B$\\
$A\not\equiv B$

14.7

Trang s 4 trong 4

,
`, trong ting Vit
, cai
Khi l`am ch muc
. cho cac tu
. cac chu
d,
ch trong danh dach

, , , a ,... sa p da. t khng dung

th` l`am th n`ao?

,
,
, cai trong tu`, d
Khi l`am ch muc
\index{....} LaTeX ly chu
sa p xp
. ,d`ung lnh
.
,
,
,
,,
theo thu, tu., tu`, di
n. Nhung trong Unicode cac chu , d,
,... vuo. t ra ngo`ai bang
,
sa p chu, cai theo ting Anh. Co nhi`u tac gia vit chu,o,ng tr`nh l`am di
`u n`ay,
,
,
,
,
,
,
nhung ta co th l`am doan
gian ba` ng cach thm ph`n sa p xp pha truo c d

La,
,,
TeX hiu. V du. nu d`ung \index{i`u ki.n} th` sa. p khng d
ung, nu ta su lai
.
,
,
,
,

\index{ddieefukieen@iu ki.
n} th` chua n`ay du
o. c sa p cui c`ung cua d v` ting Vit
.
,
,
,
,
,

t co chu dd. Cac v du. khac tuong tu. \index{UWng dujng@Ung d.ung}, ngha l`a phn
,
,
tru,o,c @ d
sa p xp, ph`n sau d
in ra.

14.8

Co nhi`u lnh
xung d`ong nhu, cach ra mt
`
.
. d`ong, dung
hai gach
cheo, dung
lnh
\break dung
cac lnh
n`ay th
`
`
.
.
.
n`ao cho tt?

,
,
Rt nhi`u ngu,o`,i hiu sai lnh
ong. Khi d`ung nhi`u lnh
n`ay van ban
. , \\ l`a lnh
. xung d`
.
,
,,
,
se meo mo v`a xu. Nhu,ng giai thch sau dy
d
cac ban
. su dung
. tt hon v`a co van hoa
ho,n:
,
ng d`ong trong LaTeX l`a khi van ban tru,o,c cach ra mt
1. Lnh
. d`ong tra ng, khi
. xu
,
,
, ,o,c da t o, d`u
van ban sau. Xung d`ong se co thut
`u d`ong khoang 2-3 ky tu. du
. .

. d
,
`

`
ba ng \parskip=4pt. D`u cac ban
. co cach ra nhiu d`ong tra ng th` LaTeX cung ch
coi l`a mt
`u d`ong, co cach thm mt
. d`ong tra ng v`a xung d`ong thut
. d
. chut.
,
,
,

2. Lnh
xung d`ong nn khng
. \\ l`a xung d`ong cuo ng bu c, do ta c t`nh nga t cu
,
,
,
`
`
`
co thut
ung lnh
u d`ong. Nhiu nguo` i d`ung lnh
`u d`ong
. n`ay ri lai
. phai d`
. thut
. d
. d
,
\indent mt rt nhi`u cng, luc thut,
. luc khng v`a van b, an khng dep,
. d`ong xt
,
`

v`ao nhau v` cac do

ao van ban thy to`an du xu,ng
an
. cu lin t`u t`. Khi nh`n v`
,
,
,
,
,,
,
d`ong kiu n`ay coi nhu chua hoc
. TeX, mo i ch nghe nguo` i ta noi v`a l`am cha ng
,
hiu g`.
,
,,
,
,
3. Lnh
o phn b d
`u v`a
. \break lnh
. cung cuo ng bu c xung d`ong nhung d`ong d
,
,
,
d
n`ay d
`y chu . Khi ta xung d`ong c`on thu` a chut t ch tra ng th` d`ung lnh
van
.
,
ban can l` hai bn d
`u v`a dep.
.

4/4