CNG NGH SN XUT

NC GII KHT

Phn loi

Nc cha kh cacbonic
Nc gii kht pha ch
Nc gii kht ln men
Nc gii kht cha bnh
Cc dng nc qu: nc qu c c,
nc qu ngm ng, nc qu ngm
cn

CNSX NC GII KHT PHA CH

A. NGUYN LIU SN XUT NC GII KHT
1. NC.
2. NG CHT TO NGT.
3. KH CO2.
4. ACID THC PHM CHT TO CHUA.
5. CHT TO MU.
6. CHT TO MI.
7. CHT BO QUN.

1. NC
Nc s dung phai at nhng tieu chuan nh :
Ch tieu cam quan: nc phai trong suot,
khong mau, khong co mui v la.
Ch tieu hoa ly: ham lng cac muoi va kim
loai phai thoa man (TCVN6096:2004).
Ch tieu vi sinh

2. NG - CHT TO NGT

- S dng cc lai ng kt tinh cht lng cao nh

RS, RE

- Saccharose rt d b thy phn. Khi b thy phn,

lm tng ngt ca siro, hn ch c s ti kt tinh
ca Saccharose trong dch siro v sn phm.

3. KH CO2
CO2 c th thu nhn t nhiu ngun khc nhau :
T khi l t ca cc l hi hay l nhit in , l nung vi
T cc ngun nc khong c bo ha CO2 thin
nhin
T qu trnh ln men dch ng cc nh my bia ,
ru
Yu cu k thut: kh CO2 trc khi a vo s dng phi
c x l t c tinh khit cao 99,9%.
Ty theo p sut v nhit , kh CO2 c th tn ti 3 dng:
kh, lng, hoc rn.

Vai tr ca CO2 trong NGK

Khi tan trong nc, kh CO2 s to thnh H2CO3, c v
chua d chu.
Khi vo c th, CO2 s thu nhit v bay hi, to cho c
th cm gic mt , d chu, gy v cay nh, the ni u
li.
Ngoi ra, CO2 ha tan trong nc cn hn ch c hot
ng ca cc tp khun, cc vi sinh vt hiu kh, gi cho
sn phm nc gii kht lu b hng.

4. ACID THC PHM

Acid citric, acid tartric, acid malic
Cng dng ca acid thc phm:
To v chua t nhin v du
c ch VSV, ko di thi gian bo qun sn
phm
Trong sn xut thng dng mt s acid
nh: acid citric, acid tartric , acid malic.

5. CHT TO MI (HNG LIU)

Hng liu t nhin:
Hng liu tng hp:
Hng liu hn hp:
- Hng dng trong SX cng nghip v hng dng trong thc
phm
YU CU S DNG
Hng liu dng trong nc gii kht phi m bo tinh
khit cho thc phm, khng gy c hi cho ngi s dng, n
phi nm trong danh mc qui nh hin hnh ca B Y T(Q
505/BYT) v phi s dng ng liu lng cho php.

6. CHAT TAO MAU

- Cht mu t nhin: c trch t r cy, v qa hoc mu
caramen, mu carotenoid
- Cht mu tng hp:
Tartrazine(C16H9N4Na3O9S2)
Sunset yellow FCF(C16H10N2Na2O7S2)
Amaranth(C20H11N2Na3O10S3)
Brilliant Blue(C37H34N2Na2O9H9)
Ponceau 4R(C20H11N2Na3O10S3)
Fast green FCF (C17H34N2Na2O10S3)

6. CHT TO MU
YU CU S DNG
Phm mu s dng phi m bo tinh khit v phi
nm trong danh mc cho php ca B Y T hin hnh
(Q 505/BYT)
Liu lng s dng ni chung: <= 0.03%

YU CU KHI S DNG CHT MU

L nhng cht khng c c tnh, khng gy ung th
Nhng sn phm chuyn ho ca cc cht mu l nhng
cht khng c c tnh
Cc cht mu c tnh ng nht cao. Trong phi cha
trn 60% phm mu nguyn cht cn li l nhng cht
khng c
Phm mu l cht khng c cha cc tp cht sau:
Cr, Se, U (cc cht ny c coi l nhng cht gy ung th)
Mt vi cht thuc nhm cacbua hydro thm & a vng cc cht
ny thng gy ung th
Hg cadimi (l nhng cht c)
Khng c cha cc cht nh As, Pb, cc kim loi nng

Trong qu trnh s dng khng c gy ng c tch lu

7. CHAT BAO QUAN

Cht bo qun thng s dng trong sn xut l: Acid
Benzoic v Sodium Benzoate
Theo quy nh ca b Y t nm 1998 (Q 867/BYT) th
liu lng Acid Benzoic v Sodium Benzoate ti a s
dng trong ch bin nc gii kht 600mg/kg

B. QUY TRNH SN XUT

1. Kim tra v x l nguyn liu.
2. Chun b dch syrup thnh phm.
3. Bo ha CO2( trc tip hay gin tip)- Phi trn.
4. Chit chai v hon thin sn phm.

1.X LY NC :

Mc ch ca qu trnh x l nc
Lm sch
Lm mm nc
Tiu dit vi sinh vt gy bnh c trong nc.
- Vic x l nc c chia lm hai giai on : x l th
v x l tinh.

X l nc th:

Mc ch: nhm kh st, ng thi loi b cc
cht cn bn, hu c, dit mt phn vi sinh vt
v mt phn lm mm nc.

Phng php: chuyn ha Fe2+ thnh Fe3+ bng
2 tc nhn l: Oxy v Chlorine (Ca(OCl)2 ).

X l nc th

Nc
khai
thc

Ca(OCl)2
10%

Thp oxy
ha

Ging CN 70-90 m3/h

B phn
ng

Bn lc ct

Nc
th

X l nc tinh

Bm
cp

B cha
400 m3

X l nc tinh:

Mc ch: lm gim cng ca nc, ng
thi loi b nhng cht l lng v nhng kt
ta dng ht nh, dit VSV, kh mu, mi.

Phng php: s dng Ca(OH)2 lm gim
cng ca nc, s dng FeSO4.7 H2O lm
cht tr lng tch cc cht l lng, cc kt
ta dng cn nh ra khi nc. ng thi, s
dng Chlorine oxy ha Fe2+ thnh Fe3+ v
dit vi sinh vt.

B phn ng

Nc
th

Ca(OH)
2 7%

a vo
sn xut

FeSO
4.7
H2O
40%

n
UV

Ca(OCl)
2 7%
Lc ct

Lc tinh

Lc than

2. BAI KH NC

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1. ng nc vao.
3. Ong hut khong kh vao.
5. Ong thuy.
7. Bm chan khong.
ra.
9. Phao.

2. Ap ke chan khong.
4. Voi sen.
6. Bnh loc.
8. Ong thao nc a bai kh
Nc c a vao thiet b bai kh
theo ng ong (1). Di tac dung
cua voi sen (4) nc c phun ra
thanh nhng tia nho, va khi bm
chan khong (7) hoat ong khong
kh se tach khoi nc va i ra
ngoai. Khong kh hut ra ngoai
c loc lai qua bnh loc (6), nham
tranh cho nc vao bm lam hong
may bm. Mc nc trong bnh
tach kh c quan sat bi ong
thuy (5) va c ieu chnh bi
phao (9). Nc a c bai kh,
lay ra ngoai theo ong (8), sau o
qua pha che

7. X l CO2
Lc dd KMnO4,
Na2CO3

Lc than
hot tnh

My nn

B lm mt
kh CO2
Hn hp kh

Lc ra
nc

H2O

N2

Lc vi
B lm mt
kh CO2

200F

Ghi ch :
1: Gia nhit MEA
2: Lm mt MEA
Lc
ht

Sn
phm kh
CO2

B lm
kh kh
CO2

100F

H thng
lm lnh

Thit b
trao i
nhit

B lc

dd
MEA

hp
th

L t

Gas
Butane

ra

300400F

Du
DO

Th
p

Th
p

Thp
ct

Khng
kh

dd MEA
ngho

Bm dd
MEA ngho

R22

100F

230F

B lc

Bm dd
MEA giu

H thng
ngng t
CO2

dd MEA giu

Lc than
hot
tnh

Lc
Nhm
hot
tnh

Lc
Silicagel

Tank cha
kh CO2

B ha hi
bng nc
m

Tank cha
CO2 lng

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3. Nau ng
Nguyn liu:
ng
Nc
Acid
Nhng cht h tr nh than hot tnh, bt tr lc.
Phng php nng: ng c ha tan vi nc un si, sau
em i lc v lm lnh.
u im ca phng php:
Rt ngn thi gian ha tan ng
Di tc dng ca nhit cao, cc vi sinh vt c trong ng v
nc s b tiu dit.
Nhit cao cn tng kh nng chuyn ha ng t dng saccrose
sang glucose v fructose, t lm tng ngt ca dch sir, v c v
thm hn.
Nhit nu ng s c khng ch trong khong t 80o n 90oC

4. Loc dch ng
Muc ch:
 Tach het tap chat c hoc nh: rac, at cat,lan
ben trong ng
 Thiet b loc: dung may loc ep khung ban.

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5. Lam nguoi dch ng:

Dch ng (siro trang) sau khi loc ha nhiet o
xuong 20 - 250C:
 Tranh s ngng tu nc trong bon cha tao ieu
kien cho vi sinh vat phat trien.
 Gi c hng thm khi pha che.

Ch tieu dch syrup

-Cam quan: co mui thm cua ng, khong
co mui mat ma, trong suot hoac co mau
vang rat nhat.
-Nhiet o: 20_250C
-o Brix: 64_65

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6. Pha che syrup thanh pham:

* Muc ch :
Hoa tan cac cau t co trong thanh phan nc giai khat
thanh mot dung dch ong nhat gom: syrup trang , acid
thc pham, chat mau , chat mui , chat bao quan
* Nguyen tac pha che:
Cau t co so lng nhieu vao trc, hng lieu luon
cho sau cung
Nguyen lieu ran: hoa tan vao nc, loc va phoi tron.

8. Pha che, lam lanh va bao hoa CO2:

Yeu to anh hng en qua trnh:
 Ap suat P
 Nhiet o T
 Nong o cac chat tan, lng khong kh, tap chat, be
mt tiep xuc, thi gian tiep xuc, toc o chuyen ong
gi CO2 va dung dich,

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 Nhiet o:
Nhiet o cang thap, o hoa tan CO2 trong chat long cang
cao va ngc lai.
2-4 0 C
 Ap suat:
Ap suat cang cao th, kha nang hap thu CO2 vao trong
dung dch long cang cao va ngc lai
Thong thng t 2-5 at
 Be mat tiep xuc:
Tang be mat tiep xuc tng kha nang hoa tan CO2 vao khoi
chat long.

Phng phap pha che

1. Phng phap pha che gian tiep: nc sau khi
qua x ly c lam lanh va bao hoa CO2, ke
tiep c em phoi tron vi dung dch siro a
pha che
2. Phng phap pha che trc tiep: nc sau khi
qua x l, em pha che vi dung dch siro, lam
lanh roi mi bao hoa CO2.

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9. Ra chai
 Nhiet o ra chai phu thuoc vao thiet b va o
ben nhiet cua chat tay ra va chai, thng
khong qua 80C.
 Hoa chat: NaOH, chat chong moc.

10. Chiet rot va hoan thien san pham

Chiet rot nc ngot co gas da tren nguyen
tac ang ap,
 am bao c chat lng san pham,
 t ton hao CO2,
 t b khong kh va vi sinh vat xam nhap vao
trong san pham.

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QUY TRNH
SX TRC
TIP

Nc

Acid thc pham

X ly
Mau,
Mui,
Chat
bao
quan

Nau siro

Nap lon

Than hoat tnh

Bai kh

Bot tr loc

Loc siro
Lam nguoi

Pha che siro ban

thanh pham

Lam sach, kh trung

Phoi tron
Bao hoa CO2

Lon

ng

CO2

Chiet lon

Chiet chai

Ghep m

Ra

Chai

Kiem tra,dan nhan,

in date

Xep thung,bao quan

San pham

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